BÀI TẬP VỀ VIẾT LẠI CÂU, CẬN NGHĨA ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA

Mr Nguyen
BÀI TẬP CÂU CẬN NGHĨA
Mục đích của dạng bài này là kiểm tra kiến thức về những cấu trúc tương đương hay cách chuyển đổi
câu. Thông thường đề thường đưa ra một câu và yêu cầu thí sinh chọn câu có nghĩa gần nhất với câu đã
cho trong số 4 câu cho sẵn. Tuy nhiên từ năm 2015, với sự đổi mới trong đề thi dạng bài tập này được
thay thế bằng dạng viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi.
Những đơn vị kiến thức thường được kiểm tra trong dạng bài tập này bao gồm:

- Chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
E.g. Newton discovered gravity. -> Gravity was discovered by Newton.

- Các dạng câu điều kiện
E.g. I was ill so I couldn't go. -> If I hadn't been so ill, I could have gone.

- Các dạng so sánh
E.g. John is taller than Jane. -> Jane is not as tall as John.

- Câu trực tiếp - câu gián tiếp
E.g. "Go away!" he said. -> He told us to go away.

- Các từ/ cụm từ tương đương
E.g. How much did you pay for it? -> How much did it cost you?

- Các cách diễn đạt tương đương
E.g. It was so hot that...-> It was such a hot day that...
I spent twenty minutes on that puzzle. -> It took me twenty minutes to do that puzzle.

- Các cách diễn đạt tương đương liên quan đến sự thay đổi thì của động từ
E.g. I haven't seen her for a long time. -> It's a long time since I last saw her.
I shouldn't have done it. -> I wish I hadn't done it.
Thường thì mỗi câu hỏi chỉ kiểm tra 1 đơn vị kiến thức.

Cách thức làm dạng bài tập này:
1. Đọc kĩ câu gốc và phải chắc chắn rằng bạn hiểu ý nghĩa của câu gốc.
2. Nhìn lướt qua 4 lựa chọn, tìm ra điểm giống và điểm khác biệt (về hình thức).
E.g. A neighbour is looking after the children while I'm out.
A. A neighbour is taking care of the children while I'm out.
B. A neighbour is taking care for the children while I'm out.
C. A neighbour is taking care about the children while I'm out.
D. A neighbour is taking care to the children while I'm out.
4 lựa chọn giống hệt nhau chỉ khác mỗi giới từ theo sau "taking care". Do đó sẽ rất mất thời gian nếu
thí sinh chú ý đến cả câu và sẽ mất thời gian hơn nữa nếu dịch nghĩa từng câu.
3. Xem xét từng lựa chọn, chú ý tới những điểm khác biệt tìm được ở bước trên.
Đến đây có 2 cách để làm:
a. Dựa vào ý nghĩa.
b. Dựa vào cấu trúc ngữ pháp (Cấu trúc được sử dụng trong các lựa chọn có đúng ngữ pháp không) và
mối quan hệ giữa các ý trong câu (chúng có được thiết lập một cách logic hay không)
Hai cách này nên được vận dụng một cách linh hoạt trong từng trường hợp cụ thể. Các em học sinh khi
làm dạng bài này có xu hướng dịch nghĩa từng câu để từ đó tìm ra câu gần nghĩa nhất. Tuy nhiên đây
không phải là phương pháp tối ưu và không nên áp dụng trong tất cả các trường hợp. Có những câu khi
dịch nghĩa ra cả 4 lựa chọn đều có nghĩa na ná nhau. Khi đó phương pháp này không những không
hiệu quả mà còn gây mất thời gian.
Trong ví dụ trên, ta biết look after = take care of (trông nom, chăm sóc), từ đó chọn được đáp án đúng.
Trên đây là cách làm chung nhất, cách làm cụ thể cho từng trường hợp cụ thể sẽ được đề cập trong quá
trình các bạn làm bài tập. Trong tiếng Anh có câu tục ngữ

"Practice makes perfect".
Các em hãy kiên trì làm bài tập để rèn luyện khả năng ứng phó với dạng bài
tập này nhé. Chúc thành công!

Mr Nguyen
I. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. It rained during the match, but we enjoyed it all the same.
A. It rained during the match and we did not enjoy the match.
B. It rained during the match and we enjoyed it less.
C. It rained during the match and we enjoyed it in the same way as others.
D. It rained during the match but we enjoyed it.
2. Donald could not help weeping when he heard the bad news.
A. Donald could not stop himself from weeping at the bad news.
B. Donald could not allow himself to sweep at the bad news.
C. Donald could not help himself and so he wept.
D. Donald could not help himself because he was weeping.
3. "When I met my long-lost brother, I was at a loss for words."
A. When the speaker met his brother, he was puzzled about what to say.
B. When the speaker met his brother, he had much to say.
C. When the speaker met his brother, he refused to say anything.
D. When the speaker met his brother, he had nothing pleasant to say.
4. It's a pity that you didn't tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this.
B. I wish you would tell us about this.
C. I wish you had told us about this.
D. I wish you have told us about this.
5. Without transportation, our modern society could not exist.
A. Our modern society could not exist if there is no transportation.
B. Our modern society will not exist without having traffic.
C. If there were no transportation, our society would not exist.
D. If transportation no longer exists, our society will not either.
6. The newspaper has a circulation of five million.
A. The paper is five million years old.
B. Five million people read the newspaper.

C. Five million newspaper are put in a circle. D. The newspaper is round in shape.
7. No sooner had they found her number than they called her.
A. They called her as soon as they found her number.
B. They found her number sooner or later.
C. They called her number sooner or later.
D. They found her number as soon as they called her.
8. He got over his illness in three months.
A. It took to get over his illness in three months.B. It took three months for him to get over his illness.
C. It took him three months to get over his illness.D. It took three months for his illness to get over.
9. Though he tried hard, he didn’t succeed.
A. However hard he tried, he didn’t succeed.
B. However he tried hard, he didn’t succeed.
C. However he didn’t succeed, he tried hard.
D. However he tried hard but he didn’t succeed.
10. Joe still likes Madonna.
A. Joe was a fan of Madonna's for years. B. Joe has been a fan of Madonna's for years.
C. Joe used to like Madonna years ago. D. Joe is being a fan of Madonna.
II. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. The room was so full that we couldn't get in.
A. The room was too full for us to get in.
B. The room was too full so that we can't get in.
C. The room was too full that we can't get in. D. The room was too full that we couldn't get in.
2. I wish I had chosen English to study at school.
A. The speaker studied English and now regrets doing so.
B. The speaker is not studying English. C. The speaker regrets not choosing English at school.
D. The speaker regrets having chosen English to study.
3. Leather gloves last longer than plastic ones.
A. Plastic gloves last not as long as leather ones. B. Plastic gloves last shorter than leather ones.
C. Plastic gloves don't last as much as leather ones.
D. Plastic gloves don't last as long as leather ones.

Mr Nguyen
4. The book interested me more than the film.
A. I thought the book was more interesting than the film.
B. I thought the book was more interested than the film.
C. I thought the book was as interesting as the film.
D. I thought the book was not as interesting as the film.
5. The teacher did not allow the class to leave before 4:30.
A. The teacher made the class to stay until after 4:30.
B. The teacher made the class not leave until after 4:30.
C. The teacher made the class stay until after 4:30.
D. The teacher made the class leave after 4:30.
6. If I were you, I'd look for another job.
A. I suggest that you looked for another job.
B. I suggest looking for another job.
C. I suggest you to look for another job.
D. I suggest that you look for another job.
7. I only remembered the appointment when it was too late.
A. It was only when it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
B. Not until it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
C. Only when it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
D. It was not until it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
8. She finds it difficult to get up early.
A. She used to get up early.
B. She didn't use to get up early.
C. She isn't used to getting up early.
D. She is used to getting up early.
9. I met her when I was staying in Paris last summer.
A. I had met her before I went to Paris last summer.B. I met her during my stay in Paris last summer.

C. I met her after I went to Paris last summer. D. I met her during I was staying in Paris last summer.
10. Do shops usually stay open so late in this country?
A. Are shops usually opened so late in this country?
B. Do you usually open shops so late in this country?
C. Is it usual for shops to be opened so late in this country?
D. Is it usual for shops to stay open so late in this country?
III. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. Mrs Sally asked the students to hand in their assignments.
A. Mrs Sally gave the class an assignment.
B. Mrs Sally gave the students a hand with their assignments.
C. Mrs Sally asked the students to give their assignments to her.
D. Mrs Sally asked the students to raise their hands if they wanted to ask a question.
2. Because of working hard, she fell ill.
A. She worked so hard that she fell ill.
B. She didn't work so she fell ill.
C. She was too ill to work hard.
D. She wasn't ill although she worked hard.
3. It's been fourteen years since I last saw my brother.
A. I didn't see my brother 14 years ago. B. I haven't seen my brother for 14 years.
C. I see my brother once every 14 years. D. My brother is 14 years old.
4. Jack is afraid he'll gain weight if he stops smoking.
A. Jack is afraid of smoking.
B. Jack doesn't realize the dangers of smoking.
C. Jack is afraid he'll become fat if he gives up smoking.
D. Jack is afraid he'll lose weight if he doesn't smoke.
5. Fewer people came to the meeting than we had expected.
A. Too many people came to the meeting.
B. There were more people at the meeting than we had expected.
C. We had expected more people to come to the meeting.
D. There were not enough seats for all people as we had expected.

6. I should have studied last night but I was too tired.
A. I studied last night because I was bored.
B. I studied last night because I had to.
C. I tried to study last night, but material was too hard.


