XÂY DỰNG NỀN GIÁO DỤC DÂN TỘC DÂN CHỦ Ở VÙNG CĂN CỨ CÁCH MẠNG TỈNH BÌNH DƯƠNG THỜI KỲ CHỐNG MỸ

XAY mjNG l\hi GIAO DIJC DAN XdC DAI\ CHU « VtWG
CAN Ctr CACH MANG TINH THU DAU MOT - BINH DlTONG
TRONG KHANG CHIEN CHONG MY (1954-1975)

NGUYEN VAN HIEP*

H

iep dinh ve cha'm dflt chie'n tranh,
lap lai hda binh b Ddng Dfldng
dfldc ky ngay 21-7-1954 tai Gendve, Thuy
Si; theo do, cac nflde tham dfl hdi nghi cam
ke't tdn trpng ehii quyen, dpc lap, thd'ng
nha't va toan ven lanh thd, khdng can thiep
vao edng viee ndi bd ciia ba nflde Ddng
Dfldng. Ldi dung thd't bai cua Phap, de' qud'e
My nhanh chdng trien khai am mflu xam
lUdc Viet Nam, bien miln Nam Viet Nam
thanh thupc dia kieu mdi va can cfl quan sfl
eiia My, ngan ehan anh hfldng ciia chu
nghia cpng san va phong trao giai phong
dan tdc dang lan rdng b khu vfle Dong Nam
A. Trong bd'i canh do, giao due each mang b
Thii Diu Mpt - Binh Dfldng phai vupt qua
cudc chie'n tranh ac liet de xay dflng nen
giao due dan tde dan ehii.
1. Duy t r i giao d u e ca,ch m a n g t r o n g
kho k h a n t h i i t h a c h m 6 i (1954 - 1960)
Hiep dinh Geneve ky chfla rao mflc,
chinh quyen Ngo Dinh Diem da bdc lp rd y
do pha hoai, khiing bd' nhflng ngUdi tham

gia khang chie'n. Tren linh vflc giao due,
chinh quyen Ngd Dinh Diem lap tflc thay
doi he thdng va ndi dung giao due b mien
Nam, bang each cho ap dung chfldng trinh
• TS, Trudng Dai hoc Thu Dau Mpt

giao due do eac doan cd van ve" van hoa •
giao due cua My soan thao. Mpt mat, chinh
quyen Diem mudn loai bd anh hfldng ciia
nen giao due Phap de lai, mat khac ra sflc
dfla vao ehfldng trinh giao due mdi xay
dflng ndi dung chd'ng cdng, phu nhan thanh
qua each mang va khang chie'n. Khau hieu
cua nganh giao due do chinh quyin Diem
d l ra la "ddn toe, nhdn bdn, khai phon^',
nhUng thuc cha't do la nen giao due nhim
phue vu eho tang Idp thfldng lflu, trung lUu
dang edng tac mat thiet vdi My - Diem, U
vung ndng thon, he thd'ng trfldng hpc do
chinh quyen Sai Gdn xay dflng chi co duy
nhat bae tieu hpc, tap trung tai cac true lp
chinh, gin ddn bo't. Hpe sinh mudn hpc tiep
tfl Idp De tha't (Idp 6) trd len, phai ra thi
tra'n, thi xa hoac len cae thanh phd ldn. Do
vay, con em nhan dan lao ddng ngheo tJ
nhflng vung nong thdn khdng ed dilu kien
dfldc den trfldng, nhieu em trong do tudi di
hpc hoan toan khdng bidt chfl.
Tren thflc te, nhu cau hpe tap eua con
em nhan dan lao ddng la ra't 16n. Nam bat

dflde nhu cau dd, dpi ngu lam cdng tac giao
due each mang b tinh Thu Dau Mdt mong
mud'n tiep tuc duy tri va phat trien boat


Xay dung n ^ giao dijc dan »6c dan chi...
ddng giao due, nhlft la giao due tieu hoc va
binh dan hoc vu. Nhung dieu kien thuc te'
khdng cho phdp thUc hien mong mudn dd,
bdi sau Hiep dinh Geneve, mdt sd can bd
chii chdt eua nganh giao due tinh Thu D i u
Mdt thdi chdng Phap hy sinh, sd' khae dupe
td chflc s i p xep ra rhiln Bie tap ket, mdt sd'
giao vien khang chiin dfldc phan cdng b lai
phai rut vao ho^t ddng bi mat (1). Trong
hoan canh dd, nhflng can bp, giao vien tam
huyet b tinh Thu D i u Mdt tim each tao vd
bpc hdp phap dd hoat ddng va no lflc gay
dflng cd sd tai cae trfldng tfl thuc. Tieu bieu
la cae trfldng Binh Dan, Anh Minh, Tri Tri,
Dflc Tri, Nghia An, Nghia PhUdng (thi xa
Thu Dau Mdt), Tan Quang (Chau Thanh)
(2).
Ben canh dd, tai cac huyen, mdt sd' can
bd, cd sd each mang hoac quin chung ydu
nflde, ed cam tinh vdi each mang da tan
dung t h i edng khai hdp phap dflng ra md
eac Idp hoc tai tfl gia, dfla vao ehfldng trinh
giang day nhflng bai hpc vl ldng ai qudc,
long tfl hao dan tpc. Hinh thflc Idp hpc tU

gia phat trien manh b vung can cfl khang
chien cu nhfl Long Nguyen, Lai Hflng, An
Dien, An Tky, Phfl An (Ben Cat), Thanh
An, Thanh Tuyln, Dinh An (Diu Tieng),
Uyen Hflng, An Thanh, Binh Hda, My Hda
(Tan Uyen) (3). Trong dilu kien bi chinh
quyen tay sai d l qudc kilm soat gat gao,
cac t h i y ed giao cf cac Idp hpc tu gia nay
thudng ehu trpng giao due dao dflc, nhan
each va tinh ydu que hfldng, da't nfldc cho
hpc sinh nhfl: k l chuyen v l tfldng Nguyin
Binh (4), ve cae chien khu b Thu Dau Mdt
thdi chd'ng Phap (chien khu Long Nguyen,
Thuan An Hda, chien khu D), gidi thieu
lang sdn mai t r u y i n thd'ng Tfldng Binh
Hi^p, lang gdm Tan PhUdc Khanh (Tan
Uydn), gidi thidu nhflng ndt van hda cd
truyin ciia qud hUdng (vd thuat Tan Khanh
- Ba Tra, le hdi chfla Ba Thien Hau, le hpi

ehfla Ong Bon), Ben canh vide hpc chfl, hoc
sinh edn dUde t h i y giao "khai tam" nhflng
hieu biet ve each mang (nhU can cfl khang
Phap d i u the ky XX d My Ldc - Tan Uyen,
phong trao Hdi kin d Uyen Hflng (Tan
Uyen), phong trao cdng san b Nhk may xe
ICla Di An, phong trao truyin ba chfl Qudc
ngfl vdi nhflng thay giao ten tud'i mdt thdi
nhfl Le Minh ChUdng, Nguyin Van Tiet...)
(5).

