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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

NGUYEN THI HONG DUYEN

STATE MANAGEMENT OVER SOCIAL ASSISTANCESTABLISHMENTS
IN HO CHI MINH CITY

Major: Public management
Code: 9 34 04 03

SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS IN
PUBLIC MANAGEMENT

HaNoi, 2019


The project is completed at:
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Supervisors:
1. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nguyen Van Thu

2. Dr. Bui Thi Thanh Ha

Referee 1: ………………………………………................................
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Referee 2: ……………………………………....................................
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Referee 3: ………………………………………................................
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The thesis will be presented in front of the Academy’s Thesis Evaluation Council
Place: Doctoral thesis presentation room - Meeting room ... ..
Building ……, National Academy of Public Administration. No. 77 - Nguyen Chi Thanh
Street - Dong Da District – Hanoi
Time: at ……… .. day… month…. year ….
The thesis can be found at the National Library of Vietnam or the Library of the National
Academy of Public Administration.


LIST OF WORKS OF THE AUTHOR
I. Article published in Science Journal
1. State management of sponsoring facilities in Ho Chi Minh City, Journal of Ho Chi Minh
City Development Research Institute, issue number 08, 2014.
2. Building and implementing the culture of resignation for officials and public employees
in Vietnam, Journal of Science - Politics, issue number 3, 2014.
3. Effectiveness of legal policies’ implementation for disadvantaged groups in Vietnam,
Journal of State Administration, issue number 7, 2016
4. Regulations of the law on the establishment and dissolution of social protection
establishments in Vietnam at present - Some inadequacies and recommendations, Journal
of Science - Politics, issue number 8, 2016.
5. State management role for social protection establishments - Opportunities and
challenges, Ho Chi Minh City Development Research Institute, issue number 23, 2018.
6. Expanding the network of social protection establishments for vulnerable social groups
in Ho Chi Minh city, Journal of State Administration, issue number 273, 2018.
7. Enhancing the performance of public duties by state management civil servants for
social protection establishments in Ho Chi Minh City to meet the trend of international
integration, Journal of Science - Politics, issue number 9, 2019.
II. Post on memorandum of International Scientific Conference
8. Ensuring food security for ethnic minorities in the Northern mountainous areas

successfully implementing the national sustainable development strategy. The International
Conference organized by the Swiss Maik Research Institute in collaboration with the
National Academy of Public Administration, 2016.
9. Developing database of ethnic policies to contribute to the successful implementation of
sustainable poverty reduction for ethnic groups in the Mekong Delta. National Science and
Technology Program (CTDT/12-20), Memorandum of National Science Conference, 2016.
10. Promoting the operational role of social charity establishments to contribute to
ensuring social order and safety in urban areas in Ho Chi Minh City. Ho Chi Minh City
Development Research Institute, 2017.
11. Assessment of the impact of social protection policies on the effectiveness of care and
nurturing of the elderly in social protection establishments in Ho Chi Minh city.
International Science Conference held at HCMC Development Research Institute in
collaboration with ASCA Japan, 2018.
III. Scientific topics
12. Project manager at grassroots level: State management of social protection activities of
non-public organizations in Ho Chi Minh city, National Academy of
PublicAdministration,2014
13. Participating in ministerial-level project, Code: B15 - 20: “Improving the efficiency of
public-private cooperation in infrastructure construction in Ho Chi Minh city”, Ho Chi
Minh National Academy of Politics and Public Administration, Region II, 2016.
14. Participating in City level project, Registration number: 2019 - 780: “Social assistance
policies for social protection beneficiaries in Ho Chi Minh City”, Ho Chi Minh City
Development Research Institute, 2019.


PREFACE
1. Topic selection reason
Firstly, the context of the world and the country has profound changes, which
impose necessary requirements to build and develop social security models and social
patronage facilities to ensure basic needs of human life.

The world context of the twenty-first century has strong changes affecting all
aspects of social life and people, typically: the trend of international integration opens up
advantages in expanding cooperation, connecting between the nations; The strong impact
of the fourth scientific and technological revolution contributes to the liberation of physical
labour of human beings, but also poses the risk of job loss for the majority of the working
population (including vulnerable social groups); populism, the inter-national migration
trends, ... among continents, ... have been strongly affecting security, economic
development, etc. This context has set countries the necessity to ensure social security,
social justice and human rights issues, etc.
Domestic context, Vietnam is in the renovation period, integrating deeply into the
world and achieving many achievements in socio-economic science-technical, technology
... Therefore, people lives have been improved, the quality of the population has changed
in both quantity and quality, and the national position has been increasingly improved in
the international market. However, the downside of the market economy in the integration
trend has a direct impact on the process of increasing the number and diversification of
vulnerable social groups. Currently, the number of people in need of social assistance
across the country is quite large, accounting for over 20% of the total population, including
8.5 million elderly people, 6.7 million people with disabilities, 1.5 million children with
special circumstances, 9.6% of poor households, 6.57% of near-poor households, more
than 180,000 people infected with HIV discovered, nearly 170,000 drug addicts, more than
15,000 prostitutes; about 30,000 victims of violence and domestic violence; around 2.7
million social protection beneficiaries are eligible for monthly benefits from the state
budget and a number of other groups of people in need of assistance [57, p.1].
Secondly, the active role of social protection establishments in ensuring security of
material and spiritual life for social protection beneficiaries, especially vulnerable social
groups
Ensuring social security is one of the Party’s consistent and thorough orientations
and guidelines in every national socio-economic foundation and development period. Over
70 years (1945 - 2019) formed and developed, Vietnam’s social security system has been
increasingly improved and maximized its role in ensuring the security of material and

spiritual life. The reality has proved that the performance of the social security system in
general and the social protection establishment in particular has a direct impact on the
rapid reduction of the poverty rate from 58% in 1993 to 19% in 2004, bringing over 20
million people out of poverty, and continuing to decrease from 14.2% in 2014 to 9.8% in
2017, to 2017 at only 6.70% [203], [27].
Thirdly, the State management practices for social protection establishments in
Ho Chi Minh City are facing opportunities and challenges: Regarding the advantages
and opportunities, Ho Chi Minh City is one of the central cities of Vietnam, so the city has
a great economic and social influence regionally, internationally ... Therefore, in recent
years, Ho Chi Minh City has shown positive economic events (the city’s economic growth
rate has increased), people’s material and spiritual life is stable and their lives are improved
day by day; public and non-public social protection establishments have been expanded

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and developed, whereby the quality of service provision includes: cultural and medical
education for vulnerable social groups getting better and better, ... Social protection
establishments have contributed to helping vulnerable social groups to stabilize their lives,
create conditions for them to be treated, rehabilitated, educated, vocational training t to
create life, integrate into community.
From these practical reasons, the scientific research on the state management of
sponsoring facilities in general and in Ho Chi Minh City in particular is quite urgent.
Thoroughly researching this issue can provide important and necessary policy solutions for
the effective activities of social welfare establishments that contribute to social security in
order to achieve the Socio-Economic Development Strategy Objectives for the period of
2011-2020 has been set. Along with the passion during working, I chose the research topic
“State management of social protection establishments in Ho Chi Minh City” as my
thesis topic. From the results of this research, the thesis also hopes to contribute a new
approach in the research on state management of social protection establishments.

