TIẾNG ANH 12 unit 8 life in the future

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Unit 8
LIFE IN THE FUTURE
GRAMMAR REVISION: Article and Preposition
A. ARTICLE (MẠO TỪ)
1. A/ An: Mạo từ không xác định (a, an) dùng với dnah từ số ít đếm được trong các trường hợp sau:
a) Danh từ chưa xác định và có nghĩa chung chung

b)

c)
d)

e)

2.

My brother has just bought a new book
A luxurious car may cost you around 1 million dollars in Viet Nam
Danh từ số ít đếm được với nghĩa “một”
I raise a cat in my family
I have just an apple for lunch because I’m going on a diet
Danh từ chỉ nghề nghiệp
I am a teacher
Trong các cụm từ chỉ số lượng, đo lường: a pair of, a couple of, a dozen of, a kilo of, a liter of, a
packet of, a bottle of, a piece of, a bunch of, a few, a little
She’s just bought a new pair of shoes
There is a bottle of milk in the fridge
Trong cấu trúc cảm thán với What:

What an awful day!
What a beautiful dress you have!
The : Mạo từ xác định (the) dùng với danh từ số ít hoặc số nhiều, đếm được hay không đếm được
trong các trường hợp sau:
a) Danh từ xác định
I have a blue dress and a white one. The blue dress is a gift from my mother and the white one is
a gift I bought for myself
b) Danh từ chỉ sự vật duy nhất: the sun, the moon, the earth, the universe, the globe, the King, the
Queen, …….
The sun sets in the west
c) Danh từ chỉ các loại nhạc cụ: the guitar, the piano, the drum ……….
I have been playing the piano since I was six
d) Danh từ riêng chỉ tên đại dương, sông núi, rừng, sa mạc, hồ, thác, kênh: the Thames, the
Nile, the Alps, the Fuji, the Michigan, the Suez Canal, the Amazon, the Niagara, the Pacific
Ocean, the Red Sea, the Sahara…..
The Nile is generally regarded as the longest river in the world
e) Danh từ chỉ phương hướng: the east, the west, the north, the south, the southeast…
People in the South of the country have a higher living standard than those in the North
f) Danh từ chỉ người hoặc nhóm người: the Smiths, the Simpsons, the Chinese, the old, the poor,
the blind,….
The Simpsons and my family have been neighbors for almost 20 years
The Japanese are very hard-working
g) Tên 1 số quốc gia: the United States, the Philippines, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom…..
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I have never been to the Netherlands

h) Tên tàu thủy, khách sạn, rạp chiếu phim: the Titanic, the Queen Mary, the Rex Cinema, the
Grand Hotel
i) Trong hình thức so sánh nhất: the largest room, the best things, the most beautiful place
She is the nicest person I’ve ever met
j) Trong cấu trúc so sánh kép:
3.
a)

b)

c)

The harder you work, the better results you will have
Zero article (Không dùng mạo từ)
Trước các danh từ dùng với nghĩa chung chung
I like oranges very much
Music plays an important part in our life
Trước chức vụ, tước danh:
He was elected captain of the football team
Diana, Princess of Wales, died in a car crash
Trước các danh từ trò chơi, môn thể thao, phương tiện:

Volleyball is my father’s favorite sport
I go to school by bus
d) Trước các danh từ chỉ các bữa ăn, ngôn ngữ:
What do you have for dinner?
She can speaks 3 languages: French, English and Chinese
e) Trước các danh từ riêng, tên người, tên đường phố, tên thành phố, tên quốc gia, lục địa:
Vietnam is a beautiful country
I will travel to Bangkok, Thailand this summer