Tuy nhien, trong boi canh ehinh quyin
My - Diem ngay cang day manh cac ehien
dich "td' cdng", "diet cdng", hoat ddng cua
eac Idp hpe tu gia vdi tinh t h i n yeu nudc,
tie'n bd khdng t h i tranh khoi tinh trang hi
theo ddi, kiem soat chat ehe. Hdn nfla, dpi
ngu can bd, dang vien bam tru dia ban de
chi dao phong trao each mang - trong dd cd
mang eong tac giao due - lai bi tdn tha't het
sflc nang ne. Nhilu thiy, cd giao da bi bat,
tu day va bi gie't (nhfl thiy Nguyen Van
Cudng, Pham Van Tiep, LUu Vkn Chfl,
Nguydn Van Minh, Nguyen Van Tam,
Nguyin Van Lie, Nguydn Van Dfldng,
Hu^nh Minh Bach, Nguyin Van Lila, thiy
Diep Hdi, ed Nguyin Thi Re. bi dich bit,
ngfldi bi k i t an tOf hinh, ngfldi hi day di Cdn
Dao...). Cd sd Dang, ed sd each mang tan vd
hang loat, mot sd huyen khdng cdn chi bp
cd sd nao tdn tai va boat dong. Phong trao
each mang ci Thii Diu Mdt noi ehung, boat
ddng giao due each mang trdn dia ban tinh
ndi rieng, dflng trfldc thii thach khde liet
(6).
Tfl cudi nam 1957 de'n nam 1959, d Thii
Diu Mdt khdng cd hoat ddng ddc lap cua bp
phan lam cdng tae giao due. Cac Idp hpe tfl
gia cung ngay eang thu hep. Mdt sd cd sd
each mang va quan ehung yeu nflde tan
dung the edng khai hdp phap d i u tranh ddi

ehinh quyen phai xay dflng trfldng Idp cho
con em cd chd hpe tap. 6 mdt sd trfldng hpc


68
cua chinh quyen tay sai, giao vien thanh
lap cac td bi mat lien he vdi ed sd each
mang, tham gia cung eSp tin tflc, tai lieu
cua dieh cho each mang. Trong hoan eanh
hi dan ap ngat ngheo, cac hoat ddng giao
due tam lang nhflng tinh t h i n yeu nghi,
nhidt tinh each mang eua dpi ngii nha giao
ydu nfldc van am t h i m chd dpi cd hdi tie'p
tiic boat ddng.
2. Ttfng hxidc p h a t t r i e n giao d u e
dan toe dan chu trong qua trinh
e h u y e n t h e e a c h m a n g (1960 -1965)
Tfl d i u nam 1960, phong trao Ddng khdi
cua ddng bao mien Nam ngay cang lan
rdng, lam suy sup bd may quan sU va chinh
quyin Sai Gdn b xa, a'p. De'n ngay 20-121960,.M^t tran Dan tdc giai phdng mien
Nam Viet Nam ra ddi. Tuyen ngdn va
ehfldng trinh hanh ddng eua Mat tran Dan
tdc giai phdng mien Nam Viet Nam la ngpn
cd hieu trieu nhan dan Thu D i u Mdt dflng
ldn da'u tranh each mang, danh dd e h i dp
thudc dia tra hinh eiia de' qud'e My va chinh
quyen tay sai Ngd Dinh Diem, lap nen
chinh quyin each mang (7). Vdi sfl phat
triln ciia phong trAo Ddng khdi va sfl ra ddi

cua Mat tr$n Dfin tde giai phdng mien Nam
Viet Nam, t)y ban Mat tran Dan tdc giai
phdng dfldc thAnh lap b cd'p tinh, huy§n va
nhilu xa, a'p. Ban Thdng tin van hda giao
due ciia Mat tran Dfin t0c giai phdng cac
ea'p dflng ra ehi dao phong trao binh dan
hpc vu va bd tuc van hda cho nhan dan.
Vdi chii trfldng "giai phdng de'n dau,
thue hidn cdng tac giao due din do", tai cac
xa do each mang lam chu sau Ddng khdi,
ean bd bd phan tuyen truyen td ehflc ngay
nhflng budi gap gd de van ddng, hfldng d i n
cac t h i y cd giao tai d|a ban tiep quan cae
trudng hpe, Idp hpc dk cd hoac xay dflng
trfldng, I6p mdi. Dfldi su lanh dao eua Mat

Rghien eijru Lieh siSr. sg 8.2014
trfin Dan tdc giai phdng, cae xa, i p hd hdi
md Idp xoa mii chfl va tjo tuc van hda. Xa
nao, a'p nao giai phong deu ed trUdng Idp va
ddng dao hpe sinh di hpe. TrUdng Idp lflc
nay chu ye'u xky dflng hang tre, la do nhan
dan gdp. Thiy ed giao van dpng phu huynh
va hpc sinh trdng cfiy de tao mau xanh va
tranh may bay dich ban pha. Ndi dung
giang day theo chfldng trinh giao due each
mang thdi ky khang chie'n chdng Phap,
nha't la dd'i vdi cac mdn Van, Sii, Giao due
cdng dan. Do saeh giao khoa thieu, nen 3
mdt sd ndi cd ke't hdp st[ dung saeh giao

khoa cac mdn Toan, Danh Van trong vung
dieh tam ehiem. De npi dung day va hpc
gan vdi thflc tien, giao vien cdn sii dung
mdt sd'bai bao, tin tfle thdi sfl... truyin dat
cho hpc sinh. Khdng khi hpe tap trong vung
giai phdng tuy cdn nhilu khd khan gian
khd,, tham chi ed luc t h i y trd dang trong gid
hpe phai ehay ean nhflng ludn tran day l^c
quan, pha'n khdi. Trfldc sU phat triln manh
ciia phong trao giao due b vung giai phdng,
thang 10-1962, Tieu ban Giao due Trung
Udng Cue mien Nam (gpi t i t la Tilu ban
Giao due miln) dflde thanh lap, trfle thudc
Ban Tuyen hua'n, giup Trung Udng Cue chi
dao cdng tac giao due toan miln Nam (8).
Sau dd, eae tieu ban giao due khu, tinh,
huyen, xa dUdc thanh lap chinh thfle.
6 tinh Thu D i u Mdt, Tieu ban Giao due
tinh dfldc thanh lap do ba Nguydn Thi Re
lam Trfldng tilu ban. Cac dng Nguyen Van
Tai, Vu Hoang Khanh, Ngd Long Vd lam uy
vien. Tilu ban Giao due tinh ddng tai Bau
Rd, xa Thanh Tuyen - Tri Tam (Diu Tieng).
Sau khi Tieu ban Giao due tinh thanh ISp,
tai cac huyen, xa, bd may chi dao edng tac
giao due eung l i n lUdt hinh thanh theo
nganh dpc; huyen cd Tieu ban Giao due
true thudc Ban Tuyfin hua'n, eae xa cd Ban
Giao due thudc chi b§ xa, mot so" ndi b cac

Xay dung n&i gjAo due dan »6c dan chii...
a'p ciing hinh thanh Ban Giao due a'p. Vao
thcli dilm mdi thanh l|ip, trinh dp chuyen
mdn ciia can bd cdc tieu ban giao due tfl cip
huydn din xa, a'p edn ban che. Song vdi khi
t h i each mang dang phat trien rat manh,
tilu ban giao due cac efi'p da nd lUe cham lo
td chflc trUdng, 16p, cung eip sach vd, giai
quylt nhu e i u hpe hanh cho con em nhan
dan. De phu hdp vdi dieu kidn thUc te eua
dia phUdng, eae trUdng hpe dUdc td ehflc
th&nh tflng dilm nhd trong tflng a'p, thuan
tidn di lai cua giao vien va hpc sinh; Idp hpc
chu ye'u do nhan dan cho da't, dong gdp cay,
l a v a eiing nhau dung ldn, ed Idp dUde td
chfle trong nha dan; ban ghe, dung cu hpe
t^tp edn r i t thilu thd'n. Thay, cd giao chii
yeu la nhflng thanh nien biet chfl tfl
nguydn tham gia giang day khdng ddi hdi
thu lao. Sau gid day hpc, cac t h i y ed giao
ciing san xua't b gia dinh hoae giup nhan
dan san xua't.
Vdi sfl hoat dpng tieh cflc eiia tieu ban
giao due huydn, xa va cac a'p, phong trao
binh dan hpe vu va bd tue van hda d Thu
Diu Mdt phat trien ra't manh. Dau nam
1963, Tinh uy Thii Diu Mdt da thanh lap
trfldng Van Chinh vdi nhiem vu day van hda,
chinh tri eho can bd khang ehien cac ca'p

tinh, huyen va thanh thilu nien la con em
can bd, du kich, ddng thdi dao tao dpi ngu
giao vien bing each md nhflng Idp hua'n
luydn nghiep vu n g i n ngay tfl 1 t u i n den 1
- 2 thang. Tieu ban Giao due tinh lam ndng
cdt cho cdng tac dao tao giao vien tai trfldng
Vfln Chinh. Ngay sau khi trfldng Van
Chinh thanh lap, Tieu ban Giao due tinh
da tap hdp nhflng can bd, du kieh b ckc ed
quan eua tinh, huyen tham gia cdng tac
trong Tilu ban Giao due va eac Idp dao tao
giao vidn. Cac huyen Ben Cat, Chau
Thanh, Tri Tam (Diu Tilng) deu cii ngUdi
tham dfl. Khda hpc keo dai trong 1 thang.
Mdt sd' giao vidn b vung tam ehiem cung

dupe van ddng vao vung giai phdng tham
cdng tac giao due. Phu trach Idp la can bp 5
Tieu ban Giao due tinh va mot so" lanh dao
Ban Tuydn hugfli tinh.
De dap flng nhu ciu giao vien cho cae
dia phfldng, thang 8-1963, Tieu ban Giao
due mien Nam da md trfldng sfl pham dao
t£io giao vien trong toan miln la'y ten la
Trfldng giao due Thang Tam (9). 6 tinh
Thu Dau Mpt, cung vdi can bd Tieu ban
Giao due tinh, mdi huydn eflng cut 3 - 4 can
bd tham dfl khda dao tao giao vien Thang
Tam.
Sau chin thang hpc tap tai can efl R (Tay

