Bµi 52
TÝnh chÊt kÕt hîp cña phÐp nh©n
TÝnh råi so s¸nh gi¸ trÞ cña hai biÓu thøc:
TÝnh råi so s¸nh gi¸ trÞ cña hai biÓu thøc:
( 2 x 3 ) x 4 vµ 2 x ( 3 x 4 )
( 2 x 3 ) x 4 vµ 2 x ( 3 x 4 )
( 2 x 3 ) x 4 = 6 x 4 = 24
( 2 x 3 ) x 4 = 6 x 4 = 24
vµ 2 x ( 3 x 4 ) = 2 x 12 = 24
vµ 2 x ( 3 x 4 ) = 2 x 12 = 24
VËy: ( 2 x 3 ) x 4 = 2 x ( 3 x 4 )
VËy: ( 2 x 3 ) x 4 = 2 x ( 3 x 4 )
So s¸nh gi¸ trÞ cña hai biÓu thøc:
So s¸nh gi¸ trÞ cña hai biÓu thøc:
( a x b ) x c vµ a x ( b x c ) trong b¶ng sau:
( a x b ) x c vµ a x ( b x c ) trong b¶ng sau:
4
4
5
5
3
3
a
a
6
6
2
2
4
4
b
b
2
2
3
3
5
5
c
c
5 x ( 2 x 3 ) = 30
5 x ( 2 x 3 ) = 30
3 x ( 4 x 5 ) = 60
3 x ( 4 x 5 ) = 60
a x ( b x c )
a x ( b x c )
( a x b ) x c
( a x b ) x c
( 3 x 4 ) x 5 = 60
( 3 x 4 ) x 5 = 60
( 5 x 2 ) x 3 = 30
( 5 x 2 ) x 3 = 30
( 4 x 6 ) x 2 = 48
( 4 x 6 ) x 2 = 48
4 x ( 6 x 2 ) = 48
4 x ( 6 x 2 ) = 48
VËy gi¸ trÞ cña biÓu thøc (a x b) x c lu«n nh thÕ nµo
víi gi¸ trÞ cña biÓu thøc a x (b x c) ?
A.( a x b ) xc > a x ( b x c )
A.( a x b ) xc > a x ( b x c )
B. ( a x b ) x c = a x ( b x c )
B. ( a x b ) x c = a x ( b x c )
C. ( a x b ) x c < a x ( b x c )
C. ( a x b ) x c < a x ( b x c )
a x ( b x c) = a x ( b x c )
a x ( b x c) = a x ( b x c )
Khi nh©n mét tÝch hai sè víi sè thø ba, ta cã thÓ nh©n sè
Khi nh©n mét tÝch hai sè víi sè thø ba, ta cã thÓ nh©n sè
thø nhÊt víi tÝch cña sè thø hai vµ sè thø ba.
thø nhÊt víi tÝch cña sè thø hai vµ sè thø ba.
Chó ý:
Chó ý:
Ta cã thÓ tÝnh gi¸ trÞ cña biÓu thøc d¹ng a x b x c
Ta cã thÓ tÝnh gi¸ trÞ cña biÓu thøc d¹ng a x b x c
nh sau:
nh sau:
a x b x c = ( a x b ) x c = a x ( b x c )
a x b x c = ( a x b ) x c = a x ( b x c )
TÝnh b»ng hai c¸ch: 2 x 5 x 4 = ?
TÝnh b»ng hai c¸ch: 2 x 5 x 4 = ?
C¸ch 1: 2 x 5 x 4 = ( 2 x 5 ) x 4 = 10 x 4 = 40
C¸ch 1: 2 x 5 x 4 = ( 2 x 5 ) x 4 = 10 x 4 = 40
C¸ch 2: 2 x 5 x 4 = 2 x ( 5 x 4 ) = 2 x 20 = 40
C¸ch 2: 2 x 5 x 4 = 2 x ( 5 x 4 ) = 2 x 20 = 40
Bµi tËp 1: TÝnh b»ng hai c¸ch:
Bµi tËp 1: TÝnh b»ng hai c¸ch:
a) 4 x 5 x 3
a) 4 x 5 x 3
3 x 5 x 6
3 x 5 x 6
b) 5 x 2 x 7
b) 5 x 2 x 7
3 x 4 x 5
3 x 4 x 5
4 x 5 x 3 = ( 4 x 5 ) x 3 = 20 x 3 = 60
4 x 5 x 3 = ( 4 x 5 ) x 3 = 20 x 3 = 60
4 x 5 x 3 = 4 x ( 5 x 3 ) = 4 x 15 = 60
4 x 5 x 3 = 4 x ( 5 x 3 ) = 4 x 15 = 60
3 x 5 x 6 = ( 3 x 5 ) x 6 = 15 x 6 = 90
3 x 5 x 6 = ( 3 x 5 ) x 6 = 15 x 6 = 90
3 x 5 x 6 = 3 x ( 5 x 6 ) = 3 x 30 = 90
3 x 5 x 6 = 3 x ( 5 x 6 ) = 3 x 30 = 90
5 x 2 x 7= ( 5 x 2 ) x 7 = 10 x 7 = 70
5 x 2 x 7= ( 5 x 2 ) x 7 = 10 x 7 = 70
5 x 2 x 7 =( 5 x 2 ) x 7 = 10 x 7 = 70
5 x 2 x 7 =( 5 x 2 ) x 7 = 10 x 7 = 70
3 x 4 x 5 = ( 3 x 4 ) x 5 = 12 x 5 = 60
3 x 4 x 5 = ( 3 x 4 ) x 5 = 12 x 5 = 60
3 x 4 x 5 = 3 x ( 4 x 5 ) = 3 x 20 = 60
3 x 4 x 5 = 3 x ( 4 x 5 ) = 3 x 20 = 60
Bµi tËp 2 : TÝnh b»ng c¸ch thuËn tiÖn nhÊt
Bµi tËp 2 : TÝnh b»ng c¸ch thuËn tiÖn nhÊt
a) 13 x 5 x 2
a) 13 x 5 x 2
5 x 2 x 34
5 x 2 x 34
b) 2 x 26 x 5
b) 2 x 26 x 5
5 x 9 x 3 x 2
5 x 9 x 3 x 2