Mr Nguyen
D. I couldn't study last night because I was very tired.
7. Although Mr Pike was seriously ill, he still composed nice pieces of music.
A. Mr Pike's pieces of music were very serious.
B. Mr Pike didn't compose any nice pieces of music because he was seriously ill.
C. Despite his serious illness, Mr Pike still composed nice pieces of music.
D. Mr Pike were too ill to compose music.
8. The coffee was strong, but it didn't keep us awake.
A. The coffee was strong and it could keep us awake.
B. We were kept awake because the coffee was strong.
C. The coffee wasn't strong enough to keep us awake.
D. The coffee was so hot that it didn't keep us awake.
9. He can hardly understand this matter because he's too young.
A. This matter is too hard for him to understand.
B. He's young, but he can understand this matter.
C. The matter was difficult but he can understand it.
D. Hardly can he understand this matter because he's too young.
10. My mother had the house decorated.
A. My mother had someone decorate the house. B. My mother had to decorate the house.
C. The house is going to be decorated by my mother.
D. My mother had just decorated the house.
11. "Could you hold the line, please?" said the operator.
A. The operator told me to stop my call.
B. The operator told me to speak.

C. The operator told me to wait.
D. The operator told me to call back later.
12. If you don't understand this word, look it up in the dictionary.
A. If you know this word, tell me. B. If you don't know this word, I'll tell you.
C. If my dictionary hasn't got the word, I'll find another one.
D. If you don't know this word, find it in the dictionary.
13. She hates shopping in large supermarkets and prefers buying food in small shops or street markets.
A. She never goes shopping.
B. She often buys food in the supermarket.
C. She often buys food in small shops and street markets.
D. She goes shopping every day.
14. Surprisingly for an American, he doesn't drink any coke.
A. He always drinks coke.
B. A lot of American people drink coke.
C. He is a surprise for the Americans.
D. He sometimes drinks coke.
15. Just breathing the air in Mexico City is the same as smoking 40 cigarettes a day.
A. An average person in Mexico City smokes 40 cigarettes a day.
B. Taking in the air in this city is good for your health.
C. Taking in the air in this city has the same effect as smoking 40 cigarettes.
D. People in Mexico never smoke.
IV. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. It took her two hours to do housework yesterday.
A. She spent two hours to doing housework yesterday.
B. It took her two hours doing housework yesterday.
C. She spent two hours doing housework yesterday.
D. Do housework yesterday took him two hours.
2. The weather is very cold, so they can't go swimming.
A. The weather is so cold that they can't go swimming.
B. The weather isn't cold enough for them to go swimming.

C. The weather is too cold for them going swimming.
D. It is so a cold weather that they can't go swimming.
3. My friend is living in Moscow. I received this letter from him.
A. My friend, whom I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
B. My friend, from whom I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
C. My friend whom I received this letter from is living in Moscow.


Mr Nguyen
D. My friend, that I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
4. They saw the children play football in the street.
A. The children were being seen to play football in the street.
B. The children were seen to playing football in the street.
C. The children were seen play football in the street.
D. The children were seen to play football in the street.
5. I have never been to France before.
A. It's the first time that I've gone to France.
B. It's the first time that I went to France.
C. It's the first time that I've been to France.
D. It's the first time that I was to France.
6. It's a pity that you didn't tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this.
B. I wish you had told us about this.
C. I wish you would tell us about this. D. I wish you have told us about this.
7. He's getting them to mend the windows.
A. He's having the windows to mend.
B. He's having to mend the windows.
C. He's having to be mended the windows.
D. He's having the windows mended.
8. It started to rain at 2 o'clock and it is still raining.

A. It has been raining at 2 o'clock.
B. It has been raining since 2 o'clock.
C. It has been raining for 2 o'clock.
D. It has been raining in 2 o'clock.
9. They made her hand over her passport.
A. She was made to hand over her passport.
B. She was made hand over her passport.
C. She was handed over to make her passport. D. She was handed over for her passport to make.
10. I tried to eat the cake, but it was too sweet.
A. It was such a sweet cake that I couldn't eat it. B. It was so sweet cake that I couldn't eat it.
C. The cake was too sweet that I couldn't eat it. D. The cake was very sweet that I couldn't eat it.
11. My brother and I went to that school.
A. I went to that school and my brother, too.
B. I went to that school and so my brother did.
C. I went to that school and so did my brother. D. I went to that school and so my brother did, too.
12. She said to us: "Don't be late again."
A. She said to us not to be late again.
B. She told us to be not late again.
C. She told to us not to be late again.
D. She told us not to be late again.
13. I often get up early in the morning.
A. I am used to getting up early in the morning. B. I am used to get up early in the morning.
C. I used to get up early in the morning.
D. I used to getting up early in the morning.
14. Getting a good job doesn't interest him.
A. He isn't good at getting an interesting job. B. He isn't interested in getting a good job.
C. He is only interested in getting a good job. D. Even a good job isn't suitable to him.
15. The garden is too small to play football in.
A. The garden is so small not to play football in. B. The garden is small enough to play football in.
C. The garden isn't big enough to play football in.

D. The garden is such small that they can't play football in.
V. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. Second prize was awarded to an unknown author from Pastra.
A. An award of second prize was given an unknown author from Pastra.
B. An unknown author from Pastra was awarded second prize.
C. An unknown author from Pastra was awarded with the second prize.
D. Unknown author was awarded second.
2. I used to live alone.
A. I lived by myself but I no longer do it now. B. I lived by myself and I was used to it.
C. I am used to living alone.
D. I was used to living by myself.
3. I was late for work because the bus broke down.
A. As the bus was broken, I was late for work. B. Due to a bus break-down, I was late for work.
C. Since the bus broke into pieces, I was late for work.


Mr Nguyen
D. Due to the fact that the bus was broken, I was late for work.
4. "If I were you, I would get in touch with the boss."
A. He suggested that I would get in touch with the boss.
B. He suggested keeping in touch with the boss.
C. He recommended that I should get in touch with the boss.
D. He wished he were me so that he could get in touch with the boss.
5. I'm not very good at gardening, I'm afraid.
A. I'm not much of a gardener, I'm afraid.
B. I regret that I bad at gardening.
C. I'm scared to work in the garden.
D. I am afraid of working in the garden.
6. We started cooking for the party four hours ago.
A. We began to cook for the party for four hours.

B. We have been cooking for the party for four hours.
C. We cooked for the party for four hours.
D. We cooked for the party four hours ago.
7. The boatmen were able to escape just before the boat sank.
A. The boatmen could escape just before the boat sank.
B. The boatmen attempted to escape just before the boat sank.
C. The boatmen succeeded to escape just before the boat sank.
D. The boatmen managed to escape just before the boat sank.
8. It may be possible for you to go there without a visa.
A. It may not be impossible for you to go there without a visa.
B. You may be possible to go there without a visa.
C. It may be unnecessary for you to get a visa to go there.
D. You may find it possible to get a visa to go there.
9. Please don't use the shower after midnight.
A. Would you mind not to use the shower after midnight?
B. Would you like to use the shower after midnight?
C. I don't want you to use the shower.
D. Would you mind not using the shower after midnight?
10. It would be better if you did not bring your dog in here.
A. I'd rather you hadn't brought you dog in here.B. I wish you hadn't brought your dog in here.
C. I'd rather you didn't bring your dog in here.
D. You have brought your dog in here, which is against the rules.
11. The car is more expensive than it ought to be.
A. The car ought to be expensive.
B. The car shouldn't be so cheap.
C. The car looks like an inexpensive automobile.
D. The car costs more than it should.
12. Jane hardly ever enjoys eating vegetables.
A. She enjoys eating vegetables.
B. She has fun growing vegetables.

C. She almost never eats vegetables.
D. She sells vegetables for living.
13.We had several guests at our house over the holidays.
A. We were guests at our friend's house. B. Several people visited us during the holidays.
C. The holidays were over by the time our guests arrived.
D. We guessed that several people would come.
14. I can't believe that he did it without telling me first.
A. I can't believe what he told me.
B. He told me that he did it first.
C. He didn't believe that I told him first. D. He didn't inform me before he did it.
15. It is too late to change it, so leave it the way it is.
A. It can't be altered at this point.
B. We should change it before he finds it out.
C. We can't leave it the way it is.
D. He should approve the changes before he leaves.
VI. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. I've warned you not to leave the door unlocked.
A. You shouldn't unlock the door.
B. Leaving the door unlocked was no good.
C. I've warned you about leaving the door unlocked. D. I told you not to lock the door.
2. Christine suggested getting a new lock for the front door.


Mr Nguyen
A. Christine suggested to get the new front door lock.
B. It's necessary for Christine to have a new lock.
C. Christine said "Why don't you get a new lock for the front door?"
D. Chistine wanted to have a new lock.
3. Murder is the most serious of all crimes.
A. Murder is very serious.

B. Everyone is very afraid of murder.
C. No crime is more serious than murder.D. Murder is the dangerous crime.
4. This is the first time I have lived in a city with a high crime rate.
A. I am not used to living in a city with a high crime rate.
B. I am very afraid of living in a city with a high crime rate.
C. Living in a city with a high crime rate is dangerous. D. I don't like to live in such a high crime rate.
5. I won't agree until Tom apologizes.
A. Only when Tom apologizes will I agree.
B. Only when Tom apologizes I will agree.
C. I only agree when Tom apologize.
D. I wait for Tom apologize to agree.
6. I agree he's a good worker but I still don't think he should get the job.
A. He can't get the job though he was a good worker.
B. Despite the fact that he's a good worker, I don't think he should get the job.
C. He is such a good worker that he can get the job.
D. He is too bad to get the job.
7. The residents get very angry when bicycles are left in the hallway.
A. The residents didn't like the bicycles in the hallway.
B. The residents was upset because they lost the bicycles.
C. The residents liked the bicycles put out of the hallway.
D. The residents all wish bicycles weren't left in the hall.
8. "John shouldn't have behaved so badly," said Janet.
A. Janet doesn't like John's behaviour. B. Janet objected to John's bad behaviour.
C. Janet dislikes John.
D. Janet was angry with John.
9. Anna failed to understand how serious her illness was until she spoke to the doctor.
A. Anna doesn't understand how serious her illness is.
B. Not until she spoke to the doctor did Anna understand how serious her illness was.
C. The doctor said that Anna's illness was very serious.
D. Anna went to see the doctor because she knew that her illness was serious.

