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Although Ju lie had been with Mrs W orthington ju s t three days, she
h ad already learnt th a t her boss w as the kind of person one h ad to be
careful with. Her changes of mood could be rapid, she definitely did not
tolerate failure, laziness or poor work an d she firmly believed th a t everyone’s highest priority should be their work for the com pany. Ju lie
w as enjoying h e r job a s Mrs W orthington’s personal secretary, b u t she
knew th a t today would be tough.
For several days, Ju lie had been experiencing toothache. At first, it
w as merely a m inor annoyance th a t could be ignored. “It’ll probably go
away by itself,” Ju lie told herself. “If not, 111 see the d entist w hen I’m
m ore settled here a t work. It’s not that-u rg ent.”

ẦN

It d id n ’t disappear, however, and after an extremely uncom fortable
night, Julie awoke to severe dental pain. “T hat’s ju s t w hat I need,” she
said to herself. “Maybe I can get a d en tist’s appointm ent for this evening, after w ork.”

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. Ju lie called the dentist's. “I’m afraid the only tim e th e dentist has
available today is a t 3.30 pm this afternoon,” said th e receptionist.
Julie h ad to m ake an im m ediate decision. “I’ll take it,” she said.

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The question was, how was Mrs W orthington going to react? Would
she say, “Of course you can leave early, Julie. In fact, leave a t lunchtim e
and don’t come back until you're completely better,”? Julie knew a far
more likely response would be som ething along the lines of: “Well, that
really is m ost inconvenient. Couldn’t you have arranged to see the dentist in your own time? You have to think about the com pany as well, you
know. We c a n ’t all take time off whenever we feel like it. We’d never get
any work done if we all spent the day running around seeing doctors and
dentists. C an't you change the time of your appointm ent?”

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The pain w as increasing in intensity, though, and Julie knew she
h ad to see a d en tist today. If the only solution w as to leave work early
an d face Mrs W orthington’s displeasure, th en so be it.
“H ere’s your coffee, Mrs W orthington,” said Julie, as she went into
h er b o ss’s office for the first time th a t morning.

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“T hank you, Ju lie,” said Mrs W orthington, w ithout looking up.
“Don’t forget I need those reports typed up by three o’clock at the latest. I’ve got a m eeting with Mr Price this afternoon.” “Yes, Mrs Worthington. IVe nearly finished them . Uram ... Sorry, Mrs W orthington,

b u t I wonder if I could ask you som ething. It’s quite im portant.”
“W hat is it, Ju lie? ” She looked up from the docum ents sh e ’d been
studying, an d w ithout giving Julie a chance to reply, said: “Oh my
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goodness! What^s.;happ.ene'd:ito yo u r'face? It’s all swollen on one side.
Are you all r i g h ^ .
_•••
I" ’
“I’ve got reálỉy;bạd -tootftaetteV-M^
I. called the den tist
an d triẹd to mạ&ể;aii: a p p o m ti^
b u t the.only tim e he
can see me- is a t;h a lf p a st -’th ree; an d I. know::th a t w ould m ean leaving
.early- b u t I :d0n ‐1 Mriow. w hat else
.....
■ “StopJ’* said .Mrs W orthington. “I quite u n d ersta n d . T hese things
have to be-dealt'w ith, or they only get worse, d o n’t they? Get it sorted

but, a s quickly as possible.”

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'• “T hank you, M rs W orthington.”

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“Do you th in k you can w ork this m orning, Ju lie? If you c a n ’t, tell me
and w ell find a solution. If you can, ju s t finish those reports a s quickly
as you can an d th en go home. Have you taken anything for it, by th e
way?”
“No, I h av en’t. I th in k Vd better wait as the d en tist will probably have
to give me an an aesthetic and you have to be a bit careful, d o n ’t you?
But, yes. I can definitely stay and finish the reports. It’s not th a t b ad .”
“Well, it looks bad enough. I do appreciate it, Julie. I really do.”

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As Ju lie re tu rn ed to h er desk, she w ondered if she h a d n ’t m isjudged
Mrs W orthington. “I couldn’t have asked for a m ore u n d ersta n d in g person to work for - this m orning, at least,” she said to herself, an d
smiled, despite the pain.

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1. Julie know s th a t Mrs W orthington _____
A. th in ks all of h e r staff are lazy and bad a t th eir work.
B. is only in a good mood for a few m in utes each day.
c . th in k s th a t Ju lie is not hard-w orking enough.
D. w ants Julie to p u t her work before everything else.

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2. W hen Ju lie says “T h at’s ju s t w hat I need” (paragraph 3), s h e _____
A. m eans the opposite of w hat she says.
B. is being optim istic ab o u t the situation.
c . is trying to pretend she is okay.
D. suggests she h a s found a solution.

Mrs W orthington d o esn ’t look at Julie because she is b u s y _____
A. drinking a cup of coffee.

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3. Julie expects Mrs W orthington to respond b y _____
A. suggesting Ju lie sees a doctor instead.
B. allowing Ju lie to leave work early,
c . criticising Ju lie for being selfish.
D. telling Ju lie to stop complaining.

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6 . Mrs W orthington ask s Ju lie w hether s h e _____
A. can thin k of a solution to the problem.
B. h a s taken an y m edicine for th e pain,
c . .has already finished typing the reports.
D. can tell h e r w hat work h a s to be done.

TP

Mrs W orthington in terru p ts Ju lie to _____
A. give h er perm ission to see the dentist.
B. tell h er to leave the building immediately,
c . express h er displeasure a t w hat she said.
D. find out some m ore inform ation from her. -

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B. talking to Mr Price,
c. typing som e reports.
D. looking a t som e docum ents.

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7. W hen Ju lie leaves Mrs W orthington's office, s h e _____
A. feels th a t she h a d n ’t m isjudged Mrs W orthington after all.
B. w onders why sh e’d m isjudged Mrs W orthington so badly,
c. recognises some goốñ qualities'in Mrs W orthington.
D. w ishes Mrs W orthington had been more u nderstanding.

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- a change of mood sự thay ñổi tâm
trạng
- tough (adj) gay go, khồ khăn, gian nan
- annoyance sự bực mình
- urgent (adj) khẩn cấp.
- intensity cường ñộ
- displeasure sự không hài lòng

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- then so be it thì cũng ñành vậy/ ñành
phải như thế thôi
- swollen (adj) sưng vù lên
- to get sth sorted out giải quyẽt ổn
thỏa việc gỉ
- anaesthetic thuốc mê
- to misjudge ñánh giá sai, phán xét sai

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The plane circled a n d the pilot pointed down into the A ustralian desert below. “T hat's the runw ay th ere,” he said, “next to the store.”
Nancy looked. There w as a strip of level ground next to a few wooden
buildings. It looked sm all and u n im p o rtan t in th e middle of the empty
stretch es of red earth a n d sm all b u sh es th a t stretched a s far as the eye
could see, b u t Nancy knew th a t it was a vital link to th e outside world
for the farm ers in the area. As she looked, a figure appeared a t the door
of one of the buildings and waved u p a t them . The pilot tu rn ed the
plane expertly an d they soon to.uched down on the line of h ard sand.
They cam e to a stop by the largest building and Nancy stepped out. A
wom an of perh ap s forty held o ut h er hand.
“Hi. Welcome to C arter’s Cross. I’m Shelley.” Nancy looked at her.
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• She w as not u nattractive, although long h o u r s in Ị h é .s u n were beginn in g . t o ' ta k e : th eir toll: an d she h ad a n u m b er of.vime&^ind wrinkles.
; Nancy w as surprised; tọ- see th á t her clothes were quite, fashionable, de~
• spite á bit of d u s t.• Soộiething in N ancy’s expression m u St have com m unicated itself to Shelley because she laughed an d said, “We’re not
quite as backw ard a s you m ight think. This is th e 2 1 st century. Come
on into the store.”