2. The purpose and task of the thesis research
2.1. Research purposes
On the basis of systematizing the theoretical issues on social protection and state
management of social protection establishments, the topic focuses on clarifying the status
of state management activities for sponsoring establishments in Ho Chi Minh City. Then,
proposing a number of recommendations and solutions to improve the efficiency of State
management, contributing to the successful implementation of the goal of developing a
civilized - modern - loving city of Ho Chi Minh City government.
2.2. Research tasks
For the purpose of the above research, the project implements the following tasks:
1. Summary of domestic and foreign research works related to the topic, inheriting
the results achieved from previous research projects, indicating gaps and main contents of
the project needed further research;
2. Formulating a theoretical framework, clarifying the theoretical basis for state
management of social protection establishments, which clearly indicates the contents of
state management and state management mechanisms for social protection department;
content and role of state management of social protection establishments; summarizing the
experience of a number of localities, from which, drawing lessons learned for state
management subjects in implementing the socio-economic development objectives
associated with ensuring the operational efficiency of the social security, social assistance
system;
3. Investigate and survey actual activities of social protection establishments and
state management of social protection establishments in the city. From there, analyze and
assess the status of state management of social protection establishments in Ho Chi Minh
City; identify and analyze factors affecting the efficiency of state management; point out
the positive aspects, the weaknesses, the objective and subjective analysis of the limitations
and shortcomings in state management of social protection establishments in Ho Chi Minh
City Minh;
4. Propose solutions to improve the efficiency of state management of social
protection establishments in Ho Chi Minh City, contribute to the successful

implementation of the city’s social security goals, aim to ensure security of the material
and spiritual life of vulnerable social groups.

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3. Subject, object, scope of the study
3.1. Research subject
The subject of the thesis is state management of social protection establishments in
Ho Chi Minh City.
3.2. Research object
Officials, civil servants and employees shall carry out the activities of state
management of social protection establishments in the city; individuals and organizations
establish social charity establishments; social employees and staff members directly take
care of, nurture and rehabilitate social protection beneficiaries at the grassroots level.
Individuals benefiting from social assistance policies are being cared for, nurtured,
culturally rehabilitated at social charity establishments in Ho Chi Minh City.
3.3. Research scope
3.3.1. Time range: The thesis topic analyzes existing documents from 2008 to 2018
and conducts field surveys at selected locations from 2015 - 2018. The basis of the thesis
determines the study period. This is the system of legal documents related to the
operational contents of social protection establishments, in particular the establishment of
Decree No. 68/2008/ND-CP; Decree 69/2008/ND-CP; Decree 103/2017/ND-CP, ... this is
the period of time when the network of social protection establishments formed and
developed nationwide.
3.3.3. Scope of space: The thesis conducts research in social protection networks in
Ho Chi Minh City. Specifically in a number of agencies such as: Department of Labour Invalids and Social Affairs, Department of Home Affairs, Department of Social Protection,
Department of Social Policy of City, Department of Labour - Invalids and Social Affairs,
Division of Policy of the district, the Social and Cultural Committee at the commune and
ward level with social protection. During the period from 2008 to the present, the network

of social protection establishments have been established and developed nationwide, we
chose Ho Chi Minh City as the locality with second largest number of social protection
establishments in the country.
3.3.3. Range of content
Analyze a number of theoretical frameworks for social protection and state
management of social protection establishments;
Describe, analyze and assess the current situation of the activities of the social
protection grassroots network in relation to the implementation of social assistance
policies, ensure security of material and spiritual life for social protection beneficiaries
with 05 basic elements, including education, health, housing, clean water and information;
Find out some factors about the institution, policies, operating mechanisms of the
organization, management apparatus, funding sources, human resources, checking,
inspection and supervision, and try to identify appropriate models in social protection
activities to ensure the efficiency of state management in the city.
4. Research questions and hypotheses
4.1. Research questions
Question 1: What is the theoretical basis for research on state management of social
protection establishments in Ho Chi Minh City?
Question 2: What is the current situation of state management of social protection
establishments in Ho Chi Minh City?
Question 3: What factors affect the effectiveness of state management of social
protection establishments in Ho Chi Minh City in the current context?

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Question 4: What solutions can improve the efficiency of state management of
social protection establishments, meeting the beneficiary needs of social protection
beneficiaries in the context of Ho Chi Minh City integration?
4.2. Research hypotheses

Hypotheses 1: The study uses the theory of social protection and social capital to
analyze the role, content, form and relationship of the social protection grassroots network.
At the same time, the new public management theory will be used to explain the role,
content and elements of state management activities to social protection establishments in
Ho Chi Minh City.
Hypotheses 2: The situation of state management of social protection
establishments in Ho Chi Minh City has not yet brought about practical effectiveness, not
met the beneficiary needs of social protection beneficiaries.
Hypotheses 3: Geographical location, socio-economic context, national cultural
traditions, political stability, international integration trends are external factors affecting
state management activities to social protection establishments; Institutional factors,
organizational structure, execution capacity of management subjects, etc. are internal
factors that directly affect the results of state management of social protection
establishments in Ho Chi Minh City.
Hypotheses 4: Based on the social security and social assistance policies of the
Central Government, the government of Ho Chi Minh City applies the state management
principles of branches and territories to adjust some contents and methods, management
tools appropriate to local practices. Since then, improving the efficiency of state
management and the performance of social protection establishments, aiming to ensure
security of the material and spiritual life of social protection beneficiaries in the city
satisfying the trend of international integration.
5. Methodology and research methods
5.1. Methodology
During the implementation of the thesis research, the author applied the
methodologies, such as: Dialectical materialism method; Marxism - Leninism, Ho Chi
Minh thought on human rights, the right to life and protection; Party’s views and policies
on social security goals; interdisciplinary sciences related to state management activities on
social protection facilities ...
5.2. Specific research methods
Methods of available document analysis: The thesis uses a number of domestic and

foreign documents related to the subject of social protection and state management. Based
on analysis, evaluation of documents, reports and previous studies, the author points out
the aspect of social protection that previous studies have not mentioned. From there, inherit
and apply into the research of chapters 1 and 2 of the thesis.
Methods of analyzing and assessing the impact of policies: The purpose of using
the method of assessing the impact of policies is to determine the extent of the impact of
the policy on the interests of the actual beneficiaries; compare the benefits to different
beneficiaries; verify and make alternatives.
In-depth interview method: Gathering qualitative information through in-depth
questioning methods with semi-structured questionnaires, exchanging opinions with state
management officials on social policies, state management of social protection
establishments; leaders, managers and employees in social protection establishments;

