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• Thematic curriculum integration reading program

• Informative background knowledge sections
• Interesting content and useful academic vocabulary
• Well-designed comprehension and critical thinking questions
• Systematic two-step outline and summary activities
• Attractive visual aids to engage students and facilitate their learning
• Wrap-up activities with concept maps and theme project worksheets
• Workbook for more vocabulary, grammar, and reading practice

Curriculum Integration Reading Program

Key Features:

SUBJECT

Subject Link is a nine-level curriculum integration reading program for high-beginner
to high-intermediate students. The series’ theme-based curriculum helps students to
improve their language abilities and also acquire new knowledge from the interesting
content presented in each of the passages. With multiple lessons for each theme, Subject
Link allows students to develop a greater understanding of the curriculum and broaden
the context of their learning beyond single subject areas. Creating relevant connections
between different subject areas, Subject Link encourages students to build upon their prior
knowledge and experiences to make learning more meaningful and to also gain a more
holistic view of the world.

S

U

B

J

E

C

T

Curriculum Integration Reading Program

L4

Components:
• Student Book / Workbook / Audio CD

Online Resources: www.ibuildandgrow.com
• Teacher’s guide (with answer keys) / Theme project worksheets /
Vocabulary lists / Lesson plans / MP3 files
SUBJECT Link L4, L5, L6 Series:

78740

<200-230 words>

<230-260 words>

<260-290 words>

9788966949625
ISBN 978-89-6694-962-5

KO01

L4


Lesson Components
BIG IDEA

Focus On

Connect to Yourself /
Think Critically

Contents Map
Reading Comprehension

Graphic Organizer &
Summary

Before You Read

Chapter Wrap-up
Key Words


Contents
CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 3

Color

Sound

Subject

Lesson

Title

Words Page

Subject

Lesson

Science

1

How We See Color

202

6

Science

9

Social Studies

2

Chinese Beliefs About Colors

224

14

Science &
Social Studies

Science &
Social Studies

3

Healing with Color

214

20

Art

4

Dyeing Naturally

220

26

CHAPTER 2

Title

Words Page

How We Hear Sound

221

58

10

Silent No More

221

66

Music

11

Listen to This!

238

72

Social Studies
& Literature

12

Echo and Narcissus

235

78

CHAPTER 4

Salt

Toilets

Subject

Lesson

Title

Words Page

Subject

Lesson

Title

Words Page

History

5

A History of Salt

227

32

History

13

The History of the Toilet

232

84

Science

6

Our Bodies and Salt

201

40

Social Studies

14

A Toilet Museum

227

92

Social Studies
& Science

7

Salar de Uyuni

223

46

Science &
Social Studies

15

The Journey of Wastewater

205

98

Science &
Social Studies

8

Salami and Kimchi

212

52

Art

16

Art from a Urinal

217

104

Supplementary
Material

Chapter 1 - Concept map

p. 113

Chapter 2 - Concept map

p. 115

Chapter 3 - Concept map

p. 117

Chapter 4 - Concept map

p. 119


CHAPTER 1

Color
1

2

How We See
Color

What color reminds
you of China?

Soci
al

Color
A

rt

4

Dyeing
Naturally

nc
St e &
ud i
es

e
nc

es
udi
St

Sci
e

How many colors are
there in the world?

Chinese Beliefs
About Colors

ie
Sc i al
Soc

3

Healing with
Color

BIG IDEA
What does color do to our
lives?

How do people color
fabrics?

What color makes
you happy?


Science

COLOR

Science

1

How We See Color

Color

Key Words
Complete the sentences with the key words.

Before You Read
Look at the pictures and talk about what
we need to see color.

a

mixture

absorbed

reflects

experiment

object

consists of

b

1.

The carpet

2.

Let’s do a(n)

to test the idea.

3.

New Zealand

two main islands.

4.

Water

5.

The salad has a(n)

6.

A ball is a round

the coffee.

light and acts like a mirror.
of vegetables.
that you play with.