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They w ent inside while th e pilot checked his plane. The store w as
well stocked w ith fanning equipm ent, tinned food an d clothes. An old
m an w as cleaning the counter. He looked up w hen they entered an d
then carried on w ith his ta sk w ithout catching .Nancy's eye. “Now, come
on, D ad,” Shelley said. “We all know how you feel ab o u t them finding
oil outside C arter’s Cross, b u t th a t’s no reaso n to be rude. This is
Nancy Edw ards, from the university.” She tu rn e d to Nancy. “He’s stu ck
in his ways. T hinks it’ll m ean the end of farm ing ro u n d here. Not su ch

a bad thing, if you ask m e.”

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“Well, nobody did ask you.” It was the old m an. “My granddad
farm ed th is land, a n d so will my grandson.' I'm n o t having th is land
turn ed into a great big ugly oil refinery.” He looked a t Nancy. “And I
w on’t be bought off, eith er.”

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Nancy h ad heard from h er colleagues th a t th is kind of resistan ce
ju s t disappeared w hen people realised quite w hat the find w as w orth
and they happily packed up a n d headed for th e com forts of th e n ea rest
city. She hoped this tim e would be no exception.

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“I’m here to a sse ss th e environm ental im pact, Mr W illiam son,”
Nancy said. “I have no intention of building any th ing.” The old m an
looked a t h er and th e n walked to the door. He pointed out a t th e land.

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“Environm ental im pact?” He shook his head. “W hat environm ent?
It’s a baking desert a n d a person's got to work h a rd to m ake a living off
sheep in a land like this. You a re n ’t going to find any endangered species out there, and so you 11 go back and write your rep ort and the oil
com panies will move in. B ut there's one thing th a t 1 bet you d o n ’t m en tion in y our report. The village.” He looked o u t into the su n again.
Nancy w as a little confused. There had been no m ention of a village in
any of the inform ation she had read. “W hat village?” she asked.

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“There are ten farm s th a t rely on th is store. Together, they cover an
area, of nearly 400 squ are kilom etres. And th ey ’re o u r neighbours. We

. never m iss a birthday, or a wedding, or any o th er event. You’re going to
destroy our. village.” Nancy could th in k of nothing to say. Shelley
shrugged her shoulders. Nancy w andered back to th e plane to get h er
equipm ent.
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1. The buildings Nancy sees from the plane a r e _____
A. sm aller th a n she expected.
B. very im portant to the local people,
c . left em pty m ost of th e time.
D. used to store farm ing equipm ent.

Shelley laughs w hen she realises th a t N ancy _____
A. w asn ’t expecting her to be w earing new clothes.
B. d id n ’t know th a t there would be so m uch dust. •
c . is usin g strange expressions.
D. w ants to be invited into the building.

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2. The p hrase “take their toll” in paragraph 2 m eans t h a t _____
A. the su n h as improved Shelley’s appearance.
B. Shelley enjoys spending time in the sun.
c . Nancy and Shelley both find the su n too hot.
D. the su n h a s dam aged Shelley’s skin.

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4. The m an ignores Nancy a t first because he doesn’t _____

A. like m eeting new people.
B. approve of w hat is happening,
c . see h er behind Shelley.
D. w ant h e r to see how u p set he is.

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5. Nancy hopes th a t the old m an will change his m ind w h e n _____
A. he lea m s how comfortable the city is.
B. he sees there is no point hiding his tru e feelings,
c. he is offered enough m oney .
D. she explains how im portant the find is.

HÓ

6 . Mr W illiamson believes t h a t _____

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A. Nancy h a s no intention of doing h er job properly.
B. the discovery of oil th reaten s the local wildlife.
c . the oil com panies will ignore w hat Nancy tells them .
D. there is no wildlife w orth saving in the area.
7. Nancy doesn’t u n d ersta n d Mr W illiamson’s reference to “the village”
b e c a u s e _____
A. it covers a large area an d is never m arked on m aps.
B. the oil com pany d id n’t give her all the relevant inform ation,
c . h e ’s talking ab o u t relationships an d not a physical place.
D. it’s a long way from w here they are.
GLOSSARY

-

to circle (chim/ máy bay) lượn vòng
quanh

- farming equipment nông cụ
- tinned food thực phẩm ñong hộp
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He's stuck in his ways :thói quen/ quan ñierrí cùa mình
. to farm canh tác
- to stretch as fa r as th e eye can see
~ oií-refinery nhà máy lọc dầu
to be bought off bị mua chuộc bằng
trải dài ñến hết tầm mắt
- a vital link to sth mộtìiên kết quan
. tiền, chịu nhận tiền bồi thường
resistance sự "kháng cự/ phản ñối
trọng với
- expertly (añv) một cách khéo léo
- find món phát hiện
- to touch down (máy bay) ñáp xuống .
to head for a place nhắm hướng nào
- unattractive (adj) không xinh ñẹp,
ñể ñi ñến
không quyến rũ
to assess ñánh giá
- to take its toll làm hại ñến, có tác
- environmental impact tác ñộng ñến
ñộng xấu ñến

môi trường
- lines and wrinkles nếp nhăn trên da
baking desert sa mạc nóng như thiêu
- backward (adj) ìạc hậu
ñốt
to make a living off sth kiếm sống
- to be well stocked with sth dự trữ
ñầy ñù, có sẵn rất' nhiều hàng hóa
nhờ vào cái gì
to shrug ones shoulders nhún vai

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- a strip of level ground một dải-ñất
bằng phang '
. y-- - stretch vùng (ñất/nước) .trải rộng

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W hether you call it a “gap year”, a. “year o u t”' or a “y ear ofF, the decision to delay going to university for a year after leaving school is a diffif cult, b u t im portant, one.

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Becky Roberts, now studying history a t the University of Warwick,
doesn’t regret h er decision to take a year off. “I’d worked so h ard for my
A levels,” she says. “I knew it would do me good to do som ething totally
u n related to studying before em barking on a three-year degree course.
My y ear off w orking for my d a d ’s com pany w a sn ’t a holiday by any
m eans, b u t it w as a break from the world of education, an d th a t’s ju s t
w hat I needed.”

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Carl Sanchez agrees. Now halfway through a biology degree a t Car- •
diff University, Carl spent m uch of his gap year travelling. “I w orked for
about three m onths to save up enough money, th en w ent to stay w ith
some friends who live in France. I ended u p travelling ro u n d m ost of
Europe, an d even got over to R ussia for a few w eeks, which w as fa n tastic.” Both Becky and C arl enjoyed their year off, b u t do they feel it’s
benefited them in term s of th eir university life now? “Definitely,” says
Carl. “W hen I left school, I w as a norm al, fairly irresponsible eighteen
year-old. I h a d n ’t been anyw here, I h a d n ’t done anything. A y ear later,
when I w ent to university, I felt m uch more like an ad u lt th a n a child.”

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“I know a few people at Warwick who took a year off,” says Becky.
“Generally, we’re m ore dedicated to our stu dies th a n those stu d e n ts
who cam e straig h t from school. We’ve got different priorities. We w an t
to have fun, of course, b u t we realise w e’re here to get ou r degrees. I

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d o n ’t think som e of the others have quite realised why th ey ’re ạ t u n iversity yet.”
There are draw backs to taking a gap year, thought Penny C artw right
w ent straig h t from school to study m edicine a t Im perial College, London. “I th o u g h t ab o u t taking a gap year b u t decided ag ain st it and
do n’t regret the decision for a m inute. Becoming a doctor tak es such a
long tim e - I’ll be ab out 26 years old before I can s ta rt earning any
m oney - th a t the sooner you start, th e better, in my opinion. It m ight
be fun, b u t it’s really ju s t a w asted year in term s of career developm ent.”

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T here’s also the financial consideration. If you do. decide to take a
year off, an d you d o n ’t w ant to work the whole time as Becky did, you
have to be able to pay for it. S usan Jen k in s, a C areers Officer, points
out th a t p aren ts are now less likely to fund th eir child’s year off.
“Twenty y ears ago, it was fairly comm on for p are n ts to say to their son
or daughter, “H ere’s two th o u san d pounds, go an d have fun abroad for
a few m o n th s.” Nowadays, because p aren ts have to pay so m uch more
for their child’s edu cation while they're a t university, they ju s t c a n ’t afford to pay for th is extra year too.”

