Kỹ năng tổ chức sự kiện của sinh viên ngành du lịch tt tiếng anh

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING
HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION


DUONG DINH BAC

EVENT PLANNING SKILLS
OF THE TOURISM STUDENTS

MAJOR: PSYCHOLOGY
Code: 9310401

SUMMARY OF PHD DISSERTATION IN PSYCHOLOGY

HANOI - 2019


The dissertation is completed at:
Hanoi National University of Education
---------------------Scientific supervisors: Assoc. Prof. PhD. Phan Trong Ngo
Assoc. Prof. PhD. Le Mimh Nguyet
Reviewer 1: Assoc. Prof. PhD. Nguyen Hoi Loan Hanoi Social Sciences and Humanities - Hanoi National
University
Phản biện 2: Assoc. Prof. PhD. Tran Thi Minh Hang National Institute of Education Management
Phản biện 3: Assoc. Prof. PhD. La Thi Thu Thuy Institute of Psychology - Vietnam Academy of Social
Sciences
The dissertation will be defended in front of the University Dissertation
Examiner Council at Hanoi National University of Education
at …….….., on .......... November, 2019

It is possible to learn about the dissertation at:

National Library, Library of Hanoi National University of Education


LIST OF PUBLISHED WORKS

SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES

1. Duong Dinh Bac (2018), The current status of event planning skills of the tourism
students with major of tour guide, Journal of Education, Vol.2/May 2018, p.312-316
2. Duong Dinh Bac (2018), The factors influencing event planning skills of the
students with major of tour guide, Journal of Social Psychology, No. 10, p.59-67



1

PREFACE
1. Rationale

Tourism is the activity that is associate with many events. Although lots of
events are not the tourism products, they have become one of these impressive
fearture that attract tourists to visit tourism destinations and are exploited in terms of
serving the tourism activities. The effectiveness of the tourism event determine not
only the quality of the tours but the prestige of the tourism companies that bring back
a wide range of benefit for stakeholders, especially in enhancing the atractiveness for
these tours and make the tourists satisfy with their journeys. Therefore, it is necessary
for ensuring the success in planning the events during the tours and it is a key factor
in forming the brand image, increasing the speed of market penetration, increasing
revenue and overcoming the seasonality in fields of tourism activities.
Event planning skills for tourism students are very important for professional

activities as tour guides later. They need to plan and organize attractive events for
visitors in order to make the tour successful. In Vietnam today, there are limitation in
terms of tourism event planning, most of them only focus on teaching the form of
events without focusing on equipping knowledge, practicing the fundamental skills as
well as providing the event-based teaching methods for students. This research
contributes to solving difficulties in the process of forming tourism event planning
skills - one of the important occupational skills to help tourism students assert
themselves and achieve success in their career after graduation.
From the perspective of psychological science, event planning skills are the
basic skills in professional activities of tour guides. Based on the above reasons, the
topic "Event planning skills of the tourism students" was selected for PhD research.
2. Research aims
Determine the current level of the event planning skills, the factors that affect
the event planning skills of the students of tour guiding major nowaday. By doing so,
the suitable solutions are proposed in order to gain new quality in terms of event
planning which satisfy the tourism requirements.
3. Research tasks
- An overview of research on event organization, event planning skills;


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- Defining the theoretical framework for event planning and event planning
skills; Clarify the factors that affect the skills.
- Survey on the status of event planning skills of students in the field of
Tourism and the factors that affect the actual status of event planning skills of
students in the field of tourism.
- Proposing and experimenting with some impact measures to contribute to the
formation and development of event planning skills of tour guiding.
4. Subjects of the research

Manifestation and level of tourism event planning skill of tourism students.
5. Scientific hypothesis
The process of training and researching shows that tourism students have
gained the medium level of event planning due to the impact of knowledge and
personal characteristics. Therefore, the event planning skills of students are unstable
and not yet proficient, in which the skills of studying psychological on tourists'
characteristics, needs and ideas of event are stillat the low level. It is possible to use a
number of training methods such as increasing the amount of knowledge about
tourists' psychology, systematizing the knowledge of event planning as well as
confidence of student in operating the tour, improving the quality of training methods
of lecturers that lead to improve the event planning skills for students, thereby
contributing to improving the quality of tour guide training in universities today.
6. Research scope
6.1. Scope of content: Study the basic skill groups in the event planning of
tourism students, including: Study psychological characteristics, needs and ideas of tourists;
Build the event ideas based on the needs of the tourists; Event planning skills based on the
event idea; Organizing and managing activities during the event process; Skills of
summerizing and assessing the process of event implementation.
6.2. Scope of research objects: In fact, there are several majors for tourism
students, such as Tourism, Tourism culture, Tourism management and Hospitality...
Within the scope of the study, we only conducted a survey of the event planning skills
of tourism students at some universities.
7. Research methodology