10. Mary didn't wear the raincoat, so she got a cold.
A. If Mary wore the raincoat, she wouldn't get a cold.
B. If Mary had worn the raincoat, she didn't get a cold.
C. If Mary had worn the raincoat, she wouldn't have got a cold.
D. If Mary has worn the raincoat, she won't have got a cold.
11. I've never eaten this food before.
A. It's the first time I've eaten this food.
B. It's the most tasty food I've ever eaten.
C. I've never eaten such a good food before.
D. The food is so good that I've never eaten before.
12. We couldn't go out because the weather was so bad.
A. It was so bad a weather that we couldn't go out.B. It was such a bad weather that we couldn't go out.
C. It was so bad weather that we couldn't go out. D. It was such bad weather that we couldn't go out.
13. I'm always nervous when I travel by air.
A. Travel by air always makes me nervous.
B. Travelling by air always makes me nervous.
C. I never travel by air because I sometimes feel nervous.
D. I always feel nervous so I never travel by air.
14. Caroline asked me what time the meeting would end.
A. Caroline said, "What time will the meeting end?"
B. Caroline said, "What time would the meeting end?"
C. Caroline said, "What time the meeting will end?"
D. Caroline said, "What time the meeting would end?"
15. John said, "You'd better not lend them any money, Daisy."


Mr Nguyen
A. John said Daisy not to lend them any money. B. John said to Daisy not lend them any money.
C. John advised Daisy should not lend them any money.
D. John advised Daisy not to lend them any money.

VII. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. Trying to shop with young children is a nightmare.
A. She never goes shopping alone.
B. She prefers shopping with young children.
C. She likes going shopping with young chidren.
D. She finds shopping with young children stressful and terrible.
2. I find shopping stressful because I'm always afraid of making mistakes. I've got a collection of awful
mistakes at the back of my wardrobe, which I never wear.
A. He's bad at shopping.
B. Shopping always makes him enjoyable.
C. He always makes a mistake when shopping.
D. He buys everything then he puts them at the back of his wardrobe.
3. Choosing things from catalogues and the TV shopping channels is the only kind of shopping I enjoy.
A. He doesn't like shopping.
B. He never goes shopping.
C. He likes shopping from home. D. He likes going to the markets or supermarkets to shop.
4. Arantxa spends about nine months a year travelling around the world playing tennis.
A. She stays at home for three months a year. B. She doesn't have to travel a lot in her job.
C. She spends most of her time staying at home playing tennis.
D. She doesn't play tennis a lot.
5. Jame's document got lost in his house.
A. Jame's house is lost.
B. Jame lost his way in the house.
C. Jame could not find his document.
D. The house was lost in Jame's document.
6. Jane suggested going a walking holiday.
A. "How about going on a walking holiday?" said Jane.
B. Jane wanted to go on a walking holiday alone.
C. Jane suggested they gone on a walking holiday.
D. Jane didn't want to go on walking holiday.

7. I haven't stayed in a hotel for years.
A. It's years since I stay in a hotel.
B. It's years since I stayed in a hotel.
C. I haven't stayed in a hotel years ago. D. It's years when I stayed in a hotel.
8. They rested for a couple of days in Toronto, then went on to Vancouver.
A. After going on to Vancouver, they rested for a couple of days in Toronto.
B. They didn't like Toronto, so they went to Vancouver.
C. Before they went to Vancouver, they came to Toronto.
D. After resting for a couple of days in Toronto, they went on to Vancouver.
9. When you are going to tropical countries, you should get medical advice first.
A. Before gone to tropical countries, you should get medical advice first.
B. Before getting medical advice, you're going to tropical countries.
C. You should get medical advice , before you will go to the tropical countries.
D. Before going to tropical countries, you should get medical advice first.
10. There's a daily flight to the island at 07.50.
A. Every day, there is a flight at 7:50.
B. There's a filght carrying milk to the island at 7:50.
C. A plane leaves for the island at 07:50 daily. D. There's a flight to the island at 7:50 every week.
11. A train leaves at 8 o'clock every morning.
A. There was an 8 o'clock train every morning. B. Every train will leave at 8 o'clock.
C. Every morning I see a train leaving.
D. There is an 8 o'clock train every morning.
12. That was a silly thing to say.
A. What a silly thing to say.
B. That is very silly. C. How silly it is! D. I don't like silly things.
13. The story of their sufferings was painful to listen to.
A. I don't like to listen to their sufferings.B. It was painful to listen to the story of their sufferings.
C. They always complained of their sufferings. D. Their sufferings make me painful.
14. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.
A. Bill arrived late for the concert because he takes a taxi.

Mr Nguyen
B. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.
C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.
D. Although Bill took a taxi he can't come to the concert in time.
15. It's such a pity your sister can't come as well.
A. I am very sorry that your sister couldn't come.
B. I wonder why your sister can't come.
C. If only your sister could come as well.
D. If only your sister can come.
VIII. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. The thick fog made it impossible for the plane to land.
A. The plane couldn't land.
B. The plane was unable to land because the fog is thick.
C. The plane was unable to land because of the thick fog.
D. The plane is impossible to land.
2. A local woman washed all Rose's clothes for her.
A. Rose had all her clothes washed by a local woman.
B. Rose asked to local woman wash all her clothes.
C. All of Rose's clothes has been washed by a local woman.
D. Rose had all her clothes to wash by a local woman.
3. Barbara is not as keen on travel as she used to be.
A. Barbara is very keen on travel.
B. Barbara used to be keener on travel.
C. Barbara used to travel many places.
D. Barbara likes travelling.
4. Eric hasn't been to London since his sister's birthday.
A. Eric came to London on his sister's birthday.
B. The last time Eric went to London was on his sister's birthday.

C. Eric hasn't visited to London for many years.
D. Eric missed his sister's birthday because he couldn't go to London.
5. The Caribbean cruise takes six weeks.
A. It's a six-week Caribbean cruise.
B. It's a six-weeks Caribbean cruise.
C. The cruise has been to Caribbean for 6 weeks.
D. It's six-week Caribbean cruise.
6. The train came suddenly to a stop and some passengers were injured.
A. Coming suddenly to a stop, some passengers were injured.
B. Coming suddenly to a stop, the train made some passengers injured.
C. Suddenly stopping running, some passengers were injured.
D. Suddenly stopped, some passengers injured themselves.
7. No sooner had Alice registered for the course than she received the scholarship.
A. As soon as Alice registered for the course, she received the scholarship.
B. Registering for the course helped Alice receive the scholarship.
C. Alice registered for the course soon after receiving the scholarship.
D. Rather than receive the scholarship, Alice registered for the course.
8. No one but you and me knows who the robber was.
A. Only you know who the robber was.
B. Only I know who the robber was.
C. Only one knows who the robber was.
D. Only you and I know who the robber was.
9. The fare of my airline ticket costs more than the hotel.
A. The fare of my airline ticket costs more than the hotel does.
B. The fare of my airline ticket costs more than any hotel.
C. The fare of my airline ticket costs more than price of the hotel.
D. The fare which I paid for my airline ticket was more than the hotel.
10. The critics were bored with the play while I found it absorbing.
A. The critics were bored with the play which I found it absorbing.
B. The critics were bored with the play, therefore, I found it absorbing.

C. The critics were bored with the play so I found it absorbing.
D. The critics were bored with the play but I found it absorbing.
11. I wish my English were fluent enough to go for the interview.
A. My English is too fluent to go for the interview.
B. My English is fluent enough to go for the interview.


Mr Nguyen
C. If only my English were fluent enough for me to go for the interview.
D. My English were fluent enough and I could go for the interview.
12. William runs faster than any boys in his class.
A. No one in William's class can run as fast as him. B. William is the quickest boy in his class.
C. William is running faster than anyone else in his class.D. William runs the fastest in his school.
13. I'd prefer to go swimming than go surfing.
A. Swimming is more interesting than go surfing.
B. I like going swimming to going surfing.
C. I would like to go swimming, not go surfing. D. Swimming is better than surfing, in my opinion.
14. In order to settle the matter, I will accept their suggestion.
A. To settle the matter, you should accept their suggestion.
B. Setting the matter, I accept their suggestion.
C. I will accept their suggestion in case the matter is settled.
D. I will accept their suggestion to settle the matter.
15. "I'm sorry I have to leave so early," he said.
A. He apologized for having to leave early.
B. He apologized to have to leave early.
C. He apologized that he has to leave early.
D. He apologized to have left early.
IX. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.
A. If Susan ate four cream cakes, she would feel sick. B. Susan eats four cakes so she feels sick.

C. If Susan hadn't eaten four cream cakes, she wouldn't feel sick.
D. If Susan hadn't eaten four cakes, she wouldn't have felt sick.
2. When I was younger I used to go climbing more than I do now.
A. Now I don't go climbing any more.
B. I used to go climbing when I was younger.
C. Now I don't go climbing as much as I did. D. I don't like going climbing any more.
3. I'll find that man, no matter how long it takes.
A. It takes me a long time to find that man.
B. However long it may take, I'll find that man.
C. I can't find that man because it will take a long time.
D. Although it took a long time I could find that man.
4. Wherever he goes, his mother goes too.
A. His mother follows him wherever he goes. B. He follows his mother's way.
C. He always follows his mother's advice.
D. His mother shows him the way to go.
5. What particularly impressed me was her excellent command of English.
A. Her excellent command of English particularly impresses me.
B. Her excellent command of English particular impresses me.
C. I like her excellent command of English.
D. I was particularly impressed by her excellent command of English.
6. He got over his illness in three months.
A. It took to get over his illness in three months.B. It took three months to him to get over his illness.
C. It took him three months to get over his illness.D. It took three months for his illness to get over.
7. She was so busy that she couldn't answer the phone.
A. She was very busy that she couldn't answer the phone.
B. She was too busy to answer the phone.
C. She was too busy not to answer the phone.
D. She was very busy so that she couldn't answer the phone.
8. I didn't listen to him, and I didn't succeed.
A. If I listened to him, I would succeed.B. If I had listened to him, I would succeed.

C. If I listened to him, I would have succeeded.D. If I had listened to him, I would have succeeded.
9. Though he tried hard, he didn't succeed.
A. However hard he tried, he didn't succeed.B. However he tried hard, he didn't succeed.
C. However he didn't succeed, he tried hard.D. However he tried hard, but he didn't succeed.
10. This office is too small for four people.
A. This office is very small for four people.B. This office isn't big enough for four people.
C. This office is so small to have four people.D. This office isn't enough big for four people.