Ninh), cae t h i y cd giao da vl td ehfle Idp
hua'n luyen b mdi huyen dl phd biln vl
dfldng ldi giao due cua Mat tran Dan tpc
Giai phdng miln Nam, ddng thdi gidi thipu
nhflng tai Udu hpc tap do Tieu ban Giao due
mien bien soan nhu quyen: Vdn binh ddn
hgc vu phuc vu cuoc khdng chie'n chdng My,
Chuang trinh cdp 1 bd tdc vdn hoa cflng
mdt sd saeh ea'p 1 bd tfle van hda (Tap dpc,
Toan, Dia ly...).
Cflng thdi diem eac t h i y cd giao k i t thflc
khoa dao tao giao vien b can cfl R trd vl,
tinh Thu Diu Mot dflpe Trung fldng tfing
cfldng them 4 can bd tfl miln Bic cd trinh
dp dai hpc vl tham gia cdng tac tai Tieu
ban Giao due tinh, ddng thdi Tinh uy cung
tang cfldng them hai giao vien dang edng
tae tfl Ban Tuyen huan cho Tieu ban. Lflc
lfldng nay nhanh chong tda ve cae huyen
chi dao ehuyen mdn, hua'n luydn vl nghiep
vu day hpc, phd bie'n phUdng phap to chflc
va xay dung phong trao giao due. Sd can bp
nay da trd thanh nhflng nong cot ca vl
chuyen mdn va edng tac td chfle, phat ddng
phong trao giao due b dia phfldng.
Cudi thang 4 d i u thang 5-1964, Dai hdi
giao due toan miln Nam dupe td chflc nhim
thd'ng nha't dfldng ldi, muc tieu, he thong to

70
ehflc giao due, chfldng trtnh sach giao khoa.
Tilp dd, ngay 19-5-1964, Dai hoi thanh lap
Hdi nha giao ydu nfldc nham tfip hop tat ea
nhflng ngfldi lam cdng tac giao due, eae nha
giao ydu nUdc va tid'n bd trong toan miln
Nam vao mat tran da'u tranh thflc hien mdt
n i n giao due dan tpc, dan chu va t i l n bd,
ehdng lai ehinh saeh nd dieh cua d l qud'c
My va chinh quyen tay sai (10).
Sau Dai hpi giao due toan mien Nam,
Tilu ban Giao due tinh da md bd'n Idp hua'n
luyen giao vien n g i n ngay cho cac dia
phUdng. Hai Idp dUdc to chfle tai Thanh
Tuyln (Diu Tilng), mdt Idp md tai An Tay
va mpt Idp md tai Long Nguyen (Ben Cat).
Mdi Idp tfl 15 d i n 20 ngfldi tham dfl. Npi
dung trpng tam la bdi dfldng phUdng phap
va nguydn tac day hpe de dflng Idp.
Cd dpi ngii giao vien lam ndng cdt, hau
h i t eae xa b vung can cfl diu hinh thanh
Tilu ban Giao due (trflc thudc Ban Van
giao xa). Tieu ban Giao due lam nhidm vu
md Idp va van ddng nhan dan ddng gdp
edng sflc, gao, tien xay dflng trfldng Idp;
nudi gia'u, bao ve giao vidn. Khdng khi hpc
tdp hd't sfle sdi nd'i. Cac Idp hpe dfldc td chfle
thfldng xuyen, b ba't cfl chd nao (dfldi gd'c
cfiy, gian biu, gian mfldp...), ba't k l ngay
ddm, miln yen tid'ng sung la ed t h i dd'n Idp

de .hpe. Muc tieu eua Idp hpe ra't thiet thflc
va phu hpp vdi hoan canh eu t h i la lam sao
cho ddng bao, can bd, chie'n si bie't dpc, bie't
vid't (de dpc dflde cdng van, vid't dUpc k h i u
hieu). Vdi long nhiet tinh, tan tam, cdng tae
van ddng quan ehflng td't, nen eae giao vidn
di de'n dau cung dUpc ea'p uy, mat tran va
nhan dan h i t ldng giup dd d l md diem
trudng (hoae cho mUdn nha dl md Idp),
Vdi nhflng cd' ging tren, trong nhflng
nam 1963 - 1964, phong trao giao due d
Thii Dau Mdt phat trien thuan lpi nha't

t e h i e n cuu Ljtdi sit, sd 8.2Q14
trong khang chie'n cho'ng My. De'n cum nam
1964, Thu D i u Mdt fldc tinh cd den 38
trudng va diem trUdng tieu hpc, 120 giao
vien vdi g i n 2.500 hpc sinh ea bd tflc van
hda va binh dan hpe vu; xa nhieu nha't cd
vai diem trfldng ed tii 4 - 10 giao vien, xa it
nha't Cling cd 1 - 2 diem trfldng va 3 - 5 giao
vien. Theo so heu thd'ng ke sd bp eiia Ban
Lidn lae eUu giao ehfle Thii D i u Mot, vao
thdi diem cuoi nam 1964, trdn dia ban cac
lang cao su Dau Tilng ta md dfldc 8 diem
trfldng b eac lang 4, 5, 6, 10, 16, 18, 21, 22;
hai xa Thanh An va Thanh Tuyln deu co 5
diem trfldng (Thanh An b eac ap 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, Thanh Tuyln b cac a'p 3, 4, 5, 7, 11). Ben
Cat la ndi co phong trao giao due phat trien

manh nha't. Xa An Tay md dfldc 3 diem
trfldng (b ckc a'p 1, 2, 4); xa An Diln md
dupc 1 diem trudng; xa Phfl An md hai
diem trUdng (ap 1, 4); xa Long Nguyen ed 6
diem trUdng (a'p 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Trang Ldn); xa
Kie'n An (An Lap) cd 3 dilm trudng (Bau
Khai, Hd Can, Da't Dd); xa Chanh Lflu
(Chanh Phu Hda) md dfldc 4 Idp (a'p 1, 2, 3,
4) (11).
CJ mdi diem trUdng deu ed tfl mdt de'n ba
Idp hpe. Tfly tinh hinh b mdi ndi, ed dilm
trfldng dflpe xay dflng ngay trong xdm, ap
(Diu Tie'ng, Chanh Phu Hda); ed diem
trfldng dfldc lam dfldi nhflng tan eay ldn
(Thanh An, Thanh Tuyln); cd diem trfldng
d\i6c lam kin dao trong bia rflng. Phin ldn
eae diem trfldng, Idp hpe deu ed he thd'ng giao
thdng hao tranh bom dan. Dac biet la b Long
Nguyen va cae xa An Diln, An Tay, Phu An
la ndi thfldng xuyen hi dieh can quet, ban
pha bom phao nen cac dilm trUdng diu cd h§
thdng giao thdng hao Uen ke't vdi hd thdng
cdng sfl ea nhan de giao vidn va hpc sinh tni
an khi eo dich can quet. Cd ndi nen Idp hpc
dflde dao sau xudng da't ehiing hdn Im de
dflng nha.


