Vocabulary 12

TRANPHU HIGH SCHOOL VOCABULARY NGOCSON, NGUYEN
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UNIT 1:
VOCABULARY:
UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY
VOCABULARY:
1 . diversity (n) /daɪvɜːsəti/ : variety
2 . romantic (adj) /rəʊmæntɪk/ : concerned with love or love affair
_ romantic (n) : người lãng mạn
_ romance (n) /rəʊmæns/ : an exciting and pleasant love affair
_ romanticism (n) /rəʊmæntɪsɪzəm/ : sự lãng mạn, chủ nghĩa lãng mạn
3 . be attracted
to
: bị thu hút, hấp dẫn bởi ai
_ feel an attraction
for/to
sb : bị thu hút, hấp dẫn bởi ai
Ex: She felt an immediate attraction to him.
4 . fall in love : to be very attracted to someone and
begin to love them
5 .
on
the other hand : (used for showing opposite points of view)
6 . contractual (adj) /kəntræktʃuəl/ : connected with a contract (thỏa thuận, theo hợp đồng)
7 . decide
on/against
sth/sb
Ex: They decided on a name for the baby.
She decided against changing her job./ borrowing the money.
_ decisive(ly) (adj) /dɪsaɪsɪv/ : quyết đoán, dứt khoát
Ex: Be decisive – tell them exactly what you think should be done.

_ decided (adj) : rõ ràng (clear, definite)
Ex: There is a decided difference between the 2 sisters.
_ decided
about
sth : kiên quyết, quyết tâm về cái gì (determined)
Ex: He won’t go. He’s quite decided about it.
_ to make a decision = to make up one’s mind = to decide
8 . suppose (v) /səpəʊz/ : think, believe or consider that sth is probable
_ be supposed to do / to be doing sth : be expected to do or have to do sth (được
mong đợi hoặc yêu cầu làm điều gì_ phải)
Ex: Am I supposed to clean all the rooms or just this one.
When I come back, you’re supposed to be cleaning the toilets.
9 . survey (n) /

sɜːveɪ/ : study of sth (sự khảo sát, sự điều tra)
Ex: Surveys have shown that more and more people are getting into debt.
10. conduct (v) /kəndʌkt/ :
a
. to carry out or organize sth; to manage or
direct sth (chỉ đạo; kiểm soát; quản lý)
Ex: Tests are being conducted to find the cause of the accident.
:
b
. to lead or guide sb (dẫn đường; hướng
dẫn)
Ex: A guide conducted us round the museum.
11. determine (v) :
a
. be decided about sth
Ex: He determined to give up smoking.

:
b
. find sth out (xác định)
Ex: They’re making an attempt to determine the exact position of the enemy
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TRANPHU HIGH SCHOOL VOCABULARY NGOCSON, NGUYEN
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submarines.
12. response (n)
to
sb/sth /rɪspɒns/: an answer or reaction to sb/sth
_ respond (v)
to
sb/sth
with
sth/
by
doing sth : to give a spoken or written answer
Ex: She responded to my question with a smile / a nod.
She responded to my letter by phoning me / with a phone call.
13. _ be concerned /kənsɜːnd/
with
: be about sth

Ex: Tonight’s programme is concerned with the effects of the law on ordinary
people.
_ be concerned
in
: be involved in (có dính líu đến)
Ex: She was concerned in a drug case 3 years ago.

_ be concerned
about
: be worried or anxious about
Ex: They’re concerned about the increasing number of lorry hijackings.
14. maintain (n) : to keep sth at the same level or standard
15. confide (v) /kənfaɪd/ sth
to
sb : to tell a secret to sb, while trusting them not
to tell others (kể, giãi bày)
Ex: She confided all her troubles to me.
She didn’t confide her love to anyone even her mother.
_ confide
in
sb : to trust sb enough to tell a secret to them
Ex: There is no one here I can confide in.
16. partnership of equals :
17. reject(v) /rɪ dʒekt/ : to refuse to accept sb/sth (không chấp thuận,
bác bỏ, loại bỏ)
Ex: After the transplant, his body rejected the new heart.
18. sacrifice(v) /

sækrɪfaɪs/ sth
to/for
sth : to give up sth voluntarily_hy sinh (cái gì để
đổi lấy một cái khác)
Ex: The designers of the car have sacrificed comfort to economy.
There lie soldiers who sacrificed their lives during the fight for independence.
_ sacrifice (n) : sự hy sinh; vật hy sinh; sự tế lễ; vật hiến
tế
19. oblige(v) /əblaɪdʒ/ : to force or require

