Nghiên cứu thử nghiệm công nghệ tách vi sóng để xử lý nhũ tương dầu nước trong nước thải nhiễm dầu ở việt nam

Nghien cuu thu nghiem cong nghe tach vi
song de xu ly nhG tuong dau/nuoc trong
nuoc thai nhiem dau o Viet Nam
ThS. Le Thj Phu'ang
Vien Diu khi Viet Nam
ThS. Tran DLFC Minh

Hoc vien Phdng khdng • Khdng quan
Tom t i t
Nw&e thai nhiem dau bj nhu twang hoa la mot phan quan trgng eiia nw&e thai eong nghiep va dwgv
sinh ra tir eae hoat dgng san xuat eong nghiep khac nhau, dae biet la nganh cong nghiep dau khi.
Trong ngi dung bai bao nay, ehiing toi neu khai quat ve nw&e thai nhiim dau, cong nghe tach vi
song, sir dung eong nghe vi song di taeh va thu hoi dau tip nw&e thai nhiim dau; qua trinh thiet ke, che
tao thiet bj vi song di pha nhu twang trong nw&e thai nhiem dau; dong th&i mo ta kha day dii viec thir
nghiem taeh nhu twang dau/nw&e bang phwang phap vi song dien tir va so sanh hieu qua thu dwg'C v&i
phwang phap tuyen noi kit hg'p chat pha nhu. Thi nghiem eho thay phwang phap taeh nhu twang
dau/nw&e trong nw&e thai nhiim dau bang phwang phap vi song dien tir eho kit qua rat tot, nhanh, tiet
kiem va dap wng day du tieu ehuan moi trw&ng eua Viet Nam va khong thua kem cac phwang phap tach
truyen thong khae. Dieu nay, m& ra then vgng eho viee su' dung edng nghe vi song trong viee tach va
thu hoi dau tip nw&e thai nhiem dau & Viet Nam trong twang lai gan.

DAU K H i - 3 6 8/2010

47


A N TOAN - MOI TRUONG DAU KHi

- Mu'c dp nhu hda d i u bj nhu hda trong nudc thai.

M a dau

Nude thai ndi ehung va nudc thai nhiim d i u
(NTND) ndi rieng la mdt trong nhirng tae nhan chinh
gay ra d nhiem mdi trudng ma t h i gidi da va dang
quan tam xir ly. O l x(j/ ly va thu hdi d i u trong nudc
thai nhiim d i u (bao gom d i u d dang nhu tuang
diu/nude) eae edng nghe sau da va dang dugc sir
dung:
- Cdng nghe tach vat ly
- Cac phuang phap taeh hda hpe
- Cac phuang phap dien va vi sdng dien tir
- Cae phuang phap vi sinh...
- Sir dung k i t hgp cae phuang phap vdi nhau.
1. Khai quat ve nu'O'c thai nhiim dau va cong nghe
tach vi song
Ngay nay, t h i gidi da quan tam va d i u tu nhiiu
edng sire, t i i n eiia d l phat t h i n cac cdng nghe x\j ly
d i u va nhu tuang d i u trong NTND. Oac biet yeu c l u
bao ve mdi trudng s i n g ciia con ngudi ngay cang cao
nen gidi han ndng dp cac hydrocaebon trong NTND
dugc phep thai ra mdi trudng ngay cang nghiem khIc.
Tuy tu'ng quoe gia se d l ra cae gidi han thai cho heng
minh. 6" Viet Nam hien nay thi NTND phai dugc xir ly
tdi ning dp eua d i u , md 5ppm thi mdi dugc thai ra
mdi trudng. O i l vdi cac hoat ddng d i u khi d ngoai
bien thi ham lugng d i u trong nudc thai phai dugc xa
ly d i n 15ppm cho khu vyc ndi thuy va 40ppm eho
vung bien khai xa.

Sy phan b l kich thude gipt va trang thai nhu
tuang eho phep ehung ta lya chpn phuang phap tach.

Van t i c gipt va nong dp d i u eho phep chung ta lya
chpn kich thude heng ciia he thing va dy bao dugc
sy van hanh eiia he thing ma ta lya ehpn.
* Sw phan bd kich thw&c giot
Sy phan b l kich thude gipt trong NTND la ylu to
d l quylt djnh d i n tinh hieu qua sy van hanh cua thiet
bj taeh dIu/nude eiia nude thai. Xac dinh sy phan bo
kich thude gipt la de lya ehpn he thing tach bdi vi m6i
mdt kich thude gipt se cd sy van hanh khac nhau
trong qua trinh tach ehung ra khdi nude.
Cac gipt d i u khdng phai la cac hat that, dd chi la
quy ude chung d l xir ly cac gipt rieng le ciia diu bj
phan tan trong nudc dudi dang cae hat hinh c l u . Tuy
thude vao dudng kinh eiia cac gipt ma chung dugc
chia ra thanh mpt trong b i n loai sau day [2]:
- Vdi cac gipt dudng kinh Idn han hoae bing
250/vm, d i u duge tap hgp lai thanh dau ty do noi len
b l mat nude.
- NhO'ng gipt d i u cd dudng kinh tir 30pm d i n nho
han 250pm dugc coi nhu eae gigt d i u dan gian.
- Cae gipt d i u cd dudng kinh tii' 1 d i n nhd han
30pm thi duge xem la nhu tuang d i u .
- Cac gipt d i u cd dudng kinh nhd han 1pm thi
dugc coi la phin d i u hda tan trong nude.
DAUHbATAN

1.1. Cae dae trwng ehinh eiia NTND
C i n phai hieu rang ban chit eiia nudc thai se
quylt djnh sy lya chpn thilt bj taeh diu/nudc nao
dugc SU' dung va cho phep chung ta dy doan hieu

nang cua thilt bj taeh dd. Mpt thiet bj dugc thilt ke d l
tach d i u ty do thi khdng t h i dung d l tach dugc nhu
tuang dIu/nudc, ngugc lai se khdng cd hieu qua va
t i n kem rit nhiiu khi dung cae thilt bj tach nhu tuang
dIu/nudc eho viec taeh d i u ty do tir nudc thai [1].
Cd 4 thdng s l cua NTND cho phep chung ta lya
chpn cdng nghe xu' ly d i u (bao g i m nhu tuang d i u )
ehinh xae eho b i t ky loai nudc thai nao [1]. B i n thdng
so dd la:
- Sy phan bd kich thude gipt d i u .

•^°

Ol/dTNG K I N H GIpT (\1 m)

^'

Hinh 1. Mdi lien he giira duang kinh giot
va trang thai tdn tai ciia diu trong NTND
% gipt

•• •
• • •

50
40
30
20
10
0

_ ^ _ ^ _ ^ _ ^
— O i r t n g kinh g((jl( u r n )

30

60

90

120

150

- Van toe gipt.
- Nong dp cua d i u trong nude thai.