Xay dtfng ndn giao dye dan toe dan chi..
Ndi dung giang day chu yeu la hai mdn

Van. Toan theo chUdng trinh Idp 1, 2 cua
giao due miln Bic. Tieu han Giao due cii
ckn bd ldn cfin cfl R sao chep saeh giao khoa
Tieu hpc chuyen tfl miln Bic vao rdi danh
may, in thanh quyen dfla ve eae trfldng lam
tai lieu giang day va hpe tap. Trong nam
1965, Tiln ban Giao due tinh da in va
ehuyen ve cac dia phUdng tren 3.000 ban
saeh Toan va Tie'ng Viet tfl Idp 1 den Idp 4.
Ngoai hai mdn ehinh la Van va Toan, Tieu
ban Giao due tinh con la'y ndi dung tfl saeh,
bao each m^ng d l bien soan tai Hdu giao
due dao dflc each mang cho hpe sinh vdi ten
goi "Hgc bdo" (12).
Phfldng cham "hpe den dau day dd'n dd",
phong trao giao due each mang b Thu Dau
Mpt xua't hien nhilu sang kie'n ca trong day
va hpc. Mdt sd' dia phfldng tfl dao tao giao
vien ca'p tdc nang cao trinh dp van hda eua
thiy, ed giao. Cd t h i y co chi vfla bie't doe
bilt vid't da tham gia day hpc, nhflng sau
miy thang hua'n luydn, mpi ngfldi diu n i m
dfldc each soan giao an dam bao diy du cae
ndi dung: giao due tfl tudng each mang cho
hpc sinh, truyin thu kie'n thflc va ren luyen
ky nang, ky xao.
Tren da phat triln manh eiia bac tieu
hoc, diu nam 1965, Tinh iiy chii trfldng md
trfldng ca'p 2 vdi hinh thflc hpc tap trung
danh cho con em can bd tror^ cac cd quan

dkn - ehinh - dang va ddng bao vflng can efl.
Thi^e hidn chOi trfldng cua tinh. Ban Tuyen
huin va Tieu ban Giao due tinh da da Ifla
chpn dia dilm tai khu vflc Ddng Trdn (xa
Thanh Tuyen) de md trfldng cd'p 2 tap
trung la'y tdn la trfldng Ly Tfl Trpng. Thang
2 nfim 1965, trfldng xay dflng xong va
tuyen sinh ngay dflde 2 Idp (1 Idp 5 ed 29
hpc sinh va Idp 6 cd 20 hpc sinh). Cae t h i y
giio Pham Thanh Hai, Nguyin Hflu Phfldc,
Nguyin Thu Van la can bd b Tieu ban Giao

due tinh dfldc phan cdng vfla phu trach,
vfla giang day. Thay Pham Thanh Hai dflde
phan cdng lam Hieu trfldng. Trfldng Ly Tfl
Trpng cdn dflde Phan lien khu mien Dong
e^ thay giao Nguyin Vilt Thoa - la can bp
eua Tieu ban Giao due khu ve hd trd
ehuyen mdn va giang day tai trfldng Ly Tfl
Trpng trong hai thang.
Cung nhfl 5 Thu Diu Mdt, tren dia ban
huyen Tan Uyen (vao thdi diem nay thudc
dia ban tinh Phfldc Thanh) hoat dpng giao
due cung phat trien r i t manh. Tieu ban
Giao due Phfldc Thanh do dng Do Trung
Nhan (Tfl Nhan) lam trfldng ban da efl
dfldc 2 can bp tham gia khda dao tao giao
vien Thang Tam va quy tu mdt sd' giao vien
tfl vung dich tam chie'm vl edng tac nhfl cac
thay Tam Tam, Tfl Trien, Chin Long. De'n

nam 1965, Tilu ban Giao due Phudc Thanh
CO 7 can bp, giao vien. Vdi luc lfldng nay,
Tieu ban Giao due da md Idp bo tuc van boa
tai ed quan Tuyen giao tinh eho can bd eac
ed quan, doan the ddng thdi tda vl eac xa b
Chid'n khu D md Idp xda mu chfl, bd tue van
hda eho can bd, chien si va ddng bao. Din
cud'i nam 1965. d Tan Uyen, Tieu ban Giao
due da md dupe mot so' diem trUdng tieu
hpc d cac xa Binh My, Tan Binh, Tan My,
Phfldc Hda. 6 mdi diem trfldng, Tieu ban
Giao due tinh diu den chi dao dn dinh
trfldng Idp, hfldng ddn sfl pham cho giao
vien. 6 mpt sd' dia phfldng, ddng bao cat
nha trong rflng sau tranh dich "tat" dan
nhilu lin tfl hdi xay dflng i p chien Iflpe,
Tieu ban Giao due td chflc cac diem trfldng
Hen xa de phuc vu ddng bao, Mdt sd ddng
bao b vung sau, vung xa khong the td ehfle
diem trfldng. 16p hoc, Tieu ban Giao due eii
can bd, giao vien din md Idp bd tuc van boa
lflu ddng cho can bd xa, eac hdi. doan the va

ddng bao.


Rghien euii IJch sir, so 8.2014
Phong trao hpc tap van hda sdi noi 5 Thu
Diu Mdt trong nhflng nam 1964 - 1965 la
bieu tfldng, hinh anh tot dep eua each

mang trong nhflng ngay ehiln tranh ae lidt.
Gifla vung thdn que, xen lan hinh anh ehan
lam tay bun cua ngfldi ndng dan, v | n nghe
tha'y nhflng tieng danh v i n cua hoc sinh
hoa trong tid'ng sung dan. Hinh anh a'y da
di vao thd ea vdi nhiing v i n tho rat ddi
than thfldng, binh di, nhfl d l ghi nhan va
tdn vinh nhflng ddng gop t h i m lang ma
vinh quang eua nhflng ngfldi lam cong tae
giao due b Thu D i u Mdt; "Ngodi ddng My ngity ddn qudn I Trong nhd tre vdn quay
qudn eai Xin chdo be Nu, be Hoa I Ngdy
Id CO gido, dim Id hgc sinh" (13).
3. SiJfe sd'ng giao d u e e a c h m a n g
t r o n g c h i e n t r a n h ac liet (1965 -1975)
Tfl nam 1965, vdi tha't bai cua chie'n Ifldc
"Chie'n tranh dae bidt". My day manh
chie'n tranh xfim Ifldc b i n g chien Ifldc
"Chiin tranh cue bd" (the local war). Trdn
dia ban ThOi D i u Mdt va PhUde Thanh, tfl
thang 9-1965, d l qud'e My va quan dpi Sai
Gdn huy ddng 20 tilu doan (ed 2 tieu doan
thude Lfl doan du 173 My) md cudc can
"Hflng Vfldng 9", danh pha can cfl each
mang b Be'n Cat n h i m giai tda doan Id 13
tfl Ben c a t di Chdn Thanh va md rdng an
toan eho can cfl Lai Khe dang xay dflng.
Thang 10-1965, dieh md cudc can ldn thfl
hai vao dia ban Ben Cat n h i m muc tieu
"tim diet" lflc lfldng vu trang, pha hiiy can
efl khang chie'n va lap tuye'n an ninh cho

can efl Lai Khe. Cung trong thang 101965, My va quan dpi Sai Gdn huy ddng ba
tieu doan ed phi phao, xe tang yem trd can
quet dai ngay vao vflng can efl Thuan An
Hda eua huydn Lai Thieu. Thang 11-1965,
mdt tieu doan quan My thudc Lfl doan dfl
173 do bp xud'ng Hieu Liem, hanh quan
can quet khu vfle Sinh, Giang Hfldng...