Background Knowledge
The primary colors of light
The primary colors of light are red, blue, and green.
We get white light when we mix all three of these
together.

8

Lesson 1 • How We See Color

9


Science

10

COLOR

For example, when white light hits a red apple, the
apple absorbs all of the colors except for red. Only red
light is reflected and enters your eyes. This is why the
apple looks red. If an object absorbs all the colors of
light, it will look black.

15

How We See Color

How do we know that white light is made of so many
colors? You can do an easy experiment. Shine white
light through a prism. The prism will break it down into

01

The Eye and White Light

the seven colors of the rainbow! This not only shows
that white light consists of many different colors. It
20

also shows that we need white light in order to see the

a prism and broken light

colorful world around us.

Focus

Words 202

Look around you and count how many colors you can

How do we see color?

see. There must be hundreds. You might ask how we can
see these various colors. Well, the colors we see actually
come from light.
5

We need light to see colors. White light, such as
sunlight, is a mixture of many colors of light. When it hits
an object, some of the light is absorbed by the object
and the rest is reflected. The color of the reflected light
is the color that the object appears to be.

Think Critically
What will happen if an object reflects green light?

10

Lesson 1 • How We See Color

11


raphic Organizer & Summary

Reading Comprehension
A. Choose the best answer.
Main idea

Step 1

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

Organize the information with the words from the box.

a. Objects actually don’t have any colors.

How We See Color

b. We don’t know how we can see an object’s color.
c. We see the color of an object from the light’s reflected color.
d. White light consists of many colors, yet looks white to our eyes.
Detail

1

3

2. Which is NOT true about how we see color?
a. Our eyes cannot see color when there is no light.

2

b. A red apple looks red because it absorbs red light.
c. When light hits an object, some of the light is reflected.
d. If an object reflects all the colors of light, we see it as white.
Detail

1

3. What is TRUE about white light?

hits a(n)

a. Sunlight is not white light.

2 The object

b. White light helps us see only certain colors.

3 The reflected light

object.
some of the light’s

and

our eyes, and we

the rest.
color.

c. White light is the reflected light from an object.
d. A prism breaks down white light into the colors of a rainbow.
Inference

absorbs

colors

colored

enters

reflects

see

light

4. What can be inferred from paragraph 3?
a. If an object reflects all the colors, it will look white.
b. If the colors of light are mixed, it will always looks black.
Step 2

c. If an apple absorbs green light, we will see a green apple.

Complete the summary with the words from the box.

d. Even if we shine different lights on an object, it will look the same.
Vocabulary

We need

5. Which can replace the word “various” in line 3?
a. much

b. different

c. less

d. famous

to see color. White light is a(n)

colors. We see color in a(n)
and

B. Answer the questions.

enters our

1. What do we need to see color?
We need

when it reflects some colors of
the other colors. When the

, we see it as the

looks red because it reflects

to see color.

of many

many colors from a(n)

light

of the object. A red apple

light. We can learn that white light has

experiment.

2. What is white light?
It is a(n)

of many

of

3. What can we learn from the prism experiment?

12

.

absorbs

color

mixture

reflected

white light

eyes

object

light

red

prism

Lesson 1 • How We See Color

13


COLOR

al Studie
oci

2
Color

s

S

Social Studies

Chinese Beliefs
About Colors

Key Words

Complete the sentences with the key words.

Before You Read
White has different meanings to different cultures. What
does white mean to the people in each picture?

Western brides
traditionally
wear white.

People from
some Asian cultures wear
white at a funeral.

14

symbol

represents

mysterious

notice

celebrations

belief

1.

Each national flag

2.

I didn’t

3.

A heart shape is a common

4.

There is a

5.

You can see amazing fireworks at Chinese New Year

6.

The Chinese have a strong

a country.
the gum and stepped on it.
of love.

entrance into the garden.
.

that the color red brings good luck.

Background Knowledge
China
China has a long history going back thousands of years.
It has a rich culture, and it is known for its food, arts and
crafts, and festivals.