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Social welfare and research experts. The project has conducted in-depth interviews with 20
cases, processed qualitative interview results using Innova software.
Methods of investigation and survey by questionnaire: The thesis uses quantitative
methods as the key in the research process, with the aim of collecting opinions of
beneficiaries of social protection policies.
6. New scientific contributions of the thesis
6.1. Theoretical contributions
- From the process of researching, analyzing, inheriting the research results of
previous works, the thesis supplements, develops and introduces some new concepts, such
as the concept of social protection, grassroots social protection, social protection subjects,
the concept of state management of social protection establishments. Applying Smith’s
policy analysis model to analyze the impact factors instead of the traditional analysis
model.
- Access to social protection facilities in terms of public management, the thesis

uses new public management theory, whereby the model of “effective management
model”, “effective management”, “positive management”, “change management” will be
applied in developing 7 key contents in the implementation of state management activities
for social protection establishments in Ho Chi Minh City.
6.2. Contribution in terms of practicality
- The results of the analysis of inadequacies and limitations in the implementation
of state management activities may become a scientific basis to help policy makers adjust
some articles in current legal documents on social assistance policies, regulations on
approval, establishment, dissolution of social protection facilities, socialization policies on
the provision of public services, and as a basis for formulating and promulgating
regulations on conditions and operation contents of establishments with fewer than 10
subjects.
- The results of the thesis can evoke ideas for managers to build appropriate
management models. At the same time, this result is one of the bases for managers to see
the contrast and unreasonable between theory and practice, between academic science and
management practice. From there, help scientists have more appropriate research
orientations.
7. The structure of the thesis
In addition to the preface, conclusion, list of references and appendices, the thesis is
structured into 04 chapters.
Chapter 1: Overview of social protection research and state management of social
protection establishments
Chapter 2: Scientific basis for state management of social protection establishments
Chapter 3: Current situation of state management of social protection
establishments in Ho Chi Minh City
Chapter 4: Solutions to perfect state management of social protection
establishments in Ho Chi Minh City

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CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF SOCIAL PROTECTION RESEARCH AND STATE
MANAGEMENT SITUATION OVER SOCIAL PROTECTION
ESTABLISHMENTS
1.1. Theoretical studies on social protection establishments
1.1.1. The research works in the world
Social protection, social protection facilities become the research object of
scientists in different scientific fields, and become a key issue in the socio-economic
development strategy of the nations in the world. However, at present, the theoretical
studies on social protection facilities in the world are not popular. Through the survey, the
author found that most of the researches on social security in the world suppose that social
protection facilities are one of the components of social protection [155, p.79], [166, p.45] .
So the theoretical basis for approaching social protection facilities is the theory of social
protection. Therefore, the thesis through the theoretical studies of social protection to
identify the theoretical framework of social protection establishments and its active role in
the social security system. Approach in this regard, mainly includes works: Guhan, S.
(1994), “Social security options for developing countries”; Norton, A, Conway, T, Foster,
M. (2001), “Social protection concepts and approaches: Implications for policy and
practice in international development”; Sabates-Wheeler R, Haddad, L. (2005),
“Reconciling different concepts of risk and vulnerability: A review of donor documents”
and Devereux and R. Sabates-Wheeler (2007), “Debating Social Protection - Editorial
Introduction” (Social debate debate - editing, introduction); “Social Protection for
Transformation” is considered to have been successful in building a framework, floor,
domain of social protection concepts, ... Most of the research works in the world on the
concept and operation content of social protection are said that social protection facilities
are one of the important components of social protection. Therefore, the basic theory for
approaching and researching activities of social protection establishments is social
protection. Thus, the research results of works in the world on the concepts, roles and
functions of social protection establishments are referenced, inherited and used in
constructing the theoretical framework of social protection establishments in chapter 2.

1.1.2. Domestic research works
Firstly, the studies have considered social protection facilities as a component of
social protection, this approach is close to the views of some scholars in the world, such as:
Guhan. S, Norton. A, Conway. T, Foster. M, typically the research of author Le Bach
Duong (cb) (2005), (2013), “Social protection of disadvantaged groups in Vietnam” is
considered one of the monographs on Social protection quite early in Vietnam.
Secondly, the studies that consider social protection facilities as a component of
social assistance shows that much of this approach is biased towards social security
studies. In particular, there is a study of author Mai Ngoc Cuong (cb) (2009), Building and
completing the social security policy in Vietnam. In the process of interpreting the concept
of social security, in the universal sense, is the guarantee that people exercise their rights
so that they can be at peace and happiness.

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1.2. Research works on state management for social protection establishments
1.2.1. The research works in the world
1.2.1.1. Research social protection policies to ensure human rights
Ferguson, Clare (1999) “Global Social Policy Principles: Human Rights and Social
Justice”. DFID, Social Development Department. The study of social development
policies, taking human rights as the basis, foundation and basic principles to design
policies for actions.
Sharing the same opinion with the above author group, there is Department for
International Development (2000b) “Realising Human Rights for Poor People: Strategies
for Achieving the International Development Targets”. It addresses the human rights of the
poor, designs strategies to achieve economic development goals. In particular, it
emphasizes on the operational role of social protection grassroots networks, based on the
design of basic services, such as housing, clean water, education, health and food security
to ensure the minimum right to life human.