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•One option, of course, is to do w hat Carl did: work for a few m o nths
in order to save u p for a trip abroad. Another option is to find casu al

work while travelling abroad. “There are now a lot of books an d websites with loads of inform ation for people who w an t to do th is,” says
S usan. “It’s a great way to see the world, gain experience, an d get
money for living expenses all a t th e sam e time. B ut d o n ’t expect to earn
enough to save any m oney.”

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So, should you take a gap year? The answ er is: it depends. If you
w ant a b reak from books an d essays, then it’s probably a good idea a s long a s you, or your parents, can afford it an d a s long a s you ’re going to do som ething w orthwhile during your tim e off. Sitting a t hom e
w atching TV d oesn’t count! If you w ant to get your degree an d s ta rt
regular em ploym ent a s quickly as possible, a gap year m ay not be so
sensible.

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1. Becky took a year off because s h e _____
. A. needed to see w h at working for her father w as like.
B. felt she needed a long holiday before university.
c . h ad done so well in h er A level exam s at school.
D. w anted to do som ething different for a while.

2.

Carl says th a t a year off helped h im _____
A. learn the im portance of saving money.
B. becom e m ore m atu re and experienced.
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c , m ake friends in m any different countries.
D. become m ore knowledgeable ab o u t geography.

6 . S u san issu es a w arning a b o u t _____

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A. inform ation from books and w ebsites.
B. low wages for casual work abroad.
c. paying for everyday expenses abroad.
D. the difficulty of finding casu al work.

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5. In the p ast, p aren ts were m ore likely t o _____
A. pay for th eir child’s education a t university.
B. encourage th eir child to go straight to university,
c. force th eir child to tak e a year off before university.
D. give th eir child m oney to help w ith th eir year off.

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4. According to Penny, a year o ff_____
A. should be taken when you’re abo ut 26 y ears old.
B. is better once y o u ’ve actually started your course,
c . m erely delays the tim e w hen you can get a job.
D. can be enjoyable and useful for yo ur futu re work.

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3. According to Becky, stu d e n ts who d id n ’t take a year o ff.
A. are less hard-w orking th a n those who did.
B. probably w on’t en d u p w ith a degree,
c . d o n ’t w an t to have fun a t university.
D. are less intelligent th a n those who did.

HÓ

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7. This article would probably NOT a p p ear in
A. a textbook for university stud en ts.
B. a handbook for school-leavers,
c. a m agazine for young people.
D. the education section of a new spaper.

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GLOSSASRY

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- a gap year một năm tạm nghỉ học (ñể
ñi du lịch)- A levels chương trình dự bị ñại học (hai
năm cuối trung học, chuẩn bị cho học
sinh vào thằng các trường ñại học ở
Anh)
- to do sb good có lợi cho ai
- to embark on sth bắt tay vào làm gi
- a three-year degree course khóa học
kéo dài 3 năm ñua ñến bằng cử nhân
- n o t... by any means hoàn toàn không
chút nào
- a break thời gian nghỉ xà hởi

- to end up doing sth rốt cuộc (phải)

làm gi
- to beneíỉỉ sb có ]Ợi cho ai
- in terms of xét về mặt
- to be dedicated to sth chuyên tâm,
chuyên cần, dồn hết tâm trí vào
- drawback ñiều bất tiện
- a Careers Officer nhân viên tư vấn
.hướng nghiệp
- to fund tài trợ, chu cấp
- casual work việc làm thời vụ
- worthwhile (adj) có ích

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81

.Q
UY

NH
ƠN

W hen they first saw the dog, they w eren’t sure, in fact, th a t it was a
dog. A sm all pile of ru b b ish by the side of the litter bin began to move.
Verity and Sally, walking p a st on their way to th e beach, bo th jum ped
back, expecting a ra t to emerge from the litter. W hat they saw instead
w as the back end of a sm all brown dog, which seem ed to be connected
to a plastic bag. They both let out shrieks of delight.

TR

ẦN

HƯ
NG

ĐẠ
O

TP

“Oh, it’s a puppy!” cried Verity, and ben t down to release the dog’s
head from the plastic bag. The dog looked up a t them w ith k etch u p on
its face. Now th a t they could see the whole anim al, it w as clear th a t it
was not quite a s young as Verity had th oug ht a t first sight. It carried
one o r two scars of life on the streets - it h ad a cu t below one eye and
one ear seem ed to be perm anently a t an angle - b u t on the whole it was
not in bad health for a stray dog. Its coat was shiny an d you co u ld n ’t
see its ribs u n d er the skin, like you could with m any dogs in a sim ilar
position. Ju dging by the litter bin, visitors to the beach were a good
source of chips, hot dogs and ham burgers w ithout knowing it. The dog

sat, looking u p a t the girls with its tongue hanging o ut as it panted.

CẤ

P2

+3

10

00

B

“Come o n ,” said. Verity. “Let’s take him down to the beach!” Sally
hesitated a m om ent before agreeing. She could see where it w as leading. Her father always told h er to walk away from a stray anim al because th ere w as a danger you would w ant to keep it. Then it would be
h ard er when you actually did have to waik away. However, she could n’t
deny th a t the dog w as cute, so she w as pleased when it trotted along
behind them on the way to the beach.

BỒ

ID

ƯỠ

NG

TO
ÁN

-L

Í-

HÓ

A

They spread th eir towels on the beach a n d got suncream ou t of their
bags. W hen they tu rn e d round, the dog h a d settled on one of the towels
a s if he owned the place. He seem ed glad of the opportunity to re st and
Verity could im agine the co n stan t battle he faced each day to survive.
Apart from the search for food and shelter, which p erh ap s were less of
a problem here th a n they would have been in the city centre, there was
the com petition from other dogs. This dog m u st be p retty sm art, she
decided, to survive against the others b ecause he certainly w ouldn’t
win too m any fights, even if his injuries showed th a t he d id n ’t give up
easily.
They sp en t the day lazing in the sun, swim m ing an d playing beach
tennis. The dog joined in after resting for a while. To the casual observer, it would have looked like two girls and their dog playing together. Sally knew, however; th a t th a t w a sn ’t the case an d she was
dreading the m om ent w hen they would have to leave. Eventually, the
su n began to set and it got cooler. Verity stared a t th e sun, a s if willing
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.Q
UY

it to stay in 0e>,sky;for"sm other^houE^Sịhe;iạvoỉded looking a t Sally and
"didn’t 5eem /to.:^ t 3!ce$M 0 ^ ^ i ^
Verity stroked th e dog,
• which;. w;as lỵixig,on th é ^ ọ ^ â .n e x tto ỉ:ầ ^ :^ a n ỵ ^ k n e w ' th a t .they co uld n’t
p u t it off an y lọngẹi:-.. i': /
• •!-•.
•:;■•■■■■■
“It’s probably '/itime we. were - getting .back,” she said a t last. Verity
tu rn ed .round .and ;Sally;^saw te a rs -m ạ iỉìặ g . down h e r face. The dog
looked from one'.of them to .th e other arid .waited.

NH
ƠN

WWW.DAYKEMQUYNHON.UCOZ.COM

HƯ
NG

ĐẠ
O

TP

Verity arid Sally's -first reaction is:' •

A. am u sem en t a t the dog’s appearance.
B. worry: ab o u t th e’ dog’s condition.
c . fright a t w hat m ight be u n d e r the rubbish.
D. curiosity a t the dog’s behaviour.

TR

ẦN

2. The dog seem s to b e _____
A. in good condition despite its injuries.
B. in a worse state th a n m ost stray dogs,
c . ra th e r overweight for its size.
D. in u rgent need of m edical attention.

It seem s th a t people who go to this b e a c h _____
A. enjoy feeding the stray dogs.
B. are careless with th e ừ rubbish,
c . throw a lot of food away.
D. d o n ’t know they are harm ing the dogs.

4.

