cach viet tat trong TA- Abbreviation

ABBREVIATIONS
ABBREVIATIONS




Give the full form of these followings:
Give the full form of these followings:
1.USA
1.USA
2.NATO
2.NATO
3.UNO
3.UNO
4.VOA
4.VOA
5.V- Day
5.V- Day
6.TV
6.TV
7.Prof.
7.Prof.
8.Zoo
8.Zoo
9.ITCC
9.ITCC
10.ASEAN

10.ASEAN
11.FM
11.FM
12.Interpol
12.Interpol
13.B.C
13.B.C
14.brunch
14.brunch
15.UNESCO
15.UNESCO
United Nations of America
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
United Nations Organization
Voice of America
Victory day
Television
Professor
Zoological garden
International Training and Consultancy Center
Association of South-East Asia Nations
Frequency modulation
International Criminal Police Organization
Before Christ
Breakfast and lunch
United Nations Educasional, Scientific and Cultural
organization

So what is Abbreviation?
So what is Abbreviation?
How many types of Abbreviation?
How many types of Abbreviation?
How to make Abbreviation?
How to make Abbreviation?

An
An
abbreviation
abbreviation
is a shortened form of a
is a shortened form of a
word or
word or
phrase
phrase
.( the shortening of a word or
.( the shortening of a word or
phrase to be used to represent the full form.)
phrase to be used to represent the full form.)
There are four main types of abbreviations:
There are four main types of abbreviations:
clipped forms, acronyms, blended forms and
clipped forms, acronyms, blended forms and
contractions.
contractions.

Clipped forms
Clipped forms
of words usually consist of the
of words usually consist of the
few letters of the full form.
few letters of the full form.
Eg:
Eg:
cont.
cont.
= continued,
= continued,
in
in
= inch.
= inch.


limo
limo
= limousine,
= limousine,
hippo
hippo
= hippopotamus
= hippopotamus

bus
bus
= omnibus,
= omnibus,
taxi
taxi
= taxicab
= taxicab


zoo
zoo
= zoological garden,
= zoological garden,
deli
deli
= delicatessen
= delicatessen


ad = advertisement, dorm = dormitory
ad = advertisement, dorm = dormitory


memo = memorandum
memo = memorandum
1. Clipped forms
1. Clipped forms

+
+
Initial clipping
Initial clipping
:
:
the first part of a word is clipped
the first part of a word is clipped
:
:
Phone = telephone, plane = airplane….
Phone = telephone, plane = airplane….
+
+
Final clipping
Final clipping
:
:
the last part of a word is clipped
the last part of a word is clipped
:
:


Exam = examination, Lab = laboratory, sis = sister,
Exam = examination, Lab = laboratory, sis = sister,

prof. = professor, doc = document….
prof. = professor, doc = document….
+
+
Initio- final clipping
Initio- final clipping
:
:
both the first and the last parts are
both the first and the last parts are
clipped.
clipped.


flu = influenza, tec = detective….
flu = influenza, tec = detective….
+
+
Medial clipping
Medial clipping
:
:
the medial part is clipped
the medial part is clipped
:
:


maths = mathematics, specs = spectacles,
maths = mathematics, specs = spectacles,

V-day = Victory day, H-bomb = Hydro bomb….
V-day = Victory day, H-bomb = Hydro bomb….




2. Acronyms
2. Acronyms



Acronyms are
Acronyms are
abbreviations
abbreviations
that are formed using the
that are formed using the
initial components in a phrase or name.( Acronyms
initial components in a phrase or name.( Acronyms
also are the new words built from the initials of
also are the new words built from the initials of
several words. )
several words. )
Eg:
Eg:
BBC
BBC
= British Broadcasting Corporation

= British Broadcasting Corporation


VOA
VOA
= Voice of America
= Voice of America
UNO
UNO
= United Nations Organization
= United Nations Organization
UNESCO
UNESCO
= United Nations Educasional,
= United Nations Educasional,


Scientific and Cultural Organization
Scientific and Cultural Organization


R&R
R&R
= rest and recreation
= rest and recreation


R&D
R&D
= research and development

= research and development




ASAP
ASAP
= as soon as possible.
= as soon as possible.


ITALY
ITALY
= I trust and love you.
= I trust and love you.


BTW
BTW
= by the way…
= by the way…






☼
☼
There are two special cases of Acronyms:

There are two special cases of Acronyms:
Monograms
Monograms
and
and
Homonymy
Homonymy
.
.
Monograms:
Monograms:
are two or more letters combined
are two or more letters combined
in one design. They are usually used in
in one design. They are usually used in
hand-kerchiefs, note-paper and in
hand-kerchiefs, note-paper and in
wedding invitations.
wedding invitations.