1.2.1.2. Research on social protection closely linked to policies on hunger
eradication and poverty reduction
Subbarao, K., Et al (1997), “Safety net programs and poverty reduction: lessons
from cross-country experience”. The World Bank: Washington. A study of policy systems
and hunger eradication and poverty reduction networks emphasizes the role of the social
protection system. In line with this research direction, there are the works of De Haan,
Arjan, Eliane Darbellay, Michael Lipton and Imran Matin (1998) Anti-poverty projects in
developing countries: towards evaluating success. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the
World Bank’s poverty reduction strategy” ... Thus, these studies have identified the role of
social protection facilities as a basic tool to implement policies on hunger eradication and
poverty reduction and also the basic tool for vulnerable social groups to access various
types of public services.
1.2.1.3. State management studies for social protection facilities of Vietnam
Martin Evans1 and Susan Harkness (2008) “Social Protection in Vietnam and
Obstacles to Progressivity”. This is an assessment report on social protection in Vietnam
through the process of sampling survey and evaluation of social protection policies in
Vietnam. VietNam Academy of Social Sciences VASS (2011), Employment and Social
Protection in VietNam”; Keetie Roelen (2011) “Stopping Child Poverty in its Tracks: The
Role for Social Protection in Vietnam”; Florence Bonnet, Michael Cichon, Carlos Galian,
Gintare Mazelkaite and Valérie Schmitt (2012), “Analysis of the Viet Nam National Social
Protection Strategy (2011-2020) in the context of Social Protection Floor objectives”.
These works through the results of research reports on jobs, mainly analyzing the risks that
lead to a part of Vietnamese people falling into unemployment ...
1.2.2. Domestic research works
Firstly, the approach and research of operational policies of social protection
establishments in terms of economics
Using the economic and sociological aspect as a scientific basis to approach and
research Vietnam social protection, the work of the author group of Le Bach Duong, Khuat
Thu Hong (cb) (2008), “Migration and social protection”. Research work of social

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protection in Vietnam is analyzed, systematically interpretated with scientific value.
Through this situation, the project has forecast the challenges that social policy makers
need to make efforts to create a stable and socially developed society. Following this
approach, the authors also have the report “Market conversion and social security in
Vietnam”, Le Bach Duong and Khuat Thu Hong (cb) of the Institute for Social
Development Studies. Participatory monitoring of urban poverty, a five-year synthesis
report (2008-2012) shows that migrants are not only socially isolated but spatially isolated
because they have to live in places where there is not enough housing and do not have
adequate access to clean water and sanitation.
Secondly, the approach to theoretical research on social development and social
development management, which through the social security system, indicates the active
role of social protection establishments. Hoang Chi Bao (cb) (2010), “Theory and
solutions for social development and social development management in our country in the
renovation period”.
Thirdly, access to state management research for social protection, social security,
social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City. Currently, the research projects on social
protection are accessed under the field of Public Management, especially the state
management research on social protection establishments in Ho Chi Minh City is very
limited, few projects are fully and systematically accessible. However, in the overview of
the research works, there are a number of researches on social protection, social security,
and social protection, etc. In particular, there are the research works of Tran Huu Quang,
Phan Xuan Bien and the research works of the Ho Chi Minh City Development Research
Institute, ...
1.3. The thesis issues need to focus on research
1.3.1. The thesis issues inherited from the results of the research projects
Firstly, social protection and state management activities for social protection
establishments are aimed at ensuring the security of material and spiritual life at a

minimum of people in general and in HCMC in particular has not been analyzed in terms
of policy implementation and state management.
Secondly, at present, the state management theory of society is still having debate,
there is no consensus in determining the contents and types of activities of social protection
establishments. Therefore, it is not possible to identify the model of ensuring state
management effectiveness for social protection establishments.
Thirdly, currently, the number of research works on social protection and state
management for social protection establishments in Vietnam and Ho Chi Minh city is still
very limited, there are still very few works that approach social protection, social
protection facilities from the view of state management.
1.3.2. Gaps in state management for social protection establishments in Ho Chi
Minh City that the thesis needs to further study
Firstly, most of the research works have approached social protection in a broad
sense, there is no conceptual agreement. The structure and conceptual framework of social
protection overlaps the domain and pillars of social security. Very few works analyzes the
conceptual framework of social protection in a narrow sense from the perspective of social
relief with two basic pillars: regular and unexpected social insurance.

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Secondly, at present, the theory of state management of society is still having
debate, there is no consensus in determining the contents and types of activities of social
protection establishments. Therefore, it is not possible to identify the model of ensuring
state management effectiveness for social protection establishments.
Thirdly, at present, the number of research projects on state management of social
protection establishments in Vietnam and Ho Chi Minh City is quite limited and lackluster,
no work has approached social protection, social protection facilities from the viewpoint of
state management.
Fourthly, based on the results of analysis and assessment of the state management

situation of social protection establishments in Ho Chi Minh City, the thesis will conduct a
forecast analysis of the trend of social protection object development.
In order to solve the issues posed in the project’s research, the author of the project
conducts theoretical issues from the state management theory, especially the new Public
Management model, interdisciplinary theories to deploying the following research tasks:
Firstly, the thesis uses social protection theory to build a complete theoretical framework
on social protection bases; Secondly, the effectiveness of the social protection grassroots
network depends not only on the state management entity and the issued policy system, but
also on the social capital and social network of the management entity, enforcement
environment and participating partners. Thirdly, the new Public Management theory is
used throughout the thesis by the author with the following purposes: developing a
theoretical framework of state management of social protection establishments in Ho Chi
Minh City, clarifying the inner meaning of the concept, content and role of state
management for social protection establishments.
CHAPTER 2. THEORETICAL BASIS FOR STATE MANAGEMENT OVER
SOCIAL PROTECTION ESTABLISHMENTS
2.1. Basic theory on social protection establishments
2.1.1. Some concepts related to social protection facilities
2.1.1.1. Social security concept
Social security is a protection that society provides to its members through a
number of widely applied measures to cope with difficulties and economic and social
shocks that seriously reduce or reduce income due to illness, maternity, injury, labour, loss
of labour force or death. Providing medical care and allowance to victims’ families with
children [75, p.11].
2.1.1.2. Social assistance concept
Social assistance is the support of the State, society, community and individuals,
through regular and irregular support to vulnerable social groups exposed to risks,
unhappiness, and poverty due to many different reasons leading to their inability to support
themselves and their family’s minimum life, in order to help them avoid the threat of daily
life or help them overcome difficulties, stabilize their lives and integrate into the

community.
2.1.1.3. Social protection concept
Social protection refers to the entire social assistance policy system and network of
state and non-state social protection establishments directly affecting vulnerable social

