Tổng hợp các điểm ngữ pháp cần biết

BÀI 1
HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN VÀ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN

I.Dấu hiệu nhận biết
HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN
- often, usually, frequently
- always, constantly
- sometimes, occasionally
- seldom, rarely
- every day/ week/ month…

HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN
- now
- right now
- at the moment
- at present
- look! Listen!...

II.Cấu trúc
+
?

HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN
S + V(s/es)
Ex: He frequently plays tennis.
S + do/does not + V-inf
Ex: She doesn’t usually play
tennis.
Do/Does + S + V-inf?
Ex: Do you often play tennis?

LƯU Ý:
* HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN
I/WE/YOU/THEY + V-inf
HE/SHE/IT + V(s/es )
Ex: I go to school by bus.
He watches TV every night.
* HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN
I + AM

HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN
S + am/is/are + V-ing
Ex: The children are playing football
now.
S + am/is/are + not + V-ing
Ex: The children are not playing
football right now.
Am/is/are + S + V-ing?
Ex: Are the children playing football
at present?


HE/SHE/IT + IS
WE/YOU/THEY + ARE
Ex: I am studying English.
She is crying in class.
We are dancing in party.

Câu 1. My parents normally …………. breakfast at 7:00 a.m.
A. eat
B. eats

C. are eating
D. is eating
Câu 2. This week Barbara is away on business so Tom………. dinner for
himself.
A.cook
B.cooks
C.are cooking
D.is cooking
Câu 3. Barbara usually………….. dinner for her husband after work.
A.cook
B.cooks
C.are cooking
D.is cooking
Câu 4. John always………….on time for meetings.
A.arrive
B.arrives


C.are arriving
D.is arriving
Câu 5. John……… at this moment.
A.arrive
B.arrives
C.are arriving
D.is arriving
Câu 6. We often ……….. tests at our school.
A.do
B.does
C.is doing
D.are doing

Câu 7. I………. to my teacher now.
A.talk
B.talks
C.am talking
D.is talking
E.are talking
Câu 8. Look! Mandy and Susan………… a film on TV.
A.watch
B.watches
C.is watching
D.am watching
E.are watching


Câu 9. Listen! The band…………. the new guitar.
A.test
B.tests
C.am testing
D.is testing
E.are testing
Câu 10. First I………. , then I dress.
A.wash
B.washes
C.am washing
D.is washing
E.are washing
Câu 11. Quiet please! I……….. a test.
A.do
B.does
C.am doing

D.is doing
E.are doing
Câu 12. At the moment, the two kids………… on the floor.
A.sit
B.sits
C.are sitting
D.is sitting


Câu 13. Jeff………… a book right now, he………… a story to Linda.
A.hold- read
B.holds – reads
C.is holdng – is reading
D.are holding – are reading
Câu 14. Linda………. Jeff’s Stories.
A.love
B.loves
C.am loving
D.is loving
E.are loving
Câu 15. He……. A story to her every day.
A.read
B.reads
C.am reading
D.is reading
E.are reading
Câu 16. Jennny usually ………….. to school, but today she…….. the bus
because it……… .
A.cycle – take – rain
B.cycles – takes – rains

C.cycles – takes – is raining
D.cycles – is taking – is raining


Câu 17. The train always………. on time.
A.leave
B.leaves
C.is leaving
D.are leaving
Câu 18. “What’s the matter? Why…………. ?”
A.do you cry
B.you are cry
C.is your crying
D.are you crying
Câu 19. I never…………. to the swimming pool.
A.go
B.goes
C.is going
D.am going
Câu 20. What will happen if we…………. Water?
A.not conserve
B.are not conserve
C.do not conserve
D.does not conserve
ĐÁP ÁN BÀI 1
1.A
2.D
3.B

6.A

7.C
8.E

11.C
12.C
13.C

16.D
17.B
18.D


4.B
5.D

9.D
10.A

14.B
15.B

19.A
20.C

BÀI 2
HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH VÀ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN

I.Present Perfect ( HTHT )
1. Cấu trúc
( + ) S + have/has + V(3/ed )

