IH
I H C KINH T
N TR KINH DOANH
PH M TH
THU NH P
A T I CHI C C THU
DOANH NGHI P NH
B C NINH
LU
NG
: QU
- 2016
S
c li u
NG D NG
IH
I H C KINH T
N TR KINH DOANH
PH M TH
THU NH P
A T I CHI C C THU
B C NINH
DOANH NGHI P NH
Qu
: 60.34.04.10
LU
NG
ng d n khoa h c: TS. Ph m Th Ng
- 2016
S
c li u
NG D NG
i
H
uc
s li u, k t qu
th c t c
H
t nghi
c xu
.
ng m i s
cho vi c th c hi n lu
c
c ch
n g c.
N
lu
Ph m Th
S
c li u
ii
L IC
Lu
t qu c
ct
kinh nghi
u
ng, k t h p v i
c ti n, v i s n l c c g ng c a b n
n
i h c Kinh t
n tr kinh doanh i h c Kinh t
hi
, h tr cho h
c bi t, h
c nh
v
Ng
n tr
ng d n khoa h c
,
H
n TS. Ph m Th
c ti p ch b
h
ng d n t n
nh lu
.
o C c thu t nh B c Ninh, UBND
B c Ninh, Chi c c thu TP B
doanh nghi
c
hi n Lu
M c
t c g
khi m khuy
i nh ng
c s ch d n,
ng nghi
lu
X
..... t
lu
Ph m Th Thu
S
c li u
.
6
iii
L
....................................................................................................... i
L IC
............................................................................................................ ii
M C L C................................................................................................................. iii
DANH M C VI T T T .......................................................................................... vi
DANH M
NG....................................................................................... vii
DANH M
......................................................................................... ix
M
U ....................................................................................................................1
p thi p c a vi
2. M
...............................................................1
u................................................................................................2
u...........................................................................3
cc
5. K t c u c a lu
u .................................................................3
...............................................................................................4
C TI N V
N
THU NH P DOANH NGHI P ............................................................5
1.1. M t s
n v thu
................................................5
m, ch
a thu
...............................5
1.1.2. Thu thu nh p doanh nghi p .........................................................................11
1.1.3 Qu
thu nh p doanh nghi p ..............................................................14
TNDN .............................26
th c ti n v qu
TNDN ............................................................30
1.2.1. Kinh nghi
TNDN t i m t s
g
c ......................................................................................................30
m v qu
TNDN t i Chi c c thu
B c Ninh........................................................................................35
U ......................................................37
:
u ............................................................................................37
u....................................................................................37
p s li u.........................................................................37
ng h
S
li u ....................................................41
c li u
iv
2.3. H th
t qu qu
2.3.1. Ch
TNDN ..........42
.........................................................42
2.3.2. Ch
t qu qu
TNDN...............................................42
cung c
........................................44
g 3: TH C TR NG QU
NGHI P NH
THU NH P DOANH
A T I CHI C C THU
mt
-
mt
B C NINH........45
ic
B c Ninh ............................45
...........................................................................................45
n kinh t -
3.1.3. V
i................................................................47
mv
n h n c a Chi c c thu
B c Ninh.........................................................................................................49
3.2. Th c tr
TNDN v
t i Chi c c thu
B c Ninh........................................................................................52
u t ch c, b
ng c a Chi c c thu
3.2.2. K t qu th c hi
3.2.3 Th c tr
B c Ninh.....52
n 2013 - 2015 ...............55
p nh
a t
B c Ninh giai
n 2013 - 2015............................................................................................56
3.2.4. Th c tr
TNDN nh
a t i Chi c c thu
B c Ninh........................................................................................57
3.3. Nh
TNDN nh
t i Chi c c thu
a
ph B c Ninh .............................................................67
ch quan ............................................................................................67
.........................................................................................72
TNDN nh
thu
a t i Chi c c
B c Ninh................................................................................78
3.4.1. K t qu
c .............................................................................................78
3.4.2. H n ch
.................................................................................80
: GI
THU NH P DOANH NGHI P NH
A T I CHI C C THU TP
B C NINH ...............................................................................................................82
S
c li u
v
ng, m
nh
a t i Chi c c thu
4.1.1.