Ex: The law obliges parents to send their children to school.
_ obliged
to
sb
for
sth/doing sth : grateful
to
sb
for
sth
Ex: I’m much obliged to you for helping me.
20. record(n) /rekɔːd/ : facts, events known about the past of sb/sth
(hồ sơ)
_ record (v) /rɪkɔːd/ : ghi lại, ghi chép
Unit 3 :
Unit 4 : WAYS OF SOCIALISING
VOCABULARY:
1 . schooling (n) : education at school
Ex:

Jack didn't receive much formal schooling.
_ to school (v) : to train a person or animal to do something.
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TRANPHU HIGH SCHOOL VOCABULARY NGOCSON, NGUYEN
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Ex: It takes a lot of patience to school a dog/horse.
You must school yourself in patience/to be patient.
2 . parallel (adj) /pærəlel/ : tương đương, tương tự, giống với, ngang
hàng, song song
Ex: Parallel experiments are being conducted in Rome, Paris and London.

_ parallel (n) : đường song song, người tương đương, vật
tương đương, sự tương đương
Ex: I'm trying to see if there are any obvious parallels between the two cases.

_ parallel (v) :
a.
to be similar to sth (song song với; giống
với)
Ex: The events of the last ten days in some ways parallel those before the 1978
election.
:
b.
to equal
3 . compulsory (adj) /kəmpʌlsəri / : required by law (cưỡng bách)
( = mandatory /mændətəri/)
Ex: Swimming was compulsory at my school.
Wearing seat belts in cars is compulsory by law.
_ compulsion (n)

/kəmpʌlʃn/ : sự cưỡng bách
Ex: I refuse to act under compulsion.
4 . academic (adj)

/ækə demɪk/ : theoretical and not related to practical effects
in real life. (thuộc về học thuật, chỉ có giá trị
lý thuyết)
Ex: a purely academic argument/question.
_ academic (n)

: someone who teaches at a college, or who

studies as part of their job.
_ academy
(N)
: học viện
Ex: a military / police academy.
the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art.
5 . category
(N)
/

kætəgəri/ : (in a system for dividing things according to
appearance, quality, etc.) a type, or a group
of things having some features that are the
same. (loại, hạng, phạm trù)
Ex: There are three categories of accommodation - standard, executive and deluxe.
_ categorize (v) /

kætəgəraɪz/ : to put people or things into groups with the
same features. (đặt cái gì vào 1 phạm trù)
Ex: The books are categorized into beginner and advanced.
I would categorize this as a very early example of Tudor art.
_ categorical (adj) /

kætə gɒrɪkl/: without any doubt or possibility of being
changed; certain. (dứt khoát, quả quyết)
Ex: a categorica l statement / reply / denial / refusal.
6 . to educate (v)

/

edʒukeɪt/ :
a.
to teach sb over a period of time at a
school, university
EX: He was educated at his local comprehensive school and then at Oxford.
Parents should educate their children to behave well.
:
b.
(~ sb
in
/
on
sth) to teach sb about sth or
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TRANPHU HIGH SCHOOL VOCABULARY NGOCSON, NGUYEN
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how to do sth
EX: Children need to be educated on the dangers of drug-taking.

Public should be educated in how to use electricity effectively.
_ educated (adj)

/

edʒukeɪtɪd/ : đã được đào tạo giáo dục.
Ex: He is an educated and articulate /ɑːtɪkjuleɪt/ (có khả năng ăn nói lưu loát)
man.
_ education (n)

