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Experiment
22
Molar Solubility,
Common-Ion Effect
Silver oxide forms a brown mudlike precipitate from a mixture of silver nitrate
and sodium hydroxide solutions.
• To determine the molar solubility and the solubility constant of calcium hydroxide
• To study the effect of a common ion on the molar solubility of calcium hydroxide
Objectives
The following techniques are used in the Experimental Procedure:
Techniques
Salts that have a very limited solubility in water are called slightly soluble (or “insoluble”) salts. A saturated solution of a slightly soluble salt is a result of a dynamic equilibrium between the solid salt and its ions in solution; however, because the salt is only
slightly soluble, the concentrations of the ions in solution are low. For example, in a
saturated silver sulfate, Ag2SO4, solution, the dynamic equilibrium between solid
Ag2SO4 and the Agϩ and SO42Ϫ ions in solution lies far to the left because of the low
solubility of silver sulfate:
Introduction
Ag2SO4(s) 7 2 Agϩ(aq) ϩ SO42Ϫ(aq)
Slightly soluble salt: a qualitative term
that reflects the very low solubility of
a salt