Tong hop on THPT Quốc Gia 2022

GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

Ph năI:ăV NăPH MăTI NGăANHă12
Ch ngă1:ăTENSES
1.TheăSimpleăPresentăTenseă(ăThìăhi năt iăđ n)
Form:
(V):
I/ We/ You/ They + V (bare infinitive)
He/ She/ It/ Mary + Vs/ es
(not, V): I/ We/ You/ They + don‟t +V
He/ She/ It/ Mary + doesn‟t +V
(V)?
Do + I/ We/ You/ They + V……?
Does + he/ she/ it/ Mary +V……?
Usage:
- Thì hi n t i đ n đ c di n t m t chân lý, m t s th t hi n nhiên
Ex: The sun rises in the East.
They live in England.
I am a student.
- Thì hi n t i đ n di n t m t thói quen, m t hành đ ng x y ra th ng xuyên hi n t i.
Ex: Mary often goes to school by bicycle.
I get up early in the morning.
- Thì hi n t i đ n còn đ c dùng đ di n t m t hành đ ng, s vi c t ng lai s x y ra theo th i gian
bi u ho c ch ng trình, k h ach đư đ nh theo th i gian bi u.
Ex: The train leaves at seven twenty-three tomorrow morning.
I‟ve got the tour details here. We spend three days in Rome.
Các tr ng t th ng đ c dùng chung v i thì hi n t i đ n.

+ often, usually, frequently: th ng
+ always, constantly
: luôn luôn
+ sometimes, occasionally : th nh th ang
+ seldom, rarely
: ít khi, hi m khi
+ every day/ week/ month : m i ngày/ tu n/ tháng
V trí c a các tr ng t ch t n su t:
- Luôn đúng tr c đ ng t th ng
Ex: My mother often goes shooping.
- Th ng đ ng sau đ ng t be và các tr đ ng t .
Ex: I am always at home on Sunday.
2.ăTheăPresentăContinuousăTenseă(Thìăhi năt iăti pădi n)
Form:
I
+am
He/ She/ It/
+is
+V-ing
We/ You/ They +are
Usage:
Thì hi n t i ti p di n di n tư m t hành đ ng hay m t s vi c đang di n ra ngay lúc nói. Cách dùng này
th ng đi kèm v i các tr ng t ho c tr ng ng ch th i gian now, right now, at the moment, at
present…
Ex: The children are playing football now.
What are you doing at the moment ?
Be quiet! The baby is sleeping in the next room.
- Thì hi n t i ti p di n di n t m t hành đ ng ho c s vi c nói chung đang di n ra nh ng không nh t
thi t ph i th c s di n ra ngay lúc nói. Cách dùng này th ng đi kèm v i now, at the moment, today,
this week, this term, this year…

Ex: I‟m quite busy these days. I‟m doing a course at college.
The company I work for isn‟t doing so well this year.
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 1


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

- Thì hi n t i ti p di n di n t m t hành đ ng s p x y ra ( t ng lai g n). Cách dùng này th ng di n
t m t s s p x p ho c m t k h ach đư đ nh.
Ex: He is coming next week.
My parents are planting trees tomorrow.
Note: không dùng thì hi n t i ti p di n v i các đ ng t ch nh n th c, tri giác nh : be, see, hear,
understand, know, like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize, seem, remember,
forget… . V i các đ ng t này thì dùng thì hi n t i đ n thay th .
Ex: I am tired now.
She wants to go for a walk at the moment.
Do you understand the lesson?- Yes, I understand it now.
3.ăTheăPresentăPerfectătense(ăThìăhi năt iăhòanăthƠnh)
Form:
I/ We/ You/ They + have
+ P.P (V3/ed)
He/ She/ It/ Mary +has
Usage:
- Thì hi n t i hòan thành di n t m t hành đ ng ho c s vi c v a m i x y ra.

Ex: I have just seen my sister in the park.
She has finished her homework recently.
- Thì hi n t i hòan thành di n t m t hành đ ng đ c l p đi l p l i nhi u l n quá kh và còn có th
đ c l p l i hi n t i ho c t ng lai.
Ex: Daisy has read that novel several times.
I have seen “Titanic” three times.
- Thì hi n t i hòan thành di n t hành đ ng ho c s vi c x y ra trong quá kh khi ng i nói không
bi t rõ ho c không mu n đ c p đ n th i gian chính xác.
Ex: I have gone to Hanoi.
He has done his housework.
- Thì hi n t i hòan thành di n t m t hành đ ng ho c s vi c đư x y ra trong quá kh nh ng k t qu
v n còn trong hi n t i.
Ex: He has broken his leg, so he can‟t play tennis.
You‟ve broken this watch. (It isn‟t working now)
Các tr ng t th ng đi kèm v i thì hi n t i hòan thành.
+ just, recently, lately: g n đây, v a m i
+ never
: ch a bao gi
+ yet
: ch a
+ for
: trong (kh ang th i gian)
+ since
: t khi (m c th i gian)
+ already
:r i
+ so far = until now = up to now = up to the present: cho đ n bây gi
Note: Các tr ng t này ch đ c dùng kèm v i thì hi n t i hòan thành trong các câu đ n. i v i
câu có t hai m nh đ tr lên ho c trong m t đ an v n thì đ ng t ph i đ c chia theo ng c nh ch
không ph thu c vào các tr ng t .

Ex: He has just seen her. But: He said that he had just seen her.
I have already done my homework. But: When I came, they had already shown the film.
4. TheăpresentăPerfectăContinuousătense.(Thìăhi năt iăhòanăthƠnhăti pădi n)
Form
I/ We/ You/ They +have
+ been + V-ing
He/ She/ It/ Mary +has
Usage:
-Thì hi n t i hòan thành ti p di n di n t hành đ ng ho c s vi c b c đ u trong quá kh và kéo dài
liên t c đ n hi n t i. Cách dùng này th ng đi kèm v i since+m c th i gian, for+kh ang th i gian
Ex: I have been studying French for five years.
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 2


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

They have been living in this city since 1995.
How long have you been waiting for her?
-Thì hi n t i hòan thành ti p di n di n t m t hành đ ng v a m i k t thúc và có k t qu hi n t i.
Ex: You‟ve out of breath. Have you been running?
5.ăTheăSimpleăPastăTenseă(Thìăquáăkh ăđ n)
Form:
S + V-ed/2
Usage:

-Thì quá kh đ n di n t hành đư x y ra trong quá kh , ch m d t r i và bi t rõ th i gian.
Ex: Tom went to Paris last summer.
My mother left this city two years ago.
He died in 1980.
-Thì quá kh đ n di n t hành đư x y ra su t m t kh ang th i gian trong quá kh , nh ng nay đư hòan
tòan ch m d t.
Ex: Mozart wrote more than 600pieces of music.
She worked as a secretary for five years before her marriage.
-Thì quá kh đ n di n t m t thói quen trong quá kh .
Ex: My family always came here for our summer holiday when I still a student.
-Thì qúa kh đ n di n t m t chu i hành đ ng x y ra trong quá kh .
Ex: The man got up, put on his coat, and left.
-Các tr ng t đi kèm: last week/month/year…, ago, yesterday, in 1980.
Note:Khi đ i sang ph đ nh và nghi v n, nh đ a đ ng t v nguyên m u.
6.The PastăContinuousăTense.(Thìăquáăkh ăti pădi n)
Form
I/ We/ You/ They + were
+ V-ing
He/ She/ It/ Mary + was
Usage: Thì quá kh ti p di n di n t :
-Hành đ ng đư x y ra và kéo dài m t th i gian quá kh .
Ex: Yesterday, Mr Moore was working in the laboratory all the afternoon.
What were you doing from 3p.m to 6p.m yesterday?
-Hành đ ng đang x y ra vào m t th i đi m quá kh .
Ex: I was doing my homework at 6p.m last Sunday.
They were practising English at that time.
-Hành đ ng đang x y ra ( quá kh ) thì có m t hành đ ng khác xen vào (hành đ ng kéo dài h n dùng
Past Continuous, hành đ ng ng n h n dùng Simple Past).
Ex: When I came, he was sleeping.
What was she doing when you saw her?