3

7.1. Approaching methods
7.1.1. Interdisciplinary approach to science, in which Psychology, Tourism
learning is the core

The study of event planning skills is carried out in an interdisciplinary
approach, including Psychology, Education Studies, Travel Studies, Culture Studies,
Sociology, etc., in which History is a science that has a core role.
7.1.2. Operating approach
Researching the situation, identify causes as well as propose measures to
improve the skills of planning events for tourism students must stem from individual
activities and directed to those activities.
7.1.3. System approach
Researching event planning skills must be placed in a complex system,
including the study of elements which have organic relations with them.
7.1.4. Historical and practical approach
Appreciating current state and proposing solutions for improving event
planning skills of tourism students based on the feartures of economy, society, cuture
and edication in Vietnam.
7.1.5. Approach of development
Research on the development of the skills is required to base on the
development of the event planning theory; besides, must be based on the
development of the student activities within the trainning time, and based on the
development of the society.
7.2. Research methodology (introduced in Chapter 2)
8. The contribution of the study
8.1. Theoretical contribution
By building a theoretical framework of event planning in tourism activities, the
thesis shows the elements of event planning skills based on the process, target and
feartures of tourism activities. Research results of the thesis helps analyze and clarify
some basic concepts: event, tourism event, tourism event planning, especially
building a new concept of tourism event planning skills for tourism students in the
process of training.

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8.2. Practical contribution:

The results of the thesis have contributed to

the clarification of the levels of tourism students’ event planning skills, while
showing the influence of subjective and objective factors to the current state of the
skills and proposing feasible solutions to improve the skills of the students.
9. The structure of the thesis: The thesis is organized into 3 chapters:
Chapter 1. Theory background of researching the event planning skills of the
tourism students
Chapter 2. Organizaton and methodology
Chapter 3. Practical research result of tourism event planning skills of tourism
students

Chapter 1 - THEORY BACKGROUND OF RESEARCHING THE EVENT
PLANNING SKILLS OF THE TOURISM STUDENTS
1.1.

Literature review on the research of event planning and event

planning skills
1.1.1. Research on event planning
1.1.1.1. Worldwide research on event planning
* Foreign authors give their views on the event: The event is a phenomenon or
an incident, an event that is unusual, meaningful or satisfying human needs. The event
may be ceremonial (large-scale celebrations of the State) or less ritualistic
(conferences, meetings, birthdays) or not ceremonial like games individuals, families,
collectives ...

* Studies on event planning include some of the following major directions:
- Studies on the characteristics and requirements of the event planning:
Activities of tourism event planning as well as celebration ceremonies are
scientific and artistic, requiring creativity and flexibility, not merely a sequence of jobs.
The festival is the event for people in general and tourists in particular. The issue of
interest is the attractive level of festivals and events as well as the method of festival
management to ensure safety and satisfy the needs of guests and event planners.
- Studies on factors that affecting event planning acitivities:


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Including subjective and objective factors such as the infrastructure tourist
destination-place where events are operated, the competencies and qualities of event
planners ...
1.1.1.2. Research on event planning in Vietnam
* Academic research on event planning:
The Vietnamese authors mentioned the steps of planning event such as making
programe details, estabishing the event budget, planning, operating event, managing
during the time event running ..., the role of event planning. Besides, they also study on
these issues such as: the nature of event activities, event planning based on the
administrative cultural standards, state management, techniques and poitinng out what
event planning need to concern.
* Research on event planning management:
The authors indicated several problems that need to be solved by businesses in
the process of planning event; management of event planning activities, for example,
festival management; how the cutural elements of events toward the local traditional
values; the causes and solutions in terms of raising the efficiency of event
management.
1.1.2. Research on event planning skills