Mr Nguyen
11. You will have to pay at least 100 pounds to get this camera.
A. You will be impossible to get this camera for less than 100 pounds.
B. You'll find it impossible to get this camera for less than 100 pounds.
C. You'll be impossible to get this camera less than 100 pounds.
D. You'll have to be paid at least 100 pounds to get this camera.
12. Paul is employed by Sony, isn't he?
A. Paul works for Sony, didn't he?
B. Paul works for Sony, did he?
C. Paul works for Sony, doesn't he?
D. Paul works for Sony, does he?
13. You should fasten your seat belt before driving away.
A. You should drive away when you fasten your seat belt.
B. You should drive away after you fasten your seat belt.
C. You should drive away before fastening you seat belt.
D. You shouldn't drive away without fastening your seat belt.
14. "Can I borrow your pen please, Sam?" said Gillian.
A. Gillian asked Sam if she can borrow his pen. B. Gillian asked Sam if she could borrow his pen.
C. Gillian asked Sam she can borrow his pen. D. Gillian asked Sam she could borrow his pen.
15. Not taking a difficult exam is worse than failing it.
A. If one is going to fail a difficult exam, it is better not to take it.

B. To fail a difficult exam is worse than not to take it.
C. It is better to fail a difficult exam than not to take it at all.
D. Because the exam is difficult, it is better not to take it.
X. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. This is the worst production of this play I've ever seen.
A. I have never seen so bad a production of this play.
B. I have never seen such bad a production of this play.
C. I have never seen so bad production of this play.
D. I have never seen such bad production of this play.
2. It is useless to argue with him.
A. It is no use to argue with him.
B. It is no use arguing with him.
C. It is no use of arguing with him.
D. It is no use for him to argue.
3. "Could you wait a second while I get my books?" Peter said to Jane.
A. Peter said to Jane to wait a second while he got his books.
B. Peter said to Jane she could wait a second while he got his books.
C. Peter asked Jane she could wait a second while he got his books.
D. Peter asked Jane to wait a second while he got his books.
4. Whenever she went to Paris she bought a new dress.
A. She never went to Paris to buy a new dress. B. She never went to Paris without buying a new dress.
C. She never bought a new dress without going to Paris.
D. She never bought a new dress when she went to Paris.
5. Our newspaper reporter in Paris sent this report.
A. This report was sent by our newspaper reporter in Paris.
B. This report was sent to Paris by our newspaper reporter.
C. This report was sent for Paris by our newspaper reporter.
D. This report was sent to our newspaper reporter in Paris.
6. The bus drivers' strike made it hard for us to get to work.
A. We were impossible to get to work because of the bus drivers' strike.

B. We found it impossible to get to work because the bus drivers' trike.
C. We couldn't get to work because of the bus drivers' strike.
D. We couldn't get to work because the bus drivers' strike.
7. I like to play tennis in the summer.
A. I am very interested on playing tennis in the summer.
B. I am very keen in playing tennis in the summer.


Mr Nguyen
C. I am very interested to playing tennis in the summer.
D. I am very fond of playing tennis in the summer.
8. They usually have quite a big meal at lunch time.
A. They are used to having a big meal at lunch time.B. They are used to have a big meal at lunch time.
C. They used to have a big meal at lunch time. D. They used to having a big meal at lunch time.
9. Despite feeling cold we kept walking.
A. Although we felt cold, but we kept walking. B. Although we felt cold, we kept walking.
C. However cold we felt, but we kept walking. D. However we felt cold, we kept walking.
10. Harriet was upset because she saw Peter with another woman.
A. Harriet was upset because of Peter's girl friend.
B. It was because she saw Peter with another woman that upset Harriet.
C. Peter upset Harriet because he can go well with Peter's woman.
D. Harriet was upset because she can go well with Peter's woman.
11. We must take steps to preserve natural resources otherwise the planet will be in danger.
A. Unless we take steps to preserve natural resources, the planet will be in danger.
B. The natural resources will be in danger.
C. We will destroy our natural resources.
D. The natural resources must be preserved.
12. We had planned to visit our grandmother, so we left early in the morning.
A. We left early to see our grandmother.
B. We left early because we are planning to visit our grandmother.

C. We left early because we were intending to visit our grandmother.
D. We were going to visit our grandmother so we try to leave early.
13. I prefer going out for a meal to staying at home.
A. I'd like to go out for a meal.
B. Going out for a meal is very interesting.
C. I'd rather go out for a meal than stay at home.
D. Staying at home is more boring than going out for a meal.
14. I'm never going to visit them again.
A. I hate them.
B. They are going to be visited.
C. That's the last time I have visited them.
D. I don't like to see them at all.
15. How old do you think this house is?
A. Do you know when the house is built?
B. When do you think the house was built?
C. When do you think the house is built?
D. When is the house built?
XI. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. You should peel and chop the onion and then fry it.
A. The onion should be peeled and chopped and then fried.
B. The onion should be fried, peeled and chopped.
C. The onion is peeled and chopped and fried.
D. The onion was peeled, chopped and fried.
2. When you clean the machine, turn off the mains supply.
A. After you clean the machine, don't forget to turn off the mains supply.
B. Before cleaning the machine, turn off the mains supply.
C. You turn off the mains supply after you clean the machine.
D. You should clean the machine when you turn off the mains supply.
3. Jane suggested buying a food processor.
A. Jane suggested them to buy a food processor.B. Jane suggested that they will buy a food processor.

C. "Why don't you buy a food processor?" said Jane. D. Jane suggested to buy a food processor.
4. No one has been to collect the rubbish this week.
A. The rubbish have not been collected this week.
B. The rubbish has been collected this week.
C. The rubbish has not been collected this week.
D. The rubbish is not collected this
week.
5. My parents wanted me to go the university but I didn't fancy it.
A. My parents wanted to go the university but I didn't fancy it.
B. I didn't fancy going to the university as my parents did.


Mr Nguyen
C. I didn't fancy going to the university although my parents wanted me to go.
D. I hardly fancied going to university but for my parents' wish.
6. I went to school with Madeline when we lived near each other.
A. I used to go to school with Madeline when we lived near each other.
B. Madeline and I lived near the school.
C. I went to school nearby with Madeline.
D. Madeline's school was near mine and we lived with each other.
7. The PC is undeniably the best tool for the job.
A. No one can deny that the PC is the best tool for the job.
B. The PC is not the best tool for the job.
C. They deny that the PC is the best tool for the job.
D. The PC could be the best tool for the job.
8. Sales of snack-sized pizzas have increased this year.
A. They increased the sale of snack-sized pizzas this year.
B. There is an increase in sales of snack-sized pizzas this year.
C. They had increased the sales of snack-sized pizzas this year.
D. There has been an increase in sales of snack-sized pizzas this year.

9. He prefers typing to writing by hand.
A. He doesn't like to write by hand at all.
B. He likes typing better.
C. He'd rather type than write by hand.
D. He doesn't like typing.
10. Our garden was badly damaged in last week's storm.
A. Last week the garden has been damaged.
B. Last week's storm badly damaged our garden.
C. The storm has damaged our garden badly. D. The storm was damaged our garden last week.
11. Having become completely deaf, Beethoven was forced to compose music "in his head".
A. Beethoven was forced to compose music "in his head" to keep it to himself.
B. Beethoven was forced to compose music "in his head" because he was deaf.
C. His deafness prevented Beethoven from composing music "in his head".
D. Beethoven became deaf after he had composed music "in his head".
12. It has been said that UFO sightings are increasing.
A. People say that UFO sightings are increasing.B. People have said that UFO sightings are increasing.
C. That UFO sightings are increasing is true. D. UFO has been said to be increasing.
13. Never have people been so well informed as they are now, thanks to TV news programs.
A. People have been so informative thanks to TV news programs nowadays.
B. Thanks to TV news programs, people are now too well informed.
C. People are better informed than they have been, thanks to TV news programs.
D. TV news programs are very informative than before and people are better informed.
14. A lot of language young people use is not understood by their parents.
A. Young people use a lot of languages their parents can't stand.
B. A lot of the language yound people use is understandable by their parents.
C. A lot of young people use the language their parents do not speak.
D. Some parents can not understand a lot of the language young people use.
15. Had he known more about the internet, he would have invested in some computer companies.
A. Knowing about the internet helped him invest in some computer companies.
B. He did not know much about the internet and he did not invest in any computer companies.

C. Knowing about the internet, he would have invested in some computer companies.
D. He would have invested in some computer companies without his knowledge of the internet.
XII. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. Study all night is good for neither your grades nor your health.
A. Study all night is good for your grades.
B. Study all night does not help at all.
C. Study all night is good for your health.
D. Study all night is helpful to you.
2. My purpose in calling this meeting is to present the latest sales figures.
A. I have called this meeting in order to present the latest sales figures.
B. I aimed to call this meeting because I wanted to know the latest sales figures.
C. I have called this meeting in order that I would present the latest sales figures.


Mr Nguyen
D. Both A and C
3. But for his father's early retirement, Richard would not have taken over the family's business.
A. Richard only took over the family's business because his father decided to retire early.
B. Richard didn't take over the family's business because his father decided to retire.
C. His father retired early, but he ran the family's business.
D. Richard's father didn't want him to take over the family's business despite his retirement.
4. I find myself at a loss to understand Harold's behavior.
A. I lost contact with Harold, so I couldn't understand his behavior.
B. I have to lose a lot to understand Harold's behavior.
C. I understood Harold's behavior completely.
D. I find Harold's behavior quite incomprehensible.
5. With the exception of the music teacher every member of the staff attended the farewell party.
A. The music teacher was very exceptional at the farewell party.
B. All the staff members including the music teacher attended the farewell party.
C. The music teacher was the only member of the staff not to attend the farewell party.