/edʒukeɪʃn/

_ educator (n) /edʒukeɪtə(r)/ : người làm công tác giáo dục (nhất là chuyên
nghiệp)
_ educationist (n) /edʒukeɪʃnIst / : chuyên gia về giáo dục.
Ex: A child receives its early education at home.
_ educational(ly) (adj) /edʒukeɪʃənl/:
Ex: Have you got anything more educational?
7 . curriculum (n) /kərɪkjələm/ : all the subjects taught in a school.
Ex: Is German on your school’s curriculum?
_ Plural form:
curricula
or
curriculums
8 . history (n) /’histri/:
_ historic (adj) /hɪstɒrɪk/ : famous or important in history.
Ex: The opening of the Berlin Wall was a historic occasion.
_ historical (adj) /hɪstɒrɪkl/ :
a.
connected with history or the study of
history.
Ex: There is very little historical evidence about the life of Christ.
:
b.
that really lived or happened.
Ex: Was Robin Hood really a historical figure?
_ historian (n) /hɪstɔːriən/ : a person who studies history.
UNIT 5: HIGHER EDUCATION
VOCABULARY:
1 . campus (n) /'kæmpəs/ : the area of land where the main building of
the college or university are.
2 . explain

to
sb (v) /ɪkspleɪn/ : giải thích
Ex: The manager explained to the customers why the goods were late.
_ explanation (n) /ekspləneɪʃn/ : lời, sự giải thích
Ex: That idea needs some explanation.
He could not give a satisfactory explanation for his behaviour.
I can think of no other explanation for his absence.
_ explanatory (adj) /ɪksplænətri/ : giving an explanation.
Ex: There are some explnatory notes at the back of the book.
_ explicable (adj) /ɪksplɪkəbl; eksplɪkəbl/: (formal_usually used about people’s
behaviour) that can be explained.
(≠ inexplicable)
Ex: His behaviour is explicable in the light of (= considering sth) his recent illness.
3 . roomate
(N)
_ roomful(N) : a number of people or things a room will
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TRANPHU HIGH SCHOOL VOCABULARY NGOCSON, NGUYEN
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hold.
Ex: I was shown into a roomful of strangers.
Well! He has a whole roomful of antiques.
He announced his resignation to a roomful of reporters.
_ roomy (adj) : having plenty of space _
a surprisingly roomy
car.
4 . existence (n) /ɪgzɪstəns/ :
a.
the state or fact of existing.
Ex: Do you believe in the existence of ghosts?

This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence.
When did the world come into existence (ie begin to exist)?
:
b.
a way of living; life.
Ex: They lead a miserable existence in a tiny flat in London.
_ existing (adj) /ɪgzɪstɪŋ/ : (only before a noun) present.
Ex: No changes need to be made to the existing rules.
Under the existing law you are not allowed to work in this country.
_ exist (v) /ɪgzɪst/ : to be real or actual; to be found; to live.
Ex: These are the laws that have existed for hundreds of years.
This plant only exists in Australia.
Without conservation many species would cease to exist.
_ exist on sth : to manage to live.
Ex: I don’t knoe how she exists on the wage she earns.
5 . lonely (adj) /ləʊnli/ :
a.
unhappy b/c you are not with other people.
(cô đơn, cô độc, bơ vơ)
:
b.
(only before a noun) far from other people
and places where people live. (vắng vẻ, hiu
quạnh)
Ex: a lonely house on the hill.
_ lone (adj) /ləʊn/ : (only before a noun) without any other people;
alone. (bơ vơ, cô độc)
Ex: a lone swimmer on the beach.
6 . fight sth
back

/
down
: to suppress feelings, to prevent one’s feelings
from being expressed. (đè, nén cảm xúc)
7 . blame sb
for
sth / sth
on
sb (v) : đổ lỗi, quy trách nhiệm
Ex: He blamed the doctors for the death of his wife.
8 . daunting (adj) /ˈdɔːntɪŋ/ : discouraging, frightening or worrying (làm thoái
chí, làm nản chí, làm lo lắng)
_ daunt

(v) /ˈdɔːnt / : (usu. Passive) to discourage or frighten or worry
sb.
Ex: I was rather daunted by the sudden resposibility.
9 . scary (adj) /skeəri/ : (informal) frightening. _ A scary ghost story.
_ scared (
of
+ N/V.ing/to_v) : frightened.
Ex: I’m scared of snake.
That little boy never goes out alone b/c he’s ccared of being made fun of.
_ scare(V) /skeəri/ sb stiff : make sb feel extremely frightened.
10. challenge /tʃæləndʒ/ sb to sth/to do sth : to invite sb to fight, play, argue . . . against
you.
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TRANPHU HIGH SCHOOL VOCABULARY NGOCSON, NGUYEN
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Ex: They’ve challenged us to a football match this Saturday.