Tfl khi My va qufin dpi Sai Gdn thflc
hien chien lUdc "Chie'n tranh cue bd", hoat
ddng giao due b Thu D i u Mdt va PhUdc
Thanh diln ra trong dilu kien het sflc gian
khd, ac het. Trong thdi gian d i u dieh thuc
hien chien Iflde "Chid'n tranh cue bd", cudng
dp danh pha day dae, dong bao phai tan cfl
ngfldc vao vflng dich kiem soat de tranh
bom dan, boat ddng day hpc gap nhilu kho
khan. 0 Be'n Cat, trong nhflng tran can
d i u nam 1966, nhieu Idp hpe phai gian
doan. Tuy nhien, tfl thfle te da'u tranh, din
d i n ddng bao da tim ra bien phap cfi't nha,
phan tan ra ddng, tao thd' hdp phap de tilp
tuc duy tri diem trudng, 16p hpc. Mat khac
ddng bao cung tich cflc dSii tranh vdi dich
ddi trd v l lam rudng vfldn de sinh sdng. Vdi
k h i u hieu: "dan bam da't, giao due bam
dan, giao vien bam trfldng Idp", Tidu ban
giao due cac dia phfldng da nhanh chdng
phan tan cac diem trUdng theo dan ra ddng
hoac ra vung dan tam dinh cU de duy tri

day hpe. Hinh thflc Idp hpc cflng het sflc
linh boat, Idp nao hoc 6 dia ban kin dao thi
nhan dan lam h i m hao che chin; Idp nao
hpe trong nha dan thay cd td chfle day vao
nhflng luc giae khdng can, khi yen thi hpc,
khi ddng thi nghi, ed Idp hpe to chfle trong
cac lum eay, ed Idp hpc ban dem, Idp hoc
ban ngay...
De cd the hoat dpng dfldc trong dilu kien
chie'n tranh ngay cang ac Het, ta't ca cac
thay cd giao va hpe sinh diu dupe buin
luyen phdng tranh bom phao va sfl can
quet eua dieh. 0 cae xa An Dien, An Tay,
Phii An, Long Nguyen dpi du kich xa edn to
chflc bao ve cho thay cd giao va hpc sinh,
bao ve trfldng Idp, saeh giao khoa. Cae thay
giao cd giao da dflng vdi t r i n g ve len mai
Idp hpc yeu eiu dich khdng dUpc b i n pha.
Dau nam 1966, trudng Van Chinh tuyln
dupe g i n 100 hpe sinh la lanh dao xa, can


Xfty dtyng nen gi6o due dan tpc dan chd...
bd cac nganh doan the huyen Ben Cat.
Trong qua trinh hpc t^p, can bd, giao vien
va hoc sinh diu tham gia san xua't tU tfle
nhu mUdn dfi't cua dan de trdng khoai lang,
khoai mi, tranh thu ngay nghi hpc ho£ie ban
dem hd trd nhan dan c i t lua, ca't giau lUdng
thUc, tai san giflp ddng bao. Trfldng cap 2

LJ Tfl Trpng ciing tie'p tue tuyen sinh (khda
2) dupe 2 Idp (1 Idp 5 va 1 Idp 6) vdi 45 hpe
sinh. Khda hpc nay dupe giang day ehfldng
trinh Idp 5 va Idp 6 theo chfldng trinh giao
due he 10 nam b miln Bac.
Vdi nhflng nd lUc eua dpi ngii can bd,
giao vidn, Thii D i u Mdt trd thanh dia
phfldng cd hoat ddng giao due ndi bat trong
cae tinh Dong Nam Bd. Khi Tieu ban Giao
due mien Nam lam bd phim tfl Heu "Phat
triln giao due vflng giai phdng", Thii Diu
Mpt da dupe ehpn lam ndi quay phim. Dpi
quay phim cua miln ve dia phUdng lam
viee 1 thang va da hoan ta't dfldc bd phim
tfl lidu quy gia nay (hai can bd ciia Tieu
ban Giao due mien Nam la Ly Van Minh
(viet kich ban) va Thdp Hdng (ngfldi quay
phim)) (14).
Nhflng thang cud'i nam 1966, Tilu ban
Giao due ThCi D i u Mdt tiep tuc dfldc tang
cfldng can bd va nhan vien. Den thang 101966, tdng sd' can bp, giao vien va nhan
vidn tieu ban khoang hdn 40 ngudi. Ong Vo
Hoang Khanh dflpe Ban Tuyen hua'n dilu
vl lam Phd tilu ban. D l tranh bi danh pha,
Tieu ban Giao due chuyen ve dflng ehan tai
Hang Nfl - Thanh An (Diu Tie'ng). Tfl day,
Tieu ban Giao due tinh tie'p tuc td chfle
khda bdi dfldng sfl pham ca'p td'c cho giao
vidn va can bd giao due. Mdi khda diln ra
khoang 1 thang. Tham gia giang day cac

khda nay la nhflng can bd, giao vien ed
nhieu kinh nghiem. Can bd phu trach Tieu
ban Giao di^e (Nguyin Thi Re, Vd Hoang
Khanh, Ngd Long Vd...) cung tham gia

giang day va ehi dao khda hpc. Ben canh
dd, mdt sd can bd edng tac tai Tilu ban
Giao due Khu Trung Nam Bp dang di thuc
td' b Thu Diu Mdt cung dupc mdi tham gia
giang day, chii yeu la bdi dfldng ky nang sU
pham cho hpe vidn.
Thang 12-1966, Tieu ban Giao due mien
d l ra nhiem vu chung cho toan nganh la
quan triet hdn nfla binh dan hpc vu la
nhiem vu hang diu, ra sflc xay dflng va duy
tri pheng trao binh dan hpc vu cd tinh chat
quin ehung va thie't thflc phuc vu each
mang de xda mu chfl va nang cao trinh dp
van hda cho nhan dan, trude he't la cho can
bd, dang vien, doan vien va nam nfl thanh
nien cong ndng; ra sflc khdi phuc, eiing cd
va phat triln he thd'ng trfldng Idp pho
thdng. Tieu Ban Giao due miln cung dl ra
ydu ciu tie'p tue gifl vflng phong trao xoa
mfl chfl cho can bd, du kich, dang vien, tich
cflc thfle hien bo tue van hda trong cac cd
quan va Ifle lfldng vu trang.
Thflc hien ehu trfldng eiia Tieu ban Giao
due mien, eac thiy giao, cd giao b Thu Diu
Mdt da nd lflc ehuyen hfldng, bam theo cae

ed quan, cae ddn vi bd dpi, du kich de td
chflc Idp hpe. Thdi gian nay, nhilu Idp hpc
dfldc to ehflc ngay tai cdng sfl ehien dau. Cd
luc dich danh 5 - 7 ngay lien tie'p, thiy trd
tam lanh de'n cho an toan td chflc Idp hoc.
Cd budi hpe, Idp ehi eo 1 - 2 em thiy vin
day binh thfldng.
Chien tranh ngay eang ac liet, boat ddng
giao due eang trd nen khd khan ddng thdi
do nhu ciu can bd tren cac mat cdng tac
khang chie'n, Tinh iiy Thii Diu Mot chu
trfldng van dpng tdng quan, rut sd can bp
eae cd quan bd sung cho cac- ddn vi ehien
da'u. Thflc hien ehii trfldng nay, Tieu ban
Giao due tinh da dfla can bp, nhan vien tieu
ban tham gia chie'n trfldng. Cudi nfim 1967,
nhieu can bo, giao vien eda Tieu ban Giao

il


Rghien ciJru laeh sir, so S.2Q14
due da tham gia Tieu doan Phu Lpi, trfle
tiep chid'n da'u ngoai mat tran.

(xa Phu CUdng); can quet dai ngay Chiin
khu D, D i u Tieng, B i n Cat...

Trong thdi gian diln ra chien dieh tdng
tie'n cdng va ndi day, phan ldn can bp, giao

vidn eua Tieu ban Giao due tinh d i u trflc
tiep xud'ng chid'n trfldng. O thdi diem nay,
Tilu ban Giao due thfle sfl trd thanh mot
"binh ehiing" trong nganh tuyen hua'n,
ngfldi can bd giao due - giao vien trd thanh
ngUdi chie'n si c i m sung chid'n dau. Can bp,
giao vidn Thu D i u Mot dupe hpc cac ky
nang tiep dan, tai thfldng. truyin tin, bao
eao... Mpi thfl deu vd eflng mdi me va phfle
tap ddi v6i nhflng giao vidn lau nay chi
quen lam edng viee day hpc, chi bie't Idp hoc
va hpc trd. Du vay, mpi ngfldi deu hang say
luyen tap, mong dd'n ngay ra tran de dfldc
trflc tie'p chie'n da'u, giai phdng que hfldng.
Bp phan cdn lai phan tan nho, chuyen vl
cong tac b ckc huydn, hfldng chu yeu la khu
vfle Binh My - Binh Cd (thude chie'n khu D)
phan cdng nhau di day bd' tuc van hda cho
cac ddn vi hoae xda mu chfl cho ddng bao
dan tde thieu so' (15).