B c Ninh...........................................82
m .......................................................................................................82
ng .................................................................................................83
4.1.3. Nhi m v .........................................................................................................84
4.2. Gi
TNDN nh
thu
a t i Chi c c
B c Ninh................................................................................86
n qu
p thu
ym
tr
............86
i n p thu ............................87
m tra thu thu nh p doanh nghi p .............88
4.2.
n qu
t c mi n thu , gi m thu ...........................................89
ng qu
4.2.6 M t s gi
ng ch n ..................................................90
.....................................................................................91
4.3. M t s ki n ngh .................................................................................................93
K T LU N ..............................................................................................................96
U THAM KH O ......................................................................................98
PH L C ...............................................................................................................101
S
c li u
vi
DN
NNT
Doanh nghi p
i n p thu
NSNN
c
TNCT
Thu nh p ch u thu
TNDN
Thu nh p doanh nghi p
TP
S
c li u
vii
B ng 2.1: Thu th p s li u th c p ................................................................. 39
B
ng ph ng v
qu
B ng 2.3.
.......................... 40
.......................................................... 41
B ng 3.1. S
c Chi c c thu TP B
5 ....... 54
B ng 3.2. K t qu th c hi n k ho ch thu thu thu nh p doanh nghi p t i
Chi c c thu
B
B ng 3.3. S
n 2013 - 2015.............. 54
c TP B
n 2013 - 2015........... 55
B ng 3.4. S
B c Ninh
n 2013 - 2015 .................................................................... 57
B ng 3.5. S
ng doanh nghi p c
thu m i khai thu TNDN nh
B c Ninh
B ng 3.6. K t qu n p h
B
n 2013 - 2015 ...... 57
thu nh p doanh nghi p ........... 59
c hi n k ho ch h tr
doanh nghi p t i Chi c c thu
i n p thu thu nh p
B c Ninh 2013 - 2015....... 60
B ng 3.8. K t qu mi n, gi m thu thu nh p doanh nghi
B c Ninh gi
B ng 3.9. K t qu
n 2012 - 2015................................... 62
c ki m tra thu thu thu nh p doanh nghi p
B
B
n 2013 - 2014............... 64
thu thu nh p doanh nghi
ph B
n 2013 - 2015............................................. 67
B ng 3.11. B ng t ng h
thu v
b thu t i Chi c c thu
B ng 3.12. B ng t ng h
B ng 3.13. K t qu
thu
u tra v d ch v h tr
v t ch t,
B c Ninh...................... 70
i n p thu t i Chi c c
B c Ninh ............................................................... 71
B ng 3.14: S
S
B c Ninh................................ 69
thu v
trang thi t b c a Chi c c thu
c
n 2005 - 2013............ 72
c li u
viii
B ng 3.15. B ng t ng h
thu v
thu hi n nay.................................................................................. 74
B ng 3.16. B ng t ng h p s
ki
thu
n
i n p thu
t i Chi c c thu
ph B c Ninh ................................................................................. 75
B ng 3.17. B ng k t qu
u tra doanh nghi p v vi c coi tr ng
a doanh nghi p......................................................... 76
B ng 3.18. B ng t ng h p s
thu
dung ki m tra thu t i Chi c c thu
S
c li u
n i
B c Ninh............. 77
ix
DANH M
t nh B c Ninh...................................................................... 47
ch c b
c thu
doanh nghi p n p quy
S
c li u
B c Ninh ........................ 52
thu nh p doanh nghi p ....... 59
1
M
U
p thi p c a vi
Thu
t trong nh
-
i quan tr ng c
u ti t n n kinh t
i ch
ng thu n l i cho s n xu
v
n, gi i quy
kinh t -
ng s n
ph
p qu
mb
i nh p
qu c t . V i t m quan tr
th ng thu
Chi
d
Vi t Nam hi
i, hi u l c, hi u qu .
i m i, n n kinh t Vi
chi
cc i
n l n m nh c v
u r ng. Mu n qu
n kinh t m
d ng nhi u bi
u qu ,
kinh t
u qu
trong nh
t
c s d ng r t hi u qu .