Sally d o esn’t im m ediately agree to take the dog to th e beach b ecause _____
A. they d o n ’t have a lead to p u t on the dog to control it.
B. h er father stops h e r from doing w hat she w an ts to do.
c . she th in k s the dog m ight be dangerous, in spite of his ap p ea rance.
D. she d o esn ’t w ant to form a relationship w ith th e dog.

-L

Í-

HÓ

A

CẤ

P2

+3

10

00

B

3.

NG

TO
ÁN

5. Verity th in k s th a t the d o g _____
A. needs th eir help to avoid th e other dogs.
B. is a cow ard w hen it com es to fighting other dogs,
c . is m ore attractive th a n the other dogs.

D. u ses his brains to b eat the o ther dogs.

ƯỠ

6 . The girls d o n ’t w ant to leave the beach b e c a u s e _____
they th in k the dog will be attacked.
they w ant to su n b ath e for an o th er hour,
they w ant people to th in k it’s their ñog.
they are trying to delay leaving the dog.

BỒ

ID

A.
B.
c.
D.

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Sally feels uncom fortable b e c a u s e _____
A. she an d Verity have argued abo ut.the dog.
B. she th in k s th a t someone is w atching them ,
c. she knows th a t leaving the dog will be hard.

D. she w ants to get rid of the dòg w ithout Verity knowing.

.Q
UY

7.

WWW.FACEBOOK.COM/DAYKEM.QUYNHON

GLOSSASRY

TP

ĐẠ
O

HƯ
NG

ẦN

-

TR

-

a pile of rubbish một ñống rác
- shiny bóng láng
litter bin thùng rác

- rỉb xương sườn
to emerge from chui ra từ, xuất hiện
- chips khoai tây rán
shrieks of delight tiếng reo mừng
- hot dog bánh mì kẹp xúc xích
puppy con chó con
- to. pant thở hổn hển
to release sth from sth tháo gỡ cái gì “ cute (adj) dễ thương
- suncream kem chống nắng
ra khỏi
ketchup nưốc xốt cà chua
"r- to ỉaze nghi ngơi thư giãn
at first sight mới thoạt nhìn
- to the casual observer ñối với người
scar vết sẹo
ngoài cuộc
to be at an angle nghiêng một bên,
- to stroke vuốt ve
không ngay ngắn
- lead dây dẫn chó
a stray dog con chó ñi ỉạc/ vô chủ
- coward kẻ hèn nhát.

B

-

NH
ƠN

WWW.DAYKEMQUYNHON.UCOZ.COM

10

00

82

HÓ

A

CẤ

P2

+3

W hen C arrie joined the school’s debating team ,’ she h a d n ’t considered the fact th a t she would have to speak confidently and clearly in
front of an audience of strangers. She’d merely gone down the list of
possible T hursday afternoon activities, crossing off first the ones which
she liked the least. W hen there was one activity left on the list - the
Debating Club - she thou ght to herself, “Well, a t least it’s indoors.” She
p u t a tick next to it an d thoug ht no more ab out it.

TO
ÁN

-L

Í-

The reality of w hat m em bership actually involved s u n k in the following Thursday. “This year, w ell be com peting w ith schools in the local
area,” said Miss Forbes. “The first debate is next S aturday evening at
D aversham College. W ell need two speakers, and the topic is capital
punishm ent. We halve to argue in favour of it. Any volunteers?”

BỒ

ID

ƯỠ

NG

There w as silence in the room. “Nobody?” said Miss Forbes. “Well, in
th a t case i l l decide w ho’s going to speak. Alison, will you do the m ain,
five-m inute speech, and Carrie, can you do the tw o-m inute sum m ing
up at the end?”
Although Miss Forbes h ad ph rased it as a question, it was not the
kind of school where you could say no to a teacher. “Yes, Miss Forbes,”
said Carrie weakly.
Miss Forbes explained to Carrie exactly w hat she would have to do.
“The actu al sum m ing up of ou r m ain argum ents should be the last
195

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.Q
UY

thirty seconds or so of your speech. That, b it’s easy , an d can be w ritten
in advance. D iscuss with AĨỊèon w hat the m ain points s h e ’s m aking
are. F or the first in in u te a n d a háứỵ though^you have to respond to the
points m ade by th e opposition, a n d explain, why th ey ’re wrong. I w on’t
lie to you, it’s n o t;ẹasýf'ỵốu .have to listen,very, veiy carefully to w hat
they say in th e ir'm a in speech, m ake notes a s you listen, and come up
with reasons why those points are wrong.”

NH
ƠN

WWW.DAYKEMQUYNHON.UCOZ.COM

HƯ
NG

ĐẠ
O

TP

Carrie w as terrified. S he’d never done anything like th is before in
her life, an d w as sure she would m ake a fool of herself. W hat if she
couldn’t think of anything to say? A m inute a n d a h alf is a lifetime

when you’re standing in front of a m icrophone an d everyone’s looking
at you. Still, a t least none of her friends would be th ere to see h er m ess
up. “T hank goodness it’s not a t o u r school,” she thought.

TR

ẦN

The debate a t D aver sham College w as held in the Main Hall. The
whole school w as present. The rows of unknow n faces seem ed to Carrie
to be waiting for h er to fail. Her h e art had never beaten so fast, an d a s
she walked across the room with Alison an d Miss Forbes, h e r h a n d s
were shaking so m uch she could hardly hold th e pen an d p ap er she
was carrying.

HÓ

A

CẤ

P2

+3

10

00

B

Alison opened the debate. Although she had w ritten her speech out
in full, she rarely glanced a t the papers in front of her. “She m u st have
learnt it by h e a rt,” th o ug h t Carrie admiringly. Alison m ade som e forceful argum ents, h er points were clear, her tim ing w as excellent, and
there was th u n d ero u s ap plause a s she sat down. Carrie ju s t h a d time
to w hisper, “Well done, Ali. Great job!” before th e m ain speaker of the
opposing team stood up. “Come on, Clare Dalton of D aversham College,” th o u g ht Carrie. “Say som ething ridiculous th a t I can easily argue
against.”

NG

TO
ÁN

-L

Í-

For the first thirty seconds of C lare’s speech, Carrie co u ld n ’t find
any points to disagree with. She stared a t h er blank piece of paper, and
dreaded w hat would happen if it rem ained blank for the whole five
m inutes. Suddenly she found herself thinking, “W ait a m inute. W hat
sh e’s ju s t said d oesn ’t m ake sense. Does it? No, it doesn’t!” As quickly
as she could, she wrote down Clare’s exact w ords, an d m ade a note
next to them a s to why her point w as illogical. “One or two m ore like
th a t,” th o u gh t Carrie, “and I’ll be able to m ake a speech after all.”

BỒ

ID

ƯỠ

1. Carrie had chosen to join the Debating Club because it w a s _____
A. at the bottom of th e list of possible activities.
B. the only activity which d id n ’t take place outdoors.
c. the activity on the list she disliked least of all.
D. a chance to give speeches in front of strangers.

196

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NH
ƠN

2. The following Thursday, Carrie realised, for th e first tim e t h a t ____
A. she would actually have to speak in public.
B. she d id n ’t believe in capital p u nishm ent at all.
c . Miss Forbes would always decide the speakers.
D. she w as allowed to volunteer to be a speaker.

.Q

UY

3. Miss Forbes told Carrie, th a t C arrie’s m ain responsibility would be

t o _____ :

ĐẠ
O

TP

A. help Alison come up with a list of points to make.
B. write Alison’s speech for h er before the debate.
c . answ er th e opposition’s questions during the debate.
D. disagree w ith argu m en ts m ade by the opposing team :

Carrie w as glad the debate h ad been arranged a t ano th er school
because
A. she would be able to use a m icrophone there.
B. h er friends w ouldn’t be able to see h er fail,
c. th e atm osphere w ould help h er succeed.
D. she h ad never taken p art in a debate there.

5.

In the Main Hall before the debate, Carrie felt th a t everyone in the
room 1
A. co.uld h e a r h er h eart beating.
B. w as looking a t h er h a n d s shaking,
c. expected h e r to do badly.

D. knew she would drop h er things.

P2

+3

10

00

B

TR

ẦN

HƯ
NG

4.