Thang 6-1969, Phan khu uy Phan khu 5
td chfle Hdi nghi dai bilu nhan dan gdm dai
dien cac nganh, eac gidi, cac doan t h i each
mang. Hpi nghi b i u ra Uy ban nhan dan
each mang Phan khu gdm 9 ngUdi (cd 1 uy
vien la nfl). Ban Thfldng trflc Uy ban nhan
dan each mang Phan khu 5 do dng Nguyin
v a n Trung (Sau Trung) - Bi thfl Phan khu
uy lam Chu tich. Cae dng Bui Khanh

Ngfldn (Phan khu uy vien, Tham mflu
trfldng Bp ehi huy Phan khu), Hoang Xich
Thanh (Chu tich Mat tran Dan tpc giai
phdng tinh Thii D i u Mdt) lam Phd Chii
tich.

Tfl cud'i nam 1968, tren dia ban Phan
khu 5 eung nhfl hai huydn Bd'n Cat, Diu
Tieng (thudc Phan khu 1). dieh dung bom,
phao va rai tham cha't dpe hoa hpe d ca
vung ven, vflng trung tuyd'n, vung can cfl
nham hd trp eho ehfldng trinh "binh dinh
cip td'e", ddng thdi ngan ehan lflc lfldng vfl
trang each mang ta'n cdng vao Sai Gdn.
Tie'p dd, thang 3-1969, dieh md ehien dich
Nguyin Trai II dl "binh dinh cap td'c" vung
ven Sai Gdn. O Lai Thidu. dich tap trung 2
tieu doan thude SU doan 1 bd binh My, 4
tilu doan thupc Su doan 5 nguy, 9 dai ddi
bao an eung mdt sd' giang thuyin va cac
doan binh dinh tap trung danh pha can
quet gom dan cac xa An Sdn. An Thanh,
Binh Nham (Lai Thieu), Xdm Gud'c, Ba Lua

Ddi vdi cdng tae giao due, trong nam
1969, Phan khu da chi dao eiing ed' td chflc,
tap hdp lflc Iflpng sau mdt thdi gian bi gian
doan. GiQa nam 1969, Tieu ban Giao due
phan khu dupe eiing cd'. Ong Nguyin XuSn
Phong dupe efl lam TrUdng t i l u ban thay

cho ba Nguyin Thi Re (do dflde phan cdng
nhan cdng tae khae). Cac dng Nguyen Van
Quyin, Nguyen Xuan Vinh lam Pho ban.
Mdt sd giao vien trUde day tham gia ehiln
da'u dupc trd v l cdng tac tai tieu ban.
Nhiem vu cua Tieu ban Giao due luc nay la
nd lUc khdi phuc phong trao giao due b cac
dia phUdng, tiep tue td ehflc cac Idp xoa mii
chfl va bd tflc van hda cho cae ddn vi va
ddng bao, chuan bi lflc lfldng can bd, giao
vien de khdi phue phong trao giao due khi
ed dilu kidn.
Tuy nd Ifle lien tue, song boat dpng giao
due tfl nam 1969 - 1971 gap ra't nhilu khd
khan, gian doan. Viee md Idp, md trfldng
hau nhfl khdng thfle hidn dfldc. Dd'n nam
1972, Tieu ban Giao due Thii Dau Mdt da
ehii ddng tap hdp lflc lfldng va trd lai mat
khu Long Nguyen (Ben Cat) bam ehan boat


Xfly dung nen giao dye dan tdc dan chO...
ddng. Cudi nam 1972, ong Nguyin Xuan
Phong hy sinh, ba Nguyin Thi Re tilp tue
dflde cit lam Trudng tilu ban. Vao thdi
diem nky, dpi ngu can bd, giao vien tilu
ban cd khoang 20 ngUdi. Trong dieu kien
md trudng Idp gap nhilu khd khan, Tieu
ban Giao due tinh chuyen sang md cac Idp
bdi dudng su pham sd cap vdi quy md nhd

(sd lfldng chi vai ba chuc giao sinh), day
theo tai Ueu cua Khu bien soan. Thdi gian
bdi dudng dUdc rut ngin, ehi tfl 1 den 2
thang, dia diem hpc thfldng la khu vflc
dflng ehan ciia Tinh uy va eae ban nganh,
c6 lflc lUdng vu trang bao ve. Cac Idp hpc
dfldc "quan sfl hoa", nghi trang, cd h i m hao
bao vp. ChUdng trinh hpc gdm mpt so ndi
dung chinh nhU: n i n giao due each mang,
am mflu eua dieh trong giao due, so tay
ngfldi can bd giao due. Ddi vdi dd'i tupng la
giao vien tieu hpc, giao vien vd long, ngoai
cac ndi dung trdn cdn cd them eae bai ve
nghiep vu sU pham. Bai trpng tam la "Cach
dieu khiln mdt Idp hpc" (hfldng din each td
chfle Idp, each xflng hd, lam sd dilm, tap
doc, tap vilt, ky luat, trat tfl Idp hpc, vd
sinh, van nghd, sinh hoat tap the, cho'ng
ean...).
Sau Hidp dinh Paris, Thii Dau Mot la
dia ban cdn tranh cha'p quye't liet gifla ta va
dich, song da hinh thanh mdt sd ldm can cfl
b Long Nguydn, cac xa Tay Nam Ben Cat
(An Diln, An Tay, Phu An). Tan dung dieu
kidn nay, Tieu ban Giao due tid'p tuc khdi
phuc phong trao bo tue vkn hda va binh
din hpe vy. Mdt so' can bd eiia Tieu ban
Giao due dflpe cii ldn can efl Trung fldng cue
(R) dfl I6p dao tao giao vien ca'p 2 d l chuan
hi md Idp khi ed dilu kidn.

Thang 4-1973, Tilu ban Giao due da d l
xua't va dfldc Tinh iiy cha'p thuan eho md
trfldng ndi tru danh eho eon em can bd va
ddng bao cae ldm giai phdng thay t h i cho

trfldng v a n Chinh da hi giai the. Thang 51973. mdt ngoi trudng lam bang tranh tre
dfldc dflng len b mat khu liong Nguydn.
Ngay trong thang 5-1975, Idp hpe d i u tien
dfldc khai giang vdi 20 hpe sinh. Thay Bui
Quang Dung lam Hidu trudng. Nha trudng
ehi CO 3 giao vien nen Tinh uy eho phep sfl
dung mdt sd' hpe sinh ldn tap huan sU pham
rdi hudng dan cho cae em nho hpe tap. Nha
trfldng cdn thanh lap ehi doan Thanh nien
Lao ddng. Cac dang vien cua trfldng sinh
hdat chung vdi chi bd Tilu ban Giao due
tinh.
Ciing vdi viec md trudng npi tru. Tieu
ban Giao due ect eae doan can bd giao due
xud'ng cd sd bdi dUdng trflc tie'p eho giao
vien theo kieu "luan hua'n", xong xa nay lai
ehuyen sang xa khae. Vdi each td chfle linh
boat, ed ddng dd, cdng tae giao due vin dflpe
duy tri d nhieu dia phfldng cd sd. dpi ngu
giao vien dfldc bd sung va bdi dfldng thfldng
xuyen. Hpc xong eac Idp bdi dfldng, giao
vien dflpe phan cdng vl eae xa bam dan, md
Idp; nd'u khdng md dfldc Idp thi eung phai
bam ed sd. thflc hidn tuyen truyen van dpng
quin chflng dau tranh ehd'ng dich pha hoai

