BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH UNIT 9
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QUỲNH NHƯ
UNIT 9 THE POST OFFICE
GLOSSARY
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QUỲNH NHƯ
Mail and Parcel Service
W.+(+<"(U(-X=&Y(Z-.
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GRAMMAR FOCUS
RELATIVE CLAUSES
da(-&who, whom, which, whose, that.
VQ"-""+e""&
Q"who met me at the airport-""+
QUỲNH NHƯ
VQ"U$"&++.+
Q"whom we saw at the party yesterday.
VQ&(("]+&
Q&(which is in your pocket("
VQ-+=&-e
Qwhich he bought-+=&-
VQ"e$(($(
Q"whose wallet was stolen.
VQ(..$Q<..
Qwhose branches are dead(..$
Subject Object Possessive
For people
Uf $"f$f $
For things, animals
Uf $f $
Thông thường ta có thể dùng that để thay thế cho who, whom hoặc which.
VQ"that met me at the airport-""+
VQ"that we saw at the party yesterday
VQ&(that is in your pocket("
VQthat he bought-+=&-
d Ta cần phân biệt mệnh đề quan hệ làm hai loại : mệnh đề xác đònh (defining relative clause) và
mệnh đề không xác đònh (non-defining relative clause) :
(*) Defining clause : (hoặc Restrictive clause)
- The man who met me at the airport gave me the money.
Mệnh đề who met me at the airport là mệnh đề quan hệ xác đònh vì nó rất cần thiết để đònh
nghóa hoặc giải thích cho tiền vò từ the man. Nếu không có nó, từ the man sẽ rất mơ hồ và ta
không biết người đàn ông đó là ai.
- The book (which / that) you lent me is very interesting.
- The man (whom / that) you met yesterday is coming to my house for dinner.
(*) Non-defining clause : (hoặc Non-restrictive clause)
- Shakespeare, who wrote “Romeo and Juliet”, died in 1616.
Mệnh đề who wrote “Romeo and Juliet” là mệnh đề quan hệ không xác đònh vì nó chỉ bổ túc
thêm nghóa cho tiền vò từ Shakespeare nên dù có bỏ đi mệnh đề này thì nghóa của câu văn vẫn rõ
ràng. Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác đònh thường được ngăn cách bởi dấu phẩy (trước và sau mệnh đề)
và không được dùng that để thay thế cho who, whom hay which.
- My brother Jack, who came here last night, is an engineer.
- That house, which was built a few months ago, doesn’t look modern.
- Vietnam, which lies in Southeast Asia, is rich in coal.
Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác đònh được dùng khi tiền vò từ là tiếng được xác đònh : thường là danh
từ riêng chỉ người hay đòa danh (Mr. Brown, Vietnam…), hoặc danh từ đi với các tính từ chỉ đònh (this,
that…) hay tính từ sở hữu (my, his, her, their…) hoặc do ta tự qui đònh lấy.
-A man, who said he knew my father, asked me for money.
(Có một người mà người đó nói rằng biết ba tôi hỏi xin tiền tôi.)
where, when , why
QUỲNH NHƯ
VQ-((in which I used to live.
Q-((where I used to live.
VZ.+.+on which most people rest.
Z.+.+when most people rest.
VQ"for which you said that.
Q"why you said that.
In9f:which VVV9place:VVwhere
On9f:whichVVV9time:VVwhen
For whichVV9reason:VVwhy
Where và when có thể được dùng để giới thiệu mệnh đề xác đònh và mệnh đề không xác đònh.
- We visited the town where I was born. (defining)
- I bought them at the supermarket, where I met Mrs.Brown. (non-defining)
- I saw the film last year, when I was in Paris. (non-defining)
- I think that was the time when I lost all my money. (defining)
Why thường được dùng trong mệnh đề xác đònh và thường theo sau a reason hay the reason.
- That is the reason why I didn’t come to the party yesterday.
Where, when và why được gọi là trạng từ quan hệ (relative adverbs)
EXERCISE I: Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns :
fQ"]""S
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f]$.&W
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
fQY+&-"
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
,fZh$"Z(&.&(
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
1feh&e$.++
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2fU$"&]-$.&&(+
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3fQ(]h(((+
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5fQ"$.(+4.e$.-
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6fQ(.$.$Q+(-=
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;fQh$"]$((+
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
EXERCISE II : Combine these pairs of sentences using relative pronouns:
fQh(.+e.$((.
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fQh"eh+"&+
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
,
QUỲNH NHƯ
feh&e$(
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,fZh$.Q.h"&(=$
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1fZh4(e($<&<QQ"
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2fQ+h&&(Q&..$($
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3fQh(.eh(-Y
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5f]h"&W+."+<(
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6fQh+eh4&(-+
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;f]h"Y+<($
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EXERCISE III: Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns :
fQ"..h"]."
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fQ(--$.].&&.
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
fQ"$].
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,fQ($<(Z"(
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1fQ$((<((.$<$Q+($((
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2fQ&("$h-+(&<(]."
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
3f]..h((+(U
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5f]("+]$.<"[
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
6f]((+(.$Q+$
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
;f].(].("$"
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
EXERCISE IV: Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns or adverbs.
fU."U.+"
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fZ$"""&&(].&
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
fQY[e$"&&(+
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
,fQZ"$-"(Q..+.=&(
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
1fe-..+].-(+.+
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
2fQ$(6,1Q+(-
1
QUỲNH NHƯ
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
3fQ$..h$"$.e..h((<
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
5fQ.+$+Z-..+
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
6f]$$"W<"
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
;f`+"bQ"$<&O
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
EXERCISE V : Join each pair of sentences, using a relative pronoun.
fZh](.+
VShe’s the one whom I told you about.
f].h(&&(Q++$R$
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
f](Q+"+
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
,f]h"(<&]h-4
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
1fY<((&&(.+]."(.
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2fW+&<"](&]4&.eZ
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3fQ$""]h".4
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5f]$(-&bX-+.+h(
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
6f]Q"&+bZ$<"&+
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;fQ4]h-($+$.
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
fQ$""&((+&&("]
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
fUh-4"&&]+$&(+&
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
fY+<-(.+U&"
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
,fU-h<.<+Q+"-$.
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
EXERCISE VI: Combine each pair of sentences, using a relative pronoun.
fU]$$]"+Z$&&<"(
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
fQ.(<$.]
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
fZ.h4$4$\&(]]h""&+(
$.<
Vgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
2