48 DAU KHf - 36 8/2010

Hinh 2. Su lien he giira phin tram cac giot diu
theo duang kinh giot


PETROVIETNAM

Hinh 2 la dd thj chi sy tuang quan giii'a s l lugng
cae gipt va p h i n tram ciia mdt trong nam kich thude
gipt eho mpt NTND quy \jpac. O l thj nay eho ehung ta
c i n quan tam tdi nhirng gipt d i u d day tir 30 - 60pm,
nhung s l lugng eua eae gipt d i u trong day kich thude

thi khdng nhlt thilt phan anh t h i tich eua dau trong
day dd. Cac gipt dau Idn chira nhiiu d i u han cae gipt
d i u nhd vi t h i tich d i u la ham s l luy thira 3 eua
dudng kinh gipt. O trong d l thj nay cung cho ta t h i y
sy biln doi cac gipt d i u vdi p h i n tram eiia tong t h i
tich d i u , d i i u nay eho ehung ta hilu bilt thyc t i i n han
v l nudc thai.
* Van tdc giot
Trpng lye la y l u t l cd y nghTa sd 1 trong viec tach
dIu/nude. Tieu chuin de xae djnh hieu qua cua he
thing la 2 van tic. Van toe noi cua d i u (V^j^) va van t i c
ciia ddng NTND(Vn;j(yc.) kl^i nudc thai di qua buing tach.

cac gipt dugc sinh ra do sy chenh lech v l ty trpng
heng giii'a d i u va nudc.
o l xac djnh ty trpng d i u trong NTND thi d n phai
bilt loai dau nao t i n tai trong nude thai. Thdng thudng
trong nude thai tap hgp nhiiu loai d i u khac nhau.
Khi khdng t h i bilt ehi tilt loai d i u nao t i n tai trong
nudc thai thi ta cd the gia thuylt d i u ton tai trong
nudc thai se cd ty trpng gan gilng vdi ty trpng ciia mpt
trong cac chit nhu: D i u thd, d i u d i t Id, d i u hda,
xang, benzen...[2].
* NhO twang diu trong nw&c thai nhiim

diu

Nhu tuang la mot hon hgp cua hai chit Idng khdng
t h i trpn l i n vdi nhau, trong dd cac hat nhd eua mot
trong hai chat Idng nay (la pha phan tan) phan b l ben

trong chit Idng khac (gpi la pha lien tuc).
Nhu tuang trong cdng nghiep d i u khi cd hai loai:
- Nhu tuang d i u trong nudc (Oil in water - OW).

1

- Nhu tuang nude trong d i u (Water in oil - WO).

,
Dau

Diiu vi ninVc

Nhu tuang d i u trong nude la d i i tugng de cap

.

eiia bai nay.
Uir&c

Vi>l„

•

n^

Vn>»*6

«»»

—*"^3

Hinh 3. Biiu diin duang di ciia cac giot diu trong mdt
budng luu ly tuang
Tu van toe d i u (V^iJ cd t h i xac djnh thdi gian
(T(J4U) c i n thilt eho cac gipt d i u noi len mat nudc hoae
d i n cae dTa ngung tu. N l u thdi gian T^^u nho han thdi
gian ciia nudc thai dugc luu trong thilt bj taeh (thdi
gian luu - Tnu,c,c)- Khi dd v l mat ly thuylt cac gipt d i u
se noi len mat nude va dugc thu gom.
Vn^,^,- bj chi phii bdi t i c dp ddng (Q) va kich thude
vat ly buIng chinh ciia thilt bi tach g i m : Chilu dai (L),
chilu rdng (W) va chilu cao (H). Thudng cac buIng
chinh dugc thilt k l theo hinh chir nhat.
Van t i c noi eiia cac gipt d i u khi xuyen qua nudc
bj chi phii ehinh bai djnh luat Stocker. Ngoai ra cdn cd
mdt s l m l i lien he thu- d p eung anh hudng dang ke
d i n van toe n l i ciia gipt nhu sy khuly trdn, sy ngung
tu, viec thao cac chat r I n khdi buIng tach va cae
chuyin dpng Brown.
Thdng thudng y^ku la '^d^ ^am chinh eua djnh luat
Stocker, nhu'ng m l i lien he nay lien quan tdi van toe

Nhu tuang dau trong nude dugc chia thanh 2 loai:
Nhu tuang b i n va nhu tuang khdng b i n .
- Nhu tuang b i n : Nhu tuang dugc hinh thanh khi
ed sy hien dien cua chit hoat dpng b l mat (nhu xa
phdng, cae chit hoat ddng b l mat...) trong NTND
hoae la nudc thai dugc hinh thanh d nhu'ng cdng
doan cd eae chuyin dpng r l i manh. Khdng the tach

d i u trong nhu tuang b i n ra khdi nude thai bing cac
cdng nghe taeh ca hpe thdng thudng. Nhu tuang d i u
loai nay phai dugc pha nhu bing hda chit hoae bing
cac phuang phap dien, dien tir khac...
- Nhu tuang khdng b i n ed t h i hieu dan gian la loai
nhu tuang ed t h i tach d i u ra khdi nudc thai bing cac
phuang phap ca hpe thdng thudng. Nhu tuang khdng
b i n vi nhu tuang khdng duge on dinh do chit hoat
ddng b l mat hoae do cae khuly dpng ca hpe manh va
thdng thudng nhO tuang khdng b i n dugc tao thanh tu'
cae hat d i u Idn han so vdi nhu tuang b i n .
Thdng thudng chung ta d n xac djnh loai nhu
tuang nao t i n tai trong NTND trudc khi dua ra quylt
djnh sir dung he thing taeh nao d l taeh chung ra
khdi NTND. Vien D i u khi My da phat then mpt
phuang phap d l xac djnh nhu tuang hda va phin
hda tan eua d i u trong NTND. Cd the tim phuang
phap nay d tai lieu: "Determining of Suceptibility to oil
Separation". Theo tai lieu nay thi mpt sd huong d i n
DAU KHi - s o 8/2010

49


A N T O A N - MOI T R U d N G D A U KHi

sau day cd the giup ta nhan bilt trang thai ciia nhu
tuang dau trong nudc:
- NhO'ng gipt d i u cd kich thude Idn thi nhu tuang
it b i n vO'ng.

