Experiencing MIS 8th by m kronenke chapter 07
Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (2.36 MB, 49 trang )
Chapter 7
Processes, Organizations, and
Information Systems
“How much money does a system own?”
• Who do we sell it to, and how do we induce them to buy?
• Doctors?
– Care about medicine and operations, and some care most
about expensive operations. If they cared about exercise,
they’d own health clubs.
• Insurance companies?
– Exercise doesn’t prevent disease.
– When you get in good shape, you last longer, and their care
expenses increase.
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-2
Who Will Pay?
• Health clubs
• Employers
• Revenue selling ads to health clubs and
manufacturers
• Social media–driven
• Can PRIDE support 10,000 people spinning at
the same time?
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-3
Study Questions
Q1: What are the basic types of processes?
Q2: How can information systems improve process quality?
Q3: How do CRM, ERP, and EAI support enterprise processes?
Q4: How do information systems eliminate problems of information silos?
Q5: What are the elements of an ERP system?
Q6: What are the challenges of implementing and upgrading enterprise
information systems?
Q7: How do inter-enterprise IS solve the problems of enterprise silos?
Q8: 2025?
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-4
Q1: What Are the Basic Types of Processes?
Business Process
with Three Activities
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-5
How Do Structured Processes Differ from Dynamic
Processes?
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-6
How Do
Processes
Vary by
Organizational
Scope?
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-7
Characteristics of Information Systems
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-8
Q2: How Can Information Systems Improve
Process Quality?
• Process efficiency
– Ratio of process outputs to inputs
• Process effectiveness
– How well a process achieves organizational
strategy
• How Can Processes Be Improved?
– Change process structure
– Change process resources
– Change both
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-9
How Can Information Systems Improve Process
Quality?
• Performing an activity
– Partially automated, completely automated
• Augmenting human performing activity
– Common reservation system
• Controlling data quality process flow
– Ensure data complete and correct before
continuing process activities
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-10
Q3: How Do Enterprise Systems Eliminate the Problem of
Information Silos?
• What are the problems of information silos?
– Data are duplicated
– Data inconsistency
– Data isolated
– Business processes disjointed
– Lack of integrated enterprise information
– Inefficiency: decisions are made in isolation
– Increased cost for the organization
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-11
Problems Created by Information Silos
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-12
How Do Organizations Solve the Problems of
Information Silos?
• Integrate data
into single
database
• Revise
applications
• Allow isolation,
manage to
avoid problems
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-13
An Enterprise System for Patient Discharge
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-14
Q4: How Do CRM, ERP, and EAI Support
Enterprise Processes?
• Business Process Reengineering
– Integrated data, enterprise systems create stronger,
faster, more effective linkages in value chains
– Difficult, slow, and exceedingly expensive
– Key personnel determine how best to use new
technology
– Requires high-level and expensive skills and
considerable time
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-15
Emergence of Enterprise Application Solutions
• Inherent processes
– Predesigned procedures for using software
products
– Based on “industry best practices”
• Customer relationship management (CRM)
• Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
• Enterprise application integration (EAI)
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-16
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
• Suite of applications, a database, and a set of
inherent processes
• Manage all interactions with customer through four
phases of customer life cycle:
– Marketing, customer acquisition, relationship
management, loss/churn
• Intended to support customer-centric organization
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-17
Customer
Life Cycle
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-18
CRM Applications
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-19
ERP
Applications
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-20
Pre-ERP Information System: Bicycle
Manufacturer
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-21
ERP Information Systems
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-22
ERP Enabled Sales Dashboard
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-23
Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)
•
•
•
•
Connects system “islands.”
Enables communicating and sharing data.
Provides integrated information.
Provides integrated layer over the top of existing
systems while leaving functional applications “as is.”
• Enables a gradual move to ERP.
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-24
Design and Implementation for the Five
Components
Virtual
Integrated
Database
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
7-25