She challenged the newspaper to prove its story.

She hates anyone challenging her authority.
_ challenging (adj) : offering problems that test sb’s ability (thử thách,
thách thức).
11. thoroughly (adv)

/θʌrəli/ : completely; very; very much.
Ex: We thoroughly enjoyed our holiday.
_ thorough (adj)
/
/θʌrə/ :
a.
careful and complete.
Ex: The police made a thorough search of the house.
:
b.
doing things in a very careful way.
Ex: She’s slow but she’s very thorough.
12. take part in : participate in = join
13. create (v)

/kri:’eit/ : to cause sth to exist.
_ creation (n)

/krieɪʃn/ : the action or process of creating sth. (hành động
sáng tạo)
_ creativity (n)

/kri:ei'tiviti/ : sáng tạo, óc sáng tạo

UNIT 6 : FUTURE JOBS
VOCABULARY:
1 . to stress : to emphasize
_ stress (n) : pressure, tension or worry resulting from
problems in one’s life. (sự căng thẳng; tâm trạng
căng thẳng)
Ex: In times of stress, she finds music a great relaxation.
_ stressful (adj) /stresfl/ : causing stress. (gây ra căng thẳng)
Ex: she finds her new teaching job really stressful.
_ stressed (out) (adj) [not before noun] : too anxious and tired to be able to relax
Ex: She has a heavy workload at the moment and is very stressed (out).
2 . to impress sb
with
sth : to have a favourable effect on sb. (gây ấn tượng)
Ex: We were greatly/most impressed with/by the quality of his work.
He impressed her with his sincerity.
_ to impress sth/itself
on
/
upon
sth : to fix sth in sb’s mind; to make sb very aware of
sth. (ghi sâu vào, khắc sâu vào, in sâu vào)
Ex: His words impressed themselves on my memory.
She impressed on her staff the importance of keeping accurate records.
_ to impress sth
in
/
on
sth : đóng, in (dấu lên cái gì); đóng dấu vào, in dấu
vào (cái gì)

_ impression
on
sb (n) /ɪmpreʃn/ : ấn tượng đối với ai
Ex: His first speech as president made a strong impression on his audience.
_ impression
of
+ N/V.ing/that_clause : ấn tượng về
Ex: What were your first impressions of the new headmaster?
He gives the impression of being a hard worker.
I got the distinct impression that I was being followed.
3 . vacancy
for
sb/sth (n) /veɪkənsi/ : an available job or position.
Ex: We have vacancies for secretaries with word-processing experience.
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TRANPHU HIGH SCHOOL VOCABULARY NGOCSON, NGUYEN
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4 . jot down (v) /dʒɒt/ : note down (write sth down quickly and briefly)
5 . enthusiasm
for
(n)/ɪnθju:ziæzəm/ : a strong feeling of eagerness or interest.
Ex: Jan showed great enthusiasm for the new project.
I can’t say I share your enthusiasm for the idea.
_ enthusiastic
about
(adj) /ɪnθju:ziæstɪk/: full of enthusiasm. (hăng hái, nhiệt tình; say
mê)
EX: You don’t sound very enthusiastic about the idea.
6 . keen
on

(adj) : interested in sb/sth; fond of sb/sth. (ham thích,
say mê)
Ex: She’s very keen on playing tennis.
_ keen to do sth/that+clause/on sth : eager, enthusiastic. (sôi nổi, nhiệt tình, say mê,
thiết tha)
Ex: She’s keen that we should go with her to Spain.
Her parents weren’t keen on her travelling alone.
_ keen (of feeling) : intense, strong, deep (mãnh liệt, mạnh mẽ,
sâu sắc)
Ex: Children have a keen desire to overcome problems.
_ keenness (n) : eagerness.
7 . disappointed (
at
/
about
sth) / (
in
/
with
sb)
8 . comment on sth (v) /kɒment/ : to give one’s opinion. (bình luận)
Ex: Several people commented on how lovely the garden looked.
Asked about the date of the election, the Prime Minister commented that no
decision had yet been made.
_ commentary

(n) /kɒməntri/ : a spoken description of an event on the radio or
television that is broadcast as the event happens
Ex: Our reporter will give a live commentary on the election results as they are
pronounced.