Her store is on Le Loi Street
f) Trong các cụm giới từ: to/at/from school/work/college/ university, in/to class, to/in/from church
/town, to/in/into/out of prison/hospital/bed; at/from home; at sea, in bed
I often stay in bed quite late on Sunday
It’s 2 kilometers from my house to school
B. PREPOSITIONS (GIỚI TỪ)
1. Định nghĩa:
Giới từ (preposition) là từ đứng trước 1 danh từ hay 1 cụm tương đương danh từ (noun-equivalent) để
chỉ mối liên hệ giữa danh từ hay cụm từ tương đương này với các từ khác trong câu
Ex: there is nothing left in the fridge
The cat is under the table
2. Phân loại:
a) Giới từ chỉ thời gian: at, on, in, before, after, during, from, to, till, until, by,……
Ex: in the morning, in May, by midnight, at noon
She has to be here before 8 o’clock
We left at noon
b) Giới từ chỉ nơi chốn: at, in, on, in front of, behind, near, over, beside, above ….
Ex: at school, in front of the house, under the bed, behind the tree,…
The students are playing in the school yard
There is a tree in front of my house
c) Giới từ chỉ sự chuyển động: to, from, across, along, about, into, about (khắp nơi, quanh quẩn),
through (xuyên qua), out of (ra khỏi), round (quanh), toward (về phía),….
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Ex: through the window, into the room, round the table,……..

After the fight, she ran out of the house
I saw her walking along the street yesterday
d) Giới từ chỉ thể cách: with, without, according to (theo, tùy theo), in spite of (mặc dù), instead of
(thay vì)
Ex: with pain, according to the survey, in spite of the storm, instead of staying home
He jumped with joy on hearing that he passed the exam
He took the bus to the airport instead of a taxi
e) Giới từ chỉ mục đích: to (để), in order to (để mà), for (thay, dùm, cho), so as to (để)
Ex: We left early so as to arrive there by midnight
He always tries his best for every exam
f) Giới từ chỉ nguyên nhân: thanks to (nhờ), through (do, vì), because of (vì, bởi), owing to (nhờ, do),
by means of (nhờ) ………
Ex: Thanks to the Internet, we are able to connect with people all around the world
She was absent from school because of her illness
3. Một số cấu trúc thường gặp của giới từ:
a) Verb + preposition
Agree with
Aim at
Arrive at
Ask for
Believe in
Belong to
Bring up
Care about
Care for
Complain to
Complain about
Count on
Decide on
Depend on

Give up
Go on
Grow up
Hang up
Happen to
Hear from
Help with

Đồng ý
Nhắm đến
Đến, tới
Nhờ, yêu cầu
Tin tưởng ở
Thuộc về
Nuôi dạy
Quan tâm đến
Chăm sóc
Than phiền với ai
Than phiền về
Hy vọng, tin tưởng
Quyết định
Lê thuộc vào
Từ bỏ
Tiếp tục, làm tiếp
Trưởng thành
Treo lên
Xảy đến với
Nghe tin về
Giúp đỡ với

Put on
Put out
Receive from
Rely on
Save up
Share with
Talk with
Take off
Think about/of
Try on
Throw away
Turn on/off
Wait for
Worry about
Catch up with
Come along with
Check in/out
Get along with
Get in touch with
Get into/ out of
Get on/ off

Listen to
Live on
Look for
Look at
Look after
Meet off

Lắng nghe

Sống nhờ vào
Tìm kiếm
Xem, ngắm
Chăm sóc
Tiễn đưa

Look out for
Look forward to
Keep up with
Keep along with
Pay attention to
Put up with

Mặc (quần áo)
Dập tắt
Nhận của
Tin cậy
Để danh, dành dụm
Chia sẻ
Thảo luận
Cởi ra
Suy nghĩ về
Mặc thử
Ném, vứt đi
Mở/ tắt (tivi, đèn)
Chờ đợi
Lo lắng về
Theo kịp, đuổi kịp
Làm/ đi cùng với ai
Nhận/trả phòng

Hòa thuận với
Liên lạc
Lên/xuống xe
Lên/ xuống (tàu, máy
bay)
Xem xét, cẩn thận
Mong đợi
Đuổi kịp
Giữ quan hệ với
Quan tâm đến
Chịu đựng