D. All of the above.
6. Although he was very tired, he agreed to help me with my homework.
A. Tired as he was, he agreed to help me with my homework.
B. Despite being very tired, but he agreed to help me with my homework.
C. Tired though he was, but he agreed to help me with my homework.
D. As tired as was he, he agreed to help me with my homework.
7. I'm like my mum, whereas my brother looks like my dad.
A. I'm like my mum, whereas my brother takes after my dad.
B. I'm like my mum, whereas my brother takes over my dad.
C. I'm like my mum, whereas my brother takes on my dad.
D. I'm like my mum, whereas my brother takes in my dad.
8. She had only just begun to speak when people started interrupting.
A. She hardly had begun to speak when people started interrupting.
B. Hardly she had begun to speak when people started interrupting.
C. Hardly had she begun to speak when people started interrupting.
D. She hadn't begun to speak when people started interrupting.
9. They would have never accepted his money if they had known his plan.
A. They knew what he wanted to do, so they refused his money.
B. They agreed with his wishes because they were glad to have his money.
C. They took the money he offered them without realizing his purposes.
D. They didn't know his plan and never took the money from him.
10. I was on the point of leaving the house when he came.
A. No sooner had I left the house than he came. B. I had hardly left the house when he came.
C. When he came I had just left the house.
D. I was just about to leave the house when he came.
11. Without skilful surgery he would not have survived the operation.
A. Had it been for skilful surgery he would not have survived the operation.
B. He wouldn't have survived the operation if he hadn't had skilful surgery.
C. But for skilful surgery he would not have survived the operation.
D. With skilful surgery he would have survived the operation.

12. If only I had taken that job in the bank.
A. I regret not taking that job in the bank.
B. I regret not to take that job in the bank.
C. I wish I took that job in the bank.
D. I wish I have taken that job in the bank.
13. Success in the academic field depends on your number of qualifications.
A. Your number of qualifications is a result of your success in the academic field.
B. You are successful in the academic field, so you have more qualifications.
C. The more success you are in the academic field, the more qualifications you have.
D. The more qualifications you have, the more successful you are in the academic field.


Mr Nguyen
14. Does parking here cost anything?
A. Is parking here costly?
B. Do I need to pay for parking here?
C. How much do you charge for parking here? D. Do I have to pay for the park here?
15. No one but James knew how to solve the problem.
A. The problem couldn't be solved by anyone. B. Everyone knew how to solve the problem.
C. James was the only one who couldn't solve the problem. D. Only James could solve the problem.
XIII. Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning, using the given words.
1. It's a long time since he last called me.
He hasn't _________________
2. When did he get the job?
How long ago _________________
3. I advise you to book a table in advance.
If I _________________
4. I don't want to tell them the secret.
I would rather _________________
5. If I improved my English speaking skill, I would easily get that job.

Were _________________
6. We wanted to get good seats so we arrived early.
In order _________________
7. It took her nearly an hour to do the crossword.
She spent _________________
8. The policeman made him confess after three days.
He was _________________
9. Nga finds Maths easier than Physics.
Physics is not _________________
10. I advise you to see a doctor.
You ought _________________
XIV. Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning, using the given words.
1. It's a pity I didn't go on holiday with my class last week.
I wish ____________
2. My friends and I got lost in the woods because we didn't bring a compass.
My friends and I wouldn't ____________
3. My sister enjoys coke more than lemonade.
My sister prefers ____________
4. Jenny has the same number of shirts as Jack.
Jack has as ____________
5. It is possible that Linh will go to the party with her boyfriend tonight.
Linh may ____________
6. Steven Spielberg has directed a lot of successful films.
A lot of successful films ____________
7. Her hair needs cutting.
She needs ____________
8. The robber made the bank clerk give him all the money.
The robber forced ____________
9. "I'll help you to repair your motorbike tomorrow," my father said to me.
My father told me ____________

10. Jimmy has a cold. He still wants to take part in the football match.
Despite having ____________


Mr Nguyen
BÀI TẬP CÂU CẬN NGHĨA
Mục đích của dạng bài này là kiểm tra kiến thức về những cấu trúc tương đương hay cách chuyển đổi
câu. Thông thường đề thường đưa ra một câu và yêu cầu thí sinh chọn câu có nghĩa gần nhất với câu đã
cho trong số 4 câu cho sẵn. Tuy nhiên từ năm 2015, với sự đổi mới trong đề thi dạng bài tập này được
thay thế bằng dạng viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi.
Những đơn vị kiến thức thường được kiểm tra trong dạng bài tập này bao gồm:
- Chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
E.g. Newton discovered gravity. -> Gravity was discovered by Newton.
- Các dạng câu điều kiện
E.g. I was ill so I couldn't go. -> If I hadn't been so ill, I could have gone.
- Các dạng so sánh
E.g. John is taller than Jane. -> Jane is not as tall as John.
- Câu trực tiếp - câu gián tiếp
E.g. "Go away!" he said. -> He told us to go away.
- Các từ/ cụm từ tương đương
E.g. How much did you pay for it? -> How much did it cost you?
- Các cách diễn đạt tương đương
E.g. It was so hot that...-> It was such a hot day that...
I spent twenty minutes on that puzzle. -> It took me twenty minutes to do that puzzle.
- Các cách diễn đạt tương đương liên quan đến sự thay đổi thì của động từ
E.g. I haven't seen her for a long time. -> It's a long time since I last saw her.
I shouldn't have done it. -> I wish I hadn't done it.
Thường thì mỗi câu hỏi chỉ kiểm tra 1 đơn vị kiến thức.
Cách thức làm dạng bài tập này:
1. Đọc kĩ câu gốc và phải chắc chắn rằng bạn hiểu ý nghĩa của câu gốc.

2. Nhìn lướt qua 4 lựa chọn, tìm ra điểm giống và điểm khác biệt (về hình thức).
E.g. A neighbour is looking after the children while I'm out.
A. A neighbour is taking care of the children while I'm out.
B. A neighbour is taking care for the children while I'm out.
C. A neighbour is taking care about the children while I'm out.
D. A neighbour is taking care to the children while I'm out.
4 lựa chọn giống hệt nhau chỉ khác mỗi giới từ theo sau "taking care". Do đó sẽ rất mất thời gian nếu
thí sinh chú ý đến cả câu và sẽ mất thời gian hơn nữa nếu dịch nghĩa từng câu.
3. Xem xét từng lựa chọn, chú ý tới những điểm khác biệt tìm được ở bước trên.
Đến đây có 2 cách để làm:
a. Dựa vào ý nghĩa.
b. Dựa vào cấu trúc ngữ pháp (Cấu trúc được sử dụng trong các lựa chọn có đúng ngữ pháp không) và
mối quan hệ giữa các ý trong câu (chúng có được thiết lập một cách logic hay không)
Hai cách này nên được vận dụng một cách linh hoạt trong từng trường hợp cụ thể. Các em học sinh khi
làm dạng bài này có xu hướng dịch nghĩa từng câu để từ đó tìm ra câu gần nghĩa nhất. Tuy nhiên đây
không phải là phương pháp tối ưu và không nên áp dụng trong tất cả các trường hợp. Có những câu khi
dịch nghĩa ra cả 4 lựa chọn đều có nghĩa na ná nhau. Khi đó phương pháp này không những không
hiệu quả mà còn gây mất thời gian.
Trong ví dụ trên, ta biết look after = take care of (trông nom, chăm sóc), từ đó chọn được đáp án đúng.
Trên đây là cách làm chung nhất, cách làm cụ thể cho từng trường hợp cụ thể sẽ được đề cập trong quá
trình các bạn làm bài tập. Trong tiếng Anh có câu tục ngữ
"Practice makes perfect".
Các em hãy kiên trì làm bài tập để rèn luyện khả năng ứng phó với dạng bài tập này nhé. Chúc các em
thành công!


Mr Nguyen
I. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. It rained during the match, but we enjoyed it all the same.
A. It rained during the match and we did not enjoy the match.

B. It rained during the match and we enjoyed it less.
C. It rained during the match and we enjoyed it in the same way as others.
D. It rained during the match but we enjoyed it.
Tất cả các câu đều giống nhau ở vế đầu tiên nên ta xét vế sau. Trong câu đề có cụm all the same có
nghĩa là "không có gì khác".
2. Donald could not help weeping when he heard the bad news.
A. Donald could not stop himself from weeping at the bad news.
B. Donald could not allow himself to sweep at the bad news.
C. Donald could not help himself and so he wept.
D. Donald could not help himself because he was weeping.
Could not help là dạng quá khứ của cannot help (không thể ngừng/ thôi làm gì), phía sau là V-ing.
Lưu ý:
- stop somebody from doing something: ngăn không cho ai làm gì
- weep at/over something: khóc vì việc gì đó
3. "When I met my long-lost brother, I was at a loss for words."
A. When the speaker met his brother, he was puzzled about what to say.
B. When the speaker met his brother, he had much to say.
C. When the speaker met his brother, he refused to say anything.
D. When the speaker met his brother, he had nothing pleasant to say.
- long-lost (adj): lâu không gặp hoặc không nhận được tín tức gì
- at a loss: không biết nói gì hoặc
làm gì
- be puzzled about sth: lúng túng, bối rối
- refuse to do sth: từ chối làm việc gì
4. It's a pity that you didn't tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this.
B. I wish you would tell us about this.
C. I wish you had told us about this.
D. I wish you have told us about this.
Ta nhận thấy mệnh đề that trong câu gốc được chia ở thì quá khứ. Do đó khi chuyển sang câu ước thì

đó phải là câu ước về những sự việc không có thật ở quá khứ. Cấu trúc: S1 + (wish) + (that) + S2 + had
VPII
5. Without transportation, our modern society could not exist.
A. Our modern society could not exist if there is no transportation.
B. Our modern society will not exist without having traffic.
C. If there were no transportation, our society would not exist.
D. If transportation no longer exists, our society will not either.
Câu gốc là câu điều kiện ẩn với without = if there + (be) + not.
Hơn nữa câu này nói đến 1 sự việc không có thật ở hiện tại nên dùng câu điều kiện loại 2.
6. The newspaper has a circulation of five million.
A. The paper is five million years old.
B. Five million people read the newspaper.
C. Five million newspaper are put in a circle. D. The newspaper is round in shape.
circulation (n) : tổng số phát hành báo chí.
7. No sooner had they found her number than they called her.
A. They called her as soon as they found her number.
B. They found her number sooner or later.
C. They called her number sooner or later.
D. They found her number as soon as they called her.
No sooner... than...: chẳng bao lâu sau khi... thì...
Trong cấu trúc này, mệnh đề sau no sooner phải đảo động từ/trợ động từ lên trước chủ ngữ.
As soon as: ngay khi
Lưu ý: sooner or later (trong phương án B, C) có nghĩa là "chẳng sớm thì
muộn".
8. He got over his illness in three months.
A. It took to get over his illness in three months.
B. It took three months for him to get over his illness.


