Experiencing MIS 8th by m kronenke chapter 05

Chapter 5
Database Processing


“No, Drew, You Don’t Know Anything About
Creating Queries."
• Sales database used to determine which parts to consider for 3D
printing.
• If Addison and Drew depend on Lucas (or IT dept) to produce reports,
they will (a) wait a long time, and (b) probably not get what they want.
• Once they get data, Addison creates queries and reports.
• Relying on own skills gives more freedom and better results.
• Relational database technology not appropriate for 3D parts files or
graphics used for query-by-graphics. MongoDB a better choice.

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Study Questions
Q1: What is the purpose of a database?
Q2: What is a database?
Q3: What is a database management system?
Q4: How do database applications make databases more useful?
Q5: How are data models used for database development?
Q6: How is a data model transformed into a database design?
Q7: What is the users’ role in the development of databases?
Q8: 2025?

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Q1: What Is the Purpose of a Database?
• Organize and keep track of things
• Keep track of multiple themes
• General rule:
 Single theme - store in a spreadsheet
 Multiple themes - use a database
• What's a theme?
– Ex: Student Grades

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A List of Student Grades Presented in a
Spreadsheet – Single Theme

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Student Data Form from a Database

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Q2: What Is a Database?

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Hierarchy of Data Elements

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Components of a Database

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Example of
Relationships
Among Rows

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Sample Metadata (in Access 2003)

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Ethics Guide: Querying Inequality?
• MaryAnn has a data mart.
• Business professional majored in HR, now "expert"
in SQL
• Uses SQL to do her job faster and better
• What are your personal, professional, social
responsibilities?

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Ethics Guide: Querying Inequality? (cont’d)
• Query databases to learn all sorts of patterns and trends.
– Be sure what answers you want before starting query.
• How strongly do you feel about social and personal
responsibility, considering your needs and those of your
family?
• How important is social responsibility posture of an employer

to you? Is that something you want to add to your criteria for
finding a job?

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So What? Not What the Data Says . . .
• Perception based on small sample
– “I called four different sales reps, and they said they
can’t get any prospects to bite.”
• Fact: “Not what the data says."
• Key skill - isolating facts from our perceptions.
– Look objectively at facts and not just perceptions of
facts

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Q3: What Is a Database Management System
(DBMS)?
• Program used to create, process, and administer a
database
• Licensed from vendors such as IBM, Microsoft, Oracle,
and others
– DB2, Access and SQL Server, Oracle Database
– MySQL - open source, license-free for most

applications

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Processing the Database
Four DBMS operations
1. Read
2. Insert
3. Modify
4. Delete data

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Processing the Database
• Structured Query Language - SQL (see-quell)
– International standard
– Used by most popular DBMS
INSERT INTO Student
([Student Number], [Student Name], HW1, HW2,
MidTerm)
VALUES (1000, ‘Franklin, Benjamin’, 90, 95, 100);

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Adding a New Column to a Table (in Access 2013)

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Administering the Database
• Set up security system involving user accounts,
passwords, permissions, and limits for processing
• Limit user permissions in very specific ways
• Backing up database data, adding structures to
improve performance of database applications,
removing unwanted data

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Summary of Database Administration Tasks

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Summary of Database Administration Tasks
(cont'd)

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Q4: How Do Database Applications Make
Databases More Useful?
Forms
Queries
Reports
Application programs

View data; insert new, update existing, and
delete existing data.
Search based upon data values provided by
the user.
Structured presentation of data using sorting,
grouping, Filtering, and other operations.
Provide security, data consistency, and
special purpose processing, e.g., handle
out-of-stock situations.

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Q4: How Do Database Applications Make
Databases More Useful? (cont'd)

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Example of a Student Report

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Query Example

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