H th
c ta hi n nay g
c thu ch y u: Thu
Thu nh p doanh nghi p; Thu Thu nh
th
c bi t; Thu xu t, nh p kh u; Thu s d
t; Thu s d
p; Thu
p.
u qu c a h th ng thu
nh ng bi
t ngu
trong Lu t qu
ch
ra
c ph
hi
t thu
c hi n c
y vi c
ng
c ti n b
nh
g
c hi n v
ng b t c
n ch
nh.
c thu tr
qu
tr
ct
u so v i qu
t trong
nh ng kho n thu tr c thu chi m t tr ng l n trong ngu n thu c
c hi
thu nh p doanh nghi p.
M
h i nh p kinh t trong khu v
i nh p qu c t v thu
S
gi i ti n t
m khuy
c li u
2
gi
c ph
ph
m c qu
qu c t nh m t
ng h th
cc
n
u ki n thu n l
nh m
c
p Vi t N
ng thu n l
ng nh t v thu
Trong nh
m
o
n kinh t -
c.
B c Ninh
thu l n
mb
c nhi m v
t nhi
khuy
thu n l
n.
thu n l
t o ra nhi
y, n
Song trong nh
u ki n
ng kinh doanh
pv
n bi n n m b
ng
B
c nh
i c a n n kinh t
m i.
a qua, do nhi
c thu thu
c (NSNN) t
p nh
a
p nhi u
u so v i kh
c nh
ngu n thu t thu thu nh p doanh nghi p (TNDN). Th c t
c p thi
b nt
y
t ra m
n th c ti n ch ra nh ng
nt
thu nh p
doanh nghi p nh
a t i Chi c c thu
B c Ninh trong th i gian t i.
n
nh
i
hu thu nh p doanh nghi p
a t i Chi c c thu
2. M
u lu
B
u
2.1. M
c tr ng qu
v a t i Chi c c thu
qu
TNDN nh
B c Ninh m
2.2. M
B c Ninh, lu
xu t
a t i Chi c c thu
TNDN nh
gi
n
B c Ninh, t nh
u qu nh t.
th
- H th
S
c ti n v qu
c li u
TNDN.
3
c tr ng qu
ph B c Ninh
TNDN nh
a t i Chi c c thu
n 2013 - 2015.
ut
t i Chi c c thu
TNDN nh
B c Ninh, t nh B c Ninh
xu
-
a
n 2013 - 2015.
TNDN nh
a t i Chi c c thu
ph B c Ninh trong th i gian t i.
u
u
3.2. Ph
u
3.2.1. Ph
c th c hi
c thu
B c Ninh, t nh B c
Ninh qu
p: doanh nghi
ph n, h
3.2.2. Ph m vi th i gian
u
i v i doanh nghi p nh
a
n 2013 - 2015.
3.2.3. Ph m vi n i dung
u nh ng v
c c thu
n qu
B c Ninh. V
ti
t v qu
c kinh nghi m v qu
th c tr ng qu
TNDN nh
TNDN, v
thu nh p; thu th
ut
ng gi
n qu
n
c c thu
B c Ninh.
4.
cc
a t i chi
TNDN nh
th c
li u v
xu
a t i Chi
u
nv
TND
c tr
S
TNDN nh
c li u
a t i Chi
4
c c thu
B c Ninh (nh ng k t qu
qu
c, h n ch
khoa h c, th c ti
qu
TNDN v
n ch ng th
nh cho DN nh
Chi c c thu
B c Ninh qu
5. K t c u c a lu
TNDN
.
S
c li u
at i
5
C
1
C TI N V
THU NH P DOANH NGHI P
1.1. M t s
n v thu
1.1.1.
m, ch
a thu
m, ch
a thu
m
Thu
t kho n n p b t bu
ph i th c hi
iv
b
tr c ti
n p thu . Thu
t hi
ng t
ng
t hi
i
n li n v i ph
t
(Nguy n Th B t, 2002).