CẤ

6 . Carrie was particularly im pressed th a t A lison_____

Í-

HÓ

A

A. h ad w ritten h er speech on several pieces of paper.
B. had. m ade so m any clear, forceful argum ents,
c. d id n ’t look a t the papers in front of h er a t all.
D. h ad m em orised h er speech before th e debate.

NG

TO
ÁN

-L

7. During C lare’s speech, Carrie w as surprised th a t s h e ______
A. h ad found a point to m ake in her own speech.
B. w as able to rem em ber Clare’s exact words.
c . had time to m ake a note next to C lare’s words.
D. could m ake notes on the piece of paper so quickly.

BỒ

ID

ƯỠ

GLOSSASRY

- debating team ñội tranh iuận
- to cross sth off gạch bỏ cái gì (trên 1
danh sách)

- Debating Club câu Lạc Bộ Tranh Luận
- a tick dấu tick
- membership sự trờ thành hội viên/ tư
cách hội viên

- to phrase diễn ñạt bằng từ ngữ
- argument lí lẽ
- the opposition ñối thủ
- to make a fool of oneself biến mình
thành kẻ ngốc nghếch
- to mess sth up íàm hòng bét cái gì
- admiringly (adv) tỏ vẻ thán phục/ hâm
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- to sink’in hiện rõ: ỳ nghĩa'trong* ñề lí ai/
khịếri àỊ thấm ttiỉá ý nghia'.V-

mộ
^.
~ forceful (adjýmạnh rriể

- to argue in favour of sth ñưa ra lí- lẽ
ñể ung hộ cầi gì'
•

r opposing team ñội ñối thủ
- illogical (adj) phi Iồ-gích> không hợp lí

' . •-■- timinạ sự ñịnh gid'

.Q
UY

83

NH
ƠN

- capital punishment áa tử tìinh

HƯ
NG

ĐẠ
O

TP

Terry stood on deck a s the ferry slowly arrived a t the island. He
w atched the sailors throw ropes to their colleagues on shore a n d theti
looked up a t th e villages of sm all white ho uses th a t dotted the m o u ntainside above the sm all town. He was p lannin g a six-m onth stay,

m uch longer th a n the few days or weeks th a t the noisy crowds of to u rists aro u n d him were planning. He had given him self th a t long to write
a novel and he was determ ined to succeed, whatever the tem ptation s to
enjoy him self m ight be. Leaving his life behind was ju s t the thing he
needed, he thought, and th e island seemed to him to be th e ideal place
for it. He collected his things an d m ade his way onto the concrete quay.

CẤ

P2

+3

10

00

B

TR

ẦN

He w as im mediately su rro und ed by local people, all rudely push ing
each other o ut of the way to offer him a room th a t w as gu aran teed to
be “the cheapest in town”, although he knew th a t they cou ld n’t all be
th e cheapest. Terry politely shook his head and peered aro u n d for the
Paradise Hotel and one “Mrs Magda”. She had sounded quite intim idating on the phone, so w hen a young woman approached him a n d quietly
asked in perfect English if he w as Terry Snow, he w a sn ’t su re how to
respond. The wom an smiled and said: “Perhaps you were expecting my
m other? I hope you are not disappointed.”

HÓ

A

,“N ... No, no. Not a t all,” stam m ered Terry. She picked u p one of his
bags and they set off into the sm all town. She asked him ab o u t his stay
and he told her th a t his plan was to stay a week a t the hotel while he
found more p erm an en t accomm odation.

NG

TO
ÁN

-L

Í-

“Six m o nths is a long time to be on the island,” she said. “You’ll find
it different in winter. Once, there was farm ing and fishing on the island
but' th ey ’ve practically disappeared. Tourism is th e only source of in come and so few of the locals fancy sitting an d w atching w inter come
w hen the to u rists leave, Almost all of them have second jo b s on the
m ainland an d the h e a rt h as been ripped ou t of the place.” “And you?”
Terry asked.

BỒ

ID

ƯỠ

“I w ent away to the m ainland for my education. Since I cam e back, I
stay here all year rou nd.” They stopped outside a hotel. It rem inded
Terry of an old wom an who still m anaged to keep a certain air of dignity. It could do w ith a bit of pa in t and one of th e letters in the nam e
was m issing, b u t it m u st have once been one of the m ost im pressive
buildings on the island. Terry began to w onder ab o u t its decline and.
198

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NH
ƠN

w h at caused it b u t realised th a t the young w om an w as w aiting for him
to say som ething.

HƯ
NG

ĐẠ

O

TP

.Q
UY

“I’m sorry,” he said. “W hat did you say?”
“I ask ed you w hat you thought of th e hotel.” She looked a t it. “Since
Dad died, it h a s n ’t been the' same. Mum gets a few of the local m en in
to help ou t every now and then, b u t you never do as good a job when
you’re being paid a s w hen it’s an act of love, do you? And D ad loved
th a t hotel. It w as his gift to his grandchildren, he used to say. Terry
looked at the hotel again. He felt th a t he h ad come som ew here w here
buildings were m uch m ore th an shelter. Each brick held a stoiy ready
to be unlocked an d he felt inspired ju s t by touching them . If he felt like
th a t after such a short time, imagine w hat he m ight achieve in six
m onths.

TR

ẦN

“Well, m aybe I could help ou t a bit, while I’m h ere,” he said, excitedly. The young w om an nodded and said, “Maybe,” before leading the
way into th e cool interior of th e hotel.

+3

10

00

B

1. Terry th in k s the island lo o k s _____
A. like it will be too noisy for him.
B. suitable for w hat he w ants to do.
c . too far from the m ainland for him.
D. so relaxing th a t he will never do any work.

HÓ

A

CẤ

P2

2. Terry rejects the offers of room s b e c a u s e _____
A. he h a s heard th a t it is easy to be cheated.
B. no one à sk s him politely to look at a room,
c . he h a s already booked somewhere.
D. he would ra th e r find a hotel himself.

she w as m uch less attractive th a n he h ad hoped.
h e r English is b etter in real life th a n on the phone,
he w as expecting to m eet som eone different.
he th ought he would have to find the hotel on his own.

TO

ÁN

-L

A.
B.
c.
D.

Í-

3. Terry is surprised w hen th e young w om an speaks to him because

BỒ

ID

ƯỠ

NG

4. The young w om an tells Terry t h a t _____
A. traditional sources of money have becom e less im portant.
B. m ost local people are relieved w hen the to u rists finally go.
c . people com plain ab o u t the effects of tourism on local industry.
D. som etim es tou rists find work and decide to stay longer.
5. It seem s to Terry th a t the h o te l _____
A. h a s never been a n attractive building.
B. h a s had work done on it recently.
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c. m akes a n

im pression on everyone who sees it.
D. u sed to be nicer th a n it is now.

.Q
UY

HƯ
NG

ĐẠ
O

7. Terry is excited by th e idea o f _____
A. finally doing some physical work in stead of ju s t writing.
B. getting ideas for his work from the things aro u n d him.
c. spending six m onths researching the history of the island.
D. building a ho use of his own on th e island one day.

TP

A. h er m o th er ca n no longer afford to pay people to work on the
hotel.
B. nobody in the a rea is willing to do th is sort of work.
c. w orkm en are less careful w hen they d o n ’t own th e building.
D. some people p retend to enjoy the work an d th e n do it badly.

