CAMBRIDGE9
TEST1
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
thesearespecialruleswhichscientistsset,inthis
casethatlifeformswillbesimilartohumansin
manyways
1 assumptions
groundrules
2 likelihood
lifelihoodoflifeonotherplanets→thechance
besteducatedguess thatthereisonotherplanets,basedonwhatwe
alreadyknow
3 signals
radiowaves
alienswouldsendorreplytomessages/
signalsintheformofradiowaves
4 response
Reply
ifwereceiveamessagefromanaliencivilization,
weshould
5 lifeexpectancy
Lifetime
thelengthoftimethatalivingthing,especiallya
humanbeing,islikelytolive:thelengthofthe
6 overcome
dealwith
todefeatorsucceedincontrollingsomethingor
managesomesituationsuccessfully
7 resemble
belike
looklikesomeoneorsomething:alifeformthat
lookslikeus
8 inmanyways
prettywell
havingmanyofthesamecharacteristicsasus
9 promptly
immediately
weshouldnotreplytothesignalspromptly–we
shoulddelayourreply
HPACADEMY
Page1
CAMBRIDGE9
TEST1
Keywordsinthe
Questions
1 rich(a)
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
fortune(n)
Perkin’sscientificbreakthroughmadehimrichand
famous(broughthimfortuneandfame)
2 famous(a)
fame(n)
3 discovery
scientific
breakthrough
whensomethingnewandimportantisdiscovered,
thisisa“breakthrough”
4 potential
Possibilities
something with potential means that is possible
thatitwillbecomeimportantinsomeway
5 immediately
nearlyinstant
without waiting or thinking : Perkin immediately
understood that the new dye had commercial
possibilities
6 understand
Recognize
toknowthemeaningorimportanceofsomething:
Perkinknewthesignificanceofthenewdye
7 consult
askadvice
togetinformationoradvicefromaperson,book,
etc.withspecialknowledgeonaparticularsubject
8 now
Current
atthepresentmoment
HPACADEMY
Page2
CAMBRIDGE9
TEST1
Keywordsinthe
Questions
1
Transfer
(fromseatoland)
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
moveoutonto
(theland)
gofromseatoland
2 Before
Prior
the invasion of the land by planets came first,
beforeanimals
3 Bigchanges
amajorredesignof
everyaspectoflife
the two big physical changes were breathing and
reproduction
4 Ancestors
earliermarine
incarnation
the ancient ancestors of land animals who came
fromtheseaaretheir“earliermarineincarnation”
5 Lack
neverdeveloped
whales did not develop gills for breathing when
they returned to the sea – so they lacked these
gills
6 Resemble
looklike
thefossilslooklike/resemble/arelikedolphins
7 Migrateback
return
turtles migrated or went back to the sea a long
timeago
Incomplete
8
remains
fragments
small pieces of something, like some bones of an
animal, are fragments – we don’t have the
completeanimalparts
9 Recorded
Plot
when the direction of something is recorded, we
plotitonamaporgraph
10 Dense
tight
alotofpoints(intheupperpartofthetriangle)
veryclosetogether
11 Towardsthetop
intheupperpartof
thetriangle
in the triangle, all the points recorded were near
thetop
12 Ancientcreatures
fossils
theyareremainsoftortoisesfromalongtimeago,
preservedinrocksasfossils
HPACADEMY
Page3
CAMBRIDGE9
TEST2
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
1 achievement
Success
neuroeconomics studies the brain’s secrets to
success / achievement in an economic
environment
2 distinctive
different
iconoclastsaredifferentfromtheotherpeoplein
3distinctways
3 efficiently
inthequickestway
4 relyon
5 previousevents
drawon
pastexperience
6 cognitive
Perceptual
7 differentevents
8 thinkdifferently
9
areunusually
receptiveto
10 newexperiences
11
apsychological
illness
12 groups
groupsdecideon
anaction
HPACADEMY
whenconfrontedwithinformationstreamingfrom
the eyes, the brain will interpret this information
inthequickestwaypossible/efficiently
it will draw on both past experience / previous
eventsandanyothersourceofinformation
connected with thinking or conscious mental
processes
thingsit(thebrain) the best way to see things differently to other
hasnever