-Hai hành đ ng x y ra song song cùng m t lúc trong quá kh .
Ex: Yesterday, I was cooking while my sister was washing the dishes.
Note: KHông dùng thì quá kh ti p di n v i các đ ng t ch nh n th c, tri giác. Thay vào đó ta
dùng thì quá kh đ n.
Ex: When the students heard the bell, they left.
He felt tired at that time.
7.ăTheăPastăPerfectăTense.(Thìăquáăkh ăhòanăthƠnh)
Form:
S + had + P.P (V3)
Usage:
Thì quá kh hòan thành di n t m t hành đ ng quá kh x y ra tr c m t th i gian quá kh ho c tr c
m t hành đ ng quá kh khác. ( N u trong câu có hai hành đ ng quá kh , hành đ ng nào x y ra tr c
ta dùng Past Perfect, hành đ ng nào x y ra sau ta dùng Simple Past.
Ex: We had lived in Hue before 1975.
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 3


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

When I got up this morning, my father had already left.
After the chidren had finished their homework, they went to bed.
8.ăTheăPastăPerfectăContinuousăTense.(Thìăquáăkh ăhòanăthƠnhăti pădi n)
Form:
S + had + been + V-ing

Usage:
Thì quá kh hòan thành ti p di n di n t m t hành đ ng quá kh đư x y ra và kéo dài liên t c cho đ n
khi hành đ ng quá kh th hai x y ra (hành đ ng th hai dùng Simple Past). Th ng th ng kh ang
th i gian kéo dài đ c nêu rõ trong câu.
Ex: The men had been playing cards for 3 hours before I came.
They had been living in London for 10 years when I met them.
9.ăTheăsimpleăFutureăTense.(Thìăt ngălaiăđ n)
Form:
You/ He/ She/ I/ They + will
+ Vo
I/ We
+ will/ shall
-Vo: ng t nguyên m u không to
-will not = won‟t
shall not = shan‟t
Usage:
-Thì t ng lai đ n th ng di n t m t hành đ ng s x y ra t ng lai.
Ex: He will come back next week.
We will/shall need the money on the 15th
-thì t ng lai đ n đ c dùng di n đ t ý ki n, đ a ra m t l i h a ho c m t quy t đ nh t c thì.
Ex: I think Liverpool will win.
I‟ll phone you tonight.
Các tr ng t đi kèm: someday, next week/ month… , tomorrow, soon.
10.NearăFutureă(Thìăt ngălaiăg n).
Form:
I
+ am
He/ She/It
+is
+ going to + Vo

We/You/They +are
I

+ am
He/ She/It +is
+ V-ing
We/You/They +are
Usage:
Be going to và thì hi n t i ti p di n đ c dùng đ di n t m t hành đ ng s p s a x y ra ho c m t d
đ nh s p t i(th ng th ng trong câu không có c m t ch th i gian).
Ex: My father is retiring.
Where are you going to spend your holidays?
11.ăTheăFutureăContinuousătense.(ăThìăt ngălaiăti pădi n)
Form:
S + will/ shall + be + V-ing
Usage:
-Thì t ng lai ti p di n di n t m t hành đ ng s di n ra và kéo dài su t m t kh ang th i gian t ng
lai.
Ex: Andrew can‟t go to the party. He ‟ll be working all day tomorrow.
-Thì t ng lai ti p di n di n t m t hành đ ng s đang x y ra vào m t th i đi m t ng lai
Ex: He will be doing research at this time tomorrow.
When you come today, I ‟ll be working at my desk.
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 4


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

12. The Future PerfectăTense.(Thìăt ngălaiăhòanăthƠnh)
Form:
S + will/shall +have +V3/ed
Usage:
-Thì t ng lai hòan thành di n t m t hành đ ng s hòan t t tr c m t th i đi m t ng lai. Cách
dùng này th ng đ c dùng v i các c m t ch th i gian b t đ u b ng by: by+m c th i gian, by the
time, by then, by that time…
Ex: I‟ll have finished my work by noon.
They ‟ll have built that house by July next year.
-Thì t ng lai hòan thành di n t m t hành đ ng s hòan t t tr c m t hành đ ng khác trong t ng
lai.
Ex: When you come back, I‟ll have written this letter.
13.ăTheăFutureăPerfectăContinuousăTense.(Thìăt ngălaiăhòanăthƠnhăti pădi n)
Form:
S + will/ shall + have been + V-ing
Usage:
Thì t ng lai hòan thành ti p di n di n t m t hành đ ng b t đ u t quá kh và kéo dài liên t c đ n
m t th i đi m nào đó trong t ng lai.
Ex: By November, we‟ll have been living in this house for 10 years.
Note: 1.Không dùng các thì ti p di n (Continuous Tense) v i các đ ng t ch nh n th c, tri giác
(see, hear, sound, taste, feel…)
2.Không dùng các thì t ng lai (Futute Tense) trong các m nh đ tr ng ng ch th i gian; thì
t ng lai đ c thay b ng thì hi n t i, thì t ng lai hòan thành đ c thay b ng thì hi n t i hòan thành
ho c hi n t i hòan thành ti p di n.
Cách phát âm -s
1. s đ c đ c là /s/ sau các t t n cùng các âm nh : /k/,/t/, /p/,/f/, / /
Ex: work [w :k]works [w :ks]

2. s đ c đ c là /z/ sau các t t n cùng b ng các âm nh : /b/, / /, /g/, /l/, /d/,n/,/m/, /v/, /đ/ và sau các
nguyên âm
Ex: city [sity] cities [sitiz], ring [ri ] rings [ri z]
3. es đ c đ c là /iz/ sau các t t n cùng b ng các âm nh : /s/,/z/, /d /, / /, /ks/,/∫/, /t∫/
Ex: match [mæt∫]matches[mæt∫iz]
Cách phát âm -ed
1./id/ khi nh ng đ ng t t n cùng b ng các âm nh :/t/, ho c /d/
Ex: paint [peint] painted [peintid]
2./t/ khi nh ng đ ng t t n cùng b ng các âm /t∫/, /p/, /f/, /k/, /s/, /∫/,/ /
Ex: stop [st p]  stopped[st pt]
3./d/ khi nh ng đ ng t t n cùng b ng các âm /b/, / /, /g/, /đ/, /n/, /l/, /d/, / /,/d /, /v/, /m/ và các
nguyên âm.
Ex: hurry ['h ri] hurried['h rid]
PRACTICE
* TENSES OF VERBS
EXERCISE 1:Put each verb in brackets into a suitable tense .
1.While I ( try) …….to get my car started , a passing car ( stop)…….and the driver ( offer ) ……to
help.
2.The police ( pay )……..no attention to Clare‟s complaint because she (phone) …...them so many
times before .
3.Mary ( not wear ) ……..her glasses at that time , so she (not notice)……..….what kind of car the
man (drive)……..… .
4.Tony ( admit)………that he ( hit ) ……….the other car , but said that he ( not damage ) ………it .
η.Helen ( feel)………tired , and while she (learn)…………...the lessons , she ( fall)……….. asleep.
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 5


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

θ.Before that sport event at the Olympic Games 2004 , no one ( hear)………... of him .
7 Someone (eat)…………all the cakes. I‟ll have to buy some more.
8. My throat is really sore. I (sing)……….all evening.
9. George (not be )…….back until six .Can you take a message?
10. By the time we reach home , the rain ( stop)………… .
11. This tooth (kill)………me lately ! So I (make) ………an appointment with the dentist for
Tuesday.
EXERCISE 2: Choose the best answer:
1. They _______ for 3 hours when the storm suddenly broke.
a had been running
b. have been running
c. are running
d. will be running
2. No matter what happens next I _______ help you.
a. am
b. have
c. will
d. would
3. I _______ come to the conclusion that nowadays nobody cares about anything.
d. have
a. will
b. had c. do
4. I assumed you _______ paying for the repairs until the end of last year.
d. had been
a. have been

b. was been
c. are being
5. _______ get tired of answering the same questions every day?
a. Have you ever b. Had you ever
c. Do you ever
d. Are you ever
6. She _______ working on that manuscript for 2 years now.
a. will be
b. has been
c. had been
d. is
7. I _______ there once a long time ago and _______ back since.
a. went / have not been
b. go / am not
c. have gone / was
d. was going / had not been
8. She _______ trying to pass her driving test but fails every time.
a. kept
b. is keeping
c. had kept
d. keeps
9. I _______ complete silence now while I try this experiment.
a. am wanting
b. want
c. did want
d. have wanted
10. The students _______ by Mrs. Monty. However, this week they _______ by Mr. Tanzer.
a. are usually taught / are being taught
b. usually teach / are teaching
c. have usually been taught / have been teaching