1.1.2.1. Worldwide research on event planning skills
The trend is to study the skills in terms of technical elements: skills are
expressed in three levels when deploying and performing tasks: accurate, complete,
skilled and flexible.
* Technical research on the process of event planning:
The authors stated the steps to plan the event and the coordination process to
plan the professional events, point out the requirements, the steps to prepare for the
planning of events, management and marketing for events in order to achieve high
efficiency, policies for planned events, the methods of implement the plans. The
planning step rewuires creativity factor that makes the event more joyful and lively.
* Research on the event planning skills:


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The authors point out the practical experiences in modern event management,
identifying components and their roles as well as methods of handling incident in the
process of organizing the event.
* Studies on event planning training have shown the basic issues in training
event planning skills for learners:
Event training has not clearly identified and decentralized the skills that need
to be provided to students in the beginning of approaching the issue of event
management. The skills that are evaluated to play the most important role are
personal skills, then social skills and knowledge skills respectively. The authors
debate their views on the event and the steps for implementing the event as well as
the conditions for successful event.
Through the study of scientific works on event planning skills of various
authors in the world, the following issues can be highlighted:
+ The field of events that the authors are interested in is large-scale,
+ Focusing on socio-cultural factors,

+ Requirement of skilled and creative human resourses served for event planning,
+ Training activities on event planning to create basic and specific skills.
1.1.2.2. Vietnamese research on the event planning skills
* Technical research on the process of event planning
The authors raised the basic requirements of event planning skills. It is
necessary to determine the specific nature and content of the steps that are
appropriate for the customers, mentioning some specific skills such as
communication skills, public speaking skills, compiling administrative documents,
skills to organize meetings/seminars/performances. However, it lack of practical
studies to perfect the envent planning skills.
* Research on event planning training activities also mentioned these methods,
requirements, properties and skills of event planning activities such as:
The authors pay much attention to evet planning activities in the fields of trade,
seminars, conferences, social communication, community games, festival or cultural
activities, the customs and habits issues. The authors also made requests for students
to take steps into the activity of planning the event. The research on event planning


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has merely brought about the basic nature of the event as well as the brief techniques
that needed to conduct the event. Events in general and the tourism events in
particular which were researched is merely to served for several large-scale and
social projects or activities without mentioning events that meet the needs of
individuals or groups of tourist in the tour.
1.2. Event planning
1.2.1. Event
1.2.1.1. The concept of event
With the nature of a research topic on planning events aimed at meeting the needs
of people (individuals and groups) in life, the concept of event can be given as follows:

Events are fact and activities that are unusual and meaningful, taking
place in the areas of social life, carried out by individuals or organizations in
order to achieve human goals.
Thus, the event has the following properties:
- Events are fact, incident of an unusual nature, meaningful or satisfying
human needs.
- The events take place highly organized with the coordination of many
departments on a unified idea, a complete program framework and different
organizational scales.
- Events are well-organized with the combination of different elements: idea,
program and event scale.
- Events may occur randomly or intentionally.
1.2.1.2. The feartures of event
- Events are fact or typical activities bring back the meaning or attention of
many people.
- The event is only asserted when it is objective for people.
- Events can happen randomly or intentionally.
- Events can impact positively or negatively on people and society.
1.2.1.3. Classify the events
* From a social perspective, the event is divided into the following groups:
+ Personal events: such as weddings, birthday parties, anniversaries, seminars ...


8

+ Social events: such as big conferences, festivals, community events
* According to the nature of the event, there are 2 types:
+ Random events: are the events, the activities occur unexpectedly
+ Intentional events: the planner performs with the idea beforehand.
* From the purpose of the event: includes the following types of events