people is to bombard the brain with things it has
encounteredbefore never encountered before / different events ‘ A
=novelty
newthing/experienceisanovelty
makenew
novelty forces the brain to make new judgments
judgments
/thinkdifferently
havean
extraordinary
successful iconoclasts have an extraordinary
willingnesstobe
willingness to be exposed to / are unusually
exposedto
receptive to / open to new experiences, things
thataredifferent
whatisfreshand
different
fearofpublicspeakingmakesittoocommontobe
amentaldisorder
considered a psychological illness / a mental
problemofsomekind
neuroscience has revealed which brain circuits /
group are responsible for functions like
Circuits
understandingwhatotherpeoplethink,empathy,
fairness,andsocialidentity
groupscoordinate
decisionmaking
whengroupsofpeopledecideonsomecourseof
actiontogether,theycoordinatetheirefforts
Page4
CAMBRIDGE9
TEST2
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
1 policyinitiative
Strategy
aplantoimproveeducation
2 aglobalteam
aninternational
workingparty
aglobalteam/aninternationalworkingpartyhas
been established to evaluate noise and
reverberationcontrolforschoolrooms
heightenednoise
levels
thereismorenoiseinclassrooms
4 suitable
appropriate
acceptable or right for someone or something :
suitable/appropriate/acceptablestandards
5 worldwide
international
existingorhappeninginallpartsoftheworld
6 regulations
standards
rulesthatshouldbeobeyed
7 atrisk
vulnerable
children with disabilities face more dangers and
difficulties
8 proportion
%,percentage
between6and10outofevery100childrenhave
somehearingloss
3
growthin
classroomnoise
9 auditoryproblems hearingloss
“auditory”referstotheabilitytohearsomething
10 upset
painful,distressing
crowd noise and the noise generated by
machinerymakechildrenwithautismfellpainand
distress/upsetthem
undiagnosed
manyundiagnosedchildrenexistintheeducation
systemwith“invisible”disabilities
12 teachingmethod
teachingpractice
aparticularwayofteaching
13 coolingsystem
mechanicalmeans
ofventilation
suchasair-conditioning
11
havenotbeen
diagnosed
HPACADEMY
Page5
CAMBRIDGE9
TEST2
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
ruleoutanyattempt
prevented a transit observation / ruled out any
attemptatmakingaccurateobservations
2 discoveries
breakthroughs
one of the most vital breakthroughs / discoveries
in the cosmos – detecting earth – sized planets
orbitingotherstars
3 leadingonfrom
pavedthewayfor
after the transit observations, it then became
possibletomakeaccurateobservations
1 prevent
4 failedtoovercome madeitimpossible
5
thedistanceofthe
theAU
SunfromtheEarth
withafairdegree
6
ofaccuracy
7 workout
orbit(orbital)
9 unable
impossible
makeany
10
calculations
makingaccurate
observations
passinfrontofthe
crosstheSun’sdisc
Sun
12 distorted
theAU=theastronomicalunit
reasonably accurate for the time / with a fair
reasonableaccurate degree of accuracy, that is quite close to today’s
value
calculating the angle would allow astronomers to
calculate,measure measure/workoutthedistanceoftheEarthfrom
theSun
8 goaround
11
when the instruments could not overcome these
problems, it was impossible to make accurate
observations
smeared,not
circular
aplanetgoesaround/orbitsthesun
owing to movement of the ship, Le Gentil was
unabletomakeanycalculations
VenusbeginstocrosstheSun’sdisc/Venusstarts
topassinfrontoftheSun
it(Venus)lookssmeared(nolongerclear),not
circular/theshapeofVenusappearsdistorted
HPACADEMY
Page6
CAMBRIDGE9
TEST3
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
Linguistic education means education related to
language
1 language
Linguistic
2 small
Minor
3 affect
influence
4 stillexist(today)
bestillwithus
5 itispointlesstotry
attemptthe
impossibletasks
If a task is impossible, it is no use [ = pointless ]
attempting/tryingtodoit
Halt
paintingunreal
Stop/haltlanguagechange
6 stop