- Cae gipt d i u ed dudng kinh nhd han 10pm thi se
tao ra nhu tuang b i n ngay ea khi khdng cd sy hien
dien eiia chit hoat ddng b l mat vi nhO'ng gipt d i u nhu
vay se n i l len b l mat NTND vdi t i c dp eye ky cham.
- N l u NTND duge l l y m i u va phan tieh lien tue se
eho ta thdng tin ring kich thude cac gipt d i u trong
NTND la khdng thay doi. Khi dd ta ed the khang djnh
nhu tuang eung se b i n b i t c h i p kich thude gipt d i u
Idn hay nhd.
* Kha nang tich dien cua nhO twang
Giira eae mat phan each eua t i t ea eae chit r I n va
chat Idng ton tai mdt dp chenh lech dien ddng hpe
duge gpi la dien t h i Zeta. Day la y l u t l ehinh lam cho
cae chit keo b i n vO'ng. Neu them vao nhiiu ion da
hda trj mang dien tieh ngugc chilu vdi eae hat keo thi
se xay ra hien tugng phdng dien Zeta di kem vdi hien
tugng sa lang keo.
Bo sung vao nudc thai cac ion ciia chit tao nhu se
lam euln hut b l mat phan each dIu/nudc va truyin
dien tieh duang hay am eho moi gipt. Muc dp k i t tu
eua eae gipt giam d i n khi lye day tTnh dien giira cac
hat tang len.
Cac gipt d i u trong nhu tuang dIu/nudc thudng
tich dien am nhu dugc md ta d ly thuylt dien trudng
2 Idp. 6" trang thai nhu vay, cac gipt d i u khi du'ng
canh hoae d r i t g i n vdi mat phan Idp cd tich dien
ngugc chieu (dien duang) thi chung se duge s l p x I p
song song vdi mat phan each va tao nen Idp dien
trudng ddi, dd chinh la nguyen nhan de cae gipt d i u
thudng d l y l i n nhau.

Thyc tien cho thiy viec phdng tranh sy tao thanh
nhu tuang trong NTND se t i t han la phat thin cac cdng
nghe tach nhu hO'u hieu. Mpt each d l phdng hu'u hieu
la giam thiiu t i i da lugng NTND bi khuly trdn manh. Vi
it bj khuly trpn manh se it cd ea hdi tao ra nhO'ng gipt
d i u ed kich thude qua nhd, dau se de dang taeh ra
khdi NTND. Khi khong t h i tranh dugc sy khuly trpn
manh thi cung nen tranh sy hien dien ciia chit hoat
ddng be mat trong NTND. Oilu nay cung cd nghTa se
tao ra nhu'ng gipt d i u cd kich thude Idn.
5 0 DAU K H I - 3 0 8/2010

* Nong dd diu trong nw&c thai nhiim diu [3]
Mpt trong cac each phan doan he thing tacii
dIu/nude ed hoat dpng t i i uu khdng la khao sat nong
dp d i u trong nude thai sau khi duge xir ly. N l u nu'ac
thai sau khi qua he thing xir ly cdn chira lugng dau
han lOOppm thi ed t h i coi he thing nay khdng dat yeu
d u . Trong khi viec bilt nong dp d i u trong nudc thai
da xir ly de phan doan kha nang van hanh ciia thiet bj
thi viec bilt duge n i n g dp d i u trong nude thai cin xi)
ly se giup ta ed nhu'ng quylt dinh quan trpng nhu can
hay khdng d n cac thilt bj xir ly dae biet d l thu hoi dau
tu' nudc thai va n l u cau tra Idi la cd thi cd t h i lya chgn
thilt bj cu t h i nao d l tham gia xir ly?.
M u l n xac djnh ham lugng d i u trong nude thi miu
d n phai giri tdi cac phdng thi nghiem chuyen nganh
d l phan tieh. Cue mdi trudng My (EPA) dua ra hai
phuang phap de xae djnh ham lugng d i u md va chat
beo (FOG) trong nudc thai:

- Xac djnh bang phuang phap khoi lugng (phuang
phap 413.1).
- Xae dinh b i n g
(phuang phap 413.2).

phuang phap h i n g ngoai
J

Viec lya chpn ap dung phuang phap phan tich
nao d l phan tich mau tuy thupc nhirng thdng so ta can
thu thap va yeu d u ve dp chinh xac ciia cac gia trj mk\
ta d n cd.
1.2. Cong nghe taeh vi song de xw ly nhu tuvni
i
dau/nw&e
1.2.1. Khai quat cdng nghe tach vi sdng
NhO'ng khai quat v l cdng nghe tach dugc trirr
bay dudi day chii y l u tham khao tir san pham d$
quyin cua Cdng ty nghien eiru phat then thu hoi d l
khi Hoang Gia - IPRC (Houston - Texac, Hoa Kjf
Cdng nghe taeh vi sdng da duge IPRC cho thi
nghiem tai hien trudng cua Nha may Igc d i u Torrance
ciia Exxon Mobil d California va dua vao sir dung trer
pham vi toan c l u thong qua mdt hgp d i n g thuang m^
giO'a IPRC va Exxon - Mobil. Ngay nay cac thilt bj t^c
vi sdng da dugc Exxon - Mobil va cac cong ty dau kh
khac su' dung nhu la mpt trong cac phuang tien phi
nhu chinh cua cdng nghiep d i u khi.
Nhu tuang dIu/nudc hoae nhu tuang nudc/dli»
cd s i n trong d i u va nudc thai d eae nha may Ipc ho

PETROVIETNAM

^''^wilii

dau va trong nudc khai thae, trong d i u duge khai thae. Oac
d i l m eua chung la ban d i u nhu tuang t i n tai vdi khii lugng
nhd va de xCr ly, theo thdi gian ehung tieh tu lai, gia tang v l
t h i tich va viec xir ly chung se khd khan han. N l u nhu tuang
khdng duge xCr ly thi se dua tdi sy m i t mat hydrocaebon va
gay ra sy d nhiem nguln nudc thai. Ngoai ra n l u nhu tuang
dIu/nudc di qua b l mat cac thilt bj thi chung se lam hu hdng
hay t i c nghen thiet bj dd. Nhu tuang cdn gay ra hien tugng
an mdn va bao mdn thiet bj lam gia tang viec tieu thu nang
lugng. Vi vay nhu tuang se lam gia tang viec bao tri va bao
dudng thiet bj. Chinh vi the, viec xir ly triet d l nhu tuang
dIu/nude se dem lai Igi ich to Idn v l mdi trudng va nang
lugng.
Cac nhu tuang dau/nude thudng rat ben vQng va khd
tach. Thdng thudng phai xir ly nhu tuang bing nhiet dp cao,
bing hoa chit, bing cac ky thuat tach ca hpe truyen thing
hoae bang viec k i t hgp cac phuang phap nay vdi nhau (xem
phin tong quan d tren). Thdng thudng gia thanh xa ly nhu
tuang dIu/nudc kha t i n kem n l u sir dung cac phuang phap
xir ly da neu d tren.
Cac thiet bj tach vi sdng van hanh lien tuc, g i n nhu khdng
d n giam sat va chung ed the van hanh ddng thdi vdi nhiiu
ddng thai vdi ham lugng chat ran khac nhau. Thiet bj tach vi
sdng vi vay ed t h i canh tranh cd hieu qua vdi cac thilt bj tach