NH
ƠN

6 . The young w om an says th a t one problem is t h a t _____

GLOSSASRY

ẦN

TR

B

00

P2

CẤ

mountainside sườn núi
temptation mối cám dỗ
concrete (adj) bằng xi măng/ bê tông

quay câu tàu
rudely (adv) một cách thô lỗ
to peer nheo mắt nhìn kĩ
to sound nghe tiếng có vẻ
intimidating (adj) khiến ai phải e dè/
sơ hãi

A

-

to sỉammer nói lắp bắp
practically (adv) gần như, hầu như
locals người dânñịa phương
to fancy doing sth thích làm gì
mainland ñất liền
dignity sự/ vẻ ñáng kính
It could do with sth Nó sẽ ñẹp hơn
nếu có ñược...
- to decline xuống cấp, suy giảm
- to inspire gỢi cảm hứng
- interior phía bên'trong

+3

lác ñác tại một nơi

-

10

- ferry chiếc phà
- to dot tạo thành từng ñốm nhỏ/ có mặt

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84

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Ask a hu n d re d com edians w hat the secret of good comedy is, an d
y o u ’re gu aran teed th a t a t least ninetv-nine of them will come u p with
the sam e response: timing. Although th is is undoubtedly tru e, it is not
the com plete answ er, a s w hat exactly good comedy is should, surely,
involve the concept of m aking people laugh. Successful politicians also
have, to have good timing, b u t m ost of them would soon face an em pty
audience if they ever chose to perform a t a comedy club.

BỒ

ID

ƯỠ

So w hat is th e secret of good comedy? There clearly is n ’t one straigh t
answ er, b u t th e re ’s no doubt th a t m uch of m odern B ritish h u m o u r relies on comedy throu gh language, com edians like Charlie C haplin an d
Benny Hill an d present-day ch aracte rs like Mr B ean being p a rt of a different tradition of “slapstick” comedy th a t relies on the physical ra th e r
th a n the verbal.
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The joke is the m ost obvious example of language comedy. With lan guage comedy, how you phrase w hat you’re saying - particularly the
“pun chline”, the final line of a joke th a t draw s the laugh - is m ore impo rtan t th a n w hat y o u’re saying. Take this traditional double-act joke:
First m an: I say, I say, I say. My wife’s gone to the C aribbean.
Second m an: Jam aic a?
,
First m an: No, she w ent of her own accord.
Ignoring the fact th a t it’s not particularly funny to m odem ears (if it
ever w as funny), a t first sight it appears th a t the h u m o u r rests in the
fact th a t “Ja m a ic a ” is confused for “D ’you. m ake her?”, i.e. “Did you
m ake her go to the C aribbean?”. Try puttin g a different final line on the
joke, though. “No, she chose to go.” contains exactly the sam e m eaning
but, well, it’s ju s t not a s funny, is it? It’s all'in the phrasing.
This may be one of the reasons why B ritish h u m o u r do esn ’t tra n s late into other languages very well. W hen one tran slates, one keeps the
m eaning b u t the p hrasing changes, losing the basis of the hum our.
The second secret of comedy to my m ind is characterisation. By this,
I m ean the creation of a character, or characters, by the com edian
through w hich the jokes or stories are told. Comedy is acting and, like
any play, a great script in the wrong h an d s can be a d isaster a n d a te rrible script in an expert’s h an d s can be m ade into som ething quite special.

BỒ

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I rem em ber a s a child w atching the com edian Peter Sellers being in terviewed on the P arkinson show. Michael Parkinson, the studio au d ience, and my p aren ts w atching with me at hom e were crying with
-laughter at everything th a t Sellers did or said. I sat there thinking:
“He’s ju s t waving a handkerchief around. Nobody laug hs w hen 1 do
that. Why are they laughing a t him ?” I now know w hat I d idn’t know
then - th a t he w as a comic genius, and I’m not. And by th at, I m ean
th a t he had the ability to create characters th a t people found genuinely

funny, w hatever they did. He could have sa t there in silence and people
would still have been laughing. And - let’s be clear - even though Sellers w as appearing on a ch a t show supposedly as himself, he was in
character. As anyone w ho’s read the biography of Peter Sellers by Roger
Lewis knows, Sellers off-stage w as an incredibly violent an d difficult
m an.
So is it possible to learn to be a com edian, or is it ju s t a n a tu ra l talent? There m ay well be people who will never, ever succeed at being
professional com edians however h ard they try. Very few of u s will ever
be an E instein, Mozart or Shakespeare in our respective fields. However, all com edians will tell you th a t the m ore experience you get, the
more experienced, and therefore th e better, you become. And they’re
not joking.
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ẹ L r e - ư ^ d : ‘Ị o . : f a , ắ n g l e m p t ỳ 'R ụ ặ ỉe n c e s : Í

NH
ƠN

1. In th e first;paragrapfcL,. the. w riter suggests th a t p o litic ia n s_____
• Ạ. ofíèrỊ'ổtÌẹmịi^ hum ọỉur in their ,speeches.

>
.B. a r e , t h e y ; ^ẹ í ụr mỳỊ ị ;
'
' V - ' ' .";:--

•DA;à're'nố;;goọd:^ ^
-V

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2. According to the-'text, “slapstick” com edy
Ậ. does not m ake,u se of language to be funny.
•B: is different to the comedy of Benny Hill.
G. is only, found in m odern B ritish hum our.
D. does no t exist in Britain anym ore.

HƯ
NG

3. The w riter tells th e joke ab o u t Ja m aic a t o _____
A. d em o n strate how m any old jo kes are n o t funny today.
B. explain why m any jo kes need two people to tell them .
c . show how th e a c tu a l words used in a joke are im portant.
D. point o u t th a t some jokes contain confusing p h rases.

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B

TR

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4. W hether a comedy a c t is “a d isaste r” or “som ething quite special”
dep en d s o n _____
A. the quality of the script being performed.
B. th e ability of th e perform er to p erfo rm .'
c . how m uch th e act is like a play.
D. which c h a rac te r tells which joke.

A

CẤ

Peter Sellers w as doing the thing s he w as doing.
nobody w as laughing a t him a t th a t m om ent,
Peter Sellers was a comic genius an d he w a sn ’t.
everyone laughed a t Sellers doing ordinary things.

HÓ

A.

B.
c.
D.

P2

+3

5. W atching the P arkinson show, the w riter did n o t u n d e rsta n d why

TO
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6 . The w riter m entions a book by Roger Lewis t o _____
A. enable people to find out more inform ation ab o u t Peter Sellers.
B. prove th a t he h a d n 't m ade u p the story ab o u t Peter Sellers.
c . m ake it clear th a t Peter Sellers often played u n p le a sa n t ch a ra c ters.
D. em phasize th a t Peter Sellers w as acting d u rin g the c h a t show.

BỒ

ID

ƯỠ

NG

7. In the final parag rap h, the w riter m akes the point t h a t _____
A. none of u s can learn to be good com edians.
B. all co m edians’ skills improve th rou gh practice.
c . it's not w orth trying to become a professional com edian.
D. E instein, Mozart an d S h akespeare w eren’t com edians.

202

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GLOSSASRY

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—

--------

- double-act joke màn tấu hài gồm 2
secret 1) ñiều bí mật 2) bí quyết
diễnviên
comedy hài kich
comedian dien viên.hài
- to do sth of one's own accord tự V

concept quan niệm
làm gì
a straight answer một câu trả lời ñơn - characterisation sự hóa thân thành
giản
nhân vật
- humour óc/tính hài hước
- script kịch bản
“ slapstick comedy loại hài kịch sử dụng - a chat show chương trình tán gẫu trên
ñộng tác chọc cười
TV
- verbal (adj) thuộc/ bằng lời nói
- off-stage khi không diễn trên sân
- punchline câu kết bất ngờ có tác dụng
khấu/ ở ngoài ñời
gây cười cùa màn tấu hài
- respective (adj) tương quan/ riêng cùa
từng người

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85

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New w ords are Invented all the time. I know th at, an d I know it’s inevitable. For my part, and oerhaps th is is because I’m an old m an now,
I tend to th in k weVe got enough words already an d if we only used
them properỉv we w ouldn’t need to come up w ith new ones.

HÓ

A

CẤ

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There is a fairly new word, though, which I h eard for the first time
only a year or two ago. I believe it’s American in origin, which m akes it
all the more surprising th a t I’ve added it to my vocabulary. And, Ĩ m u st
point out, it’s not unwillingly th a t I’ve accepted an d em braced it. I h on estly cannot imagine how I got through eighty-two years of life w ithout
it. Looking back, I can see occasion after occasion where the word
would have been useful, where its existence m ight actually have
changed thin gs for the better, because to define som ething is to u n d erstan d it, an d be able to change it. The word is: nimby.