S
n t i c a thu g n li n v i s
xu t hi n c
Thu
c-
p
t.
t th c th
nt ic
ch ph thu c
thu
c a t ng th i k l ch s nh
S xu t hi
i c n ph
a c i v t ch t c n thi t chi cho ho t
c nh
c hi n ch
c p, t n t i ch
mb
ct nt
ic
i ph m vi ho
r
u ki
ng c
c t nguy n c
s
i
nh.
ab
quy n l
u ki n kinh t -
pn
d ng quy n l c c
c ng
ng c a c i c n thi
t,
nh b t bu
c m t ph n c a c
qu ti n t t p trung c
n
u nh ng c a c i v t ch
c hi n v t, d n d n thu
S
c li u
c chuy n sang
c ti n t .
c thu
ng
6
th i v i vi c
thu n p c a c i v t ch
b o vi c th c hi
ng b
m
ng ch c
S xu t hi n s n ph m th
c.
ch y
y, thu
i xu
iv
ch s
nhu c
thu t n t
tt ty
ng ch
i quy n l
t n t i c a thu
c.
nc
cho th y, thu
hai ph
c t n t i t t y u ph
s v t ch
m b o cho s t n t
nc
. Thu l
c.
m c a thu
nt
c, t
im i
n nay, thu
pc
us
c v cho m
t nhi
i qua m
uc
m v thu
thu
y,
s ph
c
n p thu
c.
tv
nguy
hi u
n ch t c a thu
m c a thu (Nguy n Th
Th nh t: thu
n thu n p b t bu
nguy n t b quy n l i c
c t n t i, ngu n thu t thu ph
nh. N u
t nguy n n
t bu
hi
c th
nh sau:
iv
: Thu thu
b t bu
hu
n p thu
c quy n l a ch
ng ch u thu
Thu
nh c
iv
S
ng
ch c th c hi n thu
l
duy nh
i n p thu
u ki
,
u 8 Lu t Qu
mc
thu
iv
chuy
t thu
c li u
th c hi n.
nc ah
i quan h thanh
7
c th c hi
thu v n th hi
t b t bu
ho c mong mu n t
ng n p thu
n tr n thu
nh hay tho thu n m
quy n ch p thu n. Nh
ng n p thu vi ph m lu t s b
m quy n x
m ho
bu c h ph
ng ch
c
nh c
n p thu
t
t gi a thu v i
t t nguy n.
Th hai: Thu
c
s b t bu
t bu c, song
n t ng kinh t -
nhi m v
bao gi
ic
u t kinh t
+ Y u t kinh t th hi n: H th ng thu
i c a m t qu
c h t ph i k
n thu nh
u kinh t , th c ti n v
kinh t
ng c
qu
ik
i.
u
iy ut
n ph m vi, m
c nh m th c hi
ch c
c, t
a
c
+Y ut
i th hi n: H th ng thu ph i d
qu c gia, k t c u giai c
i s ng th c t c
n l ch s . M
b
c hi
ng
i l i thu nh
m
i.
ym
trong GDP c a m t qu c gia ph thu
c
kinh t
Th ba: Thu
i c a qu
t kho
tr c
ti
c thu
ph
ng s
i
c thu t
t kho
l
i n p thu
c cho vi c s n xu
ng.
a thu
m t kho
d ch v
cv
c cung c p ph i tr m t ph n thu nh p c
S
c li u
ng nh ng
8
c trao
t c a th
i, thu
ho t
t bi
ng.
c am
c th c thi khi
ng kinh t t o ra thu nh p ho c s d ng ngu n thu nh p t
c bi t,
trong n n kinh t th
a thu
u ti
mv
thi
n n kinh t .
* Ch
a thu
Thu
m ngu n thu cho NSNN nh
c; ch
i l i thu nh
u ti
: Ch c n
M
n nh
mb o
n kinh t .
m b o ngu n thu cho NSNN
M
n thu t thu
v i t ng s
ng nhu c u
n l n, g n li n
ac
p ch y u
il
p duy nh
p b ng ngu n
vay ho
nt .M
i t l gi
ng s n ph m qu c n i (GDP) c a m
ng c a N
tr
n
t
c cho th y m
huy
c kho
i
n ).