truyin thing khac de xCr ly nhu tuang d i u trong nudc thai cua
edng nghiep d i u khi.
1.2.2. Dac diim va tinh nang chinh cua cdng nghe tach vi
sdng
Cdng nghe taeh vi sdng eung d p mdt cdng nghe xir ly
nhO tuang mdt each nhanh chdng vdi gia thanh ha. Nhung Igi
ich ma edng nghe tach vi sdng dem lai eho ngudi sir dung cdn
Idn han nhiiu so vdi chi phi phai bd ra vi:
- Cai tiin dugc khau van hanh thilt bj;
- Giam gia thanh;
- Sinh Igi nhiiu, rut ngan thdi gian hoan von.
Cdng nghe tach vi sdng khac biet vdi cac phuong phap
tach thdng thudng khac vi chung sii' dung phuong phap vat ly

DAU KHi - S6 8/2010

51


A N TOAN - MOI T R U d N G oAU KHI

de pha vd sy b i n vO'ng cua nhu tuang t i t han so vdi
phuang phap hoa hpe. Cdng nghe taeh vi sdng sir
dung sy rung nhanh eiia trudng dien - dien tu" va mpt
ai lye d l nap nang lugng lya chpn cho eae p h i n tir
phan eye, ma chung ehinh la nguyen nhan tao ra sy
b i n vO'ng cho cac b l mat phan each giira eae hat
dIu/nude. O i l u nay se giup be g l y sy be virng ciia
nhu tuang dIu/nudc.
Cdng nghe taeh vi sdng cd the van hanh ty ddng

hoan toan vdi quy trinh dan gian nen khdng nhlt thilt
phai d n sy ed mat thudng xuyen eua nhan vien van
hanh, vi t h i se lam giam gia thanh xir ly ciia mdt m3
nudc thai nhiem d i u . Dae biet thilt bj tach vi sdng ed
t h i de dang lap dat d nhiing nai k l can vdi nguon
phat sinh nhu tuang nen viee xCr ly nhu tuang se
nhanh chdng, de dang va d i i u nay cdn dem lai nhiiu
Igi ich khac nira.
Vi cac thilt bj taeh vi sdng cd the dat tryc t i i p d
eae phan xudng cua cae nha may Ipe hoa - diu... d l
xir ly nhu tuang dIu/nude, d i i u nay se giam thiiu
khii lugng nhu tuang dugc tao thanh them n l u cac
thilt bj xir- ly nhu tuang thdng thudng khac duge dat
d nhO'ng nai tach biet vdi cac phan xudng.
2. Thiet ke, che tao thiet bj thi nghiem pha nhu
tu'O'ng dau/nu'6'c cua nu'O'c thai nhiem dau
2.1. Cau tao va nguyen ly van hanh cua thiet bj
pha nhu twang dau/nw&e bang vi song dien tir
Mdi he thing tach vi sdng bao gdm:
- Thilt bj tach vi sdng chuyen dung (da cd bing
sang ehi);
- Ngudn phat vi sdng;
- Ong dan sdng va bd dd sdng;
- Thilt bj do va ty ddng hoa;
- May bam;
- Bp tach (nlu d n ) ;
- Quan trae an toan & he thdng ty ddng ket noi.
52 OAU KHI - s o 8'2010

Hinh 4. Sa dd bd phan chinh ciia he thiit bi tach vi sdng

He t h i n g edng nghe taeh vi sdng sir dung thiet
bj taeh vi sdng chuyen dung d l hpi tu vi sdng hoae
nang lugng dai t i n s l radio vao mdt nhu tuang va
pha vd sy b i n vii'ng cua nhu tuang. Hinh 4 la sa d l
bp phan ehinh ciia thilt bj tach vi sdng. Vi sdng
duge tao ra tir mdt thilt bj phat vi sdng thuang mai
va duge dua qua mpt dudng truyln/dd sdng ty
ddng de tdi thilt bj tach vi sdng chuyen dung. Thilt
bj truyln/dd sdng ty ddng vi sdng duge thilt k l va
c h i tao tir loai vat lieu cd dp phan xa eao, khdng
nhiim tu" va ed t h i cho phep han 99% nang lugng
duge truyin tu' may phat (vi sdng) tdi thilt bi tach vi
sdng vdi nang lugng bj tieu hao hoae quay trd lai
may phat la r i t nhd.
NhO tuang ben dIu/nudc duge dan vao thilt bj
tach vi sdng, nai cd mpt cira so truyin d i n vi sdng
cho phep nang lugng vi sdng di qua tu' may phat tdi
nhu tuang d n xir ly. Nang lugng vi sdng duge hip
thu uu tien bdi cac vat lieu phan eye, d i i u nay dugc
tinh toan sao cho thilt bi tach vi sdng chi cd hieu qua
duy nhlt trong viec xu" ly cae nhu tuang cdn nhiet dp
t i n g t h i thi duge nang len d mdt chu'ng myc nao dd.
Nang lugng vi sdng se lam thay d i i sire cang b l mat
va dp nhdt eua cac pha d i u - nude va lam nhu tuang
trd nen kem b i n vO'ng. Nhu tuang kem b i n vO'ng khi
dd se dugc dua tdi bp taeh thdng thudng. Cac cdng
nghe taeh thdng thudng dugc sir dung cho viec nay
Trong mdt s l trudng hgp, viec taeh trpng lye binh
thudng dugc sir dung. Ngoai ra cung ed t h i dung
cac phuang phap tach bo sung chang han nhu tach

ly tam, tuy nhien ddi khi dung phuang phap tach bo
sung qua manh s§ gay hieu qua x l u d i n phuang
phap tach vi sdng [5].