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Object to
Pay for
Pick up

Phản đối
Thanh toán
Đón (ai), nhặt, hái

Take part in
Take care of
Get married to

Tham gia
Chăm sóc
Kết hôn với

Lưu ý: Khi sử dụng giới từ ta cần lưu ý các trường hợp sau:
1 Trong 1 số trường hợp , khi túc từ ở dạng danh từ nó có thể đứng trước hoặc sau giới từ. Nếu túc từ ở
dạng đại từ, nó phải đứng trước giới từ
Ex: you have to take off your shoes
You have to take your shoes off
You have to take them off
Don’t say: you have to take off them
2 Trong những trường hợp khác, túc từ phải đứng sau giới từ và cấu trúc này không được thay đổi
Ex: She gets along with her classmates Don’t say: She gets her classmates along with
He insisted on paying for the meal Don’t say: He insisted on paying the meal for
b) Be + Past participle + preposition
- be addicted to
ghiền, nghiện
- be amazed at/by
kinh ngạc
- be annoyed with
phiền, bực bội
- be known for
nổi tiếng về
- be bored with
chán nản về
- be confused with
nhầm lẫn, lẫn lộn với
- be excited about
háo hức, phấn khởi
- be frightened with

sợ, kinh hãi
- be interested in
quan tâm, hứng thú về
- be made of/from
làm bằng
- be opposed to
chống đối, phản đối
- be tired of
chán ngấy
- be pleased with
hài lòng với
- be satisfied with
thỏa mãn với
- be surprised by
ngạc nhiên vì
- be worried about
lo lắng về
Ex: She is interested in psychology
I am tired of this job
c) be + adjective + preposition
- be absent from
vắng mặt
- be accustomed to
quen với
- be afraid of
sợ
- be angry about
giận (chuyện gì)
- aware of
nhận thức, hiểu rõ

- be bad at
dở, yếu về
- be busy of
bận rộn việc gì
- be certain of
tin chắc
- be different from
khác với
- be eager for
hăm hở, háo hức
- be fed up with
chán nản, buồn bực
- be fond of
ưa thích
- be full of
đầy
- be good at
giỏi, có khiếu về
- be happy with/in
hài long
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be keen on

be nervous about
be responsible for
be sad about
be similar to
be sorry about / for
be sure about

ham thích, say mê
hồi hộp,
chịu trách nhiệm về
buồn về (ai hay chuyện gì)
giống, tương tự với
hối hận về, có lỗi (về chuyện gì)
chắc chắn, tin chắc vào

Ex: She is nervous about the upcoming exam
I’m totally happy with the results at school
d) Cấu trúc khác với Be và Have
- Be in charge of
phụ trách về
- Be in love with
yêu (ai)
- Be in favor of
ủng hộ, tán thành
- Be out of date
lạc hậu, lỗi thời
- Be out of order
hỏng
- Have ability in
có năng lực

- Have confidence in
có lòng tin vào
- Have faith in
tin tưởng vào
- Have influence over
kiểm soát, kiềm chế
Ex: The elevator is out of order. Let’s take the stairs instead
4. Một số dạng khác của giới từ
Giới từ có thể dùng trong các cách nói sau: at once, at first, at this/that time, at all, according to,
similar to, by the way, in any case, in fact, in addition to, in my opinion, except for, on the contrary, up
to now, in the end, in the beginning…….
In fact, I don’t like him at all
In addition to having a beautiful voice, she can play the guitar

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PRACTICE TEST
A. PHONETICS AND VOCABULARY
I.

Choose the word whose bold part is pronounced differently from the others in each group

1.
2.
3.
4.

5.
II.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
III.

A. admit
B. vacancy
C. have
D. stagnant
A. dissolve
B. sector
C. flock
D. hollow
A. comment
B. catch
C. recall
D. decide
A. thank
B. though
C. worth
D. cloth
A. subsidiary
B. supply
C. suspect
D. summit
Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the rest

A. recently
B. probably
C. usually
D. immediately
A. domestic
B. maximum
C. national
D. enterprise
A. apologize
B. contractual
C. sacrifice
D. reliable
A. opponent
B. accurate
C. initiate
D. society
A. determine
B. priority
C. disaster
D. penalty
Choose the word which best fits each gap of the sentence
11. The ______ of the earth will be threatened by terrorism as terrorist group will become
more powerful and more dangerous
A. surface
B. security
C. substances
D. seasons
12. Things will be much worse than they are now, to ________
A. pessimists
B. pessimistics