Mr Nguyen

C. It took him three months to get over his illness.
D. It took three months for his illness to get over.
Cấu trúc It "take" somebody + khoảng thời gian + to do st có nghĩa là "Ai đó mất bao lâu để làm gì".
9. Though he tried hard, he didn’t succeed.
A. However hard he tried, he didn’t succeed.
B. However he tried hard, he didn’t succeed.
C. However he didn’t succeed, he tried hard.
D. However he tried hard but he didn’t succeed.
However + adj + S + V có nghĩa là "dù ai đó có như thế nào/ làm gì".
However hard he tried có nghĩa là "dù anh ấy đã rất nỗ lực".
10. Joe still likes Madonna.
A. Joe was a fan of Madonna's for years. B. Joe has been a fan of Madonna's for years.
C. Joe used to like Madonna years ago. D. Joe is being a fan of Madonna.
Trạng từ still có nghĩa là "vẫn còn". Hơn nữa động từ likes được chia ở hiện tại đơn ám chỉ trạng thái
có tính chất lâu dài. Do đó, có thể dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để biểu thị ý này.
II. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. The room was so full that we couldn't get in.
A. The room was too full for us to get in. B. The room was too full so that we can't get in.
C. The room was too full that we can't get in.D. The room was too full that we couldn't get in.
Cấu trúc too + adj + for sb + to do sth có nghĩa là "quá như thế nào khiến ai đó không thể làm gì". Cấu
trúc này tương đương với cấu trúc so + adj + that + S + can/could + not + V.
2. I wish I had chosen English to study at school.
A. The speaker studied English and now regrets doing so.
B. The speaker is not studying English.
C. The speaker regrets not choosing English at school.
D. The speaker regrets having chosen English to study.
Câu gốc là câu điều ước về quá khứ, ước về những điều không xảy ra ở quá khứ "Tôi ước là tôi đã
chọn học Tiếng Anh khi còn ở trường". Điều đó có nghĩa là trong quá khứ người nói đã không chọn
học Tiếng Anh.
"Người nói hối hận vì đã không chọc học Tiếng Anh khi còn ở trường."

3. Leather gloves last longer than plastic ones.
A. Plastic gloves last not as long as leather ones. B. Plastic gloves last shorter than leather ones.
C. Plastic gloves don't last as much as leather ones.
D. Plastic gloves don't last as long as leather ones.
Áp dụng quy tắc chuyển đổi dạng so sánh: A hơn B => B không bằng A. Dạng phủ định của last không
phải là last not mà là don't last.
4. The book interested me more than the film.
A. I thought the book was more interesting than the film.
B. I thought the book was more interested than the film.
C. I thought the book was as interesting as the film.
D. I thought the book was not as interesting as the film.
Dịch: Cuốn sách đó cuốn hút tôi hơn là bộ phim. - Câu C và D loại vì không đúng nghĩa:
+ Câu C: Tôi nghĩ cuốn sách cũng hấp dẫn như bộ phim. + Câu D: Tôi nghĩ cuốn sách không hấp dẫn
bằng bộ phim. - Câu B loại vì ta không dùng tính từ dạng VpII để nói về tính chất của vật.
5. The teacher did not allow the class to leave before 4:30.
A. The teacher made the class to stay until after 4:30.
B. The teacher made the class not leave until after 4:30.
C. The teacher made the class stay until after 4:30.
D. The teacher made the class leave after 4:30.
Cấu trúc là make + O + V nên A sai (vì dùng to stay) và B sai (trong cấu trúc này không dùng not).
Xét nghĩa câu gốc: Cô giáo không cho chúng tôi về trước 4h30. Căn cứ vào nghĩa "Cô giáo bắt chúng
tôi ở lại qua 4h30".
6. If I were you, I'd look for another job.


Mr Nguyen
A. I suggest that you looked for another job.
B. I suggest looking for another job.
C. I suggest you to look for another job. D. I suggest that you look for another job.
Có hai cấu trúc với suggest:

1. suggest + V-ing: gợi ý làm gì đó (người nói cùng thực hiện hành động) 2. suggest that somebody do
something: gợi ý ai làm gì đó.
7. I only remembered the appointment when it was too late.
A. It was only when it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
B. Not until it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
C. Only when it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
D. It was not until it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
Cấu trúc câu tách It + (be) + ... + that ... có tác dụng nhấn mạnh, thành phần được nhấn mạnh nằm
sau be.
- Câu B sai vì có "not until" đứng đầu câu ta phải đảo "was" lên trước chủ ngữ. - Câu C có cụm "only
when..." đứng đầu câu, ta cũng phải áp dụng đảo ngữ. - Câu D sai vì câu này không cần đảo ngữ nhưng
lại đảo ngữ.
8. She finds it difficult to get up early.
A. She used to get up early.
B. She didn't use to get up early.
C. She isn't used to getting up early.
D. She is used to getting up early.
Cần phân biệt 2 cấu trúc với used to:
1. used to V: nói về thói quen trong quá khứ. 2. be/get used to Ving: quen/trở nên quen thuộc với
việc gì đó. "Cô ấy thấy việc dậy sớm thật khó" tương đương với "Cô ấy không quen với việc dậy sớm"
9. I met her when I was staying in Paris last summer.
A. I had met her before I went to Paris last summer.
B. I met her during my stay in Paris last summer.
C. I met her after I went to Paris last summer.
D. I met her during I was staying in Paris last summer.
during + N/V-ing = when + clause
10. Do shops usually stay open so late in this country?
A. Are shops usually opened so late in this country?
B. Do you usually open shops so late in this country?
C. Is it usual for shops to be opened so late in this country?

D. Is it usual for shops to stay open so late in this country?
Trong câu này cần phân biệt sự khác nhau giữa "stay open" và "open". - "open" nói về hành động mở "stay open" nói về trạng thái mở cửa
III. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. Mrs Sally asked the students to hand in their assignments.
A. Mrs Sally gave the class an assignment.
B. Mrs Sally gave the students a hand with their assignments.
C. Mrs Sally asked the students to give their assignments to her.
D. Mrs Sally asked the students to raise their hands if they wanted to ask a question.
Câu gốc có động từ "hand in" có nghĩa là "nộp". Ý nghĩa của từng phương án như sau:
A. Cô Sally giao cho cả lớp một bài tập. B. Cô Sally giúp đỡ các em học sinh làm bài tập.
C. Cô Sally yêu cầu học sinh nộp bài tập cho cô.
D. Cô Sally yêu cầu học sinh giơ tay khi muốn
đặt câu hỏi.
2. Because of working hard, she fell ill.
A. She worked so hard that she fell ill.
B. She didn't work so she fell ill.
C. She was too ill to work hard.
D. She wasn't ill although she worked hard.
Câu gốc: Vì làm việc vất vả, cô ấy đã bị ốm.
A. Cô ấy đã làm việc quá vất vả đến nỗi bị ốm. B. Cô
ấy không làm việc nên cô ấy ốm. C. Cô ấy quá ốm không thể làm việc được. D. Cô ấy không ốm mặc
dù cô ấy làm việc cật lực.
3. It's been fourteen years since I last saw my brother.


Mr Nguyen
A. I didn't see my brother 14 years ago. B. I haven't seen my brother for 14 years.
C. I see my brother once every 14 years. D. My brother is 14 years old.
Câu gốc: Đã 14 năm kể từ khi tôi gặp em trai tôi lần cuối.
A. Cách đây 14 năm tôi đã không gặp

em trai tôi.
B. Tôi không gặp em trai mình đã được 14 năm rồi. C. Tôi gặp em trai tôi 14 năm một lần. D. Em trai
tôi 14 tuổi.
4. Jack is afraid he'll gain weight if he stops smoking.
A. Jack is afraid of smoking.
B. Jack doesn't realize the dangers of smoking.
C. Jack is afraid he'll become fat if he gives up smoking.
D. Jack is afraid he'll lose weight if he doesn't smoke.
Câu gốc: Jack sợ rằng anh ấy sẽ tăng cân nếu anh ấy không hút thuốc nữa. A. Jack sợ hút thuốc.
B. Jack không nhận ra được những nguy cơ mà thuốc là mang lại. C. Jack sợ rằng anh ấy sẽ
béo hơn nếu anh ấy từ bỏ thuốc lá (câu này sử dụng những cụm từ có ý nghĩa tương tự như trong câu
gốc: become fat = gain weight, give up = stop). D. Jack lo sợ anh ấy sẽ giảm cân nếu như anh ấy
không hút thuốc.
5. Fewer people came to the meeting than we had expected.
A. Too many people came to the meeting.
B. There were more people at the meeting than we had expected.
C. We had expected more people to come to the meeting.
D. There were not enough seats for all people as we had expected.
Câu gốc: Số người đến tham dự cuộc họp mặt ít hơn chúng tôi tưởng.
A. Quá nhiều người đến
tham dự cuộc họp. B. Số người đến tham dự cuộc họp nhiều hơn chúng tôi tưởng. C. Chúng tôi đã
mong đợi có nhiều người đến tham dự cuộc họp hơn. D. Không có đủ ghế cho tất cả mọi người như
chúng tôi mong đợi.
6. I should have studied last night but I was too tired.
A. I studied last night because I was bored.
B. I studied last night because I had to.
C. I tried to study last night, but material was too hard.
D. I couldn't study last night because I was very tired.
Câu gốc: Đáng lẽ tối qua tôi nên học nhưng tôi đã quá mệt. A. Tối qua tôi đã học vì tôi cảm thấy chán.
B. Tối qua tôi đã học vì tôi phải làm thế. C. Tối qua tôi đã cố gắng học nhưng tài liệu khó