Lesson 2 • Chinese Beliefs About Colors

15


COLOR

Social Studies

Green was the color of spring, and it represented
energy and strength. White was a symbol of brightness
and purity. It also symbolized death, so people wore white
when loved ones died. Yellow was considered to be the
20

rulers, the Chinese kings wore yellow and lived under

Chinese Beliefs
About Colors

yellow roofs.
Some of these beliefs remain to this day, and the

02

Different Colors, Different Meanings
Focus

When you see colors, some feelings or images may

What colors are special
for the Chinese?

come to mind. You may think of nature, danger, good

most beautiful color. As it was a symbol of the earth’s

Chinese continue to follow them. What do colors mean to
25

your culture? Are they similar to the examples above?
Words 224

the sixth emperor of the Qing
Dynasty

Connect to Yourself
Which color has a special meaning in your culture?

luck, or bad luck. For cultures around the world, colors
are symbols. Their meanings, though, are not the same
5

in each culture. For the Chinese, some colors have a
special meaning. It’s well known that they think of red as
good luck, but what about the other colors?
The Chinese believed that black was the color of
the heavens, because they noticed that the northern

10

sky was often strangely black. This old belief became
a saying: “heaven and earth of mysterious black.” Red

Forbidden City
(Palace Museum),
Beijing, China

was the color of good fortune and joy. Therefore, it was

red envelopes

seen everywhere during celebrations such as weddings,
birthdays, and the New Year. People gave money as gifts
15

16

in red envelopes as well.

Lesson 2 • Chinese Beliefs About Colors

17

raphic Organizer & Summary

Reading Comprehension
A. Choose the best answer.
Main idea

Step 1

1. What is this passage mainly about?

Organize the information with

a. why colors are special around the world

a

~

e

from the box.

Chinese Beliefs About Colors

b. what certain colors meant to the Chinese
c. how every country has the same beliefs about colors
d. how colors showed a person’s social position in China
Detail

Detail

2. Which color did the Chinese usually wear when their loved ones died?
a. black

b. green

c. white

d. yellow

3. What did the color yellow mean to the Chinese?
a. It was the color of the sun.
b. It was a symbol of the earth’s rulers.

a

c. It was a symbol of energy and strength.

b

d. It was the color of brightness and purity.
Inference

c
d

4. What can be inferred from this passage about ancient China?

e

a. People wore green clothes in winter.

the heavens
the earth’s rulers
energy and strength
good fortune and joy
brightness, purity, and death

b. Little girls had to wear white dresses.
c. People wore red clothes on happy occasions.

Step 2

d. People could not wear black or yellow clothes.
Vocabulary

5. Which can replace the word “strangely” in line 10?
a. regularly

b. especially

c. unusually

d. wonderfully

Complete the summary with the words from the box.
Certain colors had symbolic meaning to the Chinese. For instance, black
was considered the color of the heavens . Red was seen as a(n)

color and could be seen at special
symbol

B. Answer the questions.
They gave red

envelopes

with

money

inside.

noticed

that the

northern

often strangely black.
3. What did the color green represent to the people?

18

color

of death, but also symbolized purity.

spring

.

Yellow

was a symbol of kings and considered to be the most beautiful color. These

2. When did the Chinese start to believe that black was the color of the heavens?
When they

of energy and strength, representing the season of

White was the

1. What gifts did the Chinese usually give at a celebration?

. Green was a(n)

sky

have remained until today.

was

representing
events

symbol

beliefs

heavens

considered

spring

lucky

color
yellow

Lesson 2 • Chinese Beliefs About Colors

19


Science & Social Studies
Science &
ial Studies
o
Sc

3

Healing with Color

Color

COLOR

Key Words
Complete the sentences with the key words.

Before You Read
These study rooms have different wall colors. Which
color do you think is best for you? Why?

mentally

relieving

energizes

healed

affects

calms

1.

My dog

2.

Music always

3.

The wound is almost

4.

Yoga is

5.

This medicine is good for

6.

The color of a room

me.
my dog.
.
and physically good for you.
headaches.
people’s feelings.