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groups to prevent, minimize and overcome risks, to ensure preserving the material and
spiritual life, to help them to change their circumstances, to improve their ability to control
life, integrate communities without being dependent.
2.1.1.4. Concept of social protection establishment
a. Concept of public social protection establishment
Public social protection establishments are social protection establishments directly
invested by the state management agencies, building material foundations and equipment,
providing state budget funding for regular spending activities at social protection
establishments, aiming to ensure the security of material and spiritual life, community
integration for social protection beneficiaries.
b. The concept of non-public social protection establishment
It includes all social protection establishments established and invested by
themselves by social organizations, socio-professional organizations, economic
organizations, individuals, groups of individuals or population communities that establish
and invest in building their own facilities and equipment, self-finance operating with
capital outside the state budget, and operate in accordance with law to ensure security of
material and spiritual life, integrate into community for vulnerable social groups.
c. Concept of social protection establishment
Social protection establishments include all the system of public and non-public
social protection establishments established by state agencies, organizations, individuals,
civil society, ... inside and outside the country with sufficient facilities, equipment and
funding to ensure effective implementation of activities of care, nurture, education,

vocational training and rehabilitation, etc. ensuring security of material and spiritual life,
integrating community for vulnerable social groups.
2.1.1.5. Social protection beneficiaries
a. Social protection beneficiaries concept
Social protection beneficiaries are people or groups of people in society, because of
many different reasons falling into the situation of being unable to control life both in
terms of economy, spirit, health, education, ... need help and relief from the state and
community to ensure a normal life.
b. Classification of social protection subjects
Group of children includes; The elderly group includes; The group at risk from
family and society needs urgent protection; Stigma from the community.
2.1.2. Roles and contents of social protection establishments
2.1.2.1. The role of social protection establishments
Improve social justice; promote economic development for vulnerable social
groups; consolidate cohesion of community and society; develop human capacity.
2.1.2.2. Activities of social protection establishments
Attract funding for operating social protection establishments; receive, manage,
care and nurture social protection beneficiaries; organize rehabilitation activities for social
protection beneficiaries; cultural education, vocational training and job creation for social
protection beneficiaries; community integration for social protection beneficiaries; provide
social work services to social protection beneficiaries.

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2.2. State management theory for social protection establishments
2.2.1. Some concepts related to state management of social protection
establishments
2.2.1.1. State management concept
State management is a special form of social management, with the power of the

state and the use of state law to regulate the behavior of individuals and organizations in all
aspects of social life by agencies, public servants in the state apparatus, to serve the people,
maintain the stability and development of society.
2.2.1.2. State management concept for social protection establishments
State management of social protection facilities is a purposeful, organized impact
of competent state agencies on management subjects to adjust the activities of social
protection establishments according to regulations, ensure the help of the state, society,
community, ... for social protection subjects in accordance with law and effectively reach
the national socio-economic development goals.
2.2.1.3. State management role for social protection establishments
Firstly, the state is the only entity playing the role of creating the legal framework
as a tool to manage social protection establishments; Secondly, the State implements the
planning to develop the network of social protection establishments, socialize and grant
autonomy to the facilities; Thirdly, the state has the role of orienting and adjusting the
management and operational contents of social protection establishments; Fourthly, the
State is the focal point in establishing international cooperation mechanism to develop
social protection facilities and maximize the role of state management; Fifthly, the state
plays an important role in providing and regulating public service provision activities of
social protection establishments.
2.2.1.4. Features of state management of social charity establishments of local
state administrative agencies
Firstly, the state management of social protection establishments of local state
administrative agencies is associated with the specific characteristics of the industry
combined with the territory.
Secondly, the state management subjects for social protection establishments of
local state administrative agencies are associated with the activities of state administrative
agencies and professional agencies at all levels, subject to the management of many
different subjects..
Thirdly, the management subjects of local state administrative agencies on social
protection establishments are diverse and complex.

Fourthly, the state management of social protection establishments at local level is
the unit that directly organizes and implements socialization policies related to the
activities of social protection establishments.
2.2.2. Contents of state management of social charity establishments
2.2.2.1. Formulate and promulgate a system of legal documents regulating state
management activities for social charity establishments
2.2.2.2. Organize the apparatus to perform the state management of social
protection establishments
2.2.2.3. Capacity of implementing state management activities of cadres, civil
servants, public employees and social workers for social protection establishments

11


2.2.2.4. Approval, establishment, organization, operation and dissolution of social
protection establishments
2.2.2.5. State management of facilities, equipment and funding sources provided
for social protection establishments
2.2.2.6. Expanding external relations and international and public-private
cooperation in raising the state’s rational capacity and operational efficiency of social
protection establishments
2.2.2.7. Inspect, supervise and handle violations of law on operations of social
protection establishments
Thus, the state management of social protection establishments includes 07 basic
contents, the thesis will present, analyze and interpret in chapters 3 and 4.
2.2.3. Factors affecting the state management of social protection establishments
2.2.3.1. Internal factors affecting the state management of social protection
establishments
Firstly, the institution affecting the state management of social protection
establishments, from the identified bases, can see that one of the central decisive contents

to the state management activities in this field is: process of formulating and promulgating
a system of legal documents and policies on state management of social protection
establishments.
Secondly, the capacity of the implementing agency in the state management of social
protection establishments, according to Smith, the level of influence of this factor depends
on three issues: organizational structure and personnel; leadership in state agencies;
capacity of state agencies.
Thirdly, the capacity of the participants affects the state management of social
protection establishments, the participants are related and interacting with each other in the
implementation of state management activities. According to Smith the degree of
interaction of related groups depends on three factors.
2.2.3.2. External factors affecting the state management of social protection
establishments
The thesis limits external factors affecting the state management activities of social
protection establishments, including factors on natural, economic, population and social
conditions of geographical, economic and population, social position,…
2.2.4. Criteria for evaluating state management activities applicable to social
protection establishments
- Criteria for evaluating the state management institution for social protection
establishments; Evaluation criteria on organizational structure of state management of
social protection establishments; Criteria for evaluating the capacity of State officials in
executing State management activities, civil servants, public employees; Criteria for
evaluating the establishment approval, operation licensing for social protection
establishments and dissolution of social protection establishments; management of
facilities, equipment and funding sources; implementing international cooperation and
public-private cooperation.
2.3. Lessons learned about state management for social protection
establishments of Japan and some cities in the country
2.3.1. The experience of Japan