quá. D. Tối qua tôi không thể học được vì tôi quá mệt. Lưu ý: should + have VPII được dùng để nói về
một việc đáng lẽ ra nên làm trong quá khứ nhưng lại không làm.
7. Although Mr Pike was seriously ill, he still composed nice pieces of music.
A. Mr Pike's pieces of music were very serious.
B. Mr Pike didn't compose any nice pieces of music because he was seriously ill.
C. Despite his serious illness, Mr Pike still composed nice pieces of music.
D. Mr Pike were too ill to compose music.
Câu gốc: Mặc dù Pike bị ốm nặng nhưng ông vẫn sáng tác ra những bản nhạc hay. A. Những bản nhạc
của Pike rất nghiêm túc.B. Pike không sáng tác được bản nhạc hay nào bởi vì ông bị ốm nặng.
C. Mặc dù bị ốm nặng nhưng Pike vẫn sáng tác được những bản nhạc hay. (Câu này sử dụng một cụm
từ tương đương với 1 cụm từ trong câu gốc: Although Mr Pike was seriously ill = Despite his illness)
D. Pike quá ốm không thể sáng tác được nhạc.
8. The coffee was strong, but it didn't keep us awake.
A. The coffee was strong and it could keep us awake.
B. We were kept awake because the coffee was strong.
C. The coffee wasn't strong enough to keep us awake.
D. The coffee was so hot that it didn't keep us awake.
Câu gốc: Cà phê đặc nhưng nó đã không giữ cho chúng tôi thức được. A. Cà phê đặc và nó đã giúp
chúng tôi thức được. B. Chúng tôi đã không ngủ được bởi cà phê đặc. C. Cà phê không đủ đặc để
khiến chúng tôi thức được. D. Cà phê nóng đến mức nó không khiến chúng tôi thức được.
Ghi nhớ cấu trúc: (not) adj/adv + enough + to V -> đủ/ không đủ thế nào ... để làm gì
9. He can hardly understand this matter because he's too young.


Mr Nguyen
A. This matter is too hard for him to understand.
B. He's young, but he can understand this matter.
C. The matter was difficult but he can understand it.
D. Hardly can he understand this matter because he's too young.
Hardly = almost not (gần như không)

Câu gốc: Cậu ấy gần như không thể hiểu được chuyện này vì
cậu ấy quá trẻ. A. Chuyện này quá khó với cậu ấy để có thể hiểu được. B. Cậu ấy trẻ nhưng cậu ấy có
thể hiểu được chuyện này. C. Chuyện này rất khó nhưng cậu ấy có thể hiểu được. D. Cậu ấy gần như
không hiểu được chuyện này vì cậu ấy quá trẻ. Trạng từ phủ định "hardly" được đảo lên đầu câu và trợ
động từ được đảo lên trước chủ ngữ trong cấu trúc đảo ngữ.
10. My mother had the house decorated.
A. My mother had someone decorate the house. B. My mother had to decorate the house.
C. The house is going to be decorated by my mother.
D. My mother had just decorated the house.
have sth done = have sb do sth: nhờ ai làm gì đó
11. "Could you hold the line, please?" said the operator.
A. The operator told me to stop my call. B. The operator told me to speak.
C. The operator told me to wait.
D. The operator told me to call back later.
hold the line = wait (giữ máy)
12. If you don't understand this word, look it up in the dictionary.
A. If you know this word, tell me. B. If you don't know this word, I'll tell you.
C. If my dictionary hasn't got the word, I'll find another one.
D. If you don't know this word, find it in the dictionary.
Câu gốc: Nếu bạn không hiểu nghĩa từ này, hãy tra từ điển. A. Nếu bạn biết từ này, hãy nói cho tớ
biết. B. Nếu bạn không biết từ này, tớ sẽ nói cho cậu. C. Nếu từ điển của tớ không có từ đó, tớ sẽ tìm
quyển từ điển khác.
D. Nếu bạn không biết từ này, hãy tìm nó trong từ điển. Ta thấy câu D và câu gốc khác nhau duy nhất
ở 2 cụm từ mà 2 cụm đó lại có ý nghĩa giống nhau:understand = know, look it up = find it.
13. She hates shopping in large supermarkets and prefers buying food in small shops or street markets.
A. She never goes shopping.
B. She often buys food in the supermarket.
C. She often buys food in small shops and street markets.
D. She goes shopping every day.
Câu gốc có chi tiết "cô ấy thích mua đồ ăn trong những quán nhỏ hoặc ở chợ cóc" có nghĩa cô ấy hay

mua đồ ăn ở những nơi đó.
14. Surprisingly for an American, he doesn't drink any coke.
A. He always drinks coke.
B. A lot of American people drink coke.
C. He is a surprise for the Americans.
D. He sometimes drinks coke.
Câu gốc: Thật ngạc nhiên đối với một người Mĩ, anh ấy không uống coca. Điều đó có nghĩa rất nhiều
người Mĩ uống coca.
15. Just breathing the air in Mexico City is the same as smoking 40 cigarettes a day.
A. An average person in Mexico City smokes 40 cigarettes a day.
B. Taking in the air in this city is good for your health.
C. Taking in the air in this city has the same effect as smoking 40 cigarettes.
D. People in Mexico never smoke.
Câu gốc: Chỉ mỗi việc hít thở không khí ở thành phố Mehico cũng giống với việc hút 40 điếu thuốc
một ngày.
A. Trung bình mỗi người ở thành phố Mehico hút 40 điếu thuốc một ngày. B. Hít thở không khí ở
thành phố này tốt cho sức khỏe.
C. Hít thở không khí ở thành phố này có tác dụng giống như hút 40 điếu thuốc một ngày.
D. Người Mehico không bao giờ hút thuốc.


Mr Nguyen
IV. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. It took her two hours to do housework yesterday.
A. She spent two hours to doing housework yesterday.
B. It took her two hours doing housework yesterday.
C. She spent two hours doing housework yesterday.
D. Do housework yesterday took him two hours.
Câu gốc có cấu trúc It + (take) + O + (time) + to V. Cấu trúc này tương đương với cấu trúc S + (spend)
+ (time) + V-ing. Cả hai cấu trúc đều có ý nghĩa là ai đó mất bao nhiêu thời gian để làm gì.

2. The weather is very cold, so they can't go swimming.
A. The weather is so cold that they can't go swimming.
B. The weather isn't cold enough for them to go swimming.
C. The weather is too cold for them going swimming.
D. It is so a cold weather that they can't go swimming.
Dịch câu gốc: Thời tiết rất lạnh, vì vậy họ không thể đi bơi.
Loại C và D vì không đúng cấu trúc ngữ pháp. Trong cấu trúc với too + adj ta dùng động từ ở dạng
nguyên thể có to, không dùng V-ing. So đi với tính từ, such mới đi với danh từ. Câu D dùng so là sai.
Câu B mang ý nghĩa trái ngược hẳn với câu gốc: Thời tiết không đủ lạnh để họ có thể đi bơi.
- Câu A sử dụng cấu trúc so + adj + that clause có nghĩa là "như thế nào đến mức như thế nào".
3. My friend is living in Moscow. I received this letter from him.
A. My friend, whom I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
B. My friend, from whom I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
C. My friend whom I received this letter from is living in Moscow.
D. My friend, that I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
Danh từ my friend là chưa xác định, do đó chúng ta không thể dùng mệnh đề không hạn định (có dấu
phẩy ngăn cách giữa 2 mệnh đề).
4. They saw the children play football in the street.
A. The children were being seen to play football in the street.
B. The children were seen to playing football in the street.
C. The children were seen play football in the street.
D. The children were seen to play football in the street.
Câu chủ động có dạng see + O + V (chủ thể chứng kiến toàn bộ hành động).
Câu bị động của cấu
trúc này có dạng be seen + to V.
5. I have never been to France before.
A. It's the first time that I've gone to France.
B. It's the first time that I went to France.
C. It's the first time that I've been to France.
D. It's the first time that I was to France.

Ta có thể loại B và D vì sau cấu trúc It's the first time that ... ta chia động từ ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành
chứ không dùng thì quá khứ. Ta loại A vì have gone to (ai đó đi đâu vẫn chưa về) khác nghĩa với have
been to (ai đó đi đâu đã trở về).
6. It's a pity that you didn't tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this.
B. I wish you had told us about this.
C. I wish you would tell us about this. D. I wish you have told us about this.
Câu gốc nói đến một sự việc đã không diễn ra ở trong quá khứ. Do đó ta phải dùng câu ước ở quá khứ
(động từ lùi từ quá khứ đơn thành quá khứ hoàn thành).
7. He's getting them to mend the windows.
A. He's having the windows to mend.
B. He's having to mend the windows.
C. He's having to be mended the windows.
D. He's having the windows mended.
Ta có cấu trúc câu bị động have sth done (nhờ ai đó làm gì).
8. It started to rain at 2 o'clock and it is still raining.
A. It has been raining at 2 o'clock.
B. It has been raining since 2 o'clock.
C. It has been raining for 2 o'clock.
D. It has been raining in 2 o'clock.
Bốn lựa chọn gần như giống nhau chỉ khác ở cách dùng giới từ chỉ thời gian. Nhận thấy động từ trong
câu chia ở hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn, 2 o'clock lại là mốc thời gian nên dùng since.