Background Knowledge
Visible spectrum
The visible spectrum is a range of light waves.
To the human eye, only these types of light are
visible. We see these colors in a rainbow.

20

Lesson 3 • Healing with Color

21


Science & Social Studies

COLOR

On the other hand, cool colors, such as violet, blue,
15

and green, are thought to have calming effects. They are
thought to make you relaxed. You can use blue and violet
to relieve headaches and heal wounds. They can also
help you get a good night’s sleep.
Try color therapy in your daily life. You can decorate

Healing with Color

20

03

All About Color Therapy

your room with a certain color, wear clothes that have
your favorite color, or eat some colored food. Or, you can
simply imagine that color. But don’t focus on one color
all the time. It might have a bad effect on you! Just try
colorful fruits and vegetables

different colors to see how you feel about them.
Words 214

Focus

Nowadays, natural healing methods are becoming

Why can colors affect
us, according to color
therapists?

more popular. Color therapy is one of the oldest natural
therapies. It has been used since ancient times.

Connect to Yourself
What color would help you feel better now? Why?

According to color therapists, colors can affect us both
5

mentally and physically. That’s because color is light of a
certain wavelength and energy, so each color has unique
healing powers.
Warm colors, such as red, orange, and yellow, are
thought to have energizing effects. Color therapists

Red
Orange
Yellow

Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet

10

believe red can help increase blood flow, reduce
tiredness, and relieve colds. They think yellow helps you
feel better when you feel down. They also think it helps
when you have trouble digesting food.

A wavelength is the distance
between the top of one wave and
the top of the next.

22

Lesson 3 • Healing with Color

23


raphic Organizer & Summary

Reading Comprehension
A. Choose the best answer.
Main idea

Step 1

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

Organize the information with the words from the box.

a. Color therapy is very old.

Healing with Color

b. Color can cause bad feelings.
c. There are cool colors and warm colors.

Warm Colors

Cool Colors

red, orange, and yellow

violet, blue, and green

1) Red

3) Blue and violet

d. Color can be used to help heal our bodies and minds.
Colors Included
Detail

Detail

2. Which colors would help relieve a cold?
a. cool colors

b. warm colors

c. red and green

d. black and white

Effects

3. Which is NOT an example of color therapy mentioned in this passage?
a. eating some colored food

Examples

b. wearing clothes of a certain color

Inference

– helps increase

– relieve

– reduces tiredness

– help heal

– relieves a(n)

– help you to have a good
night’s sleep

2) Yellow

c. focusing on only one color all the time

– makes you feel better

d. decorating your room with a certain color

– helps you

food

4. What can be inferred from this passage?

blood flow

a. The color orange makes the body feel cold.

calming

cold

digest

headaches

energizing

wounds

b. Cool colors help the mind better than warm colors.
c. A blue suit is good to wear when making a presentation.

Step 2

d. Warm colors have a longer-lasting effect than cool colors.
Vocabulary

5. Which can replace the word “methods” in line 1?
a. plays

b. ways

c. roles

d. changes

Complete the summary with the words from the box.
One of the oldest natural therapies, color therapy

uses

colors

people heal. Warm colors such as red, orange and yellow have energizing
effects. Cool colors such as blue, violet and green have
Warm colors can help improve blood flow,

B. Answer the questions.
ancient

.

help you have a good night’s
see how you

2. What colors could help if you need a good night’s sleep? Why?
and

could help because of their

3. Why can colors affect us mentally and physically?

24

effects.

reduce tiredness, and relieve

. On the other hand, cool colors can help relieve headaches and

1. Since when was color therapy used?
It was used since

to help

feel

sleep

. Experiment with different colors to

about them.

effects.

colors

headaches
improve

energizing

reduce

sleep

therapy
colds

calming
feel

Lesson 3 • Healing with Color

25

Art

COLOR

Art

4

Dyeing Naturally

Color

Key Words
Complete the sentences with the key words.

Before You Read
Guess and match each picture with the color
it produces.

Saffron

chemical

unripe

persimmons

strengthens

shade

fabrics

Blue

1.