: Ch
V
i l i nh
mb
i
ng v thu ph
thu ph
ng;
a ch a nh ng khi m khuy t c a s
b os
il
m
ng ch
thu
m cho r ng s
vi
i ph
n s h u di n ra tr
iv im ts
S
lu ti n,
is
ib
ti n.
c li u
i
ng, v i m t s
9
Ch
b ng c a th
u ti
n kinh t hay kh c ph c nh ng b
ng
Thu
c
h n ch ho c
nh kinh t . Thu
ng c a th
cs d
kh c ph c nh ng b t
,d
ng t
qu c t
ng n i t i c a n n kinh t . Thu
n th c hi n
ng t ng th
a thu trong n n kinh t , ph i s d ng
thu
ng v i ch
a thu
m i qu
thu
thu t s d
thu c a m i qu
ph
v im
ng l
th c hi
p
n kinh t -
ng l i, chi
n kinh t -
t ng th i k nh
m
i v i n n kinh t
c l c cho vi c
i c a m i qu c gia trong
c gia ph
p c a h th ng thu v i chi
c hi
n kinh t
ic a
k p th i n u th y c n thi t.
1.1.1.2
m,
c a qu
m
Qu
t ng
ch t ng th
thu
t
c thu
qu
c v thu
c. Ch th qu
n thu ch y u c
c thu
cn
thu
ng c a qu
c v thu
ch
c thu
c qu
mb om
thu nh
n kinh t
S
c ph
c li u
i"
.
a thu
nh, lu
mt o
10
m
ng nh t, bu c m i t ch
i th c hi n theo.
Do b n ch t c a thu
tr c ti
i n p thu t
th ng lu
th th c hi
c
th ng lu
thu v n c
u
t bu
thu , nhi u t ch
c hi
p
c
c mang
tt ty
qu
Qu
cs d
nh m th c hi n vi c thu thu
c, bi
t hi u qu
trong vi
n kinh t -
(Lu t qu
ra
ic
c trong t ng th i k
, 2006).
*
y qu
+ Qu
th c hi n m t trong nh ng ch
c qu
u ti
trong nh ng n i dung quan tr ng nh t nh
a thu
n kinh t
t
mb
n kinh t
ng
ng s
hi n quy n l c t i cao
c quy n c
c trong vi c qu
c ki
c.
c n p thu c
i n p thu . V
c v qu
c hi
t thu
c qu
M tm
u ph
thu .
cb
v
a nh
is
thu
t tay v
ng m i l i b
ng d
.
mb ob
l
thu c
m
ng, s a ch a nh
i trong vi c ch
S
ng c
t
i trong b
i n p thu nh
tr n
cc
i n p thu
cs
c li u
11
c ch
lu t thu
t thu
m b o vi c th c hi
nh.
M
cx
mb
nh
ng vi ph
*
vi c
ng th
m c a qu
Th nh t: Qu
Ho
c qu
t.
ng qu
t qu
n b n quy ph
-CP, Ngh
t qu
nh s
-
h
mc
nhi m c
m quy n qu
Th hai: Qu
2006, Ngh
nh s
nh quy n
i n p thu
nh
c th c hi n ch y u b
ng
ch
c thuy t ph
c s d ng ch y u trong ho
ch y
c th hi n
qu
vi
m nh l nh, quy
ng n p thu ph i ch
quan c
nh quy
c n p thu
qu
nh c
c ra nh ng quy
ng n p thu ph i th c hi n. N
n p thu s ph i ch u m c ph
Thu
d
ng
thu t, nghi p v ch t ch .
n thu ch y u c
ov
c, vi
c am
ra nh ng ph n ng t
p v nh
l id
i ph
ph
nh trong qu
c nh ng k thu t nghi p v ch y
c.
1.1.2. Thu thu nh p doanh nghi p
m
S
nh
nh.
