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GRAVE OF THE FIREFLIES
Grave of the Fireflies is a 1988 Japanese animated war drama film written and directed by Isao
Takahata and animated by Studio Ghibli. It is based on the 1967 semi-autobiographical short story
Grave of the Fireflies by AkiyukiNosaka. The film stars Tsutomu Tatsumi, AyanoShiraishi, Yoshiko
Shinohara and Akemi Yamaguchi. Set in the city of Kobe, Japan, the film tells the story of two
siblings, Seita and Setsuko, and their desperate struggle to survive during the final months of the
Second World War.Grave of the Fireflies received acclaim from film critics. Roger Ebert of the
Chicago Sun-Times considered it to be one of the best and most powerful war films and, in 2000,
included it on his "Great Movies" list. Two live-action remakes of Grave of the Fireflies were made,
one in 2005 and one in 2008. It is commonly described as an anti-war film, but this interpretation has
been denied by the director.
The film begins at Sannomiya Station on 21 September 1945, shortly after the end of World War II. A
boy, Seita (清清?), is shown dying of starvation. Later that night, having removed Seita's body, a janitor
digs through his possessions and finds a candy tin which he throws away into a nearby field. The spirit
of Seita's younger sister, Setsuko (清清?), springs from the tin and is joined by Seita's spirit as well as a
cloud of fireflies. Seita's spirit then begins to narrate their story accompanied by an extended flashback
of the final months of World War II.The flashback begins in Kobe on 16–17 March 1945, with a fleet
of several hundred American B-29 Superfortress bombers flying overhead. Setsuko and Seita, the two
siblings, are left to secure the house and their belongings, allowing their mother, who suffers from a
heart condition, to reach a bomb shelter. They are caught off-guard as the bombers begin to drop
thousands of incendiary bomblet, which start huge fires that quickly destroy their neighborhood and
most of the city. Although they survive unscathed, their mother is horribly burned and dies a short time
later. Having nowhere else to go, Setsuko and Seita move in with a distant aunt, who allows them to
stay but convinces Seita to sell his mother's kimonos for rice. While living with their relatives, Seita
goes out to retrieve supplies he had buried before the bombing. He gives them all to his aunt but hides
a small tin of Sakuma fruit drops, which becomes a recurrent icon throughout the film. Their aunt
continues to shelter them, but as food rations continue to shrink, she becomes increasingly resentful
and openly remarks on how they do nothing to earn the food she cooks.
Seita and Setsuko finally decide to leave and move into an abandoned bomb shelter. They release
fireflies into the shelter for light. The next day, Setsuko is horrified to find that the insects have all
died. She buries them all in a grave, asking why they had to die, and why her mother had to die. What


began as a new lease on life grows grim as they run out of rice, forcing Seita to steal from local
farmers and loot homes during air raids. When he is caught, he realizes his desperation and takes an
increasingly ill Setsuko to a doctor, who informs him that Setsuko is suffering from malnutrition but
offers no help. In a panic, Seita withdraws all the money remaining in their mother's bank account, but
as he leaves the bank, he becomes distraught when he learns from a nearby crowd that Japan has
surrendered unconditionally to the Allied Powers. He also learns that his father, a captain in the
Imperial Japanese Navy, is probably dead since nearly all of Japan's navy is now at the bottom of the
ocean. He returns to the shelter with a large quantity of food, only to find a dying Setsuko


hallucinating. Seita hurries to cook, but she dies soon after. Seita cremates Setsuko's body, and puts her
ashes in the fruit tin, which he carries along with his father's photograph, until his death from
malnutrition in Sannomiya Station a few weeks later.In the film's final scene, the spirits of Seita and
Setsuko are seen healthy, well-dressed and happy as they sit together, surrounded by fireflies. The
camera then moves overhead, showing the two of them looking down on the modern city of Kobe.
Some critics in the West have viewed Grave of the Fireflies as an anti-war film due to the graphic and
emotional depiction of the pernicious repercussions of war on a society, and the individuals therein.
The film focuses its attention almost entirely on the personal tragedies that war gives rise to, rather
than seeking to glamorize it as a heroic struggle between competing ideologies. It emphasizes that war
is society's failure to perform its most important duty to protect its own people.However, director
Takahata repeatedly denied that the film was an anti-war film. In his own words, "[The film] is not at
all an anti-war anime and contains absolutely no such message." Instead, Takahata had intended to
convey an image of the brother and sister living a failed life due to isolation from society and invoke
sympathy particularly in people in their teens and twenties.
Grave of the Fireflies received near universal acclaim from film critics. The film review aggregator
website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 97% approval rating based on 32 reviews. It offers the consensus:
"An achingly sad anti-war film, Grave of the Fireflies is one of Studio Ghibli's most profoundly
beautiful, haunting works".Grave of the Fireflies made Time Out magazine's, with help from director
Terry Gilliam, top 50 animated film list, where it was ranked at #12 on the list. Roger Ebert of the
Chicago Sun-Times put the film on his "Great Movies List" calling it, "an emotional experience so