12


2.3.1.1. Organizing the state management apparatus for the implementation of
social security policies
Japan is one of the countries that were seriously affected by World War II, in order
to to overcome the consequences of devastating war, Japan has built and issued a series of
socio-economic development policies. In particular, social security policy development is
one of the key issues that Japan pays special attention to.
2.3.1.2. Regarding social support policies for people with disabilities, the elderly
and the development of social workers at social protection establishments
The social support policy of Japan was formed on the basis of the Japanese Law on
Ensuring of Daily Life in 1946 (amended in 1950), with the main form of public assistance
and social services to support for the weak in society.
2.3.1.3. Regarding financial sources
Japan considers the responsibility of caring for social protection beneficiaries as the
responsibility of the family, society, community and government. Therefore, the financial
sources for social assistance and social support activities and activities at social protection
establishments to care for people with disabilities and the elderly are mobilized from three
basic sources: the State, localities, individuals and organizations, non-state officials.
2.3.2. Experience in state management of social protection establishments in
Hanoi City
Firstly, strengthening legal support for social protection beneficiaries in the city;
Secondly, expanding communication activities in propagating social assistance policies to
social protection beneficiaries; Thirdly, attracting financial resources for regular activities
at social protection establishments in Hanoi City.
2.3.3. Lessons learned on state management of social protection establishments
2.3.3.1. Lessons on the leading role and unified management of the state for the
implementation of social protection policies
2.3.3.2. Lessons on institutional improvement in the implementation of social

security policies, building grassroots social protection networks
2.3.3.3. Lessons on ensuring the harmony between economic growth and social
security, social assistance for vulnerable social groups
2.3.3.4. Lessons on provision of utility services to social protection beneficiaries.
By the method of synthesizing and analyzing documents, in this chapter, the thesis
has profoundly interpreted the concepts related to the topic, thereby building a system of
specialized concepts of the industry that the thesis applies.

13


Diagram 2.1: Theoretical research framework of the thesis
THEORETICAL RESEARCH
FRAMEWORK

Social
Protection
Theory
- Social protection
concept
- Functions, roles,
content and type of
activities of social
protection
establishments.

Social Capital
Theory (Social
Network)
International

cooperation, publicprivate cooperation;
attract partners to
participate in
volunteer activities.

New public
management
theory
- The concept of state management for
social protection establishments, the role,
characteristics and content of state
management;
- Factors affecting the effectiveness of
state management;
- Assess the status of state management
- Proposing solutions
- Solutions to improve efficiency

STATE MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY ON SOCIAL BASIS
OPERATING EFFICIENCY OF SOCIAL PROTECTION BASIS NETWORK

SECURITY GUARANTEE ON MATERIAL AND SPIRIT LIFE OF SOCIAL
PROTECTION SUBJECTS

[Source: Author of the topic]

14


CHAPTER 3: CURRENT SITUATION OF STATE MANAGEMENT FOR SOCIAL

PROTECTION FACILITY IN HO CHI MINH CITY
3.1. Characteristics of natural, economic, cultural and social conditions
affecting the state management for social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
3.1.1. Natural, economic and social population conditions affecting the state
management for social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
3.1.1.1. Geographical location, natural conditions affecting the state management
for social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
Firstly, Ho Chi Minh City is located at the junction between the Mekong Delta and
the Southeast region, which is an advantage for the city to develop socio-economic, but
will create pressures in solving social problems for Social protection subjects.
Secondly, as a gateway for international exchange, it not only affects the process of
economic development, cultural exchanges, but also directly affects the process of solving
social problems in Ho Chi Minh City.
3.1.1.2. Socio-economic conditions affecting state management for social
protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
The model conversion in the management of market economy affecting the state
management for social protection facilities, before the renovation period (1986), Vietnam's
economy was managed by the planning concentrated mechanism, with bureaucratic
administration.
3.1.1.3. Socio-cultural conditions affecting the effectiveness of state management
for social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
Ho Chi Minh City is the largest metropolis in the country, currently it has over 8.3
million inhabitants [140], is a young city of just over 300 years of establishment and
development, but is considered one of the 15 cities with the largest population in the world
[11, p.31], are estimated to have 10 million by 2020 [140].
In short, the geographical location of the city is one of the factors affecting the
socio-economic development of the city in many aspects of social life.
3.2. Actual situation of operation of social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh
City
3.2.1. In terms of the distribution of social protection subjects at social protection

facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
Structure of social protection subjects: The city currently has 453,992 elderly
people, 49,699 people with disabilities and 1.4 million children in special circumstances;
The number of people who receive regular assistance in wards/communes is 130,000 and
nurtured in social protection facilities is 6,500 [126]. Non-public social protection facilities
are nurturing nearly 3,200 people [126].
Distribution of social protection subjects: The number of Social protection subjects
being ensured security of material and spiritual life at public Social protection facilities
(7,392) accounts for a more dimensional number than with non-public social protection
facilities (3,241) [162].
3.2.2. In terms of the distribution of social protection facilities network
Currently, in Ho Chi Minh City, the network of public social protection facilities
and non-public social protection facilities is widely distributed in 17/24 districts with
various types of activities. At present, Ho Chi Minh City currently has 17 facilities for

15


caring, nurturing, rehabilitation, psychological counseling, training, retraining and
vocational training for 7,392 people [160]. For non-public social protection facilities, there
are 58 facilities, distributed in 17 districts and cities of the city and are caring, nurturing
and rehabilitating 3,241 people [160].
3.2.3. In terms of facilities, equipment and facilities of the network of social
protection facilities
In terms of facilities, the effectiveness of social protection facilities depends on
many factors, in which the system of facilities and equipment is considered the foundation
to create quality of care and nurture, rehabilitation of social protection subjects.
In terms of equipment, facilities, working and living conditions at social protection
facilities in the city, equipment used for care, nurture, rehabilitation, education and
vocational training for Social protection subjects at Social protection facilities in

comparison with that at 10 years ago (before the issuance of Decree No. 68/ND-CP
regulating conditions for setting up Social protection facilities) have had basic investments.
3.2.4. Activities of receiving, caring and nurturing sponsors
In terms of the reception of social protection subjects, one of the central and
throughout contents of activities at the social protection facilities is the reception, care,
nurturing, rehabilitation, etc. for social protection subjects.
In terms of the care, nurture, education, vocational training and cultural education
for social protection subjects in facilities in the city, in recent years, the issue of ensuring
security of material and spiritual life for a part of the people in vulnerable social groups is
particularly considered by the Party and the State.
3.2.5. In terms of activities to attract funding for social protection facilities to
operate, Pursuant to the provisions of the legal document system, such as: Decree No.
13/2010 / ND-CP; Decree No. 136/2013 / ND-CP; Decree No. 103/2017 / ND-CP, ...
3.3. Actual situation of implementing the contents of state management for
social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
3.3.1. In terms of institution of state management for social protection facilities
3.3.1.1. Results of formulating and issuing of state management institutions for
social protection facilities
Firstly, the system of legal documents regulating social assistance policies and
social welfare has been adjusted to ensure the minimum living standard of social protection
subjects.
Secondly, the document regulating conditions for establishment, operation and
dissolution of Social protection facilities has been adjusted to suit the requirements of
socialization of public services.
Figure 3.1: Relevance of subsidy levels for social protection subjects (%)
Rất không phù hợp