PETROVIETNAM

Cdng nghe taeh vi sdng dung nang lugng dien tir
d t i n s l 915 MHz. Do dae tinh heng v l dien va tir,
edng nghe taeh vi sdng se h i p thu uu tien d i i vdi
pha nudc phan eye han la pha d i u khdng phan eye.
Cung eung vdi nhirng ly do d tren ma nang lugng
dien tu' nay cung chpn Ipc manh me d l lam gia tang
cudng lye cua cae phan tir phan eye, cac nhdm
chirc va cac chit rIn tieh dien, chung chinh la tae
nhan giup eho viec on djnh b l mat phan each eua
nhu tuang dIu/nudc. Sy ehuyen dpng gay ra tir cac
chit hoat ddng b l mat trong trudng dao ddng dien
tu' la nguyen nhan lam thay doi sire cang b l mat va
lam cho nhu tuang trd nen kem ben viing. Nhu da
d l cap d tren, viec gia tang nhiet dp tong t h i eua cae
chit thudng d 50°F hoae t h i p han, cdn nhiet dp ben
ngoai duge giir d dudi 200°F. Thilt bj duge van
hanh d ap suit t h i p 20 - 50psig. O l tang cudng tinh
hieu qua va mire dp linh hoat cua cae thilt bj tach vi
sdng, eae thilt bj nay khi hoat ddng d hien trudng cd
t h i k i t hgp sir dung vdi cae phuang tien djch vu
chung nhu dien, nudc lanh, ddng hai nhiet, khi nita,
khdng khi nen... d cae nha may Ipc hoa d i u hoae
cac ca sd san xult, nai ma he thing taeh vi sdng

dugc l i p dat va van hanh.
Cac thilt bj tach vi sdng cdn dugc trang bj mpt
he thing kilm tra toan dien va he thing taeh vi sdng
ed t h i dugc giam sat tir xa bdi nhan vien van hanh
thilt bj.
2.2. Xae djnh eae thong so van hanh eua eong
nghe
Sau khi thilt bj tach vi sdng da dugc c h i tao
hoan chinh v l mat ea khi, dien va dien tu' thi v i n d l
cdn lai la xac djnh cae thdng s l van hanh ciia thilt bj
ma ta ed the d i i u khiin trong qua trinh thu' nghiem
tach cae m i u nude thai cd chira nhu tuang d i u nudc sau nay.
Theo tai lieu tham khao va dya vao nguyen ly van
hanh ciia edng nghe tach vi sdng thi 3 thdng s l ky
thuat sau day ciia thilt bi la ed anh hudng nhiiu nhlt
doi vdi qua trinh taeh nhO tuang d i u nude cua thilt
bj ma Chung ta d n quan tam. Cac thdng s l dd la:
- Thdi gian tach: Day la y l u to anh hudng manh
tdi hieu suit tach d i u ciia thilt bj. Thilt bj taeh vi
sdng ma ehung tdi e h i tao ed t h i thyc hien qua trinh

tach nhu tuang d i u nudc d i n 99 phut.
- Nhiet dp thi nghiem: La kha nang diiu chfnh
nhiet dp eua mau thir nghiem ma thilt bj taeh ehung
tdi cd t h i tao ra. Nhiet dp mau nudc thai thir nghiem
cang cao thi thudng viec tach nhu tuang dIu/nudc
trong m i u cang hieu qua. Tuy nhien trong thyc te,
viee xae djnh nhiet dp thich hgp cua mau nudc thai
khi tiin hanh taeh vi sdng cdn phu thupc vao tinh
kinh te cua qua trinh taeh. Cd nghTa la thiet bj tach

chi d n dua nhiet dp m i u nude thai len d mot nhiet
dp vii-a phai de it t i n kem nang lugng tieu thu ma
van dam bao hieu qua tach la du. Thilt bj tach ma
chung tdi c h i tao ed the diiu khien nhiet dp mau
nude thai thir nghiem tu' nhiet dp mdi trudng len d i n
100°C.
- Cdng suit ciia thilt bj: La edng suit eua may
phat nang lugng vi sdng va la mpt thdng s l quan
trpng anh hudng d i n hieu suit tach d i u eiia thilt
bi. Do viec c h i tao thiet bj nhIm muc dich thi
nghiem nen thilt bi cua chung tdi cd 3 mire cdng
s u i t cd t h i van hanh khi thir nghiem la 0,5 KW, 1,0
KW va 1,5 KW.
3. ThCc nghiem tach nhu tu'ang dau/nu'6'c bang vi
song dien tif va Phu'O'ng phap tuyen noi ket hgp
chat pha nhu
3.1. Thir

nghiem

3.1.1. Khao sat hieu suit tach diu cua thiit bi tach vi
sdng
- Hieu suit tach d i u : P% = lugng d i u {mg/l da
tach) X 100% lugng (mg/l ban diu).
Cae mau nhu tuang d i u trong nude dua vao
thilt bj tach vi sdng d l thir nghiem kha nang taeh
eiia thilt bi. Sau dd tiin hanh xac djnh ham lugng
d i u cdn lai bing phuang phap phan tich quang pho
tir ngoai.
Cd 4 thdng s l ehinh sau day se dugc dua vao

thi nghiem de khao sat kha nang tach d i u cua thiet
bj taeh vi sdng:
- Thdi gian tach (giay);
- Nhiet dp (OC);
- Cdng suit ciia thilt bj tach vi sdng (KW);
-pH.
DAU KHt - 3 6 8/2010

53


Hl^u suit tich d i u theo thM gian

60

o l khao sat cae thdng sd thi nghiem nham xae
djnh c h i dp lam viec toi uu, ehung tdi c l djnh ham
lugng d i u trong nude thai d n i n g dp 150mg/l. Day la
ning dp ma he nhu thudng b i n nhat d NTND cua cac
nha may Ipe hda d i u [4] va viee khao sat sy phu thupc
giua hieu suit tach d i u eua thilt bj tach vi sdng vdi
ndng dp dau trong nude thai se dugc thyc hien rieng
biet va se dugc trinh bay d phin t i i p theo. Ngoai ra
the tich mau nude thai (gia dinh) d l thi nghiem c l djnh
d the tieh 200ml.

70
Th6f gian (s|

Do thj 1. Hieu suit tach diu ciia thiet bi tach vi sdng

va thai gian tach
* Khao sat hieu suit tach diu phu thude vao cdng
suit cua thiit bi
Hieu suit tach d i u phu thude vao edng suit cua
thilt bj tach vi sdng duge trinh bay d O l thj 2.
H l ^ u s u A t t A c h dAu t t i « o c A n g suAt

o l khao sat sy lien he giO'a hieu suit taeh ciia
thilt bj taeh vi sdng vdi 4 thdng s l neu tren chung tdi
se c l djnh 3 thdng sd va thay d i i mdt thdng sd d n
khao sat eu t h i .
- Khao sat sy lien he eiia thdi gian tach vdi hieu
suit tach, ehung tdi e l djnh: pH = 7, nhiet dp = 550C,
cdng suit taeh = 1,5 KW cdn thdi gian taeh dugc thay
doi tir 30 - 75 giay.

C«na * ^ t (KWn

- D l khao sat sy lien he giO'a cdng suit taeh eua
thiet bj vdi hieu suat taeh chung tdi phai cd djnh: pH 7, nhiet dp = 550C, thdi gian 40 giay, cdn cdng suit
taeh dugc thay doi tu' 0,5 - 1,5 KW.