C. pessimistic
D. pessimistically
13. By 2050, cars will run on new, clean fuel and they will go very fast. The computer will
___________ the car and drive it to your destination
A. invade
B. replace
C. rule
D. control
14. Recently, there have been fewer visitors coming to this resort. They’re probably afraid
of ___________
A. capitalism
B. patriotism
C. terrorism
D. racialism
15. In the future, we hope that we will have a better life due to modern medical
__________
A. theory
B. recipe
C. system
D. therapy
16. In some Western countries, robots can help housewives with doing domestic
___________
A. chores
B. households
C. appliances
D. affairs
17. Development in micro technology-computers and telecommunication are bound to
have a huge ________ on various aspects of our lives
A. reflect
B. promotion

C. change
D. influence
18. More people will work at home because there will be computers linked to a _________
A. Head board
B. Head set
C. Head office
D. Head master
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19. Thanks to the _______ of labor-saving devices, domestic household chores will no
longer be a burden
A. improvements
B. inventions
C. experiments
D. importance
20. Cars in the future will be fitted with computers to tell us how _________ we are
driving
A. efficiently
B. effectiveness
C. efficiency
D. effective
B. GRAMMAR: Choose the best answer
21. Abdul was invited to __________ supper at _________ home of an American family
A. The/ the
B. X/the

C. X/ X
D. The / X
22. _________ sharks are fish but _______ whales are not
A. X /the
B. The /X
C. X / X
D. The /the
23. He has been appointed ________ Minister of Education
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. X
24. I saw ________ car crash this morning. Fortunately, nobody was hurt in ________
accident
A. The/an
B. The/the
C. a/an
D. a/the
25. Would it be _________ trouble to you to buy me __________ newspaper on
_________ way home?
A. a/ a / the
B. a/ the/ a
C. X/ a/ the
D. The/ a/ X
26. On _____ Sundays my father stays in ________ bed until ten o’clock, reading
_________ Times
A. The / a / X
B. The / X/ X
C. X /the /X
D. X/ X/the

27. ________ travel agent would give you _________ information about _______ hotels
A. The / X/ the
B. A / X /X
C. The /an / X
D. A / the / the
28. __________ Professor Jones, ______ man whose new drug everyone is talking about
refused ______ interview
A. X / the/ an
B. X / a / the
C. The / a/ the
D. The / a/ an
29. One of _________ biggest celebration in ________ Argentina is _______ New Year’s
Eve
A. The / X/ a
B. X / the/ the
C. The/an/the
D. The / X / X
30. St. Anthony’s Day in Mexico is a day when people ask _______ protection ______
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their animals
A. For/to
B. X /with
C. For/ for
D. X /for
31. “When a woman asks me to tell her all _________ football, I know she’s fallen

______ love,” said a TV sports announcer
A. X / with
B. About/ in
C. To/ with
D. X / in
32. My father gave ________ smoking at the age _______ 45
A. Up/ of
B. On/ for
C. To/ on
D. For/ at
33. Sometimes Mr. Jones can not find his reading glasses. He forgets that he already
_________
A. Put them out
B. Put out them
C. Put them on
D. Put on them
34. The Smiths were a very happy family. The children got _________each other
A. Together with
B. Away with
C. In touch with
D. Along with
35. I have only a part time job, so it’s hard for me to ____ my salary
A. Live on
B. Spend on
C. Believe in
D. Wait for
36. I am tired __ your rude behavior. I’m not going to ____ it any more
A. From/ put on
B. Of/ put up with
C. With/ care for