Hiep dinh Paris, chd'ng bin phao hfla bai,
ehd'ng b i t linh...
Ngay 6-1-1975 ehiln dich Dfldng 14
Phfldc Long gianh thing ldi; tiep do la
chien thing cua eac chie'n dich Tay
Nguyen, H u l
Da Ning. Bd Chinh tri
khing dinh: 'Thdi cd chien Ifldc da din, ta
CO dieu kien hoan thanh sdm quyet tam
giai phdng mien Nam"; tren ed sd do chi thi:
"Phai tap trung nhanh nha't lflc lfldng, binh
khi, ky thuat va vat cha't giai phdng mien
Nam trfldc mua mfla (trfldc thang 5-1975)".
Trdng ke hoach tien cdng Sai Gdn, danh
tran quyet chien ehiln Ifldc, Dang bd va
nhan dan Thii Dau Mdt cd ba nhiem vu
chinh: phuc vu chie'n dau eho cac ddn vi chii


Rghien cuu Lich s&. so 8.2014
lflc tren hfldng Bic Sai Gdn; dfla lflc lUpng
true tid'p tham gia chien dieh ta'n cdng Sai
Gdn; tfl giai phdng dja phfldng thed phfldng
cham "xa giai phdng xa, huyen giai phong
huyen, tinh giai phdng tinh".
Tfl d i u nam 1975. Tieu ban Giao due
Thii Diu Mdt da phan cdng can bp tham
gia phue vu cdng tae chi dao ehien trudng.
NhQng ngay thang 4-1975, boat dpng eua
dpi ngu can bd, nhan vidn Tieu ban Giao

due cang them sdi dpng: vfla lam cdng tae
thdng tin tuyen truyen, cdng tae binh van;
vfla tieh cflc chuan hi cac mat cho viec tie'p
quan vflng tam chiem. TrUa ngay 30-41975, dpi ngu can bd, nhan vien Tieu ban
Giao due da cd mat tai Thi xa Thu D i u Mdt
dl thifc hien nhiem vu tid'p quan thi xa.
Hai mUdi mdt nam khang ehiln ehd'ng
My (1954 - 1975) la hai mUdi md't nam
nganh giao due Thu Dau Mdt vUpt qua thii
thach khd khan, eha'p nhan hy sinh gian
khd de hoan thanh moi nhiem vu ma Dang
va nhan dan giao phd. Ndi bat trong hoat
ddng giao due d Thii Dau Mdt thdi chd'ng

My la cdng tfic binh dan hpc vu va bd tuc
van hda dUpc ca'p tinh, ca'p khu va ca'p miln
ghi nhan, bilu dUdng. Diln hinh rd net
nhat la du cUdng dd chie'n tranh cao din
ma'y, du tinh hinh ehien trUdng cang thing,
ae lidt de'n ma'y thi giao due each mang d
Thu Dau Mdt v i n tdn tai va ed thdi ky phat
trien eao dp. Nganh giao due Thii Diu Mdt
tu hao vi da gdp p h i n xflng dang vao thing
ldi chung eua Dang bd va nhan dan toan
tinh trong cudc khang chid'n ehd'ng My, eflu
nflde.
Dpi ngu can bd, giao vien d Thu Dau
Mdt nd lflc vfldt qua bao gian khd. hiem
ngheo de xay dung nganh giao due each
mang. NhQng thanh qua giao due trong

hai eude khang ehiln tuy cdn nhd be
nhflng da gdp p h i n khang dinh ban linh
cua ngflcJi chie'n si tren mat t r a n van hoa giao due, k h i n g dinh ta'm long yeu nghe",
tan tuy vdi nghe, ludn "chac tay phin,
vQng tay siing", nhflng ngfldi lam cdng tac
quan ly giao due va eae thay ed giao da
hoan thanh xua't s i c nhiem vu vinh
quang: vfla danh giae, vfla day hoc'

CHU THICH
(1), Theo ong Nguyen Xuan Vinh {Bay Vinh,

Tiem, P h a m Van CUdng. Cac thay giao hy sinh

nguyen Pho trUdng Tieu Ban giao due tinh Thii

trong khang chien cho'ng P h a p la thay Le Van

D^u Mot, chii tich Hoi Cuu giao chitc tinh Binh

LUdng {xa C h a n h Hiep, Thi xa Thii Dau Mot, nay

Dttdng): nSm 1954, cac thay giao 5 Thii Dau Mot

la phudng Chanh Nghia T h a n h pho' Thu Dau

tap ke't ra mien Bic la Huynh Van Ho, Vo T h a n h

Mot. hy sinh nam 1945), thay TrUdng Van Gioi

Liem, Nguyen Ba, Nguyen Minh Dflc, Pham Van

(xa An P h u huyen T h u a n An, nay la Thi xa

Trinh (nguyen trUcing Ty Giao due Thu Dau

T h u a n An, hy sinh nam 1946), t h i y Hu^nh Van

Hflu,

Mtrng (xa An Phii huyen ThuSn An, nay la Thi xa

Nguyen Khac Can; mot so thay giao dUdc to chiic

T h u a n An, hy sinh n a m 1946), thay Giao Sanh

M6t),

Huynh

Thi

Bong,

NguySn

Thi

s i p xep 6 lai phdi riit vao hoat dong bi mat la Vo

(Hai Sanh, xa An P h u , huy§n ThuSn An, nay la

Van Ddi (khi hoat dong bi mat lay ten khac la Vo

Thi xa T h u a n An, hy sinh nSm 1949), Theo bien

Minh Dflc), thay Didp Hoi (nguyen la Chii tich

bdn phong

Uy ban Khang chie'n h a n h chinh huyen Lai Thieu

Vinh), ngdy 24 thdng 6 ndm 2013), luu tai Trung

6 lai lam Bi thU huyen uy Ben Cat), P h a m VSn

tam Nghien cflu P h a t tri^n TrUdng Dai hoc Thu

vdn ong NguySn

Xudn

Vinh

(Bay


Xay dyng nen giao due dan t6e dan ehu...
Diu Mot.

(5) Cac thay giao Le Minh ChitOng. Nguyen

(2). Theo 6ng Uk Vfin T h i n g , nguyen Truflng

v a n Tiet... la nhflng giao vien khdi xUdng phong

phong nghien cflu Lich sii Dang - Ban Tuyfin

trao truyen ba chfl Qufic ngfl d Thii D i u Mot trade

Giao Tinh iiy Binh DUdng, sau nam 1954, 8 Thii

each mang thang Tam 1945 va la Idp dang vien

Dau Mot, trUcJng tU thuc Dflc Tri vk trudng tu

d i u tien eiia Dang bg Thu D i u Mgt, trong do t h i y

thuc Nguyen Trai la ndi quy t u dUdc kha nhieu

Nguyin Van Tiet da trd thanh Bi thfl Tinh uy dau

giao vien yeu nudc vk cac thiiy co giao da tham

tign cua Dang bo Thii Dau Mgt. Theo Lich sd

gia khang chien chong P h a p . Trudng Dflc Tri (con

Bdng bg tinh Binh Duong tap 1 (1930 - 1975), Nxb.

CO ten goi khac la trudng Bo Dl), 1^ ndi day hoc

Chinh tri Quoc gia, 2003,

va hoat dong cua cac thay co giao T r l n Van
Hoanh, P h a n Thi Khe, HS Hao Hdn, Le Vo D i n . . .
Thiy Ho Hao Hdn nguyen la can bg Ban Thdng
tin Tuy§n truyen k h u 8 va Vien Van hda Khang
chig'n Nam Bo trong thdi k^ chong Phap, dfldc
phan cong 6 lai miSn Nam, thay tiep tuc boat
d6ng tai Ski Gon lam cdng tac vSn dpng tri thflc
vdi bi danh Nguyin VSn Chieu. Hoat dong ban
cflng khai, thay di day d cac trudng tfl thuc nhu
ViSt Nam Hoc dudng, Chu Manh Trinh, Nguyin
Huf... 6 Sai Gon, Thii Dau Mot, My Tho, Go
Cong... gSy anh hfldng trong gidi hoc sinh b i y
gid. Trfldng tfl thuc Dflc Tri la ndi t h i y Hd Hao
Hdn da den d^y va gay diing cd sd each mang,
Trfldng N g u y i n Trai cung la mgt ed sd each mang
6 tinh li. O day co cac thay giao Nguyen Van Do,
Pham v a n T h a n h . Vu Van Hug, Hu^nh Van
Cfldng, Ludng VSn Minh, T r l n