Do thj 2. Hieu suit tach diu phu thude vao cdng suat
ciia thiit bi tach vi sdng

- Sy lien he giiia hieu qua taeh vdi nhiet dp thi
ehung tdi c l djnh cdng suit eiia thilt bj taeh la b i n g
1,5 KW, thdi gian la 40 giay, pH = 7, cdn nhiet dp eua
nude thai chira d i u duge thay doi tir 35 - 80^0.

Hieu s u i t tach d i u phu thupc vao nhiet dp ciia
thilt bj tach vi sdng dugc trinh bay d D l thj 3.

Va d l khao sat mdi lien he giO'a hieu suat tach cua
thilt bj vdi pH eiia nude thai thi nghiem chung tdi c l
djnh cac thdng s l : Cdng suit eiia thilt bj tach 1,5 KW,
nhiet dp cua mau nude thai thi nghiem la 550C, thdi
gian tach giu' c l djnh d 40 giay va pH eua mau nudc
thai thir nghiem dugc thay doi til' 6,0 - 8,0.

* Khao sat hieu suit tach diu phu thude nhiet do

H i « U s u At

tdc h d^u t h e o n t i l ^ dO
1

£

;

•<=• aa.a

t
94

92

1

1

* Khao sat hieu suat tach dau phu thude thai gian
Tu'ong qiian giu'a hieu suit taeh d i u cua thilt bj
tach vi song va iho i gian tach dugc trinh bay d Od thj 1.

Do thi 3. BiSu diSn hieu suat tach diu phu thuoc vao
nhiet do cua thiSt bi tach vi song


PETROVIETNAM

* Khao sat hieu suit tach diu phu thude vao pH
Do thj 4 di kem bieu dien hieu suit taeh d i u tir
NTND ciia thilt bj tach vi sdng vdi dp pH eiia nude thai.
Hlf u suit tAch d i u theo pH

cua thiet bi tach vi sdng da c h i tao thi ngoai cae
nghien cu'u m l i tuang quan giO'a tinh hieu qua taeh
d i u ciia thilt bj taeh vi sdng vdi cac thdng s l nhu:
Cdng suit eiia thilt bj taeh, thdi gian tach, dp pH va
nhiet dp eua nudc thai thi nghiem da duge nghien eiru
thi nghiem va cho chung tdi lya chpn duge 4 k i t qua
tuang u'ng vdi 4 thdng s l tren tuang quan vdi hieu
qua taeh d i u t i i uu ciia thilt bj tach vi sdng.
Nghien cuu thir nghiem d l khao sat hieu qua tach
dau ciia thilt bj taeh vi sdng vdi cae vung ning dp d i u
chira trong nudc thai thi nghiem.
o l thyc hien thi nghiem nay ehung tdi c l djnh cac
thdng s l thir nghiem sau:

- Thdi gian taeh 40 giay;
- Nhiet dp thi nghiem 55°C;

Do thi 4. Hieu suat taeh dau tu NTND cua thiet bi
tach vi sdng vol do pH
Nhan xet kit qua thi nghiem [1]:
Qua khao sat thi nghiem thu duge thi hieu suit
tach d i u eua thilt bj tach vi sdng dat hieu qua t i i uu
d eae dieu kien thi nghiem sau:
- Thdi gian taeh 40 giay;
- Nhiet dp thi nghiem 55°C;
-Cdng suit thilt bj 1,5 KW;
- pH = 6.
Rieng vdi pH, d d i i u kien pH = 6,0 thi hieu qua
tach d i u ciia thilt bj cd eao han dieu kien pH = 7,0. Vi
trong d i u md cac hgp chit oxy hda la cac chit hoat
ddng b l mat ty nhien mang ban s i c nhu cac nhdm
eaeboxylic (RCOO', OH"), khi thay d i i pH se d i n d i n
thay d i i hoat tinh b l mat eiia nd. Cac nhdm nay khi d
mdi trudng kilm thi t h i hien rd net cac tinh chit eiia
chit hoat ddng be mat. Khi mdi trudng chuyin v l vung
axit han thi hoat tinh b l mat cua nd giam di va cd the
mit hIn. Tuy nhien trong thyc t l khi xir ly nude thai
nen dua v l mdi trudng trung tinh de tranh phirc tap
cho thilt bj xir ly va d nhiim bae 2 vi vay ehpn pH = 7.
* Khao sat mdi twang quan giO'a hieu suit tach diu
cua thiit bi tach vi sdng v&i ham Iwgng diu (dang nhO
twang diu/nw&c) trong nw&c thai
Nghien ciru cac dac trung cua NTND thi nong dp
d i u trong nude thai la mdt thdng s l quan trpng de

nghien cu'u, danh gia hieu qua tach va thu hoi d i u cua
bit ky loai thilt bj nao du la ea hpe, hda hpe hay vat
ly... Vi vay d l nghien cu'u va danh gia hieu qua taeh

-Cdng suit thilt bj 1,5 KW;
- p H = 7.
B i n thdng s l c l djnh nay tuang irng hieu qua taeh
d i u t i i uu eua thilt bj tach vi sdng. Va t h i tich m i u
nudc thai thir nghiem van giii' 200ml cho mpt l i n thir
nhu eae thir nghiem d phin tren. Rieng vdi ning dp
d i u (dang nhu tuang diu) d trong m i u nudc thai thir
nghiem dugc thay doi tu' 20 - 470mg/l vdi mire thay
d i i la 10mg/l eho mdi mau nudc thai each biet va nhu
vay ehung ta se cd 46 m i u nude thai chira d i u vdi
cac ning dp khac nhau eho thir nghiem nay. T i t ea
cae mau nudc thai thi nghiem nay sau khi thyc hien
viec tach d i u bing thilt bi taeh vi sdng thi d i u dugc
dua qua thilt bj tach phu trg la ly tam. Sau dd m i u
nudc thai thi nghiem duge chuyin qua bd phan phan
tich d l phan tich ham lugng d i u trong nudc thai.
D l thj 5 bilu diln hieu suit tach d i u ciia thilt bj
tach vi sdng phu thude vao ham lugng d i u eua nude
thai dugc xa ly.
Hi^usu^ttich diu theo n6ng d$
100

Z
2

94

—••••>

S 92
90
0

100 120

200

280 300

400
500
NAng(50dlu/ra.rt'c(mg/l)

Do thj 5. Hieu suit tach diu ciia thiit bi tach vi sdng
phu thuoc vao ham luang diu