Events based on the needs of customers such as: Competitions, Cultural
Exchanges, Entertainments and Arts, Festivals, Fairs, Exhibitions, Fashion Shows,
Personal Celebrations ...
Events based on specialized topic such as: Sightseeing events; Festival events;
Sports events; Events of convalescence and treatment; Events of exchange and
meeting; Tourism events; Economic events; Educational events; Cultural events ...
* From the participants criterion: includes the following types of event:
Events for people in particular working major, or basing on the criteria of
gender and age...
1.2.2. Basic issues on event planning
1.2.2.1. The concept of event planning
The following concept of event planning can be built as:
Event planning is the process inwhich the event planners create the facts or
activities to pose the imprints for satisfying human needs.
1.2.2.2. Characteristics of event planning
- Event planning is a deliberate and planned activity aimed at creating new and
significant events and activities to individuals and society
- Planning events associated with human needs
- Planning events requires the process of organizing and implementing
programs and plans; Prepare essentials facilities.
1.3. Tourism event planning
1.3.1. Tourism activities
1.3.1.1. The concept of tourism
Tourism is defined as the activities of persons traveling out of their residence
for the purpose of visiting, sightseeing, discovery, experience, leisure, entertainment,
religion and participation in events.


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1.3.1.2. The components of the tour
Tours include components such as tourists, travel suppliers, and the context
associated with the tours and the important presence of tourism events.
1.3.2. Tourism event
1.3.2.1. The concept of tourism event: Tourism events are defined as the new and
significant events and activities in the tour under the guidance of tour guides to meet the
needs of tourists.
Thus, tourism events show some of the following issues:
- Tourist events are meaningful and impact on their souls and thoughts
- Tourism events are intentional which are under the business of tour guides
- Tourism events contain these ceremonial characteristics such as conferences,
meetings, birthday parties or non-ceremonial events such as games and team workactivities.
- The tourism events taken place in high well-organized level with the coordination
of different stakeholders of the organization board of the tour.
1.3.2.2. Characteristics of tourism event
- Tourism events are outstanding activities in the tourism process
- Tourism events are objective for visitors.
- Tourism events can happen randomly or intentionally.
- Tourism events have a certain meaning, positively impact on visitors.
1.3.2.3. Classification of tourism events: included
- Group of tourism events based on objective factors that happen randomly in
the tour.
- Group of tourism events built based on the purpose of the tours.
- Group of tourism events built according to the tourists' needs and ideas.
1.3.3. Basic issues on tourism event planning
1.3.3.1. Tourism event concept
Event tourism is the process of the tour guides carrying out specific business
during the tour to create new and significant facts and activities that bring deep and
meaningful impressions to the tourists.
1.3.3.2. Features of tourism event planning

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- It is a deliberate and planned activities
- Based on the needs of visitors
- Require the processes of investigating and understanding the needs as well as
the psychology of tourists.
1.3.3.3. Process of organizing tourism events
Step 1: Study the psychological characteristics, the needs and the ideas of tourists
Step 2: Build the idea of planning tourism events according to the tourists' needs
Step 3: Plan the event according to the event idea
Step 4: Organize and manage activities during the event process
Step 5: Summarize and evaluate event planing activities
1.4. Event planning skills of toursim students
1.4.1. The concept of skill
Skills are the application of existing knowledge and experience that results in a
corresponding activity. The thesis indicates the event planning skills of tourism
students with the criteria of accuracy, flexibility and skilled quality of actions.
1.4.2. The concept of event planning skills
Event planning skills are the application of knowledge, speciality and business
to create new and significant facts and activities that bring deep and meaningful
impressions to event participants.
Dividing groups of event planning skills:
Skills to study psychological characteristics, needs and ideas of event subjects
Skills to build the idea of planning events based on the needs of the event subject
Event planning skills according to event planning ideas
Skills to organize and manage activities during the event process
Summary skills - assessing the process of event implementation
1.4.3. Concept of tourism event planning skill

Tourism event planning skills are the application of knowledge, speciality and
business of tour event planning to create new and significant facts and activities that
bring deep and meaningful impressions to event tourists.
1.4.4. Tourism event planning skills of the tourism students
1.4.4.1. The concept of tourism event planning skills of tourism students


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Tourism event planning skills of the tourism students are the application of
knowledge, speciality and business of tourism students in terms of planning event for
tour to create new and significant facts and activities that bring deep and meaningful
impressions to event tourists.
1.4.4.2. Sub-skills of tourism event planning skills of tourism students:
(1) Groups of skills to study psychological characteristics, needs and ideas of tourists
including:
- Skills to study psychological characteristics of the tourists
- Skills to identify tourists' needs, requirements or goals
- Skills to determine economic conditions and the level of budget for tourists
(2) Group of skills to build the event ideas based on the needs of the tourists including:
- Skills to determine the nature, content and scale of the event
- Skills to identify participants in the event
- Skill to determine event process in tour
- Skill to define the space and venue of the event
- Skills to identify the highlights of the event
- Skills to build event scenarios according to the idea of event planning idea
(3) Group of event planning skills based on the event idea including:
- Skills to catalog the names and prices of supplies and list of relevant human
resources needed
- Skills of systematizing activities will happen in the event