powerful that it forces a rethinking of animation."Grave of the Fireflies ranked 12 on Total Film's 50
greatest animated films.It was also ranked at #10 in Time Out magazine's "The 50 greatest World War
II movies" list.Empire magazine ranked the film at #6 in its list of "The Top 10 Depressing Movies".
The film ranked #19 on Wizard's Anime Magazine on their "Top 50 Anime released in North
America".Theron Martin of Anime News Network said that, in terms of the original U.S. Manga Corps
dub, while the other voices were "perfectly acceptable," "Setsuko just doesn't sound quite convincing
as a four-year-old in English. That, unfortunately, is a big negative, since a good chunk of the pathos
the movie delivers is at least partly dependent on that performance."


Lychee
T: Hi guys. Excuse me. Can you how to get to Thanh Sơn village please?
D: Sure. Go ahead and turn the first left.
T: Thanks. Are you local people here?
D: Yes.
T: My name is Tian. I'm from Nam Sach district and i'm a reporter of 14 channel. I'm doing a report
about the speciality fruit of Thanh Ha district - lychee.
D: Hi, my name is Diep and this is my friend, Huyen.
H: Hello Toan. What can we do to help you?
T: I'm finding out some information of lychee. So can tell me some, about its origin?
H: Of course. As you know, lychee is the most famous fruit in Thanh Ha, expecially is Thanh Son
commune, where the first lychee tree was planted.
T: As far as I know, Hoang Phuc Thanh (or Hoang Van Com) is the person who planted this tree, right?
H: Exactly. He brought the lychee's seeds to Thanh Son and took care of it. Nowadays, the tree is very
old and big with the age of about 200 years old and it become the oldest lychee tree in Vietnam. If you
go to Thanh Son, you will see the temple of Hoang Van Com next to the tree. And the local people
here always proud of it so they took over the business, planted more trees everywhere to express the
respect. It is pass down from generation to generation.
T: So how many kinds of lychee and what kind is the most delicous?
D: Lychee has many types and each type has different shape, taste,... It is planted in many places in

Vietnam but i think the most delicous is the lychee in Thanh Ha. Its skin is thin, scabrous and red.
Lychee'c pulp is thick, full of water and very sweet. It is suitable for the hot weather of summer.
T: Fantastic. I really want to buy lychee as gift for my family and my friends. Where can I buy it?
D: Oh no. We don't sell lychee now. It is August but the lychee oftens blooms on March, and fruitful
from April to June. You should go here on May; and you can buy it for your family. I think it will be a
wonderful gift because it has plentiful vitamin so it's very good and nutritious for your health. You can
eat lychee as fruit, drinks or food. They all are pretty good.
T: What a pity! OK, I will come back on May next year. So how do you feel about your local speciality
fruit?


H: I really love and proud of it. Thanh Ha's lychee is one of 14 specialities fruit in Vietnam. It has been
exported to many countries like USA, China, India,...It remind us of our country, Thanh Ha district.
And you know, you can't talk about Thanh Ha without talking about lychee.
T: Right. All your information are very interesting.
D: We hope you will have a wonderful report about Thanh Ha’s lychee with those
information. And Toan, what makes you proud of your village?
T: There is Chu Dau ceramic craft village. It is over 500 years old. It is very famous with many
abundant and beautiful designs of pottery. People come here to buy products for decorating or they can
make pottery themselves in the workshops. My father is a skillful artisan and he always proud of the
tradition of my family and me too.
H: I'm impressed by variety of designs. I'm looking forward to visiting your village.
D: We hope we can go to Chu Dau one time. And hope you will come back soon, too.
T: Sure. Thanks for the interesting conversation and fantastic information. Goodbye.



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