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For those of you who are still unaw are of th is word, let me explain. A
nimby is a person who does not w ant som ething su ch a s a new b uilding or road built n ea r where they live. It’s not th a t they c a n ’t see the
value of the building project; often they can. They ju s t w ant it built
som ewhere else - som ewhere th a t w on’t distu rb th eir peace an d quiet
a t home. If you have an in terest in language, you may like to know th a t
nim by is an acronym , its letters being formed from the first letters of
the w ords “Not In My Back Yard”.

I have lived in the sam e small village in S ussex (population: 2,500)
for over 30 years. I had always th o u g ht I w as su rro un d ed by
neighbours, friends an d fellow lovers of ru ra l life. Now I have discovered
I am su rro u n d ed - with a few notable exceptions - by nim bys (or “nim ble s”, opinion seem s to be divided on the plural). The village is a t war
with itself, and, unfortunately, the nimbys are winning. A few of u s are
fighting them , though, an d I am confident th a t we shall win eventually.
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ĐẠ
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The w ar is over a proposed new com m unity centre. I see it - a s any
sensible per sop. s h o u l d ; a m uch-needed, addition to th e village. It
w ould be a plậce for the -youth of tile-village -to m eet a t nigh t a n d would,
frankly, help- keep-them.; ỒUÍ o f trouble. It would be a place for p en sion ers like m e to go for a coffee a n d c h a t in the m ornings. It would have
m eeting rooms', a cafe, spo rts facilities, a sm all stage for perform ances,
even a gym. It would create jobs. How could anyone oppose it? B u t of
cou rse for nim bys, th e issu e is n o t th a t th e village d o e sn ’t need a com m unity centre. I th in k I’m right in saying th a t every single one of th em

su p p o rts the con cept in principle. They ju s t d o n ’t w a n t it n ext to th eir
house.

NH
ƠN

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NG

There are four possible sites. This m ean s there are four groups of
nimbys. E ach group w a nts th e centre to be b uilt in one of th e three
sites th a t are n o t n ea r th e ir own houses. While they fight am ongst
them selves, the cen tre is not being built. It could have opened six
m o nth s ago, if th e village h ad un ited an d backed th e proposals. The
money - all £25 0 ,00 0 of it - is sitting in a b an k ac co u nt w aiting to be
spent. Some d o u b t it ever will.

CẤ

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10

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B

For me, th e cam paign goes on an d I have one key stren g th . One of
the proposed sites is alm ost right next door to my house. Am I terrified
th a t th ere will be busloads of people arriving in the m iddle of th e night
an d distu rb in g my sleep? No, I am not. Am I afraid th a t all th e y o u th s
leaving the cen tre w hen it closes will sm ash my window s a n d burgle my
h ouse? No, I am not. Am I worried th a t a com m unity centre next door
will decrease th e value of my ho use? No, I am not. Am I p rou d th a t I
am not an d never will be a nim by? Yes, I am.

-L

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HÓ

A

1. In th e first p arag rap h, the w riter says th a t h e _____
A. recognises the im portance of inventing new words.
B. believes he can stop th e invention of new words.
c . th in k s th e invention of new words is u nn ecessary.
D. is very careful to always use new w ords properly.

ƯỠ

NG

TO
ÁN

2. The word “nim by” is now u sed by the w riter despite the fact t h a t __
A. it originally cam e from th e USA.
B. he w as unwilling a t first to u se it.
c . it would have been more useful in th e past.
D. he c a n 't u n d e rsta n d exactly w hat it m eans.

BỒ

ID

3. The w riter suggests th a t a nimby w ould n’t o p p o se _____
A. w orthw hile co nstructio n in th eir neighbourhood.
B. co nstru ctio n in th eir neighbourhood if it’s quiet.
c . co nstru ctio n in o th er people’s neighbourhoods.
D. any co n stru ctio n th a t ad d s value to th eir life.
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NH
ƠN

4. The w riter h a s re c e n tly _____
A. discovered th a t he h a s new neighbours.
B. le arn t the tru th about his neighbours,
c. realised he is alone in his struggle.
D. become more confident ãbout winning.

ĐẠ
O

TP

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5. The word “frankly” in parag raph five em phasises t h a t _____
A. the centre would solve all the problem s caused by young people.
B. there are very few young people living in the village anyway,
c. m ost people do not believe the centre would be used a t night.
D. young people in the village do som etim es get into trouble at
present.

ẦN

HƯ
NG

6 . The four groups of n im b y s ___ _
A. agree th a t the village doesn’t need a new centre.
B. have agreed where the centre should not be built,
c. disagree ab o u t where the centre should be built.
D. agree th a t one of the four sites is acceptable.

P2

+3

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B

TR

7. The first three questions which the w riter ask s in the final p a ra graph _____
A. dem onstrate how courageous the w riter is.
B. help show u s w hat nim bys are scared of.
c. suggest th a t nim bys som etim es use violence.
D. show th a t th e w riter h a s a very secure house.

CẤ

GLOSSASRY

mới mè)

HÓ

A

- inevitable (adj) tất yếu, không thế
tránh ñược
- to come up with sth nghĩ ra (một ñiều

TO
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- to embrace 1) ôm hôn, ôm choàng ỉấy
2) vồ vập cái gì vì quá thích/ hồ hởi
ñón nhận
- to change things for the better, làm
cho mọi sự trở nên tốt ñẹp hơn
- acronym từ viết tắt thành âm tiết ñọc
ñược

BỒ

ID

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NG

- fellow lover người cùng yêu thích như
mình
- rural life ñời sống nông thôn
- notable (adj) ñáng chú ý
- to be at war with sb ñang có chiến
tranh với ai

- proposed (adj) ñang ñược ñề xuất

- community centre trung tâm sinh
hoạt cộng ñồng
- much-needed (ádj) ñang ñược mong
mỏi
- addition to món bổ sung cho
- frankly (adv) thành thực mà nói
- to keep sb out of trouble giúp ai
tránh ñược rắc rối
- pensioner người lãnh lương hưu
- gym nhà tập thể dụe
- in principle về mặt nguyên tắc
- terrified (adj) sợ hãi
- busloads of những chuyến xe buýt chở
ñầy
- to smash ñập nát
- to burgle a house ăn trộm một ngôi
nhà

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ĐẠ
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Are you preparin g for a big test? If so, you m ay w an t to go play some
b asketball in betw een hitting th e books. Doctors are sta rtin g to find
more and m ore: inform ation th a t suggests a connection betw een exercise an d brain developm ent. Ju d y Cam eron, a scien tist a t Oregon
H ealth an d Science University, studies b rain developm ent. According to
h er research, it seem s th a t exercise can m ake blood vessels, including
those in th e b rain, stronger an d m ore fully developed. Dr. Cam eron
claim s th is allows people who exercise to co n cen trate better. As she
says, “While we already know th a t exercise is good for th e h e a rt, exercise can literally c au se physical ch an g es in th e b ra in .”

NH
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SMART EXERCISE

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The effects of exercise on b rain developm ent can even be seen in b a bies. Babies who do activities th a t require a lot of m ovem ent a n d phy sical activity show g reater b rain developm ent th a n babies who are less
physically active. With babies, even a little m ovem ent can show big re sults. M argaret B arnes, a pediatrician, believes in th e im portance of
exercise. She th in k s th a t m any learning disabilities th a t children have
in elem entary school or high school can be traced bac k to a lack of
m ovem ent as babies- "Babies need m ovem ent th a t stim u la te s th eir five
senses. They need to 'establish a connection between m otion a n d m em ory. In th is way, a s they get older, children will begin to associate
physical activity with higher learning,” says M argaret.
Older people can beef u p th eir b ra in s as well. Cornell University
studied a group of seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine.
Their study showed a sh o rt-term m em oiy increase of u p to 40 p ercent
after exercising ju s t th ree h o u rs a week. The exercise does n o t have to
be very difficult, b u t it does have to increase the h e a rt rate. Also, ju s t
like th e m otion for infants, exercise for older people shou ld involve
some complexity. Learning some new skills or m otions, su c h a s with
yoga or tai-chi, helps to open u p mem ory p a th s in the b rain th a t m ay
not have been u sed for a long time.
For m ost people, any type of physical activity th a t in creases the
h e a rt rate is helpful. The m ain goal is to increase th e b ra in ’s flow of
blood. And y o u r b rain ca n benefit from as little a s two to th ree h o u rs of
exercise a week.