- Planning skills in detail and overall preparation
- Skills to plan the implementation of the event
- Planning skills for supporting jobs in the event
- Planning skills to prepare budget for the event
- Planning skills to handle incidents in the event
- Skills of organizing discussions and collecting opinions/feedbacks
of the involved parties
- Skills of evaluating and completing the overall plan
(4) Group of skills to organize and management activities during the event process
including:


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- Skills of management and overseeing the event area
- Management and supervision skills of event participants
- Skills of managing auxiliary activities
- Skills to identify the list of auxiliary activities for the event and check the
preparation work based on the checklist and coordinate in handling the incidents.
(5) Group of skills to summerize and assess the process of event
implementation including:
- Summary meeting skills
- Skills to make a list of real expenses after the event
- Skills to make a summary report to the leaders
1.4.5. The factors influencing event planning skills of tourism students
1.4.5.1. The self-confidence of tourrism students
Including issues related to self-awareness, be timid or brave, confident, ready
to show-off their abilities ...
1.4.5.2. Knowledge on event planning, including:
Psychology of tourists based on age, gender, occupation and region,

History of festivals, celebrations, ceremonies / rituals of various events,
Identify event parameters to ensure feasibility,
The impact of the event on the tourists,
Technology and skills of using computers.
1.4.5.3. Creative idea in problem-solving
Event products are creative, initiated with ideas instead of machine
stereotyping. Problems must be properly awared of the nature and solved creatively
and flexibly in order to satisfy the highest demands of the tourists in events.
1.4.5.4. The teaching/training methods of lecturers and managers, staffs from
tourism firms.
The teaching staff must be standardized and up to date on knowledge,
professional skills, foreign language skills must be at good level... In addition, there
must be the practical experienced lecturers come from many type of tourism
businesses or companies.
1.4.5.5. Event training program for students aims to help them:


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Creating new activities for tourists in the tour,
Understanding the work, tasks, role of an event planners and working
environment in the field of event planning,
Know the basic items and steps in planing and organizing an event through
basic tool forms,
Be aware of the necessary and auxiliary skills of event management in the tour,
Prepare and perform events in a systematic and effective way.
1.4.5.6. Facilities and equipments for training and planning events
Includes facilities for serving up the organization of training courses such as
gymnasium, stage, hall, internet and accompanying equipment.
CONCLUSION FOR CHAPTER 1

Currently, there is not any study that clearly indicates the level of skills and
factors affecting the event planning skills of tourism student in learning activities.
The event planning skills of tourism students are complex skills with five basic
components: research skills of psychological characteristics, needs, ideas of tourists;
skills to create the idea of organizing the event according to the tourists' needs;
planning skills according to event ideas; skills of organizing and managing activities
during the event; skills of summarizing and evaluating the event. In which, skills to
create the idea of organizing the event according to the tourists' needs and planning
according to the idea of organizing the final event plays the most important role.
Event planning skills of tourism students are influenced by many factors such
as: self-confidence; teacher's teaching methods, knowledge and practical learning
conditions of students.

Chapter 2 - ORGANIZATON AND METHODOLOGY
2.1. Research sites and sample selection
2.1.1. Research sites: includes 5 Universities
Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi Social Sciences and Humanities (Hanoi
National University), Tay Do University, Haiphong University, Hanoi Open University
respectively.