7 Misrepresented
8 conversely
9 popularspeech
picturesofthe
other
Nevertheless
thecustomof
speaking
Argumentscanstartaseasilyoverminorpointsof
usageasovermajorpoliciesoflinguisticeducation
Linguistic factors influence how we judge
intelligence / Our assessment of a person’s
intelligenceisaffectedby…
Prescriptivism still exists today / These attitudes
arestillwithus
Both descriptivists and prescriptivists have been
misrepresented / painted unreal pictures of the
otheropinion
However
Thenormalmannerinwhichpeoplespeakshould
determinethegrammarthatisacceptable
HPACADEMY
Page7
CAMBRIDGE9
TEST3
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
1 Site
station
Place : the first test site / station to test the
designs
2 bringback
re-import
PowerwouldgofirsttotheFrenchelectricitygrid
andthenacablewouldbringitbackintoBritain
3 reliable
predictable
The same amount of power would be produced
becausewecanrelyonthetidestobeconstant
4 cutdownon
reduce
Carbon dioxide emissions will be lower because
thisrenewableenergywouldcutdownon/reduce
theemissions
5 plant
station
Afactoryinwhichaparticularproductismadeor
powerisproduced:powerplant/powerstation
a
means
of
6 increasing national exportearner
income
Power from the undersea turbines could be
exported to other countries to earn money for
Britain
7 raise
lift
The towers will be designed to be lifted / raised
out of the water for maintenance and to clean
seaweedfromtheblades
8 comparatively
relatively
Compared with a wind turbine, the blades would
turnquiteslowly
HPACADEMY
Page8
CAMBRIDGE9
TEST3
Keywordsinthe
Questions
1 transmission(n)
2 unnecessary
Wordsinthetest
passalong
communication
channels
Superfluous=
redundant
Meaning
Information is passed along = transmitted along
thesechannels
Strip out / omit / leave out superfluous
(redundant) / unnecessary bits from data which
contributelittlerealinformation/data
3 information
Data
4 omit
stripout=leaveout
5 incident
Event
This incident was the launch of Voyager 1, the
spaceprobe
setout
Hesetoutwithanapparentlysimpleaim/initially
intendedtoachieveanapparentlysimpleaim
7 achieve(v)
aim(n)
Ifwewanttoachivesomething,thisisouraim
8 transmit
sendback
9 picture
Imagine
Sent back / transmitted spectacular images
picturesofJupiterandSaturn
10 leave
soaroutof
11 beaboutto
beonthebrinkof
12 stopworking
Fail
Sensorsandcircuitswereonthebrinkoffailing/
wereabouttostopworking
13 Tell
Instruct
TheyhadtotellVoyager1whattodo
14 replace
changethefailing
parts
Use spares to change the failing parts / replace
themwithspares
15 transmit
sendout
Themessagewassentout/transmitthemessage
6
initiallyintended
to
16 startingpoint(n) hesetoutwith
Soaredoutof/lefttheSolarSystem.“Soar”gives
thepoeticideaofflyingveryhighinthesky
Whenwe“setout”todosomething,westartto
do it – in this case to find out the meaning of
“information”
HPACADEMY
Page9
CAMBRIDGE9
TEST4
Keywordsinthe
Questions
1 aparticularstudy
2 imitation(n)
3
oneexperiment
mimic(v)
developingasense aredistinctfrom
ofidentity
otherpeople
identifyastatic
4 imageof
themselves
5 features
6
Wordsinthetest
relationshipswith
otherpeople
7 mastery(n)
8 aggressive
9 reflection
Meaning
In one experiment, the researchers studied the
reactionsofchildreninfrontofamirror
When other people copy / imitate what children
do, this makes the sense of identity of children
stronger
As children understand that they are distinct /
different from other people, they learn that they
havetheirownodentity
recognize theselves
visually without the Know/perceivesomething:childrenbecomeable
support of seeing to recognize / identify / themselves visually even
contingent
whentheyarenotmoving
movement
The examples given are trustworthiness, shyness
characteristics
orsportingability
Children build up their sense of identify from the
socialexperience
reactionsofotherstothem
Childrenlearntomaster/controlthingsliketoys
