C 30 hop chat nhom chuc

1

R—G
VD1: Trong C6H5CH2OH thì C6H5CH2–

VD2: CH2=CHCH2—Cl + NaOH

CTCT
–X

CH2=CHCH2—OH + NaCl.

CTCT

–X

Tên nhóm

halogen

CH3Cl

halogen

(X = halogen)

Ancol

–O—H

–OH

CH3OH

O
–C—H

–CHO

CH3CHO

Axit
cacboxylic

O
–C—OH

–COOH

cacboxyl

CH3COOH

Este

O
–C—O–

–COO–

este

CH3COOCH3

–NH2

amin

CH3NH2

Amin

H
–N—H

1


1

3CH2OH
3CH2OH

A) CH3.

C) ONa.

3CHO
3CHO

CH3CH2ONa + ½H2.

là

B) OH.

2

+ Na

+ Ag2O

D) CHO.
CH3COOH + 2Ag.

là

A) CH3.
C) CH3COOH.

B) CHO.
D) OH.

3

3COOH
3COOH

+ NaOH

CH3COONa + H2O.

là

A) CH3.
C) COONa.

B) COOH.
D) CO.

A) HCOOC2H5.
C) CH3CH2COOH.

B) CH3CH2OH.
D) HCHO.

A) HCOOCH3.
C) CH3COOCH3.

B) CH3COOH.
D) CH3COOC2H5.

4

5

6
A) HCOOCH3, CH3CH2OH, CH3COOCH=CH2.
B) HCOOH, HCHO, HCOOCH3.
C) HCOOCH3, CH3COOCH3, CH3COOCH=CH2.
D) CH3COOH, CH2=CHCOOH, C6H5COOCH3.

7
A) CH3CH2OH.
C) CH3COOH.
8

B) CH3CHO.
D) CH3COOCH3.
3COOH

là sai:

A) CH3COOH và HCOOCH3
B) CH3
C) CH3
D) CH3

2


2

•
•

VD3: CH3CH2OH, CH3COOH, …
VD4: CH2=CHCH2OH, HCOOCH=CH2, …
VD5: C6H5COOH, …

•

•
VD6: CH3OH, C6H5COOCH3, …
•
VD7: HOCH2CH2OH, (COOH)2, …
•
VD8: H2NCH2COOH, HOC–COOH, …

HOOC–CH2CH2–
A)
C)
A

B)
D)
2=CHCOOH.

X là axit

A)
B)
C)
D)
B

HOC

CHO

A)
B)

C)
D)
C

2–CHOH–CH2OH.

Z là ancol

A)
B)
C)
D)

3


3

k = kR + kG

R

–
và kG

VD9:
k = 1.

k

2

4

•
•

nH2n+2–2kOa.
nH2n+2–2k+bOaNb.

VD10:

kR = 1.
kG

k

3

•
nH2n–4O4.

D
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)

(h)
(i)
(j)

4


VD11:

2H3O.

2H3O)n

hay C2nH3nOn.

2 2n 3n
2
kR = 0.
có n nhóm CHO
k

1 và 2

k=2

Hãy xác

1

n

2

kG =n

1

1
k

n

2

4H6O2.

E

3H4O3.

A) C3H4O3.
C) C9H12O9.

B) C6H8O6.
D) C6H8O3.

F

2.

A) CHO2.

C) C2H2O4.

B) CH2O.
D) C4H4O8.

A) HCHO.
C) C2H2O2.

B) CHO.
D) C4H4O4.

G

5


O2

CnH2n+2–2kOa

to

nCO2 + (n+1–k)H2O

i TH1 :

nCO2

nH2O

n

n 1 k

k

1, mµ k > 0

i TH2 :

nCO2

nH2O

n

n 1 k

k

1

i TH3 :

nCO2

nH2O

n

n 1 k

k

1

k

0

H
(1) ankan.
(2) xicloankan.
(3) anken.
(4) ankin.
(6) ankylbenzen.
Chú ý

(a)

nCO

2

nH O .

(b)

nCO2

nH2O .

2

I
2
2

A) HCOOH.
C) CH3COOH.

B) (COOH)2.
D) CH2(COOH)2.

J
2

A) HCHO.
C) C2H2(CHO)2.

B) (CHO)2.
D) C2H3CHO.
6


Câu
1

B

Câu
B

C

2

B

C

C

3

B

4

D

D
E

B

5

B

F

C

6

C

G

C

7

B

8

C

H
I

A

9

B

J

A

A

A

D
(a) CnH2n+2O
(b) CnH2nO
(c) CnH2n+2O3
(d) CnH2n–2O2
(e) CnH2n–2O
(f) CnH2n–4O4
(g) CnH2nO2
(h) CnH2n–4O4
(i) CnH2n+3N
(j) CnH2n+2N2
H
(a) 2, 3, 8, 10, 13.
(b) 1, 7, 9

7