DAU KHi - S6 8/2010

55


A N TOAN - MOI T R U d N G DAU KHI

Nhan xet kit qua thi nghiem:
Hieu suit taeh d i u cua thilt bj taeh vi sdng dat
hieu s u i t taeh rit t i t d i i vdi nude thai cd ham lugng

d i u tu' 20 - 470mg/l. Hieu suit tach t h i p nhlt la
94% va hieu suit cao nhlt dat tdi 98,5% (day la k i t
qua thanh cdng ngoai mong dgi). Tir k i t qua khao
sat m l i tuang quan giO'a hieu suit tach d i u ciia
thiet bj tach vi sdng vdi ning dp d i u (dudi dang nhu
tuang hda) ed t h i khing djnh:
- Sir dung thilt bi tach vi sdng k i t hgp vdi
phuang phap tach phu trg khac ma cu t h i d day
chung tdi sir dung phuang phap ly tam, ta cd t h i
hoan toan xa ly nudc thai chira d i u vdi ning dp dau
trong nudc thai ban d i u dat tdi 500mg/l dat tieu
chuin thai cho NTND d vung bien xa bd. Do han
che v l thdi gian va kinh phi nen thi nghiem nay ehi
dung d ning dp d i u trong nude thai t i i da 470mg/l
va ning dp d i u tuang irng trong m i u nudc thai sau
khi xa ly chi cdn 23,47mg/l, each kha xa tieu chuan
thai cho phep 40mg/l, cd nghTa vdi m i u nudc thai
chira ham lugng dau Idn han 470mg/l van ed t h i
duge xir ly bing ky thuat tach vi sdng de dat dugc
tieu chuin d i u trong nudc thai thap han quy djnh
cho phep.
Qua do thj dugc xay dyng tir k i t qua khao sat
v l m l i tuang quan giO'a hieu suit taeh d i u cua thilt
bj taeh vi sdng va ning dp d i u trong nudc thai, cd
the ngoai suy va dy doan cho ngudng nong dp d i u
eye dai eho phep cd t h i chira trong nudc thai d l xir
ly b i n g phuang phap taeh vi sdng dat ning dp thai
cho phep khoang 500mg/l.
- Rieng d i i vdi nudc thai ed chira ham lugng
d i u 280mg/l thi sir dung phuang phap tach vi

sdng cd t h i cho ta k i t qua r i t I n tugng la hoan
toan dap irng tieu c h u i n thai ra mdi trudng d trong
d i t l i l n . O i l u nay cung ed nghTa nong dp d i u trong
nude thai sau khi xa ly bang ky thuat tach vi sdng
chi eon 5mg/l.
o l i vdi nhu-ng mau nudc thai cd chira ham
lugng d i u >280 mg/l thi cd t h i d n phai thyc hien
viec xa ly bae 2 cOng b i n g chinh phuang phap tach
vi sdng nay hoae b i n g mpt phuang phap tach khac
de dat tieu chuan thai ra mdi trudng theo quy djnh
ciia phap luat hien hanh.
56 DAU K H I ^ 3 0 8/2010

- Cac NTND n l u duge xij ly p h i n can va cac tap
chit ea hpe khac mpt each triet de thi sau khi xu ly
ham lugng d i u b i n g ky thuat vi sdng, ta ed the tai
sir dung nudc thai qua xir ly nay vao muc dieh khac
nhu nude tuIn hoan hay nudc lam mat ...va dac
biet nhii'ng nai cd nguln nudc thai Idn thi lugng
d i u thu h i i dugc tir ky thuat tach vi sdng la dang ke,
gdp phin vao viec tang Igi nhuan eiia ea sd cd
nguln nudc thai.
- Nhirng k i t qua thu dugc va trinh bay d day
d i u duge thi nghiem eho eae mau nudc thai thir
nghiem dan thuin 2 pha nudc va d i u . Trong thyc
t l , cac m i u nudc thai cdn chira cae chit rIn, can la
Iirng va nhieu tap c h i t khac. NhO'ng tap chit nay ed
t h i tac ddng va lam giam p h i n nao hieu qua taeh
cua thilt bj tach vi sdng. Tuy nhien, sy anh hudng
cua cac tap chit neu tren se khdng lam anh hudng

Idn d i n hieu qua, k i t qua khao sat da thu duge. Vi
vay nhO'ng nhan xet neu tren la khdng thay d i i .
3.2. Khao sat hieu qua taeh dau (dang nhu twang
hoa) eiia phwang phap tuyen noi
Oe nhirng s l lieu thyc nghiem cho phep so sanh
va danh gia hieu qua tach d i u ciia phuang phap
tach vi sdng vdi cac phuang phap taeh khac, chung
tdi da thyc hien viec tach cac m i u nhu tuang diu
nudc theo phuang phap tuyen noi.
Tuyln noi la phuang phap kha pho biln dugc
dung d l tach d i u ra khdi nudc thai, thdng thudng
phuang phap tuyln noi muon dat hieu qua tach cao
cOng d n cd nhO'ng tac nhan khac ho trg. Vi t h i de
thyc hien viec taeh d i u trong eae m i u nudc thai thir
nghiem, chung tdi ehpn phuang phap tuyen noi
bing khdng khi hda tan (DAF) vdi tae nhan phu trg
la c h i t pha nhO duge them vao m i u thu' vdi cac
n i n g dp khac nhau. V l mat ly thuylt phuang phap
tuyln noi nay cho phep tach cac gipt d i u nhd tdi
1pm. Cae mau nudc thai thir nghiem d phuang
phap tuyln n l i eung duge chuan bj gilng nhu cae
m i u nude thai thir nghiem cho phuang phap tach vi
sdng. Cung tuang ty nhu cac thir nghiem da thyc
hien d p h i n khao sat hieu qua tach d i u ciia phuang
phap vi sdng, d p h i n khao sat hieu qua tach d i u
bing phuang phap tuyln noi, chung tdi t i i n hanh
khao sat d l lya chpn cac d i i u kien van hanh t i i uu


PETROVIETNAM

ciia phuang phap tuyln noi nay, cu t h i la cae thdng
s l : pH cua mau thir, khao sat lugng chit pha nhu va
thdi gian tach m i u d n thilt.
* Kit qua khao sat, lwa chon cae thdng so thi
nghiem toi wu
K i t qua khao sat hieu suit taeh d i u ciia phuang
phap tuyln n l i lien quan tdi pH, lien quan tdi thdi gian
tach, lien quan tdi ham lugng c h i t pha nhu chpn eae
thdng s l t i i uu sau:
- pH = 7;
- Thdi gian tach = 50 phut;
- Ning dp chit pha nhO = 20mg/l;
Vdi pH = 6,5 cho hieu suit tach d i u cao nhlt
nhung chpn pH = 7.
Sau khi da khao sat va lya ehpn eae thdng s l thi
nghiem tdi uu cho cae d i i u kien van hanh eua
phuang phap t u y l n noi la pH, thdi gian tach va ndng
dp ciia chit pha nhu, ta t i i n hanh thi nghiem d l khao
sat sy tuang quan giira hieu s u i t taeh d i u eiia
phuang phap t u y l n noi vdi n i n g dp d i u trong m i u
nude thai thir nghiem.
Thi nghiem dugc thyc hien bang each giii' e l djnh
cac thdng s l pH = 7, thdi gian tach = 50 phut va ham
lugng chit pha nhu = 20mg/l. Cdn ham lugng d i u cua
miu nude thai dugc thay d i i tii' 20 - 470 mg/l va mdi
lin each biet tu' m i u nay d i n m i u k l can la 10 mg/l.
Thir nghiem dugc tiin hanh khao sat d l xae djnh hieu
qua taeh d i u cua phuang phap tuyln noi vdi ning dp
d i u trong m i u nude thai. K i t qua khao sat so sanh