True Indigo

Henna

Red

Yellow

have a lot of vitamins.

2.

Exercise

3.

These

4.

A strawberry is sour when it is

5.

I’d like a lighter

6.

What are the

our muscles.
are for summer clothes.
.
of blue for my room.
names of these liquids?

Background Knowledge
Dye
Red Onions

Brown

Dye is what people use to change the color of something.
It can be a natural or man-made ingredient. People use
dye to color cloth and hair.

Answer: Saffron-Yellow, True Indigo-Blue, Henna-Brown, Red Onions-Red

26

Lesson 4 • Dyeing Naturally

27


Art

Dyeing Naturally

COLOR

04

Using Persimmons to Color Fabrics
Focus

People usually color fabrics using man-made

What is a reason for
using natural dyes?

To dye fabrics with persimmon juice, first, break up

chemical dyes. However, before people developed these
dyes, what did they use? They used nature’s colors, of
5

some unripe fruit. Then, soak the fabric in the juice. Next,
15

course. Their dyes came mainly from minerals, plants,

it in water or more juice and dry it again. Keep soaking

and animals.

and drying it several times until it’s the right shade. To
get different shades of brown or black, use different

In Korea, people have used unripe persimmons as a
dye for a long time. At first, people living on Jeju Island

amounts of juice and water. You can also get different
20

dyed fishing lines with the fruit to strengthen them. Later,
they used it to make cotton stronger and also to make
10

dry the fabric on the grass under the sun. After that, soak

shades by varying the drying time.
Natural dyeing takes more time and work than using

traditional clothes. These brown-colored clothes are

chemicals. However, wearing clothes colored with natural

called garot which means “persimmon clothes.” They are

dye is healthier for our skin. In addition, these dyes don’t

popular for work and everyday wear on the island.

release harmful chemicals into the environment. These
25

are good reasons for choosing nature’s colors.
Words 220

Connect to Yourself
If you could dye clothes with fruit, what would you use? Why?

28

Lesson 4 • Dyeing Naturally

29


raphic Organizer & Summary

Reading Comprehension
A. Choose the best answer.
Main idea

Step 1

1. What is this passage mainly about?

Organize the information with the words from the box.

a. the process of using persimmon as a natural dye

Process of Persimmon Dyeing

b. persimmon dyeing as a popular choice of coloring on Jeju Island
c. the reason natural dyeing is more difficult than the chemical process

Step 1

d. the reason natural dyeing takes more time than the chemical process
Detail

Detail

2. What were unripe persimmons used for before garot?
a. to dye work clothes

b. to color fishing lines

c. to strengthen cotton

d. to strengthen fishing lines

3. What is NOT a way to get different shades in persimmon dyeing?
a. putting the fabric on the grass
b. using different amount of water
c. soaking the fabric in more juice

Break up some

persimmon.

Step 2

the fabric in the juice.

Step 3

the fabric under

.

Step 4

Soak it in

Step 5

Keep soaking and drying until it’s the right

or

and dry it again.
.

d. drying under the sun for a longer time
Inference

dry

4. What can be inferred from this passage?

juice

shade

soak

the sun

water

unripe

a. Garot comes in all colors.
b. Persimmons are easy to get on Jeju Island.
c. Jeju Islanders make clothes from persimmons.

Step 2

d. People living on Jeju Island don’t eat persimmons.
Vocabulary

5. Which can replace the word “varying” in line 20?
a. reducing

b. changing

c. ordering

On Jeju Island in Korea, people dye fabrics using unripepersimmonsto make

d. increasing

strong

the

the fabric inpersimmon

soak
sun

juice

and dry

.

They used nature’s color which came from minerals ,

the juice. Third, it is

dried

fabric

is soaked in

under the sun. Soaking and drying are

. Compared to chemical

dyes, natural dyes are less harmful to us and the environment.

plants , and animals .