d. were usually teaching / are teaching
11. In the last hundred years, traveling _______ much easier and more comfortable.
b. has become c. became
d. will become
a. becomes
12. In the 19th century, it _______ two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon.
a. took
b. had taken
c. had taken
d. was taking
13. In the past the trip _______ very rough and often dangerous, but things _______ a great deal in the
last hundred and fifty years.
a. was / have changed
b. is / change
c. had been / will change
d. has been / changed
14. Now you _______ from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.
a. are flying
b. would fly
c. will fly
d. can fly
15. When Carol _______ last night, I ______ my favorite show on television.
a. was calling / watched
b. called / have watched
c. called / was watching
d. had called / watched
16. By this time next summer, you _______ your studies.
a. completes
b. will complete
c. are completing

d. will have completed
17. Right now, Jim _______ the newspaper and Kathy _______ dinner.
a. reads / has cooked
b. is reading / is cooking
c. has read / was cooking
d. read / will be cooking
18. Last night at this time, they _______ the same thing. She _______ and he the Newspaper.
a. are doing / is cooking / is reading
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 6


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

b. were doing / was cooking / was reading
c. was doing / has cooked / is reading
d. had done / was cooking /read
19. When I _______ home last night, I _______ that Jane _______ a beautiful candle light dinner.
a. had arrived / discovered / prepared
b. was arriving / had discovered / was preparing
c. have arrived / was discovering / had prepared
d. arrived / discovered / was preparing
20. The last time I went to the museum was a year ago.
a. I have not been to the museum for a year.
b. A year ago, I often went to the museum.

c. My going to the museum lasted a year.
d. At last I went to the museum after a year.
21. Sam _______ to change a light bulb when he _____ and _____.
a. was trying / slipped / fell
b. tried / was slipping / falling
c. had been trying / slippe/ was falling d. has tried / slips / falls
22. Every day I _____ up at 6 o'clock, ______ breakfast at 7 o'clock and _____ for work at 8 o'clock
a. get / eat / leave
b. have got / eating / leaving
c. got / ate / left
d. will get / have eaten / left
23. Yesterday, I _______ for work late because I _______ to set my alarm.
a. had left / forgot
b. was leaving / was forgetting
c. left / had forgot
d. had been leaving / would forget
24. By the time we _______ to the train station, Susan _______ for us for more than two hours.
a. will get / has been waiting
b. got / was waiting
c. got / had been waiting
d. get / will wait
25. I _____ for this company for more than thirty years, and I intend to stay here until I ____ next
year.
a. am working / will retire
b. am going to work / am retiring
c. work / am going to retire
d. have been working / retire
26. My mother always the first _______ up and the last _______ to bed.
d. to get / to go
a. getting / going b. to get / going

c. getting / to go
27. I _______ you last night after dinner, but you _______ there. Where _______ you?
a. was calling / are not / are
b. called / were not / were
c. had called / had not been / were
d. called / have not been / are
28. The Titanic _______ the Atlantic when it _______ an iceberg.
a. was crossing / struck
b. had crossed / was striking
c. crossed / had struck
d. is crossing / strikes
29. _______ to come over for dinner tonight?
a. Do you want
b. Are you wanting
c. Have you wanted
d. Will you want
30. What _______ at this time tomorrow?
a. will you do
b. will you be doing
c. will you have done
d. will you have been doing

Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 7


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

RELATIVE CLAUSE
M nh đ quan h (relative clause) còn g i là m nh đ tính ng (adjective clause) vì nó là m t m nh đ
ph đ c dùng đ b ngh a cho danh t đ ng tr c nó (ti n ng ). M nh đ quan h đ c n i v i
m nh đ chính b i các đ i t quan h (relative pronoun) WHO, WHOM, WHICH, THAT ho c các
tr ng t quan h (relative adverbs) WHERE, WHEN, WHY.M nh đ quan h đ ng ngay sau danh t
mà nó b ngh a.
I/ Cách dùnh đ i t quan h và tr ng t quan h :
1.WHO: đ i t quan h ch ng i, làm ch ng
Ex: The man who is standing over there is Mr. Pike.
2.WHOM: đ i t quan h ch ng i, làm tân ng .
Ex: The woman whom you saw yesterday is my aunt.
Whom làm tân ng có th l t b trong m nh đ quan h .
Ex: The boy we are looking for is Tom.
3.WHICH: đ i t quan h ch v t, làm ch ng ho c tân ng cho đ ng t đ ng sau nó.
Ex: This is the book which I like best.
Which làn tân ng có th l t b trong m nh đ quan h .
Ex: this is the book I like best.
4. THAT: đ i t quan h ch c ng i l n v t. That có th đ c dùng thay cho Who, whom, which
Ex: That is the book that/which I like best.
My father is the person that/whom I admire most.
Các tr ng h p b t bu c dùng THAT.
-Khi di sau các ti n t h n h p (g m c ng i l n v t.
Ex: I can see a girl and her dog that are running in the park.
-Khi đi sau hình th c so sánh nh t.
Ex: she is the nicest woman that I‟ve ever met.
-Khi đi sau các đ i t everything/one, something/one, anything/one, nothing/one, all, little, much,
none…và đôi khi đi sau It is/ was…

Ex: I have said all that I want to say.
 Các tr ng h p không đ c dùng THAT:
-Không đ c dùng That trong m nh đ không gi i h n.
Ex:The “Romeo and Juliet”, which (that)I borrowed from you, is an interesting book.
-Không đ c dùng THAT đ thay th cho WHOSE
Ex: the person whose(that) opinion I respect most is my father.
5. WHOSE: đ i t quan h ch s s h u, đ ng sau danh t ch ng i ho c v t và thay th cho tính t
s h u tr c danh t .. Whose luôn luôn đi kèm v i danh t .
Ex: The boy whose bicycle you borrowed yesterday is Tom.
6.WHEN: tr ng t quan h ch th i gian, đ ng sau danh t ch th i gian.When đ c dùng thay cho
at/on/in which, then
Ex: May Day is the day when (on which) people hold a meeting.
7. WHERE: tr ng t quan h ch n i ch n, đúng sau danh t ch n i ch n. Where đ c dùng thay cho
at/in/on which, there
Ex: Do you know the country where(in which) I was born?
8.WHY: tr ng t quan h ch lý do, đ ng sau the reason. why đ c dùng thay cho for which
Ex: Please tell me the reason why (for which) you are so sad.
II/ Phân lo i m nh đ quan h .
1.Defining relative clauses (m nh đ quan h xác đ nh): đây là l ai m nh đ c n thi t vì ti n ng ch a
xác đ nh, không có nó, câu s không đ ngh a.
Ex: The man who keeps the school library is Mr.Green.
2.Non-defining relative clauses (m nh đ quan h không xác đ nh): ây là l ai m nh đ không c n
thi t vì ti n ng đư đ c xác đ nh, không có nó câu v n đ ngh a.
Ex: That man, whom you saw yesterday, is Mr.Pike.
M nh đ quan h không xác đ nh đ c ng n v i m nh đ chính b ng các d u ph y. Tr c danh
t th ng có: this, that, these, those, my, his…ho c tên riêng
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 8

GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

III/ Gi i t trong m nh đ quan h .
-Trong tr ng h p đ ng t c a m nh đ quan h có gi i t , ta đem gi i t đ t ra tr c m nh đ quan
h .(tr c whom, which)
Ex: The man to whom Mary is talking is Mr.Pike.
The shop from which I got my stereo has lots of bargains.
-Ta c ng có th b whom, which và đ t gi i t ra sau đ ng t c a m nh đ quan h xác đ nh.
Ex: The man Mary is talking to is Mr.Pike.
The shop I got my stereo from has lots of bargains
-Khi dùng that và who, ta không đ a gi i t ra tr c.
Ex: The man that/who Mary is talking to is Mr.Pike.
Not the man to that/who Mary is talking is Mr.Pike.
-Khi gi i t đ ng cu i m nh đ quan h là thành ph n c a c m t (phrasal verbs)thì ta không đem gi i
t ra tr c whom, which.
Ex: This is the book which I‟m looking for.
That is the child whom you have to look after.
IV/ D ng rút g n c a m nh đ quan h .
1.M nh đ quan h có th đ c rút g n b ng cách dùng c m phân t (participle phrase):
a.
present participle phrase: V-ing
b.
past participle phrase: V-ed/3
-N u đ ng t trong m nh đ quan h th ch đ ng (active), ta dùng c m phân t hi n t i thay cho
m nh đ đó (b đ i t quan h và tr đ ng t , đ a đ ng t chính v nguyên m u r i thêm –ing)

Ex1: The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle.
 The man sitting next to you is my uncle.
Ex2: Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night?
 Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night?
-N u đ ng t trong m nh đ quan h th b đ ng (passive), ta dùng c m phân t quá kh thay cho
m nh đ đó (b đ i t quan h và tr đ ng t , b t đ u c m t b ng V-ed/3)
Ex: The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting.
 The books written by To Hoai are interesting.
2.M nh đ quan h có th đ c rút g n b ng cách dùng đ ng t nguyên m u có to (to-infinitive) ho c
c m đ ng t nguyên m u (for + O + to-inf)
Ex1: English is an important language which we have to master.
 English is an important language to master.
Ex2: I am always the first person who come early and the last one who leave.
 I always the first person to come early and the last one to leave
rút g n b ng cách dùng đ ng nguyên m u có to khi tr c danh t th ng có nh ng c m t ch th
t , duy nh t (the first, second, third…the last, the only…)ho c ch m c đích, so sánh nh t.
3. M nh đ quan h có th đ c rút g n b ng cách dùng c m t (phrase) khi BE là đ ng t chính c a
m nh đ quan h . Ta l c b đ i t quan h và đ ng t Be
Ex 1: The books that are on that shelf are mine
 The books on that shelf are mine.
G. Washington, who was the 1st president of the U.S, was a general in the army.

G. Washington, the 1st president of the U.S, was a general in the army.
V/ Nh ng tr ng h p đ c bi t:
1. Dùng which đ b ngh a cho toàn câu: which d c dùng đ thay th cho This, that ( ch ý c a
toàn câu). Ta đ t d u ph y tr c m nh đ quan h .
2. Ch dùng that trong m t s tr ng h p sau:
- Khi danh t mà đ i t quan h b ngh a có first, last, all, any, some, only, very hay so sánh
nh t.
- Khi m nh đ chính có: Ităis/ăwasă……….

- Khi ti n t bao g m ng iăvƠăv t.
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 9


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

Ex:
+ He is the most courageous man that ever lived.
+ All the people that I have met have disliked him.
+ Any paper that you read will give you same story.
+ It is the teacher that decides what to read.
+ He is the only boy that can do well.
+ He talked of the men and the books that interested him

PRACTICE
TASK 1: Combine the sentences , using relative clauses and insert commas where necessary.
1. Mary said that there should be a notice up warning people. Mary's children couldn't swim.
……………………………………………………………………………
2.David is going to talk about careers. I‟m sure you all know him.
……………………………………………………………………………
3.I remember the day .I was afraid to use my new computer then.
……………………………………………………………………………
4.Some people dream of a job. They can do the job without technology.
……………………………………………………………………………

5.You sent me a present. Thank you very much for it.
……………………………………………………………………………
6.There wasn't any directory in the telephone box. I was phoning from this box.
…………………………………………………………………………….
7.She refuses to use machines. This makes her work more arduous.
…………………………………………………………………………….
8. He paid me £5 for cleaning ten windows. Most of them hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
…………………………………………………………………………………
9.The Earls of Euston were landowners in London. Euston Station is named after them.
…………………………………………………………………………………
10.Emilia and I shared a room. We spent nights talking there.
…………………………………………………………………………………
TASK 2 : Add the correct relative pronoun or adverb to complete the sentence.
1. She is one of the few people to ………….I look up.
2. The Newspaper is owned by the Mearson Group, ………….chairman is Sir James Bex.
3. The Titanic, ………..sank in 1922, was supposed to be unsinkable.
4. One of the people arrested was Mary Arundel, ………..is a member of the local council.
η. Mai was looking for a dog ……….leg had been broken in an accident.
θ. The earth, ……….is the fifth largest planet in the solar system, is the third planet from the sun.
7. Ha Noi, ……….thousands of tourists come to visit every year, is the capital of Viet Nam.
8. I don‟t know the reason ………he was absent yesterday morning.
9. People ………..outlook on life is optimistic are usually happy people.
10. Do you remember the department …………we bought these shirts?
TASK 3: Choose the best answer:
1. Is there anything else _______ you want to ask?
d. that
a. what
b. where
c. whom
2. They have just visited the town _______ location was little known.

a. where
b. whose
c. which
d. that
3. He lives in a small town _______.
a. where is called Taunton
b. which is called Taunton
c. is called Taunton
d. that called Taunton
4. The house _______ is more than 100 years old.
a. where I live
b. in where I live
c. in that I live
d. where I live in
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 10


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

5. _______ want to get a good job have to have certain qualifications and experience.
a. Who
b. Those which
c. Those who d. Those whom
6. King Henry, _______ was Elizabeth I, led England into the Age of Empire.

a. daughter
b. whom daughter
c. which daughter
d. whose daughter
7. The last time when I saw her was three years ago.
a. I have often seen her for the last three years.
b. About three years ago, I used to meet her.
c. I have not seen her for three years.
d. I saw her three years ago and will never meet her again
8. Before _______ for a position, check whether you can fulfill all the requirements from the
employer.
a. deciding
b. applying
c. requiring
d. demanding
9. He likes shopping between 1.00 and 3.00 pm, _______ most people are at home.
a. when
b. where
c. in which
d. at that
10. Birds make nests in trees _______ they can hide their young in the leaves and branches.
b. where
c. that
d. in that
a. which
11. He lent me _______ yesterday.
a. the book I need
b. the book when I need
c. which book I need
d. the book whose I need

12. We have a lot of things that we have to do today.
a. doing
b. to do
c. done
d. do
13. The young man who lives next door is very kind to my family.
a. to live next door
b. he lives next door
c. living next door
d. lived next door
14. Ms Young, to _______ many of her students are writing, is living happily and peacefully in
Canada.
a. who
b. whom
c. that
d. whose
15. I saw a lot of new people at the party, _______ seemed familiar.
a. some of whom b. some of who
c. whom
d. some of that
16. My friend eventually decided to quit her job, _______ upset me a lot
c. which
d. who
a. that
b. when
17. He is the man _______ car was stolen last week.
a. whom
b. that
c. which
d. whose

18. It was the worst winter ____ anyone could remember.
b. which
c. where
d. why
a. when
19. I would like to know the reason _______ he decided to quit the job.
a. why
b. which
c. that
d. when
20. She always had wanted to go to places _______ she could speak her native tongue.
d. where
a. that
b. in that
c. which
21. February is the month ____ many of my colleagues take skiing holidays.
a. when
b. that
c. in that
d. which
22. Anyone _____ scholastic record is above average can apply for the scholarship.
A. who has a
B. has a
C. who‟s a
D. whose
23. Florida, ______ the Sunshine state, attracts many tourists every year.
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. 