D. On/ go on
37. The manager travelled sometimes _______ pleasure and sometimes _________
business
A. For/with
B. With/for
C. With/on
D. On/with
38. She gets accustomed ______ working late ______ night
A. To/on
B. On/at
C. With/in
D. To/at
39. This pupil is good __ French. She always pays attention ________ improving her skills
A. At/to
B. In/with
C. On/for
D. X/in
40. We must ready to die ________ our country when necessary
A. on
B. for
C. with
D. off
C. READING
I.
Read the passage and choose the best answer
A. Some day people will certainly try to build settlements on the moon. The best places for houses in a
moon town will be a cave or a tunnel. Underground houses will not be squashed by meteorites that
constantly fall on the moon from outer space. This will be important on the moon, since daytime is
so hot that food could be cooked in the rocks, and the nights get bitterly cold.
B. Pioneer moon homes may be made of airtight plastic that can be blown up like a balloon inside the

cave. The reason for this is that the moon has no air around it. The pioneers will have to take along
from the earth the oxygen masks when they are away from home. But the balloon house itself will be
filled with air. Perhaps the house will have beds, tables, and chairs built into it. These can be inflated,
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too. So people will sleep, eat and work on air! Moon-house building will be easy. The moon’s
gravity is less than the earth’s. Everything weighs only one-sixths much as it does on the earth.
41. In a moon town, ________ is the best place for house?
A. A balloon
B. A cave
C. A tunnel
D. B and C
42. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The people on the moon will not leave their homes
B. The people on the moon will wear oxygen masks when they leave their homes
C. The moon homes are of plastic
D. The temperature in a cave changes as much as the temperature outside
43. The pioneers have to take along from the earth the oxygen they need for breathing
because ___________
A. the moon homes are made of airtight plastic
B. the balloon house will be filled with air
C. moon people will sleep, eat and work on air
D. the moon has no air around it
44. If a stone weighs 18 tons on the earth, how much does it weigh on the moon?
A. Six tons

B. Fifty-five tons
C. One hundred and eight tons
D. Three tons
45. According to the passage, building houses on the moon will be easy because ______
A. The moon has no air on it
B. The moon’s gravity is less than the earth’s
C. Beds, tables and chairs in a moon house can be inflated
D. Moon homes can be blown up like a balloon
Certainly (adv) ['sə:tnli]: chắc chắn
Settlement (n) ['setlmənt]: định cư
Cave (n) [keiv]: hang động
Tunnel (n) ['tʌnl]: đường hầm
Underground (n) ['ʌndəgraund]: ngầm, dưới lòng đất
Squash (v) [skwɔ∫] ép, nén
Meteorite (n) ['mi:tjərait]: thiên thạch
Constantly (adv) ['kɔnstəntli]: liên tục
outer space (n) ['autəspeis]: ngoài không gian
bitterly cold : vô cùng lạnh giá
Pioneer (n) [,paiə'niə(r): tiên phong
Airtight (adj) ['eətait]: kín hơi, kín gió
Plastic (n) ['plæstik]; chất dẻo
blow up ( phrasal verb) [bloʊ ʌp]: làm căng phồng
balloon (n) [bə'lu:n]: khinh khí cầu
mask (n) [mɑ:sk]: mặt nạ
inflate (v) [in'fleit]: thổi phồng, bơm phồng
gravity (n) ['græviti]: trọng lực
II.
Read the passage and then fill in each blank with the best completion
A day in your life – In the year 2020
What are two ways that technology will probably change your life in the next 20-25 years?

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People used to know more or less how their children _____ (46) live. Now things are changing
________(47) quickly that we don’t even know what our own lives will be like ______ (48) a few years.
_________ (49) follows is not science fiction. It’s how experts see the future.
You’re daydreaming behind the wheel of your car, but that’s OK. You have it on automatic pilot, and
with its high-tech computers and cameras, your car “knows” ______ (50) to get you home safely.
You're hungry, so you head for the kitchen______ (51) get home. You ordered groceries_______(52)
computer an hour ago, and you know that by now they've arrived. Your kitchen has a two-way
refrigerator________ (53) opens to the outside to accept deliveries. You've already paid _______(54) the
food by having the money subtracted from your bank account. Nobody uses __________ (55) anymore
What's for lunch? In the old days, you used to stop ……. (56) to buy a hamburger or pizza. Now you use
your diagnostic machine to find out ….. (57) foods your body needs. You find out you need more
vegetables and less fat. Your food-preparation machine makes you a salad. After lunch, you go down the
hall your home office. Here you have everything you need for doing your work. Thanks ……. (58) your
information screen and your new computer, you almost never go into the office anymore. The
information screen shows an urgent message ….. (59) a co-worker in Brazil. You set the screen to
translate Portuguese into English…. (60) you wait, you think about later, when you'll have a movie
transmitted. What movie should you order tonight?
46. A. will live
B. would live
C. should live
D. might live
47. A. quite
B. too
C. very