Th ba: Qu
b
ng qu
c li u
p thu
thu thu
ng th i ph i n m
12
hi
thu nh
c h t c n ph
nh
u v thu nh p: Thu
t ch th
c trong n n kinh t
i
t th i gian nh
nh,
i thu nh p qu
t ngu n g
thu nh
t lo i thu
c ti
pc
thu nh p c
thu nh
n thu nh p ch u thu t
thu nh p ch
u ch nh
n thu nh
c mi n
tr m t s
Thu thu nh
t quan tr ng trong vi
c hi
v
t
u ti t c
ng kinh t
u lo i: thu TNDN, thu thu nh
Thu thu nh p t chuy
ng b
i
n n kinh t qu
thu nh
t chuy
m b o ngu n thu cho
ng v n, chuy
ng s
ng ch
thu nh p
m vi c a lu
v thu thu nh p doanh nghi p.
Thu thu nh p doanh nghi
t lo i thu
a
s n xu t kinh doanh trong m t kho ng th i gian nh
tk
kinh doanh.
b thu nh p c
u ch nh c a thu TNDN. Thu TNDN ch
ch u thu
y vi
i thu nh
t ng lo i thu nh
mc am
s n xu
u ch nh ph n thu nh p
n ng hay nh
cv
u ti t thu
nh p qua thu thu nh p, ph thu
a thu thu nh p ph
n th c hi
i c a m i qu c gia trong t ng th i k nh
*
m thu TNDN
S
c li u
nh.
13
Thu
ch c ho
t lo i thu tr c thu, v
ng n p thu
ng s n xu
ch v
p ch u thu theo
nh c a Lu t thu TNDN.
Thu
ph n thu nh p ch u thu
ph thu
t qu ho
ng kinh doanh c
ph i n p thu TNDN khi ho
Thu
p. Doanh nghi p ch
ng kinh doanh c a h
c kh u tr
TNDN
i nhu n.
c thu thu nh
ct
nh
i t c c ph n, l i nhu n
t, ti
n thu nh
c chia
sau khi n p thu thu nh p doanh nghi p.
*
- Thu
o n thu quan tr ng c a NSNN.
Thu
thu nh
NSNN.
m m t t tr ng l
u thu
n, hai lo i thu ch y
tr c thu
chi m t tr ng l n trong t ng thu NSNN (M : thu tr c thu chi m kho ng 75%,
Nh t B n kho ng 74%).
c ta thu
t s c thu
t ng s
m m t t tr ng l n trong
d
ng kinh t
c
c m r ng, hi u qu
thu
ng kinh t
t o ra ngu n thu v
n cho NSNN.
- Thu
quan tr ng c
c trong vi
u ti
n n kinh t .
t h th
t v thu
s n xu t kinh doanh thu c m
ng trong c
, Nh
iv im ts
S
n kinh t , t o ra s
y s n xu
nh ph m vi thu thu
ng
c
c th hi n s
i n p thu ho c th hi n s khuy n
c li u
14
i v i vi
thu
nm
t bi
c s d ng
v
,m t
c c n t p trung khuy
y m nh s n xu t, khai
v
tr
nghi p kh c ph
n s n xu t b ng vi c s d ng bi n
n, gi
TNDN theo m
- Thu
c th c hi
M t trong nh ng m
i.
a thu
u ti t thu nh
mb os
i thu nh p. Thu TNDN
doanh nghi p thu
n kinh t
mb
ng theo chi
c
ng theo chi u d c. V chi u ngang,
b tk m
tc
p ch u thu
i n p thu TNDN. V chi u d c, v i m c thu su t th ng nh t, DN
i n p thu nhi
tuy
nh p th p.
- Thu
nd
Thu
d
n
u kinh t .
l i ngu n l c nh m th c hi n t
u kinh t . Vi c thi t k
n
ng h th
t
n nhi
n then ch
tr
t
n chuy n d
u kinh
.
1.1.3 Qu
1.1.3.1
thu nh p doanh nghi p
nh hi
lu t thu TNDN
ng n p thu
*
p thu
ng n p thu
Thu
thu
m t lo i thu tr
i n p thu TNDN
d ch v
ch c ho
p ch u thu . T ch c ho
i n p thu
i ch u
ng s n xu
ng s n xu t kinh doanh bao g
ng h p sau:
+ Doanh nghi
S
nh c
c li u
t Vi t Nam