24. Is this the address to ____ you want the package sent?
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. 
25. They expect that the new book will be bought by people _____ interested in English history.
A. 
B. are
C. who
D. that
26. “Do you have the book ____ the teacher?”
A. that it belongs to
B. to which belongs
C. to which belongs to D. that belongs to
27. “Were you able to locate the person _______ wallet you found?”
A. which
B. that his
C. whose
D. that‟s
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 11


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

28. The movie ____ last night was terrific.
A. I went
B. I went to
C. I went to it
D. where I went to
29. I read the book about Picasso, _____ Spanish artist.
A. a
B. is a
C. who a
D. that is a
30. I have 17 students, ____ speak English very well.
A. who
B. whose names
C. 
D. that
31. Is Dr Brown the person ____ you wish to speak?
A. that
B. whom
C. to whom
D. 
32. We went back to look at the house ________ we used to live.
A. where
B. which in
C. which
D. 
33. Dr Bean is a person _____ don‟t have much confidence.
A. in whom I
B. whom I
C. in whom
D. that

34. The new shopping mall is advertised as a place _______ u can find anything u want to buy in.
A. which
B. where
C. in which
D. in where
35. Ann quit her job at the advertising agency, _______ she has worked for along time.
A. in that
B. where
C. on which
D. which in
36. I‟ve always wanted to visit Paris, ____ capital of France.
A. is the
B. that is the
C. which the
D. the
37. The voters were against the candidate ______ proposals called for higher taxes.
A. who his
B. whose
C. whom
D. where
38. Some fish ________ sold in the supermarket is frozen.
A. that
B. 
C. which are
D. which were
39. The government needs to establish more shelters to care for those _______ have homes.
A. who don‟t
B. who doesn‟t
C. which don‟t
D. which doesn‟t

40. The spectators_______ the acrobat turn circles the air were horrified when he missed the hands of
his partner.
A. watched
B. to watch
C. watching
D. which was watching
41. In the movie, a teenager ______ to pursue a singing career meets resistance from his father.
A. who want
B. wants
C. wanted
D. wanting
42. She is marrying a man ______.
A. that she hardly knows him B. she hardly
C. whom she hardly
D. she hardly
knows
knows him
knows him
43. The chemistry book ____ was a little expensive.
A. I bought
B. I bought it
C. that I buy
D. to buy
44. She gives her children everything ______ they want.
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. whose
45. What was the name of the girl ______ passport was stolen?
A. whose

B. who has a
C. who has the
D. 
46. The bed _______ I slept in was too soft.
A. in which
B. where
C. on which
D. 
47. The man to ___ she is married has been married twice b4.
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. 
48. This is an awful film. This is the worst ______ I have ever seen.
A. which
B. whom
C. where
D. that
49. The letters _______ to the local magazine yesterday were written by me.
A. which sent
B. which was sent
C. to be sent
D. sent
50. The reception is his first job ______with a high salary.
A. which pays
B. to pay
C. paid
D. to be paid
51. The problem ______ never occurred.
A. I had expected it

B. who I had expected C. that I had expected it D. I had expected
52. The severe drought ____ occurred last summer ruined the corn crop.
A. that it
B. which it
C. it
D. that
53. People who exercise frequently have greater physical endurance than those _______.
A. who don‟t
B. who doesn‟t
C. that doesn‟t
D. which don‟t
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 12


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

54. My grand father, _____ a wise man, has greatly influenced my life.
A. that is
B. is
C. who he is
D. 
55. Tom, _______ a monitor of the class, is also the captain of the football.
A. that is
B. is

C. whose
D. 
56. My friend, _____aunt is a nurse, would like to be a doctor someday.
A. who has
B. who is
C. who has a
D. whose
57. The dog, _____ tail I stepped on, bit me.
A. which has a
B. which of
C. whose
D. which is
58. My father gave me the doll _____ I „d been hoping.
A. which
B. whom
C. for which
D. for whom
59. He sees boys, girls, cats and dogs _____ move around in the garden.
A. which
B. whom
C. 
D. that
60. The Titanic, ______in 1922, was supposed to be unsinkable.
A. sank
B. that sank
C. which was sinking
D. which sank
61. Ann enjoys taking a walk at night, _____ the street are quiet.
A. which
B. when

C. where
D. 
62. He was the first man ______ from the burning house.
A. who saves
B. saving
C. to save
D. to be saved
63. I cannot tell you all ____ I saw yesterday.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. where
64. He has just gone to his friend‟s house, _______ there is a party today.
A. which
B. where
C. on which
D. when
65. He is the only friend ________ I like.
A. whom
B. that
C. who
D. in which
66. He talked about the books and the authors _______ impressed him.
A. who
B. that
C. whom
D. 
67. The knife ______ we cut bread is very sharp.
A. which
B. where

C. with which
D. in which
68. Cathy is trustworthy. She‟s a person upon ____ u can always depend.
A. who
B. that
C. whom
D. 
69. The man ____ I introduced you to the previous week may be the next president of the university.
A. whom
B. that
C. 
D. All are correct
70. Your career should focus on a field _______ you are genuinely interested.
A. on which
B. that
C. in which
D. which

Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 13


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

Ch ngă3:ăCONDITIONAL SENTENCES and WISHES

I.M nh đ đi u ki n là m nh đ ph ch đi u ki n, đ c n i v i m nh đ chính b i liên t IF nên còn
đ c g i là m nh đ if (if-clause). Câu có m nh đ đi u ki n (Conditional sentence).
Có 3 l ai câu đi u ki n đ c phân theo b ng công th c sau.
TYPE
MAIN CLAUSE
IF-CLAUSE
I. Real in the present will
can
or future ( có th t
shall
+ Vo
hi n t i ho c t ng
may
lai)
Simple Present
Simple present
(V1)
(ch m t s th t, m t quy
lu t ho c m t thói quen)
II/ Unreal in the
present (không có
th t hi n t i)
III/ Unreal in the
past (không có th t
quá kh )
IV/ Mixed type
( đi u ki n quá kh ,
k t qu hi n t i )

could

would
should + Vo
might
could
would
should +have +Ved/3
might
could
would
should + Vo
might

Past Simple
(Ved/2…bewere)

Past perfect
(had + Ved/3)
Past perfect
(had + Ved/3)

Ex: If I have time, I‟ll help you.
If I heat ice, it turns/will turn to water.
If I were you, I would come there.
He would have passed his exam if he had studied hard.
If he had done as my advice, he wouldn‟t be in difficulty now.
M nh đ đi u ki n có th đ ng tr c ho c sau m nh đ chính.
 i v i đi u ki n l ai 2 & 3, ta có th đ o ng b ng cách đ o ng .
Ifă+ăSă+ăwere………,ămainăclauseăă Wereă+ăS………,ămainăclause
Ifă+ăSă+ăhadă+ăVed/3……,ămainăclauseăHadă+ăSă+ăVed/3…,ămainăclause
II.Trong m nh đ đi u ki n, ta có th thay liên t IF b ng UNLESS (n u… không, tr phi). Unless

t ngăđ ngăv iăIf…not
IF-CLAUSE
 UNLESS
Th ph đ nh
 kh ng đ nh (m nh đ chính không thay đ i)
Th kh ng đ nh
 kh ng đ nh (đ i đ ng t trong m nh đ chính
sang th ph đ nh)
Ex: If you don‟t study hard, you‟ll fail in the exam.
 Unless you study hard, you‟ll fail in the exam.
If she doesn‟t water these trees, they will die.
 Unless she waters these trees, they will die.
3. Provide (that), On condition(that), As long as (mi n là, v i đi u ki n là), Suppose, Supposing (gi
s nh ), In case (trong tr ng h p. Even if (ngay c khi, dù cho)… có th dùng thay cho IF trong câu
đi u ki n.
Ex: In case I forget, please remind me of my promise.

Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 14


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

III. Clauses after wish:
1.Future wish.

S + wish (es) + S + would +V(- to)
could
Eg: He wish he would be an astronaut in the future.
2.Present wish:
S + wish (es) + S + V (ed/2)

Be were

Eg: I can‟t swim I wish I could swim.
My mother isn‟t here. I wish my mother were here.
3.Past wish:
S + wish (es) + S + V(had_Ved/3)
(could + have _ Ved/3)
Eg: I wish I had met him yesterday.
He wishes he could have been there last Sunday.
PRACTICE
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
TASK 1:Rewrite the sentences , beginning with the words in brackets
1. I‟ll call the police if you don‟t leave me alone! ( Unless)
…………………………………………………………..
2. I didn‟t have an umbrella with me and so I got wet. ( If )
……………………………………………………………….
3. You press this button to stop the machine. ( If )
……………………………………………………………….
4. If you see Peter , tell him he should be here at 8.00 . (Should)
………………………………………………………………..
5. Provided that you leave an address we will be able to contact you .(Unless)
………………………………………………………………………
θ. Without Jack‟s help , I wouldn‟t have been able to move the table .(If )
………………………………………………………………………..