9 . account (n) : a report or description of an event. (bản báo cáo,
bản mô tả)
10. shortcoming (n_usu. Pl) : a fault,eg. in sb’s character, a plan, or a
system.(= a defect) (khuyết điểm, thiếu sót, lỗi)
EX: She made me aware of my own shortcomings.
Despite a number of shortcomings, the project will still go ahead.
11. imagine (v) /ɪmædʒɪn/ :
a.
to form a picture in your mind of what sth
might be like. (tưởng tượng, hình dung)
Ex: I can’t imagine living anywhere but England.
Close your eyes and imagine (that) you are in a forest.
: b. to believe sth that is not true. (tưởng rằng,
ngỡ rằng, cho rằng)
EX: He’s always imagining (that) we’re talking about him behind his back.
There’s nobody there. You’re imagining things.
_ imagination (n) /ɪmædʒɪneɪʃn/ : the ability to create pictures in your mind
EX:
He’s got no imagination.
It doesn’t take much imagination to guess what she meant.
I won’t tell you his reaction—I’ll leave that to your imagination.
_ imaginative (adj) /ɪmædʒɪnətɪv/ : having or showing imagination. (giàu tưởng
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TRANPHU HIGH SCHOOL VOCABULARY NGOCSON, NGUYEN
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tượng)
_ imaginary (adj)

/ɪmædʒɪnəri/ : not real.
Ex: The story is wholly imaginary.

_ imaginable (adj) /ɪmædʒɪnəbl/: that can be imagined.
Ex: We had the greatest difficulty imaginable getting here.
12. irrigate (v) /ɪrɪgeɪt/ : to supply water to an area of land through pipes
or channels so that crops will grow
_ irrigation (n)
Ex: Irrigation has greatly increased the area of cultivable /kʌltɪvəbl/ (of land_that can
be used to grow crops) land.
13. rewarding (adj) : worth doing, sastifying. (thoả mãn)
Ex: Teaching is not very rewarding financially.
14. fascinating (adj) /fæsɪneɪtɪŋ/ : having great attraction or charm (hấp dẫn, lôi
cuốn, quyến rũ)
Ex: Your journey sounds absolutely fascinating.
Unit 7 : ECONOMIC REFORMS
Vocabulary
1 . reform (v) [ri'f:m] : to improve a system, an organization, a law, etc.
by making changes to it.
_ reform (n) : change that is made to a social system, an
organization, etc. in order to improve or correct it
(sự sửa đổi; sự cải cách)
2 . economic (adj) /i:kənɒmɪk/ : a. of the science of economics (về kinh tế chính
trị hay về nền kinh tế)
EX:
economic growth / the government's economic policy / economic sanctions (sự
trừng phạt kinh tế)
: b. producing enough profit to continue
(=profitable)
Ex: It's not always economic for buses to run on Sundays.
_ economy (n) /ɪkɒnəmi/ : management of resources (i.e. money, goods,
etc.) (nền kinh tế, sự tiết kiệm))
Ex: It’s an economy to buy good shoes: They cost more, but they last much longer

than cheap ones.
_ to practise economy: thực hành tiết kiệm
_ economical (adj) /i:kənɒmɪkl : careful not to waste money (= thrifty, saving,
frugal)
Ex: She's economical with/in her use of salt when cooking.
_ economize (v) /ɪ kɒnəmaɪz/ : save; cut back, be thrifty
Ex: Our electricity bills are higher than we can afford - we must start to economize on
electricity.
3 . promote (v) /prəməʊt/ :
a.
to help sth to happen or develop
(= encourage) (xúc tiến, đẩy mạnh)
EX: policies to promote economic growth.
This organization works to promote friendship between nations.
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TRANPHU HIGH SCHOOL VOCABULARY NGOCSON, NGUYEN
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:
b.
~ sb
from
sth /
to
sth [often passive] to move
sb to a higher rank or more senior job (thăng
chức; thăng cấp)
EX: She worked hard and was soon promoted.
He has been promoted to sergeant.