vdi phuang phap vi sdng dien t h i hien d O l thj 6.
S o sAnh hl^u suAt tAch dAu ttieo h A m luMpno d^u/ninirc
giOa p h i v o ^ g p h A p vi s O n g vA phu>o.ng p h A p tuyAn n 6 l

- Cd the thiy kha rd rang phuang phap tuyen noi
(DAF) ed them chit pha nhu la phuang phap taeh va
thu hoi d i u trong nudc thai d dang nhu tuang tuyet
vdi trong vung ning dp d i u trong nude thai tu 20mg/l
d i n 470mg/l.
- Nhirng gi da dugc nhan xet cho thi nghiem
tuang ty doi vdi phuang phap taeh vi sdng thi eung
hoan toan cd t h i van dung de nhan xet eho hieu qua
taeh d i u ciia phuang phap tach nhu tuang d i u
trong nudc thai theo phuang phap tuyen noi (OAF)
cd them hda c h i t pha nhu. Ca 2 phuang phap tach
d i u tir nudc thai nay cd t h i vu-a dap irng y l u t l yeu
cau xir ly d l dap irng tieu ehuan thai ra mdi trudng
ma cdn dap irng kha nang thu h i i d i u tu' nudc thai
nhiem d i u phuc vu tieu ehi phat trien b i n vii'ng trong
san xult.
Tu" k i t qua tren ed t h i nhan xet nhu sau:
- Hieu suit taeh d i u ciia ea 2 phuang phap vi
sdng va tuyln n i l d i u rat tuyet vdi cho vung ndng dp
d i u trong nudc thai tir 20mg/l d i n dudi 500 mg/l.
- Chi ed sy khac biet r i t nhd v l hieu suit tach ciia
2 phuang phap taeh d i u nay d vung ning dp ban d i u
va vung ning dp culi. Vung ning dp d i u 20 - 40 mg/l
thi hieu suit taeh eua phuang phap tuyln noi cao han
mpt chut so vdi phuang phap vi sdng. Cdn d vung
ning dp cuoi 420 - 470 mg/l thi hieu suit tach cua

phuang phap vi sdng trpi han so phuang phap tuyln
n i l . Oilu nay eung trung hgp vdi cac nghien cuu khac
v l phuang phap tuyln n l i la cho hieu suit tach khdng
duge t i t khi ning dp dIu/nude > 500mg/l.
- Cd t h i xem hieu suit tach d i u eua phuang phap
tach vi sdng tuang ty vdi phuang phap tuyln noi
truyin thong. Viec so sanh hai phuang phap nay se
cdn duge d l cap d i n cae khia canh: Gia thanh xa ly,
mire dp phirc tap khi van hanh thilt bj eOng nhu sy
yeu d u bao dudng thilt bj...(se dugc d l cap d bai
bao khac).
Ket luan

4O0
500
Htm lu^ng cliu/niJ.«.c (nig/l>

Do thj 6. Hieu qua tach dau (dang nhu tuang) cua phuang
phap tach vi sdng va phuang phap tuyin noi (DAF)

Qua k i t qua thir nghiem cdng nghe vi sdng de
tach nhu tuang dlu/nudc trong nude thai nhiim d i u
tren thilt bi taeh vi sdng ty e h i tao. Chung tdi cd the
khang djnh ring thilt bj tach vi sdng cd kha nang tach
va thu h i i d i u dudi dang nhu tuang dlu/nudc vdi
DAU

KHi - 36 8/201 n

57

hieu qua cao, dap irng d l y du cac tieu chuin mdi
trudng ciia Viet Nam va khdng thua kem b i t ky
phuang phap tach va thu h i i d i u b i n g cac cdng nghe
truyin thing khac.
Ngoai ra, cac cdng nghe taeh vi sdng la edng
nghe tach vat ly nen bao toan dagc d i u d nhiim d l
tai sir dung. Cdng nghe tach vi sdng khong san sinh
bat ky cac san p h i m phu nao khac cd t h i gay d
nhiim thir d p nhu phuang phap tuyen noi DAF do
ed them phu gia pha nhu hay cac phuang phap xir ly
nhu tuang d l u / n u d c b i n g cdng nghe hda hpe. Ngoai
ra do thilt bj vi sdng gpn nhe, b i n ehic va van hanh
dan gian nen khdng ddi hdi mat b i n g rdng, d n it
nhan cdng van hanh, chi phi bao dudng thilt bj
t h i p . . . la nhirng uu viet v l kinh t l eua edng nghe nay
dem lai ma cac cdng nghe taeh truyin t h i n g khac
khdng cd. Chung tdi mong mudn va tin tudng r i n g
trong tuang lai g i n Viet Nam se sir dung rdng rai
edng nghe taeh vi sdng trong viec xir ly va thu hoi d i u
d nhiem trong nudc thai nhiim d i u gdp phin bao ve
hieu qua mdi trudng.

58 DAU KHi - 3 6 8/2010

Tai lieu tham khao
1. Le Thj Phugng va nnk. Xir ly nw&e thai bSngi
phwang phap vi sdng dien tir de thu hoi diu a thi nhu\
twang trong nw&c thai nhiim diu. Bao cao tong kit d |

tai nghien cu'u khoa hpe d p nganh 2008.
2. Steve King. Small Quantity Generator Dili
Wasterwater
Management
Study. Final Reporl
11/1999.
3. George R. Ahher. Put the Breaks on waste
water Emulsion. Biomin - Ine, 8/2008.
4. John N. Veenstra. Ph. D. P. E. Refinery waste
water Management Using Multiple. Angle Oil Wa^
Seperator. As paper presented at the Internation
Petroleum Environment Conference New Mexic
10/1998.
5. Kenneth R. Abison; David S. Me Caffeyjj
Microwave Separation Technology (MST). Effective
Seperation
Emulsions
to Reduce
Associate
Environmental
Impacts and Increase Processin
Capabilities. 9/2000. •