Bài giảng câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp trong Tiếng Anh

Khóa h c LT H KIT-1: Môn Ti ng Anh (Cô V Mai Pể

nỂ)

Câu tr c ti p, gián ti p

CÂU TR C TI P, GIÁN TI P
(TÀI LI U BÀI GI NG)
Giáo viên: V MAI PH

NG

ây là tài li u tóm l c các ki n th c đi kèm v i bài gi ng Câu tr c ti p, gián ti p thu c khóa h c LT H
KIT-1: Môn Ti ng Anh (Cô V Mai Ph ng) t i website Hocmai.vn, đ có th n m v ng ki n th c liên
quan đ n Câu tr c ti p, gián ti p, B n c n k t h p xem tài li u cùng v i bài gi ng này.

I. GI I THI U
Khi thu t l i l i nói c a ng i khác, ta có th nh c l i nguyên v n. Tr
(Direct Speech) và khi vi t ph i đ t trong ngo c kép.
Ex: Nam said, “I am going to the cinema”.
Nh ng ta c ng có th s a đ i chút ít và l ng vào câu nói c a mình. Tr
(Indirect speech).
Ex: Nam said that he was going to the cinema.

ng h p này g i là l i nói tr c ti p

ng h p này g i là l i nói gián ti p

II. QUI T C CHUY N L I NÓI TR C TI P SANG GIÁN TI P
Mu n chuy n m t câu tr n thu t t l i nói tr c ti p sang gián ti p c n ph i chú ý nh ng thay đ i sau đây:
1. i ngôi th c a đ i t nhơn x ng, tính t vƠ đ i t s h u cho thích h p.

Ex:
DIRECT
INDIRECT
I am going to repair your bicycle;
Nam told me that he was going to
you can take mine.
repair my bicycle and I could take his.
We did the work ourselves.

They said that they had done the work
themselves.

2. N u nh c l i l i nói trong quá kh vƠ dùng đ ng t
thì quá kh trong m nh đ chính (He
said…; they told…) thì đ ng t trong l i nói gián ti p ph i lùi v quá kh m t b c theo các quy t c và thí
d sau đây:
3. Thay đ i nh ng tính t , phó t hay c m phó t ch n i Ếể n, th i gian… cho thích h p,
theo nh ng quy t c và thí d sau đây.
DIRECT
This, these, here, now,
tomorrow, yesterday
Three days, ago
Last week, next week

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INDIRECT
today, That, those, there, then, that day, the

next day, the previous day (the day
before).
Three days, before.
The previous week, the next week (the
following week).

T ng đài t v n: 1900 58-58-12

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Khóa h c LT H KIT-1: Môn Ti ng Anh (Cô V Mai Pể

nỂ)

Câu tr c ti p, gián ti p

Ex:
I met the man here in this office today

He said (that) he had met the man there,
in that office that day.

We spoke to him the day before He said (that) they had spoken to him
yesterday.
two days before.
We shall be home tomorrow.

They would be home the next day.

I will do it here and now.

He would do it there and then.

Chuy n nh nỂ Ếâu sau đây sanỂ l i nói gián ti p:
1. He said: “My son will be here soon”.
2. They said: “We have never been defeated”.
3. She told me: “I am going to the party with my mother”.
4. They said: “We have plenty of time to do our work”.
5. They declared: “We shall continue to fight till final victory”.
6. He told them at once: “The trains is gone, you are too late”.
7. He said: “This is the book you have been looking for”.
8. She said: “You can come with us if you like”.
9. The old man said: “I will take you to my house right now”.
10. He was still declaring: “You are the man who did it”.
11. The new was announced: “The hero is coming”.
12. She said: “I wrote to my sister only last week”.
13. The man declared: “I shall be doing exactly the same work next Monday as I am doing today”.
14. The foreigner told him: “I am French but I have learned English at school”.
15. The boy said: “I have to go to the dentist tomorrow”.
16. We were informed: “The car is ready; we shall have to get back before the clock strikes four”.
17. The librarian said: “This book was lent to him weeks ago and he has only just returned it”.
18. The girl said: “I was born in 1954 and I have been living in this small town since”.
19. They said: “We have stayed here for a month; we shall go home next week”.
20. He repeated day after day: “This climate does not suit my health; I must go away as soon as I
can”.
Chuy n nh nỂ Ếâu sau đây sanỂ l i nói tr c ti p. Chú ý thêm d u ch m câu và vi t ểoa Ếểo đúnỂ:
1. He said he was very sorry for the mistake he had made.
2. My father told me that I could go to the seaside this summer.
3. He said that the train would arrive in five minutes.

4. She said that she hoped it wouldn’t rain that morning.
5. He admitted that he had not worked so hard as his brother had done.
6. She promised her friend that she would write to her every week.
7. The boy said that he would be 18 on the 1st of May.
8. They said that he had deserved their thanks for all be had done.
9. The manager assured them that he had would return before they left.
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Khóa h c LT H KIT-1: Môn Ti ng Anh (Cô V Mai Pể

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Câu tr c ti p, gián ti p

10. The Chairman told me he had been reading the documents all day.
11. The policemen told him they would never believe what he said.
12. All who heard this said he was speaking the truth.
III. CÂU H I GIÁN TI P
Khi chuy n câu h i sang l i nói gián ti p c ng ph i áp d ng nh ng quy t c chung nh đ i v i câu trân
thu t, nh ng còn chú ý thêm nh ng đi m sau đây:
1.
ng t trong m nh đ chính đ gi i thi u l i nói gián ti p là ask (ho c enquire, wonder, want
to know, v.v…)

