--------------------
:
N TR NG VÀ TÌNH HÌNH X
LÝ CH T TH I
A BÀN XÃ NG
HUY N YÊN TH Y, T NH HÒA BÌNH
: Chính quy
Chuyên ngành
:
Khoa
:
Khóa
: 2011 2015
Thái Nguyên -
2015
--------------------
NGU
:
N TR NG VÀ TÌNH HÌNH X
LÝ CH T TH I
A BÀN XÃ NG
HUY N YÊN TH Y, T NH HÒA BÌNH
: Chính quy
Chuyên ngành
:
: K43 - KHMT - N01
Khoa
:
Khóa
: 2011 2015
: TS
Thái Nguyên -
2015
i
Nguyên nói riêng.
Em xin
Thái Nguyên, ngày 15
ii
.................................................. 4
.......................................... 5
.......................................................... 7
.............................................. 7
....................................................... 8
.......................................................... 9
................... 15
.............. 26
................. 28
................................... 31
-2014)........................................................................... 35
....................................................... 35
........................................................................ 36
......................................................................... 38
...................................................................... 39
............................................................... 40
........................................................ 41
............................................................. 42
iii
.................................................. .36
.................................................................... 37
..................................................................... 38
.................................................................. 39
........................................................... 40
...................................................... 41
........................................................... 42
iv
CTV
FAO
i
GTVT
KST
SS
UBND
Ký sinh trùng
v
.......................................................................................... 1
1.1
.................................................................................................... 1
1.2
.................................................................................... 2
...................................................................................... 2
....................................................................................... 2
...................................... 2
1.4.2. Ý
..................................................................................... 3
.............................................................. 4
................................... 4
............................................................. 4
..................................................... 5
2.2.
2.2.1.
.............................................................. 5
....................................................... 5
.................................... 6
................................... 9
..................................................................... 11
........................................................................ 12
............................................................. 14
............. 15
Nam ................................................................................................................. 16
........................................................................ 16
..................................................................... 18
.................................................................... 19
vi
................................................................................................................ 21
............................................................................... 21
3
................................................................... 21
.................................................................................. 21
-
............................ 21
................................ 21
............................. 21
3.3.3.1. Ph
.............................................................. 21
3.3.3.2.
.............................................................. 21
3.3.3.2.
.................................................................. 21
............................................................................................................. 21
.......................................................................... 22
..................................................... 22
................................................... 22
................................................. 22
........................................................ 23
-
............................... 23
................................................................................. 23
........................................................................ 27
..................................................................................... 33
................................... 35
................................................................................. 35
............................................................................... 35
4.2.3.
............................................................................... 36
........................................................... 38
vii
............................... 38
4.3.1. Ph
................................................................. 39
4.3.2.
................................................................. 41
4.3.3.
..................................................................... 42
............................................................................................................. 42
................................................................................. 42
.......................................................................... 45
.......................................................... 48
.................................................................................................... 48
.................................................................................................. 49
............................................................................ 50
1
1.1
cho tiêu
ành
nay các ng
riêng ng
nh phát
m
2
1.2
.
-
-T
-C
.
-
3
-
g.
-
4
VN
Trâu
Bò
2008
2.897.7
6.337.7
121.2
1.483.4
26.701.6
248.3
2009
2.886.6
6.103.3
102.2
1.375.1
27.627.7
280.2
2010
2.877.0
5.808.3
93.1
1.288.4
27.373.3
300.5
2011
2.712.0
5.436.6
88.1
1.267.8
27.056.0
322.6
2012
2.627.8
5.194.2
87.3
1.343.6
26.493.9
308.5
(N
)[7]
5
Trâu
Bò
Gà
Dê
2006
122.624
77.747
387.385
2.672.970
289.466
38.633
2007
126.090
81.684
397.987
2.987.183
436.040
37.937
2008
110.794
77.087
416.254
3.104.624
482.966
30.032
2009
109.940
74.015
433.227
3.276.940
494.845
29.833
)[4]
S
ành ki
-
-
cho gia súc
6
-
( Phân)
gia súc. Phân
-
2O5 ,
K2
kháng sinh hay các men.
phân ra ngoài.
Ngoài phân trong quá trì
vào
7
2.3
( kg/ngày)
D
0.5 1.0
45 kg
1.0 3.0
100 kg
3.0 5.0
5.0 7.0
Wendy Powers (2004))[14]
2.4
PH
6.47 6.95
213 342
NH4-N
0.06 0.76
N
7.99 9.32
Tro
32.5 93.3
151 261
Carbonates
0.23 2.11
3.83 4.47
1998)[1]
8
-
x
-
, urê, omonium,
4
v
0.3 0.7
45 kg
0.7 2.0
100 kg
2.0 4.0
4.0 5.0
Wendy Powers (2004))[14]
9
2.6
n nuôi
Mg/l
o
420 550
C
26 30
Mg/l
6.1 7.9
Mg/l
200 500
COD
Mg/l
5000 12000
DO
Mg/l
0 0.3
Mg/l
36 72
Mg/l
220 460
Mg/l
5 58
SS
Mg/l
180 450
NH4+
Mg/l
15 -284
E.Coli
MPN/100 ml
12.6x106 68.3x103
PH
28 280
1998)[1]
2,
NH3, CH4, H2
10
-
không khí
nuôi
11
-
thay
t
2
2,
CH4,H2S, NH3
12
Kh
+
4
,
NO2-, NO3NH3
Nitrate.
3
tiêu
3
NO2-
-
E.C
i tiêu.
llobothrium latum, Taenia saginata: gây
13
cho vi si
14
P
Urea
ón vùi
amm.nitrate + vôi
Phân NPK
X
tr
Bón vùi
Vôi
NPK
amonium
nitrate
NP
N
Xuyên th
Và phân b
S tách bi
các thành
ph sau khi
m a
T
xuyên
th khác
nhau c các
thành ph
Khuy
m h
tán
n
Phân bón
bên d
h gi
[9]
T
15
2,
CH4, H2S, NH3
khí
mô
uôi
E.Coli
quan
E.Coli
Salmonella
Leptospira
Ascarissuum
C.Parium
vi trùng
vi trùng
vi trùng
Virut
KST
KST
n
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
-
+
+
16
ch
2.4.1 .Các ph
-