BỒ

ID

ƯỠ

1. W hat is th e m ain idea of th is reading?
A. How to exercise
B. How exercise helps th e brain
c . How to get good scores on a te st
D. How th e brain can change
2. According to th e reading, w hat is the connection betw een exercise
an d brain developm ent?
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NH
ƠN

A. Exercise m akes u s stupid.
B: The b rain need s special m ental exercise.
G. The m ore exercise, th e bigger the brain.
D. Physical exercise helps u s th in k better

3. The m inim um am o u n t of exercise required to gain any benefit is

HƯ
NG

.4. Why is yoga recom m ended for seniors?
A. It is easy on joints.
B. It does not increase the h ea rt rate,
c . It can be done in groups.
D. It includes learning new motions.

ĐẠ
O

TP

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UY

A. th ree h o u rs per week
B. 40 h o u rs p er week
c . th ree h o u rs p er day
D. 40 h o u rs p er m onth

00

B

TR

ẦN

5. W hat type of patients, does a pediatrician probably tre a t?
A. Poor people
B. Children
c . Animals
. D. Old people

10

GLOSSARY

motion sự chuyển ñộng, ñộng tác
to beef up sth tăng cưdng cái gì
senior người cao tuồi, bậc lão thành
short-term memory trí nhớ ngắn hạn
heart rate nhịp tim
infant trẻ sơ sinh
complexity sự/ ñộ phức.tạp
tai-chi thái cực [môn thể dục dưỡng
sinh] •

- flow dòng chảy, dòng lưu thông

BỒ

ID

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- to hit the books bắt tay vào việc học
thật chăm chi
- blood vessel mạch máu .
- paediatrician bác sĩ nhi khoa
- learning disability chứng thiểu năng
- học tập
- to be traced back to có nguồn gõc từ
- to stimulate kích thích
- the five senses năm giác quan

D am ian would never have called him self a bully. A victim of bullying
him self on occasion, if h e ’d th ou g ht for one second th a t h e w as bullying
his classm ates, he would have been devastated. The id ea th a t he b u llied his friends h ad never even entered his head. B ut now he w as hav ing to face up to the fact th a t p erhaps in certain w ays he w as a bully.
It h ad all started in th e m id-m orning break, when- D am ian and a
couple of his friends were discussing w hat to do ab o u t F ran k Rice.
F rank Rice w as a bully and the whole school knew it. The question
was, should they tell a m em ber of staff the next tim e F rank picked on
one of them ? D am ian thought they should. Chris and Will th o u gh t th a t
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they sh o u ld n ’t. As they
something. He’s m aking
There w as silence w hen
know! You should tak e
other people. You’re not

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were arguing, D am ian said: “We’ve got to do
people’s lives a misery. It c a n ’t go on like th is.”
Chris replied: “Well, h e ’s n ot th e only one, you
a look in the m irror, D am ian, before accusing
perfect, yoil know.”

TP

.Q
UY

D am ian w as so shocked, he d id n ’t know how to reply. He d id n ’t
know where to begin. Finally, he m anaged to ask: “W hat on ea rth do
you m ean? You’re not suggesting I’m a bully, are you? How am I like
Frank Rice?”

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Will explained. “No, y o u ’re no t like F rank Rice a t all. C hris d id n ’t
m ean th at. You don't hit people, you d o n ’t w an t to be horrible an d
nasty. You’re usually ju s t trying to be funny, b u t som etim es the thing s
you say do h u rt people. Quite often, in fact.”
“Give me an exam ple,” said Damian.

10

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B

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“Well, tak e yesterday, for exam ple,” said Will, “w hen we were in the
changing room after football. You kept saying how C hris w as su ch a
terrible goalie, you seriously wondered if h e ’d been bribed by the other
team .”
“I w as only joking!” protested Damian. “You know th a t, C hris, d o n ’t
you? I w as only teasing.” “T h at’s exactly the point,” said Will. “You were
teasing Chris. And you do th a t a lot. It's n ot very nice, you know. I
could see th a t Chris was u pset, even if you d id n ’t notice.”

+3

“Were you, C hris?”

CẤ

P2

“Well, I c a n ’t say I enjoyed it, to be honest. And Will’s right. You do
seem to do it a lot.”

-L

Í-

HÓ

A

The bell rang, and they w ent off to class. D am ian found it h ard to
concentrate for the re st of the m orning. The conversation h e ’d h ad with
Will an d C hris kept coming back to h a u n t him. W as he a bully? If he
was, he certainly d id n ’t m ean to be. B ut th ere w as no escap ing 'th e fact
th at two very good friends of his th ou ght th a t his com m ents often h u rt
them .

ƯỠ

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At lunch, D am ian, a s usu al, sat next to C hris an d Will. “Guys, I’ve
been thinking ab o u t w hat we were talking ab o u t earlier an d I th in k
yo u’re right. I ju s t w ant to say th a t I’m really, really sorry. You’re my
best friends, an d I’d never do anything to h u rt you on purpose. I can
see th a t Ĩ do som etim es say things th a t would u p se t you, an d I’m going
to m ake a real effort n ot to do th a t from now on. Still friends?”

ID

“Of course we are, D am ian,” said Chris. “B ut th a n k s.”

BỒ

“No problem ,” said Will.
In the changing room th a t afternoon after football practice, Dam ian,

208

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C hris a n d Will were discussing th e game. Will h ad fallen over the ball
a t one point, a n d D am ian w as ju s t ab o u t to m ake a joke ab o u t it when
he stopped himself. “Am I allowed to say som ething like th a t? ” he
th o u g h t to himself. “We are friends. We’ve got to be able to joke with
each other. Or is it too n asty ?” D am ian decided n o t to say anything on
this occasion, b u t he began to realise th a t keeping his prom ise to. Chris
an d Will w ould n ot be a s easy a s he'd thought.

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TP

1. From th e first paragra p h we learn th a t D am ian h a s _____
A. som etim es been bullied by other people.
B. never th o u g h t ab o u t bullying before.
G. briefly considered bullying his classm ates.
D. only been bullied once in his life.

B

TR

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2. The boys disagree ab o u t w hether
.
A. F rank will bully them again in the future.
B. they sho u ld have told a teach er ab o u t Frank,
c . F ran k is m aking people feel very m iserable.
D. to tell a teach er if F rank bullies them again.

CẤ

P2

+3

10

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3. W hen Chris tells D am ian to "take a look in the m irror”, he m eans
D am ián sho uld
:
A. look a t w h at F ran k h a s done to him.
B. tak e m ore care w ith h is appearance,
c . th in k ab o u t h is own behaviour.
D. rem em ber th a t no one is perfect.

HÓ

A

4. Will’s explanation to D am ian suggests th a t F rank R ic e _____
A. never tries to m ake people laugh.

B. sometimes uses physical violence,

-L

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c . d o esn ’t w a n t to be n asty either.
D. only u se s language to h u r t people.

BỒ

ID

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5. The exam ple from th e previous day th a t Will gives show s t h a t ____
A. Will th in k s it is extrem ely funny w hen D am ian tease s Chris.
B. D am ian only teases C hris an d never m akes jo kes ab o u t Will,
c . D am ian's jo k es ab o u t Chris an d Will can som etim es be cruel.
D. Chris gets more u p se t by D am ian’s com m ents th a n Will does.

6 . D am ian finds it difficult to concentrate in class b ecau se h e _____
A. is angry h is friends have accused him of being a bully.
B. believes he will never be friends w ith C hris a n d Will again.
c . is continually looked a t by Will an d C hris du ring th e lessons.
D. c a n ’t stop thinking ab o u t w hat h e ’s been accu sed of.
209.

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