3. What is one negative thing about natural dyeing, compared to the chemical

30

involves several steps. First,

repeated until the fabric turns the right

2. Before people developed chemical dyes, what did they use?

process?

clothes called garot . This traditional clothing is popular

persimmons are crushed. Second, the

1. What are the main steps in persimmon dyeing?
it under

cotton

for work and daily use. Persimmon

B. Answer the questions.

The main steps are to

Complete the summary with the words from the box.

soaking
shade

persimmons
traditional

dyeing
chemical

cotton
dried

fabric
unripe

Lesson 4 • Dyeing Naturally

31


CHAPTER 2

Salt
5

6

A History of
Salt

How would ancient
people get salt?

Why is salt important
in your daily life?

Sci
e

Salt
e
Sci ial
So c

n
S t ce &
ud
ies

Salami and
Kimchi

S
i e n tu d i e s
ce

e
nc

His
t

ory

8

Our Bodies and
Salt

al c
i
c
So & S

7

Salar de Uyuni

BIG IDEA
What can we use salt for?

How would people store
food in ancient times?

What does a desert
look like?

History

SALT

History

5

A History of Salt

Salt

Key Words
Complete the sentences with the key words.

Before You Read
There are two types of salt. Can you
guess where each comes from?

a

b

rare

valuable

collecting

boiling

mining

wages

1.

The man is

2.

Big diamonds are very

3.

Gold is more

4.

I’m

5.

The workers receive their

6.

Kids are

for gold.
.
than silver.
eggs to have for breakfast.
every month.
seashells to make a necklace.

Background Knowledge
Evaporation
When liquid warms up, it soon becomes vapor. The
vapor then goes up into the air.

34

Lesson 5 • A History of Salt

35


History

salt pans at Maras, near Cuzco in Sacred Valley, Peru

10

SALT

Around 6000 B.C., the Chinese began collecting salt
from lakes to flavor their food. This is the oldest recorded

history of salt production. But there were other methods
of collecting salt, too. People in Central Asia mined rock
salt underground around 4500 B.C. Around 3000 B.C.,

15

the Egyptians began to collect salt from evaporated
seawater. By 800 B.C., the Chinese were producing salt

A History of Salt

by boiling seawater. It took less time than waiting for the
seawater to evaporate.

05

From the Stone Age to Modern Times

salt production techniques in
ancient China

Because these methods took a long time, salt was
20

very valuable. In fact, it was even used as money. In
China, people paid taxes with salt. In Rome, soldiers

Focus

were paid part of their wages in salt.

Nowadays, we can find salt in most kitchens. But in

Where did people get
salt in the past?

the past, salt was a rare and valuable mineral. Back in

Salt is now very cheap to buy. But it remains an

the sixth century, salt was even worth as much as gold!
During the Stone Age, people ate a lot of red meat.
5

important part of the human diet, and it is something we
25

can’t live without.
Words 227

Because red meat is naturally rich in salt, people didn’t
need to find salt elsewhere. However, as farming became
popular and people ate more wheat and rice, they had
less salt in their diets. So, people had to search for other

Connect to Yourself
Where does salt mostly come from in your country?

ways to get salt.

36

Lesson 5 • A History of Salt

37


raphic Organizer & Summary

Reading Comprehension
A. Choose the best answer.
Main idea

Step 1

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

Write the numbers in the correct order.

a. Salt is very important because we need it to live.

1

Stone Age

3

4500 B.C.

5

800 B.C.

b. Salt is expensive because of the difficult production process.
c. Salt used to be more valuable before people started farming.
2

d. Salt has been an important and valuable mineral throughout history.
Detail

Detail

2. What is NOT mentioned as a way of getting salt?
a. from farming

b. from lakes

c. through mining

d. through evaporation

4

3000 B.C.

The Chinese began collecting salt from the lakes.
Central Asian people mined rock salt underground.

3. Which is NOT true about salt?

The Chinese learned to get salt by boiling salt water.

a. Salt is very cheap because it is not important anymore.

The Egyptians collected salt from evaporated seawater.

b. The several methods to produce salt all took a long time.
c. During the sixth century, salt was worth as much as gold.