2. T đ n i m nh đ ph là if ho c want to know, v.v…
3.
T đ n i m nh đ ph là if ho c whether đ i v i câu h i chung và đ i v i câu h i đ c bi t
b t đ u b ng các nghi v n what, why, v.v… thì dùng l i các t đó.
4.
D ng câu h i chuy n thành câu tr n thu t do đó không dùng các tr đ ng t do, did, does,
trong câu h i gián ti p
Ex:
DIRECT
INDIRECT
a. Câu h i chung
He asked me if (whether) that boy was
Is that boy your brother?
my brother.
He asked me if I could speak Russian.
Can you speak Russian?
Will you come tomorrow?

He asked if I would come the next day.

Has Henry worked hard?

He enquired whether Henry had
worked hard.
They wondered if they understood
them.
He wanted to know if I had seen Ba the
day before.
He said if she played the piano
He wondered whether we should accept

the offer.

Do they understand us?
Did you see Ba yesterday?
Does she play the piano?
Shall we accept the offer.
b. Câu h i đ c bi t
What is your name?

He asked me what my name was.

Where does she live?
What did the teacher say?

He enquired where she lived.
He asked what the teacher had said.

How will it work?
How have you come back

He wondered how it would work.
She asked me why I had come back

Who teaches you that rule?

He wanted to know who taught us that
rule.

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Khóa h c LT H KIT-1: Môn Ti ng Anh (Cô V Mai Pể

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Câu tr c ti p, gián ti p

Chuy n nh nỂ Ếâu sau đây sanỂ l i nói gián ti p (b t đ u b ng: He asked…; they enquired… v.v…)
1. What do you want, my boy?
2. Who will come to the pictures with me?
3. Is your new baby a boy or a girl, Mrs. Brown?
4. May I borrow your bicycle, Nam?
5. When will you get back from Peking, Mr. Counsellor?
6. When did they tell you that?
7. Have you seen the new film?
8. Which is the road to Long Bien Bridge?
9. How do you spell your name?
10. Did they all attend the meeting?
11. Where are they going tonight?
12. How did they travel back home?
13. Who showed enjoying yourself?
15. Does she always wear that blue dress?
16. Why does he sing so loudly?
17. Which book are you reading?

18. Ought the light to be on?
19. Will the taxi be here at seven o’clock?
20. Where has she put her hat?
IV. CÂU C U KHI N GIÁN TI P
Chuy n câu c u khi n sang l i nói gián ti p ph i theo các quy t c sau:
1. M nh đ chính đ gi i thi u ph i dùng nh ng đ ng t nh order, command, tell, ask, request…
ti p theo là tân ng ch ng i đ c l nh hay yêu c u.
2.
ng t trong nguyên v n m c m nh l ch ph i đ i sang d ng đ ng t nguyên th có to đ ng
tr c. N u m nh l ch th ph đ nh thì thêm not tr c to + infinitive.
DIRECT
Get out!
Sit down, please.
Please give us some help.
Fire
Don’t leave the door open.
Don’t come here tomorrow.
Don’t run away.

INDIRECT
He ordered him (them) to get out.
She asked me (him) to sit down.
They requested us to give them some
help.
The office commanded the soldiers to
fire.
He asked me not to leave the door open.
He told us not come there the next day.
He ordered them not to run away.

V. CÂU H N H P
Tr ng h p ph i chuy n nh ng câu h n h p g m các lo i câu tr n thu t, câu h i và câu c u khi n sang l i
nói gián ti p, thì c ng ph i dùng nh ng đ ng t thích h p đ gi i thi u t ng ph n.
Ex:
- “I am off to the pictures. Where are you going?”.
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Khóa h c LT H KIT-1: Môn Ti ng Anh (Cô V Mai Pể

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Câu tr c ti p, gián ti p

 He said that he was off to the pictures and wanted to know where I was going.
- “I have left my watch on your desk. Please bring it back to me”.
 He said that he had left his watch on my desk and asked me to bring it back to him.
Chuy n nh nỂ Ếâu sau đây sanỂ l i nói gián ti p:
1. Go at once!
2. Have a cup of tea, please.
3. Wrap it up in a piece of paper.
4. Don’t put your elbow on the table.
5. Write your name clearly on the top.
6. Don’t wipe your dirty fingers on my clothes.

7. Wait here under the tree until the rain stops.
8. Come and see me whenever you have a few hours to spare.
9. Don’t spend all your money on food and drinks.
10. Be careful, don’t answer hastily.
11. Bring the gun into position.
12. Hurry up if you want to go out with me.
Chuy n nh nỂ Ếâu sau đây sanỂ l i nói gián ti p:
1. It is cold here. Is the window open?
2. Do you think it will rain? – It is cloudy.
3. I must write some letters now. – What date is it?
4. How do you like my brother’s hat? – I bought it for him in a department store.
5. What time is it? – My watch has stopped.
6. This is the most interesting book. Have you read it?
7. Are you free tomorrow night? – I would like you to come to my party.
8. What is the matter? – You don’t look very well.
9. We are going for a walk. Would you like to come, too?
10. How far is it to Nam Dinh? I hope we can get there before dark.
Giáo viên: V Th Mai Ph
Ngu n

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T ng đài t v n: 1900 58-58-12

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