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2.1.2. Sample selection
* Sample for exploration: 150 students (including sophomores, juniors,
seniors) majoring in Tourism from Faculty of Tourism - Hanoi University of Industry.
* Sample for interview: 575 students (including sophomores, juniors, seniors)
* Sample for interview: 18 pairs of lecturers and students
* Sample for observation: 18 students
* Sample for empirical impacting: 62 sophomores with medium and below

avarage level of skills.
2.2. Research contents
2.2.1. Theotical research
Analyzing and synthesing research on students’ event planning inside and
ouside Vietnam.
2.2.2. Practical research
Indicating the current state and level of event planning, analyzing some
subjective and objective factors affecting to event planning skills, practicing some
experimental methods.
2.3. Research process
2.3.1. Theorical research
Preliminary survey is carried out on 150 toursim students of Hanoi University
of Industry.
2.3.2. Practical research
Focus on clarifying the expressions and levels of event planning skills of
tourism students.
2.3.3. Empirical Organization
The empirical group is made in the new method and can join the training coures
to comprehend the knowledge on tourists’psychology as well as on the event planning.
2.4. Research methodology
2.4.1. Document research
Specify the concepts of skill, event, event planning and event planning of
tourism student; the current expression and the factors affecting to the skills of
tourism students.
2.4.2. Observation


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Observe the expressions and levels of event planning skills of the tourism

student travel guides.
2.4.3. Questionnares
Including 6 contents of survey
2.4.4. In-depth interview
Design list of questions before conducting the survey in order to clarify the
future collecting datas; raising question, being a good listener, taking necessary notes
and analyzing useful information.
2.4.5. Empirical method
Empirical method impact on the skill group of tourrism students in studying
the psychological characteristics, needs and tourist ideas
2.4.6. Specialist method
Ask for the requirements of the event planning, the skills needed to collect the
professional feedbacks about the expression of event planning and the factors that
affect the event planning skills of the tourism studens.
2.4.7. Mathematical method of statistics
To identify the event planning skills of tourism students in fact and to
determine the correlation between the factors affecting the event planning skills and
the tourism students’ event planning skills.
2.5. Criteria and rating scales
Based on the medium score and the standard deviation, the basics are gradually
broken down to either side of the medium score (plus or minus one standard deviation).
+ Level 1 - skills at the low level: Not accurate, not skilled and not flexible.
+ Level 2 - skills under the average level: making many errors, less skilled,
less flexible.
+ Level 3 - skills at an average level: Few errors, relatively skilled, relatively
flexible.
+ Level 4 – skills at above average level: Almost no errors, nearly skilled,
nearly flexible.
+ Level 5 - skills at a high level: extra accurate, extra skilled, extra flexible.

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CONCLUSION FOR CHAPTER 2
The research is organized according to a rigorous and scientific process with a
combination of different research methods: document research, questionnaire surveys,
observations, interviews, quizzes, experiments. , data processing methods ... Using
flexibly the research methods help the research results to be complete and accurate on
many aspects: from the awareness of nature and the level of skills to the manifestations
of event planning skills in behavior in practical operations; from the perspective of
individual expression to the overall and general manifestations; from status survey to
practical testing.
The data and information collected in the topic are processed and analyzed
from many angles with multi-dimensional techniques for reliable and scientific
results. Based on the results of quantitative survey with high accuracy, the author has
grounds to confirm and prove the research arguments and find the impact factors and
propose feasible solutions to improve the skills of planning events for tourism
students.
Chapter 3 - PRACTICAL RESEARCH RESULT OF TOURISM EVENT
PLANNING SKILLS OF TOURISM STUDENTS
3.1. Research finding about event planning skills of tourism students
3.1.1. The levels of event planning skills of tourism students
3.1.1.1. General appreciatione for event planning skills of tourism students
Table: Evaluating event planning skills of tourism students
Item.
No

Results
Groups of skills

Most
appearing
Mean

Mean

Standard
deviation

Median

3.41

0.59

3.50

3.50

3.47

0.59

3.50

3.50

3.42

0.55

3.38

3.54

3.49

0.56

3.55

3.44

3.45

0.66

3.50

3.75

Event planing skills
3.44
0.59
3.44
(unskilled: 1 – 2.25; low-level: 2.26 – 2.84; avarage level: 2.85 – 4.03;

3.50

1

2
3
4
5

Study psychological characteristics, needs and
ideas of tourists
Build the event ideas based on the needs of the
tourists
Event planning skills based on the event idea
Management activities during the event
process
Summerize and assess the process of event
implementation

skilled: 4.04 – 4.62; highly- skilled: 4.63 – 5)