control(v)
oreventhebehavioroftheotherpeople
frustrationand
Young children may struggle to have a toy and
anger
becomeangryandaggressive
movementsinthe
Lewis and Brooks-Gunn suggest that infants’
mirror
developing understanding that the movements
10 observe
see
11 contribute
leadto
they see in the mirror are contingent on their
own, leads to a growing awareness that they are
distinct from other people / Observing their own
reflectioncontributestochildren’sselfawareness
12 problems
difficulties
Itisdifficult/itisaproblemtounderstandyoung
children because it is not easy to communicate
withthem
13 disputes
disagreement
As children become more self aware, they may
fightovertheownershipofthings
HPACADEMY
Page10
CAMBRIDGE9
TEST4
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
Museum have now “altered” their ideas about
howhistoryshouldbepresented
1 views
attitudes
2 fewerdifferences
thesharpdistinction
Museums and theme parks are now both using
isgradually
ideasfromeachother
evaporating
3 peopleincharge
thosewhoare
professionally
engagedintheart
ofinterpreting
history
Thepeopleinchargearethosewhosejobitisto
interprethistoryandmakemuseumsandheritage
sitesattractiveandinteresting
4 thepublic
theordinaryvisitor
Museums were not primarily intended for the
public/theordinaryvisitor
5 balance
steeranarrow
course
Museums must present evidence, but it an
attractiveway,balancingboththings
Conflicting
6
priorities
evidenceand
attractiveness
It is something difficult to choose which is most
important – to provide evidence or to make the
museumavisitorattraction
7 presentbeliefs
contemporary
perceptions
8 reveal
tell
9 thepast
ourancestors
Ourancestorsarethepeoplewholivedbeforeus,
earlierinthepast
10 falseimpression
bias
Onlyonesideofthestoryifpresented,therefore
the image of how people lived in the past is not
accurateorfair
Such presentations tell us more about
contemporaryperceptions/presentbeliefsofthe
worldthanaboutourancestors
HPACADEMY
Page11
CAMBRIDGE9
TEST4
Keywordsinthe
Questions
1 teachingposition
Wordsinthetest
professorship
Meaning
Marie became the first woman to teach at the
Sorbonne, becoming a professor there after her
husbanddied
2 medicaltechnique treatment
The use of drugs, exercises, etc. to cure a person
ofanillnessorinjury:X-radiographywasusedas
a medical technique / a treatment for the
woundedsoldiers
3 collect
accumulate
Marieknewthatitwasnecessarytocollectalotof
radioactivematerial
4 Collect
accumulate
To collect a large quantity of things over a long
period of time : accumulate / collect intense
radioactivesources/material
5 contributedto
madeadecisive
contributionto
The radioactive material at the Radium Institute
wasveryimportantformakinglatediscoveries
HPACADEMY
Page12
CAMBRIDGE10
TEST1
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
1 rapidgrowth
spectaculargrowth
Thenumberofcarscontinuestogrowveryquickly
anddramatically–figuresaregiven
2 privatetransport
Car
Carsarethemostpopularmeansofprivate
transport
3 fresh
New
Somenewmeasureshavebeenproposed
4 Goal
Objective
Somethingwhichmustbedone–developinga
sustainabletransportsystem
sustainable
Cancontinueforalongtime–itwilltakeuntil
2040todevelopatransportsystemthatwillnot
damagetheenvironment
6 environment
Ecological
Reducingemissionswillreducetheeffectonthe
environmentandisnecessaryifplantsand
animalsaretosurviveinfuture
7 charging
Pricing
Makingitmoreexpensivetotravelbyroad,by
makingpeoplepaymoney
8 alone
Solely
Onlydependingonroadtransport
9 restrict
Curb
Limitthegrowthofroadtransport
10 improve
increasethe
efficiencyof
Makeothertransportmodesbetter
11 method
Mode
Otherwaystorestrictthegrowthofroad
transportusinglogistics,technology
12 need
requirement
Demandfortransportcontinuetoincrease
13 grow
Rise
Goup
information
technologies
Theexamplesgivenareteleworkingand
teleservices
15 moved
Relocation
