Unit 11. National parks

dolphin
crocodile
1

4

butterfly

tiger
2

5

turtle
3

6

panda


Unit 11
NATIONAL PARKS

E. Language Focus


turtle

butterfly

dolphin

panda

tiger

crocodile


Consonants: /t/ and /d/
- Consonants
- /t/ is a voiceless sound
-- /d/ is a voiced sound


1

/t/
topic
contain
plant
worked
2
toxic
Contamination
different
hoped

/d/

difficulty
invader
spend
lived
documentary
dependent
depend
played


[ -ed ] pronounced as:
•/id/ : after the verbs ending with /t/ and /d/
•/ t / : after the verbs ending with voiceless
sounds ( except /t/) [ k, p, s, sh, ch, f]
• / d /: after the verbs ending with voice
sounds (except /d/) [r, l, y…]


1. It’s next to the restaurant on the third floor.
2. They’re on the next counter on your
left, dear.
3. It’s exactly twenty-two minutes to ten.


4. They stayed at home and played
cards with the children.
5. Sidney and I listened to the radio
and studied.
6. Donald and I had a bad cold, so
we decided to stay at home.

last semester

He did not study hard last
semester.
poor
marks

So, he got poor marks.

If he had studied hard last semester,
he would not have got poor marks.


Conditional type 3
→Form:

if clause

Main clause

If + S + had +PII,S + would + have +PII
→Usage: To express the unreal
condition in the past.
→Notes:  would not =wouldn’t
’
ld
u
o

‘w
f
o
d
a
te
s
in
d
e
s
u
‘Could’: can be


 EXAMPLE:

I would have sent you a postcard if I
had
had (have) your address.
________


1. If I had
__________
known (know) that you
were ill last week, I would have gone
to see you.

2. I would have bought a new bicycle if I
________ (have) enough money.
had had


3. If I had had a motorbike, I
______________
would
have gone (go) home immediately.


7. If the rain ____________(stop),
I
had stopped
would have gone for a walk.


had called (call) him,
8. If you _________
he would have come.


Write a sentence with if for each situation.
1. I wasn’t hungry, so I didn’t eat anything.
 If I had…
been hungry, I would have eaten something.
2. The accident happened because the driver in
front stopped so suddenly.
 If the driver in front hadn’t…
stopped so suddenly,

The accident
have
happened
3. I didn’t
knowwould
thatnot
Lam
had
to get up early, so

I didn’t wake him.
 If I had known…
that Lam had to get up early,
I would have woken him


4. I was able to buy the car only because
Hoa lent me the money.
 If Hoa hadn’t lent me the money, I would have
been able to buy the car.

5. Mary was not injured in the crashed
because she was wearing a seat belt.
 If Mary hadn’t worn a seat belt, she would
have been injured in the crashed.

6. I did not get a taxi because I did not have
any money on me.
 If I had had some money on me,
I would have got a taxi.

Use the given information to make conditional
sentences with if.
1. A bull was blocking the road, so we didn’t
arrived on time.
 If a bull hadn’t been blocking the road,
We would have arrived on time

2. I wasn’t working at the restaurant last
night. I didn’t wait on your table.
 If I had been working at the restaurant last
night,
I would have waited on your table.


3. They weren’t paying attention, so they didn’t
see the sign marking their exit from the
highway.
 If they had been paying attention,they would have
seen the sign marking their exit from the highway.
4. Carol didn’t answer the phone because she
was studying.
 If Carol hadn’t been studying,
she would have
answered the phone.
5. The sun was shining, so we went to the beach
yesterday.
 If the sun hadn’t been shining,
we wouldn’t have

gone to the beach yesterday.


• Make 5 sentences using
the conditional type 3.
• Prepare Test Yourself D