7. He would have lent you his car if you‟d asked him . ( Had )
………………………………………………………………………..
8. If you changed your mind , you ‟d be welcome to join us. ( Were)
……………………………………………………………………….
9. They are having a row because she borrowed his tennis racket and lost it. (If)
………………………………………………………………………
10. Unless you save some money , you will never be able to buy a car.( Provided)
……………………………………………………………………….
TASK 2. Supply the correct tenses of verbs given in these sentences
1. We don‟t go out unless it ( STOP )…………….raining.
2. We ( CALL )………….the police now if he didn‟t give me back the bike.
3. You would not be able to do this test well if your English ( BE ) ………….not good.
4. If we ( not HAVE ) ……….enough rain last year , we ( not GROW ) …………rice well.
η. The men could not have caught those fish unless they ( HAVE ) ………….good nets.
θ. He ( not LEARN )……………much if he did not work harder.
7. If you read this book carefully, you ( UNDERSTAND ) …………it.
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 15


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

8. He ( WRITE )……………to you if he heard some news.
9. We really help him if he really ( NEED ) ………….us.
10. If he ( not HAVE ) …………an accident last night, he ( not BE) ………….in hospital now.

TASK 3: Choose the best answer:
1. I am flying to the States tonight. I ______ you a ring if I can find a phone.
a. will give
b. would give c. could give
d. have given
2. We'll need more staff _______ we start the new project.
a. unless
b. whether
c. in case
d. or
3. If I _______ 10 years younger, I _______ the job.
a. am / will take
b. was / have taken
c. had been / will have taken
d. were / would take
4. _______ I had learnt English when I was at high school.
a. Unless
b. Even if
c. If
d. If only
5. You are not allowed to use the club's facilities _____ you are a member.
a. unless
b. if
c. provided
d. supposed
6. If she _______ the train last night, she here now.
a. took / were
b. were taking / is
d. had taken / would be
c. had taken / would have been

7. _______ if a war happened?
a. What you would do
b. What would you do
c. What will you do
d. What will you do
8. I would send her a fax if I _______ her number.
a. know
b. knew
c. had known
d. could know
9. _______ it were well paid, I would accept this proposal.
a. Providing
b. Unless
c. But for
d. If only
10. _______ more carefully, he would not have had the accident yesterday:
a. If Peter driven
b. If had Peter driven
c. Had Peter driven
d. Unless Peter had driven
11. If you _______ to my advice, you _______ in trouble now.
a. listened / were not
b. listen / are not.
c. had listened / would not have been
d. had listened / would not be
12. If you take the 8 a.m. flight to New York you _______ change planes.
a. could not have to
b. will not have to
c. had not had to
d. would not to have to

13. If it _______ warm yesterday, we would have gone to the beach.
a. was
b. were
c. had been
d. could be
14. If it _______ an hour ago, the streets _______ wet now.
b. had rained / would be
a. were raining / will be
c. rained / would be
d. had rained / would have been
15. _______ here, he would helped us with these troubles.
a. Were Peter
b. If were Peter
c. Unless were Peter
d. Unless Peter were
16. _______ that problem with the car, we wouldn't have missed the speech.
a. If we had had
b. If had we had
c. Unless we had had
d. Provided that we had had
17. If I were a little taller, I _____ be able to water the plant on tl.1etop shelf.
a. did
b. would
c. had
d. would have
18. If you hear from Susan today, _______ her to ring me.
a. tell
b. to tell
c. telling
d. will tell

19. She had to have the operation _______.
a. unless she would dies
b. if she would die
c. otherwise she will die
d. or she would die
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 16


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

20. If the traffic _______ bad, I may get home late.
a. is
b. were
c. was
d. had been
21. If I were taller, I could reach the top shelf:
a. I am not tall enough to reach the top shelf.
b. I am too tall to reach the top shelf.
c. I cannot reach the top shelf because I am very tall.
d. In spite of being tall, I cannot reach the top shelf.
22. If only I had studied hard enough to pass the final exam.
a. I regret not studying hard enough to pass the final exam.
b. I had studied hard enough and I passed the final exam.
c. I studied too hard to pass the final exam.

d. I studied hard otherwise I would fail the final exam.
23. Peter said if he were me he would stop smoking.
a. I wanted Peter to stop smoking and he promised to do.
a. Peter promised to stop smoking.
c. Peter said he would stop smoking as I wanted him to.
d. Peter advised me to stop smoking.
24. I will agree to these conditions provided that they increase my salary.
a. They did not increase my salary so I quit the job.
b. I will only agree these conditions if they give me more money.
c. They give me more money or I will only agree these conditions.
d. Unless they give me more money, I will only agree these conditions.
25. If it last night, it _______ so hot today.
a. rained / is not
b. was raining / were not
b. had rained / would not have been
d. had rained / would not be
26. Without your recommendation, we _______ any success last year.
d. would not have got
a. had not got
b. did not get
c. will not have got
27. ______ he gets here soon, we will have to start the meeting without him.
a. Suppose
b. Provided
c. Unless
d. If
28. _______ as much money as Bill Gates of Microsoft, I would retire.
a. Did I have
b. If did I have
c. Unless I had

d. If I had had
29. If I _______ it was a formal party, I wouldn't have gone wearing jeans and a jumper.
a. knew
b. had known c. had been knowing d. could know
30. Tom's company will almost certainly fire him _______ he improves his attitude.
a. unless
b. or
c. otherwise
d. if
31. If my client _______ me her fax number, I _______ to post a letter to her.
a. gave,/ will not have
b. will give / do not have
c. had given / wouldn't have had
d. had given / will not have had
32. _______ I had brought my laptop to the meeting yesterday.
a. If
b. If only
c. Even if
d. As if
33. If I _______ the lottery last week, I _______ rich now.
a. had won / would be
b. had won / would have been
c. won / would be
d. won / would have been
34. Carrie said she will join the company if the starting salary _______ her expectations.
a. meets
b. met
c. has met
d. had met
35. I wish I __________a computer now.

a. Had had
b. Had
c. Will have
d. Have
36. I wish everything __________so expensive.
a. Wouldn‟t be
b. Would be
c. Weren‟t
d. Could be
37. If Michelle hadn‟t been wearing a sent belt, she ________ injured.
a. Would Be
b. Was
c. Would have been d. Can be
38. If gasoline vapor ________ with air, combustion will occur.
a. Mixed
b. Had mixed
c. Mixes
d. Mixture
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 17


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

39. ___________children are with an adult, they are not allow to use the
a. Unless
b. Though

c. If
40. If people drove more carefully, __________fewer accidents.
a. There will be
b. There are
c. There would be
41. If Hoa _________ a rain wet, she wouldn‟t have caught a cold.
a. Had had
b. Has had
c. Had
42. We‟ll send you the invitation if you ________ us the address.
a. Tell
b. Told
c. Will tell
43. What _________ happen if there were no water on earth.
a. Will
b. Would
c. Could
44. If John had had a car, he ____________the job.
a. Would lose
b. Would have lost c.Will lose
45. I wish I _________hard last year.
a. Worked
b. Had worked
c. Work

ng THPT B c Liêu

swimming pool.
d. For
d. There have been

d. Has
d. Have told
d. Did
d. Wouldn‟t have lost
d. Would work

TASK 4: There is a mistake in the four underlined parts of each sentences. Find a mistake ( A, B,
C, D).
1. What would you do if you have change to travel in the submarine ?
A
B
C
D
2. I had gone to see you if I‟d known that you were ill?
A
B
C
D
3. If I were you, I would have forgotten about buying a new car.
A
B
C
D
4. If this road was widened, cars and lorries can get to our village.
A
B
C
D
5. What would happen if there was no plants on earth ?
A