D. so
48. A. in
B. for
C. from
D. by
49. A. Who
B. Which
C. What
D. That
50. A. getting
B. to get
C. get
D. for getting
51. A. as soon as
B. as long as
C. as many as
D. as far as
52. A. in
B. on
C. with
D. by
53. A. where
B. that
C. which
D. when
54. A. to
B. for
C. on
D. with
55. A. cash

B. money
C. currency
D. bills
56. A. at
B. by
C. for
D. off
57 A what
B. whose
C. which
D. where
58. A. for
B. to
C. by
D. with
59. A. from
B. off
C. to
D. for
60. A. In
B. From
C. Since
D. As
science fiction (n) ['saiəns'fik∫n]: khoa học viễn tưởng
expert (n) ['ekspə:t]: chuyên gia
daydream (v) ['deidri:m]: mơ mộng
wheel (n) [wi:l] bánh xe
automatic (adj) [,ɔ:tə'mætik]: tự động
head for (v) [hed]: hướng về phía
order (v) ['ɔ:də]: đặt hàng

subtract (v) [səb'trækt]: trừ
diagnostic (adj) [,daiəg'nɔstik]: chẩn đoán
urgent (adj) ['ə:dʒənt]: gấp , khẩn
co-worker (n) [kou'wə:kə]: đồng nghiệp
transmit (v) [trænz'mit]: truyền
D. ERROR IDENTIFICATION: Identify the error in each sentence
61. In the future, cars will be fitted on computers to tell us how efficiently we are driving.
A
B
C
D
62. Whatever we expect from the future, remember that progress has never moved in straight
A
B
lines, and history is full with unexpected developments.
C
D
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63. What are some most important factors that will bring about dramatic changes in different
A
B
C
aspects of our lives?
D

64. My ideal world would be the peaceful one. There would be no wars or conflicts between
A
B
C
D
nations.
65. In my opinion, we will be living with much cleaner environment, breathing fresher air and
A
B
C
eating healthier foods.
D
66. Advances in science and technology have been the major source of change for recent decades
A
B
C
and this change has led to progress.
D
67. Different to pessimists, optimists believe that life will be far better than it is today.
A
B
C
D
68. I'm tired of living in big busy cities. I always wish to live in the clean, healthy environment
A
B C
with more fresh air and less noise less pollution.
D
69. I'm just going out to the shops. If anyone rings, tell then I will be back for a few minutes.
A

B
C D

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70. After ten unhappy years Janice finally quit her job. She had not been getting along with her
A
B
boss for a long time before she decided to look after a new position
C
D
E. Writing: used the words given to write complete sentences for the passage. Make some alterations
or additions when necessary
1. It/ not so easy / imagine what life/ be like/ future
____________________________________________________________________
2. But/ from what/ happened/ and from what/ happening, we/ can/ make/ predictions
____________________________________________________________________
3. First, /future, life/ become/ very automatic
____________________________________________________________________
4. Many things/ do/ by computerized control.
____________________________________________________________________
5. People / eat more/ prepare / and even / pre-digest / food
____________________________________________________________________
6. They / wear disposable clothes / avoid / time/ and cost of washing
____________________________________________________________________
7. People/ not / have/ move around very much while working because they can do things/ their desks

____________________________________________________________________
8. Computers / work miracles / and / their help humans/ have less need/ use their brain.
____________________________________________________________________
9. That / why their ability/ think, imagine, create/ enjoy/ become less important
____________________________________________________________________

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