Mr Nguyen
9. They made her hand over her passport.
A. She was made to hand over her passport.
B. She was made hand over her passport.
C. She was handed over to make her passport. D. She was handed over for her passport to make.
Câu chủ động với "make": make + O + V

Câu bị động với "make": be made + to V
10. I tried to eat the cake, but it was too sweet.
A. It was such a sweet cake that I couldn't eat it. B. It was so sweet cake that I couldn't eat it.
C. The cake was too sweet that I couldn't eat it. D. The cake was very sweet that I couldn't eat it.
- B sai vì sau so là tính từ chứ không phải danh từ sweet cake là cụm danh từ.
- C sai vì theo sau too + adj là to V chứ không phải mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng that.
- D sai vì nó không đúng với cấu trúc "so + adj + that clause".
11. My brother and I went to that school.
A. I went to that school and my brother, too.
B. I went to that school and so my brother did.
C. I went to that school and so did my brother. D. I went to that school and so my brother did, too.
A sai vì thiếu trợ động từ theo sau my brother. B sai vì khi dùng so phải đảo trợ động từ lên trước chủ
ngữ.
D sai vì câu dùng cả so và too.
12. She said to us: "Don't be late again."
A. She said to us not to be late again.
B. She told us to be not late again.
C. She told to us not to be late again.
D. She told us not to be late again.
Loại A vì ta chỉ nói say sth hoặc say + mệnh đề, không dùng to V sau say. Sau tell bắt buộc phải có tân
ngữ đi ngay sau nó nên loại C.
Khi muốn diễn đạt ý phủ định, đặt not trước to V.
Ghi nhớ cấu trúc: tell sb not to do sth (bảo ai không được làm gì)
13. I often get up early in the morning.
A. I am used to getting up early in the morning. B. I am used to get up early in the morning.
C. I used to get up early in the morning.
D. I used to getting up early in the morning.
Có 2 cấu trúc với "used to":
1. used to + V (nguyên thể): dùng để nói về thói quen trong quá khứ và không còn tiếp diễn ở hiện tại.
2. be/get + used to + Ving: nghĩa là quen với việc gì nên loại ngay B và D vì sai cấu trúc.

Câu gốc nói rằng "Tôi thường xuyên dậy sớm vào buổi sáng." và động từ chia ở hiện tại. Căn cứ vào
cách dùng của hai cấu trúc trên ta chọn được đáp án đúng là
14. Getting a good job doesn't interest him.
A. He isn't good at getting an interesting job. B. He isn't interested in getting a good job.
C. He is only interested in getting a good job. D. Even a good job isn't suitable to him.
Câu gốc: Việc có một công việc tốt không làm anh ta hứng thú.A. Anh ta không giỏi trong việc tìm
một công việc thú vị. B. Anh ta không quan tâm đến việc có một công việc tốt. C. Anh ta chỉ quan tâm
đến việc có được một công việc tốt. D. Thậm chí một công việc tốt cũng không phù hợp với anh ấy.
15. The garden is too small to play football in.
A. The garden is so small not to play football in.
B. The garden is small enough to play football in.
C. The garden isn't big enough to play football in.
D. The garden is such small that they can't play football in.
Loại A vì sai cấu trúc so + adj + that clause. Loại B vì khác nghĩa. (Câu này có nghĩa là "Vườn đủ nhỏ
để chơi bóng đá trong đó" trong khi câu gốc là "Vườn quá nhỏ nên không thể chơi bóng đá trong đó.")
- Loại D vì sau such là danh từ chứ không phải tính từ.
V. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. Second prize was awarded to an unknown author from Pastra.
A. An award of second prize was given an unknown author from Pastra.
B. An unknown author from Pastra was awarded second prize.
C. An unknown author from Pastra was awarded with the second prize.
D. Unknown author was awarded second.


Mr Nguyen
second prize: giải nhì
Lưu ý: khi nói giải nhất, giải nhì hay giải ba chúng ta không dùng mạo từ "the" trước từ chỉ thứ tự.
Câu gốc là câu bị động, với chủ ngữ là tân ngữ trực tiếp trong câu chủ động.
2. I used to live alone.
A. I lived by myself but I no longer do it now. B. I lived by myself and I was used to it.

C. I am used to living alone.
D. I was used to living by myself.
Ghi nhớ cấu trúc với used to: - used to V: thói quen ở quá khứ - be/get used to N/Ving: quen với việc
gì đó
3. I was late for work because the bus broke down.
A. As the bus was broken, I was late for work. B. Due to a bus break-down, I was late for work.
C. Since the bus broke into pieces, I was late for work.
D. Due to the fact that the bus was broken, I was late for work.
break down (v): hỏng do lỗi kĩ thuật ≠ break (v): hỏng do bị phá hoại, do các tác nhân từ bên ngoài
4. "If I were you, I would get in touch with the boss."
A. He suggested that I would get in touch with the boss.
B. He suggested keeping in touch with the boss.
C. He recommended that I should get in touch with the boss.
D. He wished he were me so that he could get in touch with the boss.
Câu A sử dụng sai cấu trúc với suggest: suggest that sb (should) do sth (không dùng would).
Câu B khác hẳn nghĩa với câu gốc vì cấu trúc suggest + V-ing dùng khi gợi ý rủ ai cùng làm gì. Hơn
nữa cụm từ keep in touch (giữ liên lạc) cũng mang ý nghĩa khác với get in touch (liên lạc)
Câu D cũng khác hẳn về nghĩa (Anh ấy ước anh ấy là tôi để anh ấy có thể liên lạc với ông chủ).
5. I'm not very good at gardening, I'm afraid.
A. I'm not much of a gardener, I'm afraid.
B. I regret that I bad at gardening.
C. I'm scared to work in the garden.
D. I am afraid of working in the garden.
Câu gốc: Tôi e là tôi không giỏi việc làm vườn. Câu A sử dụng cụm từ not much of a... = not a
good... -> giống nghĩa với câu gốc. Câu B: Tôi hối hận rằng tôi không giỏi làm vườn. => khác
nghĩa Câu C và D đều có nghĩa: Tôi sợ làm việc trong vườn => loại
6. We started cooking for the party four hours ago.
A. We began to cook for the party for four hours.
B. We have been cooking for the party for four hours.
C. We cooked for the party for four hours.

D. We cooked for the party four hours ago.
Câu gốc: Chúng tôi bắt đầu nấu nướng cho bữa tiệc cách đây bốn tiếng.
Động từ trong câu A (began) chia không phù hợp với trạng từ chỉ thời gian (for four hours). Hành động
"bắt đầu" là hành động mang tính chất ngắn không thể diễn ra trong một khoảng thời gian được.
Câu B: Chúng tôi đã nấu nướng cho bữa tiệc được bốn tiếng rồi => gần nghĩa với câu gốc (hành động
bắt đầu cách đây bốn tiếng đồng nghĩa với việc hành động đã kéo dài được bốn tiếng tính đến thời
điểm hiện tại).
7. The boatmen were able to escape just before the boat sank.
A. The boatmen could escape just before the boat sank.
B. The boatmen attempted to escape just before the boat sank.
C. The boatmen succeeded to escape just before the boat sank.
D. The boatmen managed to escape just before the boat sank.
Cấu trúc were/was able to V tương đương với cấu trúc managed to V có nghĩa là "cố gắng xoay sở/
làm được gì trong hoàn cảnh khó khăn".
8. It may be possible for you to go there without a visa.
A. It may not be impossible for you to go there without a visa.
B. You may be possible to go there without a visa.
C. It may be unnecessary for you to get a visa to go there.
D. You may find it possible to get a visa to go there.
Câu gốc: Bạn có thể đến đó mà không cần visa.
Trong các đáp án thì C là đáp án gần nghĩa nhất (Bạn không cần có visa vẫn có thể đến được đó.)


Mr Nguyen
9. Please don't use the shower after midnight.
A. Would you mind not to use the shower after midnight?
B. Would you like to use the shower after midnight?
C. I don't want you to use the shower.
D. Would you mind not using the shower after midnight?
Câu gốc là một lời đề nghị vì vậy chúng ta cũng phải tìm trong 4 lựa chọn đáp án có cấu trúc của một

lời đề nghị.
Nhận thấy A và D đều bắt đầu bằng cụm từ dùng trong câu đề nghị Would you mind, tuy nhiên câu A
dùng sai cấu trúc vì sau cụm từ trên là động từ dạng V-ing.
Đáp án là D.
10. It would be better if you did not bring your dog in here.
A. I'd rather you hadn't brought you dog in here.
B. I wish you hadn't brought your dog in here.
C. I'd rather you didn't bring your dog in here.
D. You have brought your dog in here, which is against the rules.
Cấu trúc would rather sb did sth mang ý nghĩa như một lời yêu cầu trang trọng.
11. The car is more expensive than it ought to be.
A. The car ought to be expensive.
B. The car shouldn't be so cheap.
C. The car looks like an inexpensive automobile.
D. The car costs more than it should.
Câu gốc: Chiếc xe ô tô đắt hơn giá trị thực của nó.
Đáp án là D: Chiếc xe ô tô có giá cao hơn giá mà nó đáng.
12. Jane hardly ever enjoys eating vegetables.
A. She enjoys eating vegetables.
B. She has fun growing vegetables.
C. She almost never eats vegetables.
D. She sells vegetables for living.
hardly ever = almost never (gần như không)
13.We had several guests at our house over the holidays.
A. We were guests at our friend's house.
B. Several people visited us during the holidays.
C. The holidays were over by the time our guests arrived.
D. We guessed that several people would come.
Câu gốc: Chúng tôi có một vài vị khách đến thăm nhà vào kì nghỉ.
- Câu A: Chúng tôi là khách ở nhà bạn chúng tôi. => loại

- Câu B: Một vài người đã đến thăm chúng tôi trong suốt kì nghỉ. => đúng
- Câu C: Kì nghỉ vừa kết thúc khi những vị khách của chúng tôi tới. => loại
- Câu D: Chúng tôi đoán rằng một vài người sẽ tới. => loại
14. I can't believe that he did it without telling me first.
A. I can't believe what he told me.
B. He told me that he did it first.
C. He didn't believe that I told him first.
D. He didn't inform me before he did it.
Câu gốc: Tôi không thể tin được là anh ta đã làm mà không nói với tôi trước.
- Câu A: Tôi không tin những gì anh ta nói.
- Câu B: Anh ta nói với tôi rằng anh ta đã làm điều đó trước.
- Câu C: Anh ta không tin rằng tôi đã nói với anh ta trước.
- Câu D: Anh ta không thông báo cho tôi trước khi anh ta làm việc đó.
Đáp án là D.
15. It is too late to change it, so leave it the way it is.
A. It can't be altered at this point.