B
C
D
TASK 5: Choose the sentences that has the same meaning as the original one.
1. I‟ll let you borrow the book but you miss promise to return it next week.
A. If you promise to return the book, I let you borrow it.
B. If you promise to return the book, I‟ll let you borrow it.
C. If you promise to return the book next week, I‟ll let you borrow it.
D. If you promise to return the book next week, I won‟t let you borrow it.
2. There will be a shortage of water unless it rains.
A. If it didn‟t rain, there will be a shortage of water.
B. If it doesn‟t rain, there would be a shortage of water.
C. If it doesn‟t rain, there will be a shortage of water.
D. If it rains, there will be a shortage of water.
3. It‟s a pity, I can‟t play chess.
A. I wish I can play chess.
B. I wish I could play chess.
C. I wish I could played chess.
D. I wish I play chess.
4. I want to buy him a T-shirt on his birthday but I haven‟t got any money.
A. I‟d buy him a T-shirt on his birthday if I had some money.
B. I‟d buy him a T-shirt on his birthday if I had few money.
C. I‟d buy him a T-shirt on his birthday if I have some money.
D. I‟d buy him a T-shirt on his birthday if I have few money.
5. I can‟t find my pen.
A. I wish I knew where my pen was.
B. I wish I know where is my pen.
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 18

GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

C. I wish I knew where is my pen.
D. I wish I knew my pen where.
6. We got lost because we didn‟t have a map.
A. If we had had a map, we wouldn‟t have got lost.
B. If we had a map, we wouldn‟t have got lost.
C. If we had had a map, we wouldn‟t get lost.
D. If we had had a map, we didn‟t get lost.
7. Mai felt sick because he ate stale food.
A. If Mai hadn‟t eaten stale food, she wouldn‟t have felt sick.
B. If Mai had eaten stale food, she wouldn‟t have felt sick.
C. If Mai eat stale food, she wouldn‟t have felt sick.
D. If Mai hadn‟t eaten stale food, she would have felt sick.
TASK 6: Complete the sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.
1. I didn‟t have the money so I didn‟t buy the car.
If I ……………………………………………..…………………………………………….
2. If you don‟t tell me the reason, I won‟t leave.
Unless ………………………………………....…………………………………………….
3. I don‟t have enough money now so I don‟t buy this nice hat.
If I …………………………………………….…………………………………………….
4. He didn‟t have any breakfast this morning and now he feels so hungry.
If he …………………………………………..…………………………………………….
5. I am so tired so I don‟t go out with you.

If I ………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. Water these plants or they will wither.
If you ………………………………………...…………………………………………….

Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 19


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

Ch

ng THPT B c Liêu

ng 4: REPORTED SPEECH

I/ăNguyênăt căchung:
1. L p l i d ng t t ng thu t SAID ho c đ i SAID TO thành TOLD.
Eg: Mary said to me: “ I saw them at the school gate.”
Mary told me that she had seen them at the school gate.
2.
i d u ph y ho c d u hai ch m thành THAT, và b d u trích d n.
3.
i đ i t nhân x ng và s h u n u c n thi t, tùy theo ngh a c a câu.
4.
i đ ng t trong l i tr c ti p lùi v m t thì n u nh đ ng t
l i gián ti p là thì quá kh đ n

DIRECT SPEECH
REPORTED SPEECH
Simple present
Simple past
Present continuous
Past continuous
Present perfect
Past perfect
Simple Past
Past perfect
Past continuous
Past perfect continuous
Simple future
Future in the past
Conditional sentence type 1
Conditional sentence type 2
Conditional sentence type 2
Unchanged
Conditional sentence type 3
5.
i các t ch v th i gian và n i ch n sao cho ngh a trong câu gián ti p h p lý, rõ ràng.
DIRECT SPEECH
REPORTED SPEECH
This
That
These
Those
Here
There
Now

Then
Today
That day
Ago
Before
Tomorrow
The next day/the following day
Yesterday
The day before/ the previous day
Next week
The following week
Last week
The previous week
II/ Statements in Reported speech:
S + said
+ (that) + clause*
told + O
(*clause : thay đ i thì, đ i t , c m t ch n i ch n, th i gian)
Vd: „We will have a test tomorrow‟,My teacher said.
-> My teacher said (that) we would have a test the next day.
III/ Questions in Repoted Speech:
 Câu h i Yes- No: ( yes/ no question)
S + asked + ( O ) + if / whether + clause*
(*clause: Tr t t t dùng nh câu tr n thu t , thay đ i thì, đ i t , c m t ch n i ch n,
th i gian).
EX: She asked : “ Will it rain tonight ?”
She asked me if it would rain that night.
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 20

GV: Tr n Th My



Câu h i có v n t đ h i:( wh - question)

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

S+ +asked +( O ) + wh- word + clause*
(*clause: Tr t t t dùng nh câu tr n thu t , thay đ i thì, đ i t , c m t ch n i ch n,
th i gian).
EX:

He said , “ Where can I
find her in this town ?”
He asked me where he could find her in that town.

IV/ Reported Speech with infinitive:
-Khi l i nói tr c ti p là l i đ ngh , ý đ nh, l i h a, l i yêu c u… đ ng t t ng thu t cùng v i đ ng
t nghuyên m u theo sau nó th ng đ c dùng đ chuy n t i n i dung l i nói trên.
-Tùy theo nhóm đ ng t t ng thu t, ta có v trí c a đ ng t nguyên m u (to-V) nh sau
Ask(đ ngh )
Advise(khuyên)
Beg(c u xin)
Command( ra l nh)
Encourage (c v )

Expect (mong đ i)
Instruct (h ng d n)
+to V
Subject Invite (m i)
+Object +not to V
Order (ra l nh)
Persuade (thuy t ph c)
Recommend (khuyên)
Tell (b o)
Urge (thúc gi c)
Warn (c nh báo)
Want (mu n)
…………………………………………
Ex: He ordered: “ Do it!”
 He ordered me to do it.
“Don‟t forget to locked the door,” my mother said to me.
 My mother reminded me not to forget to lock the door.
to lock the door.
A. L i đ ngh
Would you/Could you/Will you/Can youasked+sb+to V
Would you mind/do you mind
 asked+sb+to V
Ex: “Will you lend me your dictionary?” Mai told me.
 Mai asked me to lend her my dictionary.
B. L i m i:
Would you like/ Will you invited + sb + to V
Ex: “ Will you have breakfast with me?” he said.
 He invited me to have lunch with him.
C. L i khuyên
Should/ought to/had better/why don‟t you/ If I were youadvised+sb + to

Ex: “ Why don‟t you send her a bouquet of flower?”
 He advised me to send her a bouquet of flower.
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 21


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

III/ Reported with Gerund
-Khi l i nói tr c ti p là l i đ ngh , l i chúc m ng, l i cám n, l i xin l i…đ ng t t ng thu t
cùng v i danh đ ng t (V-ing)theo sau đó th ng đ c dùng đ chuy n t i n i dung l i nói trên.
A. Reporting Verb + Gerund (V-ing)
Ex: They said: “Let‟s not drink a lot of wine when we feel tired.”
 They suggested not drinking a lot of wine when they feel tired.
 reporiing Verb +(sb) +Preposition +V-ing/ not V-ing
Ex: “I‟m happy to know that you pass the examination.Congratulation.”
 Mary congratulated me on passing the examination.
thank sb for
object to
accuse sb of
insist on
congratulate sb on
complain about
warn sb against
think of

apologize to sb for
prevent sb from
dream of
stop sb from
PRACTICE
-TASK 1. Rewrite each sentence as indirect speech , using the verbs given in brackets
1.“You‟ll have to send the documents to the embassy , Mr.Brown,” said the travel agent ( told )
……………………………………………………………………………..
2. “I‟m taking the η.30 train tomorrow evening.” She said . ( said )
………………………………………………………………………………
3. “The engineer was called three times last week,” she said to them. (told)
………………………………………………………………………………
4. “Are you coming to the party tonight , Mary ?” he said ( asked )
………………………………………………………………………………
η. “I got my degree four years ago .‟‟ Ben said to Lisa ( told )
……………………………………………………………………………….
θ.“ Why didn‟t you go to school yesterday , Tom ? the teacher said ( asked )
………………………………………………………………………………
7.Sue said “ If I were you , I‟d go by train .” (advised)
………………………………………………………………………………
8. “Would you like to have a cup of coffee with me ? ” Tom said to me ( invited)
………………………………………………………………………………
9.“ What kind of experience do you have ? ”the manager said to Claire ( asked)
………………………………………………………………………………
10. “Sue , can you remember to buy some bread ? ” said Paul ( reminded )
……………………………………………………………………………….
TASK 2.Change the sentences into reported Speech
1."It isn't so foggy today as it was yesterday", said the teacher.
……………………………………………………………………..
2. Johnny said to his mother, "l don't know how to do this exercise."