People could get enough salt from eating a lot of red meat.

d. People got enough salt from red meat during the Stone Age.
Inference

6000 B.C.

4. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
a. Salt was only used for cooking.
b. Roman soldiers ate too much salt.

Step 2

c. People in Rome could buy things with salt.

Complete the summary with the words from the box.

d. Roman soldiers were unhappy with their wages.
Vocabulary

5. Which can replace the phrase “rich in” in line 5?

a. full of

b. lacking in

c. low in

d. full from

Salt has been very valuable throughout history. As people started
rice and wheat, they got less salt from red

to find other sources of salt. First, people in China began collecting salt
from lakes. Later in Central Asia,

B. Answer the questions.
1. What made people of the Stone Age search for other ways to get salt?
They got less salt in their diets as

farming

became popular.

2. What is the first recorded method used to get salt?
Around 6000 B.C.,

the

mining

and evaporation methods were

used. Finally, the Chinese produced salt by

seawater. Because these

methods took a long time, salt was so valuable that it was used as

.

It has become cheaper today, but it still remains an important part of our
diet.

Chinese began collecting salt from lakes.

3. Why was boiling seawater better than waiting for the water to evaporate?

38

. Therefore, they needed

boiling

cheaper

farming

meat

collecting
mining

evaporation
sources

money

valuable

Lesson 5 • A History of Salt

39


SALT

Science
Science

6

Our Bodies and Salt

Salt

Key Words
Complete the sentences with the key words.

Before You Read
Which of these foods is the least salty? Which is the
most salty? Put the letters in the order of saltiness.

a

Cheeseburger

e

d

French Fries

g

The Least Salty

function

blood pressure

beating

communicate

Fried Chicken

f

Ramen

Potato Chips

ij

h

Pizza

nerves

c

b

Caesar Salad

preserve

Milk

Orange Juice

The Most Salty

1.

The nurse is taking my blood pressure .

2.

We feel pain through our

3.

The patient’s heart is still

4.

We use telephones to

5.

These days, people

6.

The left and right parts of the brain

.
.
with each other.
food in refrigerators.
in different ways.

Background Knowledge
Mineral
Minerals such as iron are natural materials. You can find
them in the earth. But small amounts of some minerals
are also in the foods you eat. They help your body to
grow and stay healthy.

Answer: ⓘ-ⓗ-ⓐ-ⓓ-ⓖ-ⓒ-ⓑ-ⓕ-ⓔ

40

Lesson 6 • Our Bodies and Salt

41


Science

SALT

However, just as too much salt can ruin the flavor
of food, it can also harm our bodies. Scientists say that
too much salt can cause high blood pressure. This is
15

dangerous because it can lead to heart problems. And
because people tend to like the taste of salty food, heart
problems are becoming more common.

Our Bodies and Salt

Salt is an important mineral that our bodies need. We

Focus

Salt is a type of mineral. Adding a little salt to food

Why is salt important
to our health?

can’t live without it. However, it is wise to pay attention

06

Eat Less or More?

can bring out the food’s natural flavor. It can also be used
to preserve food.

Heart disease is the number one
cause of death for both men and
women in the United States.

20

to the amount of salt in your diet if you care about your
health.
Words 201

Connect to Yourself
How can you know and control the amount of salt in the
food you eat?

Not only does salt improve our diets, it is essential
5

to our health. Our muscles need it to move. Our hearts

need it to beat. Even the brain and nerves need salt to
communicate and function properly. If we do not get

You can see how much salt
the food has on the
nutrition facts label.

enough salt, the systems in our bodies do not work well.
We might get tired, and our thinking might slow down. Our
10

muscles might get sore, or we might even get headaches.
Eating salt helps our bodies and minds work better.

42

Lesson 6 • Our Bodies and Salt

43


raphic Organizer & Summary

Reading Comprehension
A. Choose the best answer.
Main idea

Step 1

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

Organize the information with the words from the box.

a. People should stop eating salt.

Our Bodies and Salt

b. Salt can preserve food better than a refrigerator.
c. High blood pressure is a reason for heart problems.