His assistant was promoted over his head.

4 . initiate (v) /i'ni∫ieit/ : begin, commence
5 . overall (adj) /əʊvərɔːl/ : comprehensive; extensive (toàn bộ; toàn thể;
toàn diện)
— (adv) : in general, generally
6 . renovation (n) /,renə'vei∫n/ : act of repairing, renewal [ri'nju:əl] (sự đổi mới)
_ renovate (v) /'renəveit/ : to restore to a former better state (as by
cleaning, repairing, or rebuilding) (nâng cấp, cải
tiến, đổi mới, sửa chữa lại, khôi phục lại
7 . restructure /ri:strʌktʃə(r)/ : rebuild, reestablish, reorganize (cơ cấu lại; tổ
chức lại; sắp xếp lại)
8 . dominate (v) /dɒmɪneɪt/ : át hẳn, trội hơn, chiếm ưu thế; có ảnh hưởng lớn,
chi phối; thống trị (to dominate over a people)
9 . lead (v) /li:d/ : live in a certain way
10. stagnant (adj) /'stægnənt/ : not advancing or developing; still, not moving or
flowing (about water) (trì trệ, ứ, tù, đọng)
11. sector (n) /'sektə/ : bộ phận hoặc lĩnh vực nào đó trong nền kinh tế
của một quốc gia; khu vực
12. eliminate (v) /i'limineit/ : remove, get rid of
Ex: a policy that would eliminate inflation
13. subsidy
(N)
/sʌbsədi/ : money that is paid by a government or an
organization to reduce the costs of services or of
producing goods so that their prices can be kept
low (tiền trợ cấp)
_ subsidize (v) / sʌbsɪdaɪz/ : provide financial assistance (also subsidise)
_ subsidization /ˌsʌbsɪdaɪˈzeɪʃn/ : sự trợ cấp
14. shift sth
from
...

to
... (v) : exchange, replace
15. Priority (n) /praɪ ɒrəti/ : sự ưu tiên; sự ưu thế
Ex: The Government gave (top) priority to reforming the legal system.
The search for a new vaccine took priority over all other medical research.
Vehicles coming from the right have priority.
16. Namely (adv) : that is to say
Ex: Only one student passes his examination, namely AN.
He has three children, namely A, B and C.
17. reduce (v) : lessen, diminish, decrease (giảm, giảm bớt, hạ;
làm gầy đi, làm yếu đi)
18. intervention (n) /,intə'ven∫n/ : interference (sự can thiệp, sự xen vào)
_ intervene (v) / ɪntəvi:n/
in
sth :
a.
to become involved in a situation in order to
improve or help it (xen vào, can thiệp)
EX: The President intervened personally in the crisis.
She might have been killed if the neighbours hadn’t intervened.
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TRANPHU HIGH SCHOOL VOCABULARY NGOCSON, NGUYEN
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: b. to interrupt sb when they are speaking in order
to say sth (ngắt lời)
EX: ‘But,’ she intervened, ‘what about the others?’
19. domestic (adj) /də'mestik/ : of or relating to the household or family; relating
to the internal affairs of a country
Ex: domestic bliss/unrest/upheavals (hạnh phúc gia đình/tình trạng bất an/những biến
động trong gia đình)

20. invest
in
sth
/ with
sb (v) : expend money or effort for future benefits (đầu
tư)
Ex: He invested £18 million in a cotton mill.
_ to invest sth
in
sth/doing sth : dành (thời gian, nỗ lực...) cho một nhiệm vụ nào
đó
Ex: You should invest all your time and efforts in passing the GCSE exam.
_ to invest sb
with
sth/
as
sth : phong cấp bậc, chức vụ hoặc trao quyền cho ai
Ex: The governor has been invested with full authority to act.
Prince Charles was invested as Prince of Wales in 1969.
_ investment (n) : sự đầu tư
21. subsequent (adj) /sʌbsɪkwənt/ : happening or coming after sth else; succeeding,
(≠ previous) following (đến sau, theo sau, xảy ra sau)
Ex: Subsequent events disproved his predictions.
22. reaffirm (v) /ri:ə fɜːm/ : affirm again, reconfirm (xác nhận một lần nữa)
_ reaffirmation (v) /ri:,æfə:'mei∫n/ : sự xác nhận một lần nữa
23. commitment /kəmɪtmənt/
to
sb/sth : a. a promise to do sth (lời cam kết)
: b. the willingness to work hard and give your
energy and time to a job or an activity (sự tận