Someindustrieshavebeenmovedtoanew
location
16 arepredictedto
canbeexpectedto
Peoplethinkthatthesefigureswillincrease
5 long-term
14
technological
developments
HPACADEMY
Page13
CAMBRIDGE10
TEST1
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
1 Ancient
duringthesixthand
seventhcenturies/a
bygoneera
Thesestepwellsareveryold
2 Stepwells
stepwells
A series of stone steps from the ground down
towherethereiswater
3 allovertheworld
uniquetothisregion
FoundonlyinthispartofIndia
arangeof
4
functions
placesofgathering,of
leisureandrelaxation
andofworship
The stepwells had many uses or function for
villagepeople
5 Shade
shelterfromtheheat…
These buildings – pavilions – protected those
whousedthestepwellsfromthehotsun
eight–yeardrought
In southern Rajasthan there was no rain for 8
years–thisdryperiodiscalleda“drought”.Itis
aseriouseventwhichrelatestotheclimate
6 climaticevent
7 frequentvisitor
tourist
8 Nowadays
today
9 Excellent
pristine
10
geometrical
pattern
geometricalformation
The tourists “flock” to the stepwells. This
means that large numbers of them visit these
sites
Thestepwellislikeatank,athingwhichstores
water, rather than a well is something which
goesdownintotheground
This stepwell today is in pristine condition,
whichmeansthat–afterrestoration–itisnow
perfect
The steps go down in a regular way, following
straightlines,likeingeometry
resemble
Thestepwellislikeatank,athingwhichstores
water,ratherthanawell–awellissomething
whichgoesdownintotheground
12 provideaviewof
overlook
The verandas are quite high, because they are
builtonpillars,sotheylookoverthestepsand
giveaviewofthem
13 levels
storeys
“ Storeys ” are levels of a structure, such as a
building[ablockofapartments,forexample]
11 lookmorelike
HPACADEMY
Page14
CAMBRIDGE10
TEST1
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
deepen
Makeeveryindividualengagedintheprojectfeel
morestronglyinvolvedinitssuccess
engagementin
Whenpeoplesupportsomethingwiththeireffort
andtime[bywriting,inthisexample],theyshow
thattheyfeelinvolvedinmakingitsuccessful
3 playitsafe
avoidrisk
Faced with a difficult or unknown situation, we
rely on what we know, and do not try something
new
4 takegambles
takechances
Putyourselfinasituationinwhichyoumightwin
oryoumightlose
5 dominant
overbearing
A person who imposes ideas on others, without
listeningtothemisdominantoroverbearing
6 liableto
canhappen
Ifsomethingisliabletotakeplace,thismeansthat
itislikelytohappen
7 Share
interchange
Exchangeideaswithotherpeople
8 mostpeople
ealmostevery
individual
Almosteveryone
9 havepotential
can
Have the possibility to become something or do
something
10 Manager
boss
Leader,head
11 Persuasive
powerful
If an argument is persuasive, it is strong or
powerful enough to change the opinion of other
people
12 Colleague
peer
Thosewhoworktogetherinagroup
1 Strengthen
2 commitmentto
HPACADEMY
Page15
CAMBRIDGE10
TEST2
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
1 Massproduction
printouthuge
numbers
A great number of texts, produced as a result of
“technologicaldevelopments”
2 mostimportant
mainly
Thereaderisconcerned,“mainly”withtheideas
–theyarethemostimportantthing
3 underlyingideas
themeaningof
words
The meaning that the writer implies and the
reader“interprets”
4 happy
content
Showingsatisfaction
5 assistant
apprentice
Someonewhoworksforsomeoneelsetodoajob,
especiallyinordertolearntheskills
6 copy
reproduction
Theprocessofcopyingsomething
7 thepublic
visitors
Thevisitorstomuseums
8 unlike
afundamental
difference
Visitorsshouldfeelfreetosaywhattheythinkof
paintings
9 thosewithpower
hosewhoseekto
maintainand
control
Powerfulpeopleintheartworldwillnotmakeart
more accessible to visitors by putting
reproductionsofworksofartinmuseums
HPACADEMY
Page16
CAMBRIDGE10
TEST2
Keywordsinthe
Questions
1 Conditions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
Factors