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Event organizing skills in general and the group of event planning skills of
tourism students in particular only reached the medium level: few errors, relatively
skilled, relatively flexible (mean 3.44). At this level, students gain some results
through their practise in terms of teacher support but there are still some mistakes.
Skill groups have different level of gaining. Skills groups with higher levels of
remaining skills are skills to organize and manage activities during the event process
(mean 3.49, rank 1). In particular, the skills of research on psychological
characteristics, needs and ideas of tourists are even lower (mean 3.41, rank 5), but
still reach the medium (average) level.
3.1.1.2. The level of event planning skills of tourism students through the

lecturers' case study and assessment of lecturers
The results of the survey showed that the percentage of students who answered
incorrectly was lower than the correct students (44.91% compared to 55.09%). For
the skill group of Studyinging psychological characteristics, needs and ideas of the
tourists has the same rate of wrong and correct answers, but the mean is 3.41- the
lowest compared to the remaining groups. Skill group of organizing and managing
activities during the event process of students has a difference in the accuracy of
answering situations with a significantly high false response rate (42%).
In order to find out the evaluation of the lecturers on the skills of students in
Tourism, we offer the content of the event planning skills and suggest the teachers
evaluate these skills of their students. The results show that lecturers in the evaluation
of students' skills of planning events identify that the students’skills reach the
medium level (mean 3.16). Meanwhile, the skill group with the highest rank is Study
on psychological characteristics, needs and ideas of tourists (mean 3.43), however,
this difference is not significant.
To find out the level of objectivity in the tourism students' self-assessment of
their event planning skills, we compared students' self- assessment with their
teacher's assessment. The comparison results show that lecturers assess their students'
planning skills also reach the average level of 3.16, not much lower than the selfassessment of students.
3.1.2. Current status of event planning skills of tourism students
3.1.2.1. Skill group of Studying psychological characteristics, needs and ideas of tourists


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The research results show that: the group of skills to study psychological
characteristics, needs and ideas of tourists of tourism students only reaches the level
of average (few errors, relatively skilled, relatively flexible) with mean 3.41. At this
level, students can gain results through their practise in terms of teacher support but
still make mistakes.

3.1.2.2. Skill group of Building the event ideas based on the needs of the tourists
The research results show that the group of medium skills of students only
remains at the medium level with the mean 3.47. However, the highlights of the skills
set to build the idea of planning the event are the skills of negotiating and persuading
tourists to unify the event planning scenario (mean 3.45) are at the lowest rank. The
remaining skills are at the medium level and has the similar rank.
3.1.2.3. Group of Event planning skills based on the event idea
The survey results show that students' organization planning skill group only
remain stable at the medium level with mean 3.42. There are some high-ranked skills
such as skill of making a list of responsible participants and the detail tasks with the
mean 3.55, rank 1. Overall, the level of implementation of planning skills of students is
not high. The basic reason is that students are not aware of the importance of planning
activities; besides, there is no method

for planning systematically and logically.

Therefore, in addition to improving the sense of learning in general, it is necessary to
equip students with basic awareness of skills and create conditions for students to
practice skills to make the most effective plan.
3.1.2.4. Skill group of organizing and managing activities during the event process
Survey results show that the skill group of students are not high (mean 3.49);
students achieve skill levels at a medium level. These high-ranked skills can be clearly
seen as: Re-check the event script, the introduction/presentation of the MC in event
(mean 3.68 ranked 1). In general, the level of implementation of event planning and
managing skills of student is still low due to the following basic causes: Students have
not been deeply trained and practise in terms od solving problems/incidents arising in the
event; Students do not have the initiative and flexibility when facing these problems;
The number of students assigned the actual task of this activity is still morderate, most
students only study theory in class.

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3.1.2.5. Skill group of Summerizing and assessing the process of event
implementation
In general, the skill group of summarizing and evaluating events of tourism
students are at the medium level with mean 3.45. There are some high-level skills
shown such as negotiating, persuading, committing and thanking guests with mean
3.65, rank 1. The level of performing the skills of summarizing and assessing of
student is still low. In our opinion, there are some basic reasons such as: Students have
not been deeply trained and pratise on how to assess the issues of the event; Students
do not have the initiative, flexibility and especially the ability to convince tourists; Few
students are assigned actual tasks on this activity, most of them only learn the theory in
class.
3.1.3. Compare the level of event planning skills of tourism students based on
the parameters of GPA, gender and class grade
3.1.3.1. Compare the level of event planning skills of tourism students based on
their GPA
The score GPA under 2.5 is at the average and low learning outcomes; The
score is above 2.5 is a good learning result or more, we see a difference in the level of
event planning skills of 2 groups of students. There are differences in mean between
the student groups. Group of students with average and below average learning
results have skills at a lower skilled level than those with better results, with mean
3.40 compared to mean 3.46 respectively. Although there are differences, basically
the two groups of students only acquire skills at the average level.
3.1.3.2. Compare the level of event planning skills of tourism students based on
their gender
The survey results show that the planning skills of students in tourism major
have a difference between men and women, but the level of attainment of skills is
both at the medium level and the difference is not much (mean 3.45 for men and