………………………………………………………………………
3. “Don‟ t come back before one o'clock", advised my brother.
………………………………………………………………………
4. „‟Be modest if you are a good pupil", said my father.
………………………………………………………………………
5. "We are waiting for the school bus at this moment ", said the children.
……………………………………………………………………….
6. "Whose bicycle did you borrow last weekend ?", his mother asked him.
……………………………………………………………………….
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 22


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

7. Paul said " I must go home now. "
……………………………………………………………………….
8. My friend said, „‟Are you going to leave tomorrow?"
………………………………………………………………………..
9. "Have you done your homework ?‟‟said our mother.
………………………………………………………………………..
10 .I asked Mary , "What time did you go to bed last night?"
………………………………………………………………………..
11.”I really think you should see the doctor, Chris. ” said William .
……………………………………………………………………….

12.”Yes, all right , I‟ll share the bill with you , Dave .”Brenda said .
……………………………………………………………………….
13. Paulo said, “ I want to buy a pocket calculator for my father.”
……………………………………………………………………….
14. My friend said, “ I saw your brother an hour ago.”
……………………………………………………………………….
15. The students said, “We‟ll be sitting for our exams next Monday.”
……………………………………………………………………….
16. Mr. Smith said, “Where are you going on your vacation this year?”
……………………………………………………………………….
17. “Did the mechanic finish repairing my car ?” she said.
……………………………………………………………………….
18. The woman said to me, “Would you show me the way to the Post office ?”
……………………………………………………………………….
19. The teacher said to us, “Don‟t make so much noise.”
……………………………………………………………………….
20. He said to me : “ Would you like a cup of coffee? It‟s just be made.”
……………………………………………………………………….
Task 3: Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C, or D) that best completes each sentence.
1. Cindy _____ that I could keep her book for another two days.
A. said me
B. told
C. told me
D. spoke me
2.
James ______ him up when the bus reached the square.
A. told me wake
B. asked me to wake
C. said me to wake
D. requested me waking

3.
I can‟t tell ______ will come to be their new form teacher.
A. who they hope
B. whom they hope
C. whom do they hope
D. who do they hope
4.
I asked him ____ , but he said nothing.
A. what the matter was
B. what was the matter
C. the matter was what
D. what‟s the matter was
5. She asked me ______ the seat _____ or not.
A. if / had occupied
B. whether / was occupied
C. if / has been occupied
D. whether / occupied
6. I wonder ______ we‟ll catch the bus _____ we‟ll take the taxi.
A. if / and whether
B. whether / or that
C. if / or that
D. whether / or whether
7. Excuse me. Could you tell me _____?
A. what time is it ?
B. what is the time
C. what time it is
D. it is what time
8. Rosemary said that she thought she _____ to lock the front door that morning.
A. forgets
B. would forget

C. had forgotten D. has forgotten
9. The boss wanted to ______ something to Laura.
A. tell
B. say
C. talk
D. ask
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 23


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

10. I told him that he ____ his last job if he ______ harder.
A. would have lost / had worked
B. wouldn‟t have lost / worked
C. wouldn‟t lose /
had worked
D. wouldn‟t have lost / had worked
11.
Could you please tell me ______ ?
A. it is how far to the nearest bus stop
B. how far is it to the nearest bus stop
C. how far to the nearest bus stop is it
D. how far it is to the nearest bus stop
12. Two days ago, the manager told Amanda that unless she ____ bill immediately , he _____

the police.
A. pays / will call
B. paid / would call
C. had paid / would have called
D. would pay / could call
13. Marigold wondered ______ .
A. that Kevin and Ruth could be at the party
B. that if Kevin and Ruth would be at the party
C. whether that Kevin and Ruth were at the party
D. whether Kevin and Ruth would be at the party
14. Mr. Walker told his wife _____ for him if he _____ late.
A. not waiting / was
B. not to wait / is
C. don‟t wait / is
D. not to wait / was
15. The officer _____ his soldiers not to damage any houses in the village.
A. suggested
B. ordered C. didn‟t mind
D. prevented
16. Rita told me she ______ to several interviews before she took that one.
A. had been
B. was
C. has been
D. would have been
17. Which of the following sentences is correct ?
A. She said me that I should not put much sugar in her coffee.
B. She told that I would not put much sugar in her coffee.
C. She told me not to put much sugar in her coffee.
D. She said me not to put much sugar in her coffee.
18. “You damage my laptop, Mike,” said Sylvia.

A. Sylvia said Mike has damaged her laptop
B. Sylvia told Mike to damage her laptop
C. Sylvia threatened Mike to damage her laptop
D. Sylvia accused Mike of damaging her laptop
19. “ Let‟s register for the excursion !” said Jake.
A. Jake suggested registering for the excursion .
B. Jake promised registering for the excursion .
C. Jake was certain of registering for the excursion .
D. Jake expected everyone entering for the excursion.
20. “ I would say nothing about it if I were you,” said my brother.
A. My brother said I would say nothing if he were me .
B. My brother advised me to say nothing about it.
C. My brother advised me not to say nothing about it.
D. My brother told me to say anything about it.
21. The guest told the host that _______.
a. I must go now
b. he must go now
d. he had to go then
c. he had to go now
22. The teacher told Joe _______.
a. to stop talking b. stop talking c. stops talking
d. stopped talking
23. She said she _______.
a. was very tired last night
b. was very tired the night before
c. had been very tired last night
d. had been very tired the night before
24. Emily said that her teacher _______ to London _______.
a. will go / tomorrow
b. went / tomorrow

c. would go / the next day
d. had gone / the next day
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 24


GV: Tr n Th My

Tr

ng THPT B c Liêu

25. She told the boys _______ on the grass.
a. do not play
b. did not play
c. not playing d. not to play
26. She asked _______.
a. where was her umbrella
b. where her umbrella was
c. where were her umbrella
d. where her umbrella were
27. Jason asked me _______ me the book the day before.
a. if who gave
b. if who has given
c. who had given
d. that who had given
28. Robert said that his father _______ to Dallas the year before.
a. goes
b. went

c. has gone
d. had gone
29. He wanted to know _______ shopping during the previous morning.
a. if we had been going
b. that if we had been going
c. we were going
d. that we were going
30. "How beautiful is the dress you have just bought!" Peter said to Mary.
a. Peter promised to buy Mary a beautiful dress.
b. Peter said thanks to Mary for her beautiful dress.
c. Peter complimented Mary on her beautiful dress.
d. Peter asked Mary how she had just bought her beautiful dress.
31. She raised her hand high so that she could attract her teacher's attention.
a. Because her teacher attracted her, she raised her hand high.
b. To attract her teacher's attention, she raised her hand high.
c. Though she raised her hand high, she could not attract her teacher's attention.
d. She had such a high raising of hand that she failed to attract her teacher's attention.
32. "Hello, Mary!" Peter said. '
a. Peter said hello Mary.
b. Peter said Mary hello.
c. Peter told Mary hello
d. Peter greeted Mary.
33. Julie and Anne had not met each other before he party.
a. Julie and Anne got acquainted when they were at the party.
b. The party prevented Julie and Anne from meeting each other.
c. The party was the place where Julie and Anne could not meet each other.
d. Julie and Anne used to meet each other for the party.
34. "Why don't you ask the teacher for help?" Peter asked me.
a. Peter advised me to ask the teacher for help.
b. Peter recommended me not to ask the teacher for help. ,

c. Peter told me the reason why I did not ask the teacher for help.
d. Peter suggested that he should ask the teacher for help.
35. He asked me _______ Robert and I said I did not know _______.
a. that did I know / who were Robert
b. that I knew / who Robert were
c. if I knew / who Robert was
d. whether I knew / who was Robert
36. The mother asked her son _______.
a. where he has been
b. where he had been
c. where has he been
d. where had he been
37. Martin asked me _______.
a. how is my father
b. how my father is
d. how my father was
c. how was my father
38. The host asked Peter _______ tea or coffee.
a. whether he preferred
b. that he preferred
c. did he prefer
d. if he prefers
39. She asked me _______ my holidays _______.
a. where I spent / the previous year
b. where I had spent / the previous year
c. where I spent / last year
d. where did I spend / last year
Ôn TNTHPT

Trang 25