( - ) S + have/has + not + V(3/ed )
( ? ) Have/has + S + V(3/ed )?
- Yes, S + have/has.
- No, S + have/has + not.
2. Dấu hiệu
- just, recently, already, yet…
- Sau cấu trúc: This/It is the first/second…time…
- since, for, ever, never, up to now, so far…
II.Present Perfect Progressive ( HTHTTD)
1.Cấu trúc
( + ) S + have/has + been + V-ing
( - ) S + have/has + not + been + V-ing
( ? ) Have/has + S + been + V-ing?
- Yes, S + have/has.
- No, S + have/has + not.
2. Dấu hiệu


all day, all her/his lifetime, all day long, all the morning/afternoon.
Câu 1. Mary …….( rest ) in the garden all day because she………..( be ) ill.
A.has rested – has been being
B.has been resting – has been
C.has been resting – has been being
D.has rested – has been
Câu 2. He…… ( not, be ) here since Christmas. I wonder where he….. ( live )
since then.
A.hasn’t been being – has been living
B.hasn’t been – has lived
C.hasn’t been – has been living
D.hasn’t been being – has lived

Câu 3. She……….. ( work ) so hard this week that she ……….. ( not have )
time to go to the movies.
A.has been working – hasn’t had
B.has worked – hasn’t had
C.has been working – hasn’t been having
D.has worked – hasn’t been having
Câu 4. That book ……. ( lie ) on the table for weeks. You ……… ( not read ) it
yet ?
A.has lied – Hve you read
B.has lied – Have you been reading
C.has been lying – Have you read
D.has been lying – Have you been reading
Câu 5. Tom……… ( never be ) in Hanoi.


A.never has been
B.has never been
C.never has been being
D.has never been being
Câu 6. You …….. ( sleep ) so far?
A.Have you been sleeping
B.You have been sleeping
C.Have you slept
D.Have slept
Câu 7. I…… ( ring ) the bell for the last twenty minutes.
A.have rung
B.have been ringing
C.has rung
D.has been ringing
Câu 8. They……. ( swim ) all the morning.

A.have swum
B.have been swimming
C.has swim
D.has been swimming
Câu 9. She…… ( wait ) for him all her lifetime.
A.has waited
B.have waited
C.has been waiting
D.have been waiting


Câu 10. It’s the second time he …….. ( lose ) his passport.
A.have been losing
B.has been losing
C.have lost
D.has lost
Câu 11. Up to the present, we…………. ( write ) almost every lesson in the
book.
A.has written
B.have written
C.has been writing
D.have been writing
Câu 12. Fred’s brother……… ( just , graduate ) from Oxford University.
A.has just graduated
B.have just graduated
C.has just been graduating
D.have just been graduating
Câu 13. He……… ( not/speak ) on the phone for half an hour, just a couple of
minutes.
A.have spoken

B.has spoken
C.have not been speaking
D.has not been speaking
Câu 14.The dog………… ( bark ) since midnight.
A.has been barking
B.have been barking


C.has barked
D.have barked
Câu 15. The children……… ( be ) on holiday for six days.
A.has been
B.have been
C.has been being
D.have been being
Câu 16. I…….. ( try ) to learn English for years, but I……. ( not succeed ) yet.
A.have been trying – have not succeeded
B.have tried – have not been succeeding
C.have tried – have not succeeded
D.tried – have not succeeded
Câu 17. Paul……….. in God since he was a child.
A.believed
B.has believed
C.has been believing
D.have been believing
Câu 18. We…….. ( not live ) in England for two years now.
A.have not been living
B.have not lived
C.has been living
D.has lived

Câu 19. I……….. ( read ) that novel by Hemingway several times before.
A.has been reading


B.have read
C.has been read
D.has reading
Câu 20. How long you……… ( learn ) English ?
A.have you been learning
B.have you learned
C.has learned
D.have been you learning
ĐÁP ÁN BÀI 2
1.B
2.C
3.A
4.C
5.B