tụy; sự tận tâm)
Ex: A career as an actor requires one hundred per cent commitment.
_ commit (v) /kəmɪt/ sb/yourself
to
sth/
to doing
sth [often passive] : to promise sincerely
that you will definitely do sth, keep to an
agreement or arrangement, etc. (cam kết)
Ex: The President is committed to reforming health care.
Borrowers should think carefully before committing themselves to taking out a loan.
24. administrative (adj) /ədmɪnɪstrətɪv/ : thuộc về hoặc dính dáng tới việc quản lý các việc
dân sự hoặc kinh doanh; hành chính
_ administration (n) /ədmɪnɪstreɪʃn/ : sự quản lý; sự quản trị; sự thi hành; sự ban cấp
EX:
to be responsible for the administration of justice, the law, an oath.
25. guideline (n) /gaɪdlaɪn/ : rules or instructions that are given by an official
organization (nguyên tắc chỉ đạo, đường lối chỉ
đạo để vạch ra chính sách...)
Ex: The government has drawn up guidelines on the treatment of the mentally ill.
26. adopt (v) /ədɒpt/ : a. to formally accept a suggestion or policy by
voting (chấp nhận, thông qua)
Ex: The council is expected to adopt the new policy at its next meeting.
: b. to take another person's child into your own
family and legally raise him or her as your own
child
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TRANPHU HIGH SCHOOL VOCABULARY NGOCSON, NGUYEN
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EX:

They've adopted a baby girl.
They have no children of their own, but they're hoping to adopt.
_ adopted (adj) /ədɒptɪd/ :
EX: They've got two adopted children and one of their own.
27. ground
for
sth/
for
doing sth

/usu. pl./ : a good or true reason for saying, doing or
believing sth (lý lẽ, lý do, nguyên cớ)
Ex: You have no grounds for complaint.
What were his grounds for wanting a divorce?
28. dissolve (v) /dɪzɒlv/ : to officially end a marriage, business agreement
or parliament (giải tán, giải thể nghị viện, quốc
hội, công ty…. )
Ex: The election was announced and parliament was dissolved.
_ dissolution (n) /dɪsəlu:ʃn/ : a. the act of officially ending a marriage, a
business an agreement, or a parliament
: b. the process in which sth gradually disappears
(sự tan rã, sự phân huỷ, sự tan biến, sự biến
mất, sự phân hủy)
EX: the dissolution of barriers of class and race
29. co-operate (v) /kəʊ ɒpəreɪt/

_ co-operate
with
sb/
in

/
on
sth : to work together with sb else in order to achieve
sth
EX: The two groups agreed to cooperate with each other.
They had cooperated closely in the planning of the project.
_ co-operative /kəʊ ɒpərətɪv/ : a. (adj) thuộc hợp tác xã
: b. (n) hợp tác xã
EX: Cooperative activity is essential to effective community work.
There used to be agricultural co-operatives in our country.
_ co-operation (n) /kəʊ ɒpəreɪʃn/
with
sb
in
doing sth /
between
A
and
B
EX: We would like to see closer cooperation between parents and schools.
The police asked the public for their cooperation in the investigation.
_ in cooperation with
30. substantial (adj) /səbstænʃl/ : large in amount, value or importance
(= significant) (lớn lao; đáng kể; quan trọng;
trọng yếu)
EX: There are substantial differences between the two groups. Their share of the
software market is substantial.
31. productivity (n) /prɒdʌktɪvəti/ : năng suất
32. ethnic /eθnɪk/ minority /maɪnɒrəti/ : tộc người thiểu số
Unit 8 : LIFE IN THE FUTURE

Vocabulary:
1. pessimistic (adj) /pesɪmɪstɪk/ : expecting bad things to happen or sth not to be
successful. (bi quan)
Ex: They appeared surprisingly pessimistic about their chances of winning.
_ pessimist (n) /pesɪmɪst/ : a person who always expects bad things to
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