Không phù hợp

Phù hợp

Rất phù hợp

Bình thường

1%
7% 10%

38%
44%

(Source: Survey results of the topic in 2018)

16


Thirdly, the Government and the city’s authority have issued a series of schemes
and master plans on developing and expanding the network of social protection facilities,
in order to help and support the social protection subjects in their material and spiritual life.
3.3.1.2. Restrictions in developing and promulgating a system of policies and laws
on state management for social protection facilities
Firstly, the legal documents regulating the policies of social assistance and general
assistance for people living at social protection facilities still do not meet the minimum
living standards affecting the care and nurture of social protection subjects.
Secondly, social protection policies and laws have not covered social protection
subjects, based on local reports, currently the total number of beneficiaries of social
protection policies accounts for more than 20% population.

Figure 3.3: Assessment of public officials about coverage level of
Social assistance policies in HCMC (%)

2%
19%
29%

không ảnh hưởng
Bình thường
ảnh hưởng
Rất ảnh hưởng

50%

(Source: Survey results of the topic in 2018)
Thirdly, the legal framework for socialization of Social protection activities is
limited, lacking in coherence and flexibility has become a barrier in developing the
network of Social protection activities
Fourthly, regulations on conditions of establishment and dissolution of Social
protection facilities are still inadequate and not suitable to reality.
Thus, based on the results of the survey, the thesis has analyzed and explained the
advantages and limitations of the institutional system that regulates issues related to state
management activities for the social protection facilities. Since then, as a basis to identify
the causes and propose a number of institutional improvement solutions to improve the
state management efficiency in Ho Chi Minh City.
3.3.2. Organization of machine performing the state management for social
protection facilities
3.3.2.1. Some advantages of the organizational structure of state management
machine for social protection facilities
Firstly, the organizational structure of the state management of social protection
facilities has been organized and built systematically and scientifically from the central to
local levels; Secondly, the organization and establishment of the state management
machine have a flexible decentralization and coordination in the state administrative

system from the central to local and provincial levels and branches, helping to reduce
overlap and redundancy, bureaucracy; Thirdly, in the organization of the management
machine at the provincial level, there is a mechanism of coordination and supervision.

17


3.3.2.2. Limitations and shortcomings of the organization of the state management
machine for social protection facilities
Firstly, the state management machine of social protection facilities is still slow to
innovate, affecting management efficiency; Secondly, there is a lack of flexible
coordination between specialized agencies and the authorities in the inspection,
examination and detection of violations.
Thus, these limitations and shortcomings have affected the effectiveness and
efficiency of state management for social protection facilities in the city.
3.3.3. Capacity of implementing state management activities of cadres, civil
servants, public employees and social cadres for social protection facilities
3.3.3.1. Current status of enforcement capacity
a. In terms of the distribution of the number of cadres, civil servants and public
employees performing state management activities, an average of over 1.7 officials are
responsible for managing one social protection facility.
b, In terms of the quality of cadres and civil servants performing state management,
the survey results show that, out of 128 public officials holding the position of state
management of social protection facilities, there are 29 different branches. , of which the
specialized group is considered as appropriate only accounting for 41% (state management
sector accounts for 1.7%; Administrative studies accounts for 9.4%; Legal studies makes
up 20%; Social work 5.1%; Sociology 5.1%), non-conforming specialized group accounts
for 51%
3.3.3.2. Quality of social cadres directly working at social protection facilities
Firstly, the distribution of numbers, based on the implementation of Decision No.

32/2010 / QD-TTg Ho Chi Minh City, has developed many programs and plans for
developing social work careers.
Secondly, in terms of professional qualifications of social cadres, there are now
over 2,000 officials and social cadres directly managing and taking care of more than
10,000 social protection subjects in 75 public and non-public social protection facilities.
Figure 3.8: Assessment of professional qualifications of managers and social cadres
working at social protection facilities (%)
trên đai học

đại học

cao đẳng

trung cấp

chưa qua đào tạo

2%

22%

34%

11%

31%

(Source: Summary report from Department of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs
Ho Chi Minh City, 2017)
Thirdly, professional skills of officials and social cadres, the survey results show

that up to 75% of the opinions of state management officials believe that the contingent of
officials and social cadres working at the facilities good professional skills, of which good
37%, very good 10%, normal 28%. Whereas, the percentage of bad reviews is only 25%
(15% is not good, 10% is not very good), (Table 3.9).

18


Fourthly, the ethical quality of the team, the survey results showed that 67% of the
opinion of the state management officials said that the officials and social policy staff
working at the social protection facility have good moral qualities, including 10% very
good).
3.3.4. Implementing the establishment approval, operation license, dissolution of
social protection facilities in the city
3.3.4.1. Achievements from the process of establishment approval, operation
license, dissolution of social protection facilities
After more than 10 years (2005 to present) implementing the socialization policy
for the field of social security in general and the social protection facility in particular has
achieved remarkable achievements. Currently, the city has been conducting review and
establishment of 58 non-public social protection facilities which are nurturing, caring for
and rehabilitating more than 3,000 subjects. In particular, considering the establishment
and licensing of 33 facilities, currently supporting legal procedures to license operations
for 24 facilities, dissolving 01 facility, and terminating operation of 5 facilities [126].
3.3.4.2. Shortcomings and limitations in the process of executing the establishment
approval, operation license and dissolution of social protection facilities
Firstly, the phenomenon of unlicensed operating facilities still exists in the city;
Secondly, the law on approving, establishing, organizing, operating, licensing operations,
dissolution of Social protection facilities is still inconsistent with the actual operation of
the social protection facilities in the area.
3.3.5. State management for facilities, equipment and funding sources provided

for social protection facilities
3.3.5.1. State management for facilities, equipment and funding sources provided
for social protection facilities
In order to ensure the effectiveness of the social protection facility, the assurance of
conditions on facilities and equipment plays an extremely important role, so the
government acts as the governing entity has taken many active measures to preserve, build
and develop facilities to ensure the operational efficiency of the establishment.
3.3.5.2. State management of funding sources provided for the operation of
sponsoring facilities
In the city, there is a situation where there is a lack of funding, considering the
subsidy level of social protection subjects. The survey results showed that more than 50%
of the opinion that the financial allocation activities are normal, in which good accounting
for 32.5%, very good 4.3%, not good 10.3%, very not good 2.6%.
3.3.6. Expanding external relations and international and public-private
cooperation in improving the state management capacity for social protection facilities
in the city
3.3.6.1. Achievements in international cooperation activities
Firstly, Ho Chi Minh City regularly organizes seminars to learn, share experiences
on care, nurturing, rehabilitation, vocational education; learning from experience about
expanding and developing social protection models; Secondly, the city government has
adopted many policies to encourage volunteerism of individuals and civic societies;
Thirdly, the city has been proactive and actively participated in multilateral cooperation
forums