The different factors mentioned explain why
conditions were present in Britain for industrial
growth
2
increasein
population
populationgrowth
Thenumberofpeoplegoesup
3
industrial
revolution
Industrialization
Theprocessofdevelopingindustries
4 Fear
beafraid
Feeling worried about the possible results of a
particularsituation
5 Unemployment
outofwork
Thestateofhavingnojobs
6 preventdysentery
succumbingto
dysentery
Wearetoldthatdysenteryisadiseasethatresults
whenyoudrinkdirtywater.Teahelpedtoprevent
this,andsopeopledidnotfallillor“succumbto”
dysentery
7 deathrate
mortalityrate
The number of people who die in a particular
grouporareainaparticularperiodoftime
HPACADEMY
Page17
CAMBRIDGE10
TEST2
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
1 domestic
home
Domestic=connectedwiththehomeorfamily
2 Overdirect
toomuchguidance
Teachers who overdirect pupils try to help or
guidethemtomuch
3 anxiety
fear
An uncomfortable felling of fear and worry – in
this case anxiety that you might do something
wrong
4 technique
method/practice
Eawayofdoinganactivity
Socially
5
disadvantaged
deprived
Not having the things that are necessary for a
pleasantlife,suchasenoughmoney,foodorgood
livingconditions
6 self-reliance
independence
Theabilitytoliveyourlifewithoutbeinghelpedor
influencedbyotherpeople
7 goals
thehighestlevelof
expertise
Goalsarethingsthatyouwanttoachieve,inthis
casereachingahigherstandard
harness(v)
To direct something into a particular place or
situation, to control something : “ channel their
feeling”
improvetheir
learningefficiency
If they learn more efficiently, this will of course
helppupilstolearnbetter
10 support(n)
backup(n)
Agreementwithandencouragementforchildren’s
education
11 successful
achieveathighlevel Succeedingettingtheresultswantedorhopefor
8 channel(v)
9
assisttheir
learning
HPACADEMY
Page18
12
aconsiderable
amount
agreatdeal
Alot
13 subject
specificdomain
“adomain”isanareaofknowledge,forexample
aparticularsubjectatschool
14 strongconnection
closerelationship
The state of being closely related to someone or
somethingelse
15 direction
regulation
Instructionsabouthowtothinkorstudy
16 donothave
lack(v)–
lack(n)of
Lack of internal regulation – they cannot direct
theirownlearning
17 understand
identify
If they identify their learning skills, children
understandthewaythattheylearn
18 extremelyhigh
impressive
Extremelyhigh/impressiveexaminationresults
19 test
examination
Awayofcheckingastudent’sknowledgeorskillin
aparticularsubject
HPACADEMY
Page19
CAMBRIDGE10
TEST3
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
1 abandoned
derelict
(buildingsorplaces)arenotcaredforandarein
badcondition–aplantationinthepassage
2 cemetery
burialground
A place where people are buried in the ground
whentheydie
3 significant
important
Animportant/significantarchaeologicaldiscovery
4 accidentally
onlybychance
The cemetery was a chance discovery – nobody
waslookingforitatthetime
5 Take
carry
The Lapita took / carried with them everything
theywouldneedtobuildanewlife
6 animals
livestock
Animalsandbirdsthatarekeptonafarm,suchas
cows,sheep,orchickens
7 bones
remains
Pieces or parts of bones that continue to exist
when most of it has been used, destroyed, or
takenaway
beyondthepoint
8 wherelandis
visible
beyond the point TheLapitasailedtoapointwheretheycouldsee
wherelandisvisible noland,onlytheocean
9 aprevailingwind
againstthewind
A prevailing wind blows in your face, so it is
difficulttosailwiththewindagainstthedirection
youwanttogo
10 Halt
callitquits
Stop
HPACADEMY
Page20
CAMBRIDGE10
TEST3
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
importance
Tourism today has growth significantly in both
economicandsocialimportance
hiddenorobscured
The economic effects of tourism are difficult to
understand,becausetheyarehidden
3 effect
impact
Theresultofaparticularinfluence
4 world
international