mean 3.44 for women). The data shows that the awareness as well as the skill training
process of male and female student is similar, not too gender-dependent.
3.1.3.3. Compare the level of event planning skills of tourism students based on
their class grade


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There is a disparity in skill levels between the sophomores, juniors and seniors but
all are at average levels. The group of students in year 2nd and 3rd who self-assessed to
reach the medium level (mean 3.38), while the group of students in the fourth year who
self-assess also reached below the medium level but higher than the others (mean 3.51).
3.1.3.4. Compare the event planning skills of tourism students based on their
experience in planning events
Event planning skills of tourism students have a difference between experienced
students and non-experienced students in event planning, however, the level of skills
gained is at the average and the difference is not much (the average GPA for the group of
students participated in the event planning is 3.46 and the average for the student group
never participated in the event planning is 3.34).
3.2. Factors influencing event planning skills of tourism students
Analytical results 3 of 6 influencing factors: Student confidence; Teaching
methods of lecturers and tourism company experts; Knowledge of event planning
shows a positive correlation, although the correlation is not large but it is statistically
significant between the above factors and event planning skills of tourism students. In
the impact model of the three factors mentioned above, knowledge of event planning is
the most powerful variable (Beta = 0.266) and the remaining two variables have an
almost equal impact on skills of event planning of tourism students (Beta = 0.243 and
0.240). When developing solutions to enhance and strengthen the event planning skills
of tourism students, attention should be paid to the three variables extracted in the three
factor regression models.

3.3. Experimental results impact on the formation of event planning skills
of tourism students
3.3.1. Solutions to develop event planning skills for tourism students
Lecturers need to apply their students with knowledge and method to study the
psychology of the tourists.
Lecturers need to apply adequate their students with knowledge and actual
situation of event planning
Lecturers create suitable conditions to help their students be more confident.


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3.3.2. The experimental results
Skills in the skill group Studying psychological characteristics, needs and
event planning ideas of the control group and the experimental group before the
experiment is equivalent (GPA is 2.96 and 3.00 respectively).
Comparing the pre- and post-experimental results of the control group, we can
be seen, the score of sub-skills in the skill group of Study the psychological
characteristics, needs and ideas of the event has the tendency to increase from 3.00 to
3.41, but the skill is at the medium level.
After a 1-year study period, the level of skills in studying psychological
characteristics, needs and ideas for planning events of tourists of experimental group
students has changed markedly.
The survey results show that after the experiment, the skill of studying
psychological characteristics, needs and ideas of the tourists of the experimental
group has increased to a higher level than that of the control group: mean 4.10 (nearly
skilled) compared to mean 3.41 (average).
Event planning skills of the experimental group after the experiment process is
much higher than before the experiment both in terms of mean and levels. After the
experiment, the event planning skills of the experimental group increased to a higher

level (above average) (mean 3.21 compared to mean 4.08), in which there were some
skills gained at higher level such as planning skills according to event planning (mean
4.29 – nearly skilled) or skill group of summarizing and evaluating the process of
planning events (mean 4.32 – nearly skilled Since then we can affirm the effectiveness
of the impact method that we have used to have practical implications for the formation
and development of event planning skills for tourism students.
3.3.3. Evaluate the experimental results of impact
The impact measures have brought back the stable effects, experimental and
verifiable experiments that have been conducted equally at both times, but as a result,
the skill level of the experimental group of the students increased. This result confirms
the empirical hypothesis: training event planning skills based on knowledge content,
appropriate teaching methods and training confidence, self-esteem of students in the
process of teaching will contribute to improving the event planning skills for students.