19


3.3.6.2. Shortcomings and limitations in international cooperation activities
Firstly, the foreign language ability of social cadres and State management officials
is still limited; Secondly, the spending budget for diplomatic activities of the social security

field in general and the social protection facilities in particular is low; Thirdly, although the
city government has expanded its relationship and cooperation, it has attracted many
partners for sponsorship and aid; Fourthly, some international cooperation programs are
not funded in cash, but in kind.
3.3.7. Enforcing activities of inspection, examination, supervision and handling
of violations of law on enforcement of state management contents for social protection
facilities
Firstly, in the process of implementing the inspection, examination and supervision
activities, there was a flexible coordination; Secondly, under the management and direction
of Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee, DOLISA, in coordination with the Department
of Home Affairs.
3.4. Assessing current situation of state management activities for social
protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
3.4.1. Achievements from the implementation of state management activities for
social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
3.4.2. Restrictions in the process of implementing state management activities for
social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
3.4.1. Causes
Firstly, the cause of institutional inadequacy; organizational structure of state
management machine for social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City; capacity of the
subjects managing state and social cadres; activities in approval, establishment, operating
license, dissolution of social protection facilities; material foundations, equipment and
funding sources for operating social protection facilities; foreign affairs, international
cooperation, public-private cooperation; inspection, examination and handling of law
violations.
3.4.2. Challenges to improving the effectiveness of state management for social
protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
Firstly, planning, building and promulgating the institutional system; Secondly,
How to build and organize the machine; Thirdly, Develop appropriate training and
retraining policies to improve enforcement capacity of public officials; Fourthly, build and

expand the network of social protection facilities in accordance with the provisions of law.
CHAPTER 4: ORIENTATION AND SOLUTION FOR COMPLETING STATE
MANAGEMENT FOR SOCIAL PROTECTION FACILITY
IN HO CHI MINH CITY
4.1. Orientations of state management for social protection facilities
4.1.1. State management for social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City comes
from the Party's viewpoint on social security development.
The summary of the Party's views on social security, social protection, social
assistance is not only meant to generalize a thorough theoretical issue of the Party to serve
the process of access and research of the thesis, but also important rather than being a solid

20


basis and foundation for organizing and implementing to build the state management
direction for social protection facilities.
4.1.2. State management for social protection facilities in Ho Chi Minh City in
accordance with the Party's goals of social security development
Based on the Party's views on the development of the social security system, the
State develops, organizes and implements the development direction of social assistance
networks and social protection facilities in the period of 2011-2020 with vision toward
2025
4.1.3. State management for social protection facilities in accordance with Ho Chi
Minh City's viewpoint and section on social security development
Firstly, to promote socialization, encourage domestic and foreign organizations and
individuals to invest in developing the network of social protection facilities; mobilize
families of economically capable subjects to contribute funding for care and rehabilitation
to subjects at the local level.
Secondly, to develop a network of Social protection facilities to meet the social
assistance needs of people; contribute to the implementation of Resolution No. 15-NQ/TW

of June 1, 2012, of the XI Party Central Executive Committee, on a number of social
policy issues for the period of 2012-2020; contribute to social stability and social security.
Thirdly, to plan and develop a network of social protection facilities in the city in
accordance with the size and distribution of subjects; ensuring that the subjects have the
opportunity to receive timely assistance and care.
Fourthly, to renovate mechanisms and modes of management and operation of
Social protection facilities according to the motto of prevention, support, care and nurture
of the objects at home and the community; In case of sending subjects to social protection
facilities for care and nurture, it is urgent solutions in a certain period.
4.1.4. State management for social protection facilities based on forecasts of the
number of subjects to ensure the coverage of subjects in the city.
Table 4.3: Forecast of social protection subjects living at public social protection
facilities from 2017 to 2020
Calculation unit: Subject
Year
T
Y
2017 (present)

3

7.392

2018

5

7.530

2019

7

7.720

2020

9

7.935

(Source: Based on author's calculations)

21


Table 4.5: Forecast of social protection subjects living in non-public social protection
facilities from 2017-2020

Year

Calculation unit: Subject
T

Y

2017 (present)

3

3.241

2018

5

3.463

2019

7

3.699

2020

9

3.935

(Source: Based on author's calculations)
4.2. Some solutions to complete state management for social protection
facilities in Ho Chi Minh City
4.2.1. Completing provisions of law on social protection facilities
The solution aims to continue to improve the provisions of the law on social
protection, thereby creating an appropriate legal corridor, as a tool to manage and adjust
the operation process of the social protection facility ensures the basic rights of a part of
vulnerable social groups.
4.2.2. Solutions to improve organizational structure, promote coordination
between agencies in state management for social protection facilities

This solution aims to build and complete the state management machine for social
protection facilities from the central to local levels in the direction of streamlining,
compact, scientific, non-overlapping, and functional construction, the task of the state
management agencies to social protection facilities in a specific and clear way, thereby
contributing to improving the efficiency of state management in general and state
management of social protection facilities in particular.
4.2.3. Solutions to improve the capacity of the contingent of cadres, civil servants
and social cadres
This solution aims to improve the capacity of the old team of cadres, civil servants
and social organizations in state management activities for social protection facilities.
4.2.4. Solutions to inspection and examination for activities of social protection
facilities
This solution aims to carry out the inspection and examination of state management
activities for activities at social protection facilities, thereby grasping the strengths and
positive aspects in the implementation process. State management for Social protection
facilities to promote, encourage and encourage facilities to operate effectively and
promptly detect and handle violations, adjust personal, organizational behaviors and
contents and forms in operations of social protection facilities
4.2.5. Solution of public relations on activities of managing social protection
facilities
This solution aims to enhance the interaction between state administrative agencies
and society about the role of the State in managing social protection facilities in order to
attract the participation and cooperation of social sectors as well as foreign partners in

22