6.A
7.B
8.B
9.C
10.D

11.B
12.A
13.D
14.A
15.B

16.A
17.B
18.B
19.B
20.A

Bài 3
QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN VÀ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

I.Cấu trúc
QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN
1.to be
S + was/were + Adj/Noun
- I, he, she, it, N( số ít ) + was
- You, we, they, N( số nhiều ) + were
2.verbs
S + V(ed/v2)

QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

S + was/were + V-ing

II.Dấu hiệu
QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN
- last night/ year / month

QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN
- at this time last night

- yesterday
- ….ago
- in + năm (vd: in 1999 )

- at this moment last year
- at 8 p.m.yesterday
- while…

Câu 1. I……… ( be ) hungry.
A.was
B.were
C.is
D.am
Câu 2. You……. ( be ) in Australia last year.
A.were
B.was
C.are
D.you
Câu 3. She……. ( be ) in London last week.
A.were
B.was
C.is
D.am
Câu 4. The eat ……….. ( be ) on the roof.
A.was
B.were
C.is
D.am
Câu 5. We………… ( study ) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday.

A.studied
B.were studying
C.was studying
D.is studying
Câu 6. When I ……….. ( arrive ) at his house, he still………… (sleep).
A.was arriving – slept
B.was arriving – was sleeping
C.arrived – was sleeping
D.arrived – slept
Câu 7. She ………. ( water ) the flowers in her garden while her next door
neighbor……..( chat ) with her over the fence.
A.was watering – was chatting
B.were watering – were chatting
C.watered – chatted
D.watered – was chatting
Câu 8. As we…….. ( cross ) the street, we……… ( see ) an accident.
A.crossed – were seeing
B.were crossing – saw
C.were crossing – were seeing
D.crossed – saw
Câu 9. The bell…… ( ring ) while Tom ….. ( take ) a bath.
A.was ringing – was taking
B.was ringing – took
C.rang – was taking
D.rang – took


Câu 10. She …… ( hear ) a noise and ………( get ) out of bed when the

door……(open ).
A.was hearing – was getting – was opening
B.heard – got – opened
C.heard – got – was opening
D.was hearing – was getting – opened
Câu 11. The children ….. ( play ) football when their mother…….. ( come )
back.
A.was playing – came
B.played – was coming
C.were playing – came
D.played – were coming
Câu 12. Who ……… ( be ) the man that you ………. ( talk ) to this morning ?
A.was – talked
B.was – was talking
C.was – were talking
D.were – was talking
Câu 13. I….. ( see ) him at the gate when I…. ( come ) in.
A.was seeing – was coming
B.saw – was coming
C.saw – came
D.seen – came
Câu 14. We ….. ( wait ) for the bus when he ……. ( pass ) by in his car and
……. ( offer ) us a lift.
A.waited – passed – offered


B.waited – was passing – offering
C.were waiting – was passing – offering
D.were waiting – passed – offered

Câu 15. I……… ( be ) very tired because I……. ( work ) all day yesterday.
A.was – worked
B. were – worked
C. was – was working
D. were – were working
Câu 16. When the students……… ( hear ) the bell, they ……….. ( get up ) and
……….(leave )
A.heard – were getting up – leaving
B.heard – got up – left
C.were hearing – got up – left
D.was hearing – got up – left
Câu 17. We ( drive )……..around the parking lot for 20 minutes to find a
parking space.
A.were driving
B.drived
C.drove
D.driven
Câu 18. She ( get )……….married last year?
A.did she get
B.was she getting
C.did she getting


D.was she get
Câu 19. While Tom…….. ( play ) the piano, his morther was doing the wasing
– up.
A.plays
B.played
C.was playing
D.were playing

Câu 20. I last ……… ( see ) her at her house two months ago.
A.see
B.saw
C.were seeing
D.was seeing
ĐÁP ÁN BÀI 3
1.A
2.A
3.B
4.A
5.A

6.C
7.A
8.B
9.C
10B

11.C
12.A
13.C
14.D
15.C

16.B
17.C
18.A
19.C
20.B