REPORTED A.Thì của các động từ trong lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên tắc chung là lùi về quá khứ

A. Thì của các động từ trong lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên tắc chung là lùi về quá khứ
Câu trực tiếp

Câu gián tiếp

Hiện tại đơn

-> Quá khứ đơn

Hiện tại tiếp diễn

-> Quá khứ tiếp diễn

Hiện tại hoàn thành

-> Quá khứ hoàn thành

Quá khứ đơn

-> Quá khứ hoàn thành

Quá khứ tiếp diễn

-> Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Tương lai đơn: will/ shall

-> would/ should

Tương lai gần: be going to

-> was/were going to

B. Thay đổi một số động từ khuyết thiếu:

Trực tiếp

Gián tiếp

can

could

will

would

shall

should

must

had to/must

may

might


C.Các đại từ nhân xưng và đại sở hữu khi chuyển từ lời nóitr ực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi như bảng

sau:

Đại từ

Câu trực tiếp

Đại từ nhân xưng I

Đại từ sở hữu

Đại từ chỉ định

Câu gián tiếp
he/she

we

they

you

they/I/he/her

me

him/her

us

them

you

them/me/him/her

my

her/his

our

their

your

them/my/his/her

mine

his/hers

ours

theirs

yours

theirs/mine/his/hers

this

that

these

those


D. Các trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn, thời gian:
Trực tiếp

Gián tiếp

Here

There

Now

Then

Today

That day

Ago

Before

Tomorrow

The next day / the following day

The day after tomorrow

In two day’s time / two days after

Yesterday

The day before / the previous day

The day before yesterday

Two day before

Next week

The following week

Last week

The previous week / the week before

Last year

The previous year / the year before

CÂU PHÁT BIỂU : S + SAID THAT/TOLD THAT + S + VHẠTHÌ + ..... ( BIẾN ĐỔI THỜI GIAN )
VD: She said “My father is travelling in America”. -> She said that her father was travelling in America.
1. Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock”

2. Thu said “All the students will have a meeting next week”


3. Phong said “My parents are very proud of my good marks”
4. The teacher said “All the homework must be done carefully”
5. Her father said to her “You can go to the movie with your friend”
6. Hoa said “I may visit my parents in the summer”
7. The teacher said “We can collect old book for the poor students”
8. She said “She doesn’t buy this book”

CÂU MỆNH LỆNH: S + TOLD/ASKED +O + ( NOT ) + TO + VO
VD:

She said to me “close the door!” -> She asked me to close the door.

1. She said to him: “Give me another glass of wine”.
2. She said to me: “Bring me a book”.
3. Mother said to him: “Open the window please!”.
4. He said to me: “Shut the door after you”.
5. The captain said to them: “Wait here still I come back”.

CÂU HỎI : S + ASKED ( + SB) + IF/WHETHER + S + VHẠTHI
WH-/HOW
Vd: She said “Do you want to go with me?”-> She asked if/whether I wanted to go with her.
Vd: He asked “what time will you come?”-> He asked what time I would come.
=> Nếu có các từ ( what, which, why,.... how) thì giữ nguyên. Còn nếu à trợ động từ do, does thì mượn
if/whether
1. “How much does this dress cost?” Lan asked Lien
2. Ba asked Tam “How often do you wash your clothes?”
3. “Do you enjoy reading?” Phong asked Peter

4. “When will your father leave Vietnam for the USA?” Phong asked Thu
5. “Does she like sports?” Hoa asked Lan
6. “How many people are there in your family?” She asked Lan
7. “Do your sister and brother go to the same school?” She asked Nam
8. Tam’s friend asked him “How long will you stay in England?”
9. “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom
10. “Will it rain tomorrow morning?” He asked his friend