Van

Hoanh,

(6). Theo ba Nguyin Thi Re. nguyen Trudng
Tieu Ban Giao due tinh Thii D i u Mgt (1962 1968, 1973 - 1974), trong nhflng nam 1957 - 1960,
cd sd Dang, ed sd each mang d Thu D i u Mgt tan

v6 hang loat, mgt so' huyfn khdng con chi bg cd sd
nao tdn tai va hoat dgng. Phong trao each mang d
Thii Dau Mgt ndi chung, boat dong giao due each
mang tren dia ban tinh noi rieng, dflng trade thii
thach khoe liet. Nhieu t h i y , cd giao d Thii D i u
Mgt bi bat, tu day nhu Nguyin Van Cfldng. Pham
Van Tiep, Luu Van Chfl, Nguyin Van Minh,
Nguyin v a n Tam, Nguyen Van Lie, Nguyin Van
Duong, Huynh Minh Baeh, Nguyin Vftn Liia,
t h i y Di^p Hoi... ngfldi bi ket an tii hinh, ngudi bj
day di Cdn Dao. Theo bien bdn phong vdn dng bd
Nguyin

Thi Re, ngdy

26 thdng 8 ndm 2013, lflu

tai Trung tfim Nghien eflu Phat triln Trudng Dai
hgc Thii D i u Mgt.

Nguyen VSn L i e p h i n ldn la cac giao vien va can
bg khang chig'n dflOc bo tri d lai cong tac... Theo
biin bdn phong vdn dng Hd Vdn Thang, ngdy 25
thdng 6 ndm 2013, lUu tai Trung tam Nghien cflu
Phat triln Trfldng Dai hoc Thu D i u Mot.

(7). d Thu D i u Mgt, dem 25-2-1960. ddng bao
dong loat noi day d nhieu dia phUdng (Ben Cat
de'n Chau Thanh, Tan Uyen, Lai Thieu,..) giai
tan te ap, te xa, dot chdi canh, giai tan dan canh,

lam ehu xa a'p. Qua ba dot ddng khdi diln ra Hen

(3). v a o thdi diem nay, Tan Uyen thuoc tinh

tue trong nam 1960, quan dan Thu Dau Mdt da

Bien Hda. Le Hflu Phfldc (chii nhi§m), Lich si?

lien tue tien cdng vao bg may kim kep cua dieh d

nhdn ddn tinh Binh Du
cd sd, lam chu dUdc tren 40 a'p thuoc 25 xa (trong

2005, de tai nghien cflu khoa hoc, Sd Khoa hoc

chinh quyin

tong so' 46 xa cua tinh) va 10 lang cong nhan

Cflng ngh? tinh Binh Dfldng, 2009.
(4). Nguyin Binh la Trung tfldng dau tien cua

(trong tong so' 22 lang cdng nhan) 5 ddn dien eao
su D i u Tieng. 6 mdt so' ndi, da xay dung du^c

Qufin dpi nhan dan Vi&t Nam, Khu bg trfldng Khu

chinh quyen each mang theo hinh thflc ti^ quan.

b^ 7 sau Cach mang thang Tam 1945. Le Hflu

Trong cao trao Ddng khdi, lflc lfldng each mang

Phfldc (chu nhi§m), Lich st? chinh quyen nhdn ddn

diet dUdc hdn 100 ten ac fln. giai tan duge hang

tinh Binh Duang 1945 - 2005, sdd.

ehuc bd may te xa, ti a'p; bflc rut, bflc hang va


7a

R g h i e n ethi Ljch sJr. s o 8.2Q14

tieu diflt mdt so don bdt n i m sau trong vung

(12). Bien ban phdng van ba Nguyin Thi Re,

nong thon. t h u hdn 300 sung cac loai va n h i l u

i ^ u y g n trudng Tieu Ban giao due tinh Thii Dau

quan trang, q u a n dung. Xem them Le Hflu Phudc

Mgt (1962 - 1968 va 1972 - 1975) 26 thang 8 nam

(chii nhi§m), Lich si? chink quyin nhdn ddn

tinh

2013, lUu tai Trung tam Nghien cflu Phat

tiiia

Trudng Dai hoe Thu Dau Mot.

Binh Duang 1945 - 2005, sdd.
(8). Cong viec dau tien eua Tieu ban Giao due

(13). Tai lieu cua Thac si N g u y i n Van Thuy.

mien Nam la t h a m mflu cho Trung Udng Cue

Trfldng B a n quan ly Di tieh va d a n h t h i n g tinh

m i l n Nam du t h a o dudng loi giao due m i l n Nam

Binh DUdng, sUu t a m tai huyen Ben Cat thang 8

Viet Nam trong k h a n g chid'n chd'ng My. Dii thao

nam 2013 (nay la huy6n Bau Bang) phuc vu de
trien gido due cdch mang a

dfldc ban h a n h dfldi dang mgt thdng tfl cua

tai Qud trinh phdt

Trung Udng Cue {s6' 44/TT, ngay 13/2/1963). Xem

Binh Diidng

thfim Sa thdo 30 ndm gido due mien Nam 1945 -

Hiep chu nhiem. Trudng Dai hoc Thu D i u Mot,

1975, Tran T h a n h Nam chu bien, Nxb. Giao due.

2013.

1995.

1945 - 1975, Ti^n si Nguyin Van

(14). Bg phim tU lieu "Phat trien giao due vflng

(9). Trudng Giao due Thang tam khai giang

giai phdng" da quay tai mgt so' ndi cd phong trao

khoa I vao ngay 6-9-1963 vdi 107 hgc vien tii khu

giao due phat trien manh. 0 mien Ddng Nam Bd,

VI trd vao. Cud'i thang 4-1964 khoa 1 va tiep tuc

Thu D i u Mgt va Long An la hai dia phUdng dfldc

md khda II. Xem them Sa thdo 30 ndm gido due

doan lam phim ve t h u t h a p tai li^u thuc te. Sau

mien Nam 1945 - 1975, sdd.

giai phong, bg phim da bi t h a t lac.

(10). Dai hgi dai bieu Hdi nha giao yeu nUdc

(15) Nam 1968, tren ehien trfldng Thu Diu Mot

mien Nam Viet Nam gdm 100 dai bieu tfl B i n

cd hang chuc giao vien va can bo giao due hy sinh

Hai de'n Ca Mau t h a m dii. Ddng chi Nguyin Van

nhfl: Nguyin Van Can (Chin Cong - xa Tan Dinh,

Linh • Bi thfl Trung fldng cue de'n dU. Dai hdi da

huy&n Ben Cat), Vo Van Chien (xa Phu An, huyen

thdng qua dieu le, h l u Ban Chap h a n h Trung

Ben Cat), Nguyin Van Dilng (xa Tan Vinh Hiep,

Udng hdi gdm 39 iiy vien, giao sfl Le Van Huan

huyen Tan Uyen), T r l n Van Kha (huyen Dau

lam hgi trfldng, dng Le Thiet lam Td'ng t h u k^.

Tieng), Vo Hoang Khanh (Vo Van Ngo - xa Chanh

cac ong Dudng Van Dieu va T r a n T h a n h Nam la

Nghia, Thi xa Thu D i u Mgt), Nguyin Van Long

t h a n h vien Ban Thfldng vu hdi va la can bg

(Chin Long - huyen Vinh Ciiu, Ddng Nai), Tran

thudng true xt£ Iy cdng viec hang ngay ciia hdi. Sa

Van Ngo (can bo mien B i c chi vifin), Nguyin Van

thdo 30 ndm gido due miin

1945 - 1975,

Tan (can bd miln B i c chi vien). T r l n Van Tua'n

(11). So' heu thd'ng ke. tfl tai lieu Lich si? ^ido

Tudng (Sau Tfldng, xa Chanh Phii Hda, huySn Ben

Nam

sdd,

(xa Thanh Tuyen, huyen Dau Tieng), Nguyin Van

due Binh DUcfng tU ddu the ky XX di'n 2003, Sd

Cat),.. Thong ke (chfla day du) ciia Sd Giao due

Giao due va Dao tao tinh Binh Dfldng, 2004,

tinh Binh DUdng, nam 2003.