Causes

d. Salt is necessary, but too much can cause problems.
Detail

Detail

Inference

b. headaches

c. sore muscles

d. tiredness

b. brain

c. heart

d. muscles

Our bodies get tired, and our thinking may slow down.

in salt

Our muscles might get sore, or we might get headaches.

Diet

3. Which part of the body can be harmed by too much salt?
a. hair

The systems in our bodies do not work well.

Diet

2. Which does NOT occur when you don’t get enough salt?
a. fevers

Effects

High blood pressure and

in salt

problems can occur.

Conclusion

4. Which can be inferred from this passage?

Pay attention to the

of salt in your diet if you care about your health.

a. Salt adds more flavor to food than sugar.
b. More people have high blood pressure today.

amount

c. Not enough salt is better for our health than too much salt.

low

high

muscles

pressure

heart

systems

thinking

d. Before people started eating salt, they were much healthier.
Vocabulary

Step 2

5. Which can replace the word “wise” in line 19?
a. skillful

b. foolish

c. wide

d. smart

Salt is used to improve the taste of food and to preserve it. It is also
an important part of our diet. If a(n)

B. Answer the questions.
fl avor

to food and also

it.

3. Why are heart problems becoming more common?.

properly.

heart

cause

high

problems. Therefore, it is wise

to pay attention to the amount of salt in your diet in order for you to stay
.
amount
function

44

in salt can

to work well. However, a diet that is
blood pressure . This can lead to

2. Why do the nerves and brain need salt?
They need salt to communicate and

is low in salt, the systems

in our bodies do not function properly. Our bodies and minds need salt

1. How does salt improve food?
It can add

Complete the summary with the words from the box.

cause
heart

healthy

high

improve
pressure

diet
preserve

Lesson 6 • Our Bodies and Salt

45


Social Studies & Science
ial Studi
Soc Sciencees
&

7

Salar de Uyuni

SALT

Key Words

Salt

Complete the sentences with the key words.

Before You Read
What is the difference between the two
places? And how are they alike?

attraction

salt flat

layers

compare

opportunity

distance

a

Namib Naukluft
National Park,
Namibia, Africa
b

Salar de Uyuni,
Bolivia, South America

1.

The cake has several

2.

People gather salt from the

.

3.

The job interview is a good

for her.

4.

The Eiffel Tower is a tourist

in Paris.

5.

When you

6.

This map shows the

.

her with her brother, she is taller.
between the two places.

Background Knowledge
Perspective
Perspective is a way of making objects or people in a
scene look different based on distance and size.

46

Lesson 7 • Salar de Uyuni

47


Social Studies & Science

Salar de Uyuni

SALT

07

A Photographer’s Playground
Focus

Salar de Uyuni, located in southwest Bolivia, is the

Why can you take fun
photos in Salar de
Uyuni?

largest salt flat in the world. At over 12,000 square

5

Why do these pictures look real? Well, there are
15

kilometers, it looks endless. Because of its incredible

something, we have a way to tell distance and size. Our

beauty, it is a popular tourist attraction. When it rains,

brains compare things to other nearby objects. In this

the area is covered with a thin layer of water. This water

way, we get perspective. However, on the Uyuni salt flat,

acts as a huge mirror for the sky.

there is almost nothing to compare things with, so it is
20

However, it is not just the beauty that attracts
tourists. The area lets them take fun pictures, too. For
10

no objects to give perspective. Normally, when we see

hard to judge the distances between objects.
Salar de Uyuni gives tourists an opportunity to enjoy

example, look at the photos below. The first photo shows

nature’s wonders and have fun at the same time. So

a pair of sunglasses and two people. They look tiny

before you go, look up some fun photo ideas.

compared to the sunglasses, and they look as if they are

Words 223

standing on the frames. In the other photo, it looks as if
Salar de Uyuni is in Bolivia,
South America.

a giant is about to eat a tiny human!

Connect to Yourself
If you could go to Salar de Uyuni, what kind of picture would
you take?

48

Lesson 7 • Salar de Uyuni

49