Countries all over the world take part in the
touristtrade
5 hide
obscure
To make something difficult to discover and
understand
6 showstatistically
provide
precise, Accuratedataarerequiredtoreliablestatisticsof
validorreliabledata economiceffects
1 significance
2
7
difficultyof
recognizing
themost
important
8 problem
Major = number Tourismisthemostimportantsourceofincomein
oneranked
Greeceandmanyothercountries
difficulty
The problems associated with measuring
international tourism are often reflected in the
measurementofdomestictourism
HPACADEMY
Page21
CAMBRIDGE10
TEST3
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
1 Autumn
Fall
(thewordshavethesamemeaning)
2 Drop
Discard
Loseleaves
Clue
Asignorsomethinginformationthathelpsyouto
find the answer to a problem, question, or to
mystery
Thereddest
Theleaveswhichhavethebrightestredcolour
5 Surface
side
Thesurfaces/sidesofleaves
6 mostabundant
thebestconditions
forredcolors
Therewillbemostredcolorswheretheconditions
arebest–sotheredleaveswillbemostabundant
intheseconditions
7 gofurther
themove(north)
youtravel
As you go / travel more and more north, the
leavesonthetreesaremoreandmorered
8 seemtocontradict soundparadoxical
The idea appears to be the opposite of what we
know about chlorophyll, but still the idea is
possiblytrue
9 colors
Hues=particularshadesofcolors
3 Evidence
4
themostvividly
coloredred
Hues
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CAMBRIDGE10
TEST4
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
1 modified
Qualified
the idea was changed little because of new
findings
2 characteristic
trait=character
a typical or noticeable quality of someone or
something
3 re-emerge
Reappear
appearagain
fitswith
theevidencesupportsraff’stheory
5 severaltimes
onmorethanone
occasion
the features have been lost and regained more
thanonce
6 reversible
runbackwards
ifsomethingisreversible,itcanbechangedback
towhatitwasbefore
7 views
convictions
strongopinionsorbeliefsaboutsomething
8 thequestion
thepuzzle
the question of how certain long-lost traits could
reappear
9 different
unrelated
speciesthatarenotthesame
10 oneexplanation
anotherpossibility
his findings can be explained by one possible
theory
11 long-losttraits
ancestralfeatures
features possessed by ancient ancestors which
havebeenfoundagain
4
suggestthat…is
correct
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CAMBRIDGE10
TEST4
Keywordsinthe
Questions
Wordsinthetest
Meaning
1 Personality
character
Thetypeofpersonyouare,shownbythewayyou
behave,feel,think
2 beimpossible
cannot
Cannothappenorbeachieved
determined
A person’s character cannot be changed or
transformed–onlywhentheyareveryyoung.Itis
fixed
3 Fixed
4
lesschallengingto oneoftheeasiestto Optimism is not as difficult to develop as other
develop
acquire
qualitiesofpersonality
5
a(wide)variety
of
arangeof
Anumberofdifferent(skills)
6 Happiness
joy
Thefeelingofbeinghappy
7 Feel
experience
Whenwefeelemotions,weexperiencethem
8 Accept
tolerate
Ifweacceptasituation,wetolerateit
9 activelynotice
payattentionto
Itispossibletonoticesomethingbyaccidentbutif
we notice something actively, we are looking out
forit
10 goodthings
positivethings
Positivethingsaregoodthings–shesaysthatyou
shouldwritedown3oftheseeachday
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11 Happen
comeabout
If something comes about, this means that it
actuallyhappens
12 Learn
acquire
Getsomething(knowledge)
13 responsibility
moramoralmoral
obligation
Something that it is your duty to deal with or to
carryout
14 shyness
rreticereticence
Areticentpersondoesnotliketospeakinfrontof
alotofpeople
15 rationalthinking
judgment
The ability to form valuable opinions and make
gooddecisions
16 asenseofduty
moralobligation
Somethingthatwethinkweshoulddo,becauseit
istherightthingtodo
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