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VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

NGUYEN THI KHUYEN

DEVELOPING ARGRICULTURE OF RED RIVER DELTA
COASTAL AREA IN THE CONDITION OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Major: Economic Management
Code: 9 34 04 10

ABSTRACT OF ECONOMIC DOCTORIAL THESIS

Ha Noi, 2019


The thesis is completed at:
Graduate Academy of Social sciences

Supervisor: 1. Assoc.Prof. Ph.D. Nguyen Danh Son
2. Ph.D. Tran Minh Yen

Referee 1: Prof, Ph.D. Do Duc Binh
Referee 2: Assoc.Prof, Ph.D. Pham Bao Duong
Referee 3: Assoc.Prof, Ph.D. Hoang Van Hai

The thesis is protected in front of Board of Doctoral
Thesis Examination, organized at .......................at …..hour …
date … month… year 2019

The thesis can be found at:

- Institute of Social Scicences Information
- National library of Viet Nam


INTRODUCTION

1. The neccesity of thesis
Agricultural development means to ensure for traditional role of
agriculture which is active in national food security, and in charge of new roles
as: supplying material for the development of processing industry, creating
goods to meet domestic and international demand, improving foreign currency
income from exporting agricultural products, contributing a part of capital to
socio – economic development; protecting ecological environment; advertising
picture and enhancing the position of Vietnam to the world.
State management on economy with agricultural development is
considered to be currently necessary demand. In Vietnam, agriculture is much
dependent economy on natural conditions. State management to agricultural
development aims at igniting potential, developing production, consuming
agricultural products as well as coping with climate change effectively.
Overview of researches related to development and management of
agricultural development (represented at chapter 1 of the the thesis) shows that
the researches mainly focus on management of agricultural development in
general. Subject of state management about economy to agricultural
development in the condition of climate change is limited. Besides, climate
change occurs new matters in agricultural development requesting agricultural
development to be changed accordingly, that status apprears new matters to be
done research clearly. This is the main reason for researchers to choose subject
“Developing agriculture Red River Delta coastal area in the condition of climate
change” for doctorial thesis of economic management with the desire of
contributing to make clear and solve issues of state management attaching with

impact condition of climate change in agricultural development in coastal areas
of Red River Delta. Due to the region of doing research is area of coastline
(including coastline districts, communes) so the management level here is
district, of course, they are considered in management relationship in the
common management system of the nation: Upon industry, it is management
system of agriculture industry and upon territory, it is local management system
(province, region/subregion).

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2. Purpose and duties of researching of the thesis.
2.1. Purpose of the research
General purpose: Doing research agricultural development under
economic state management at district level in coastal areas of Red River Delta
in the condition of climate change to make clear the status and propose some
solution, suggestion to complete management of agricultural development of
Red River Delta coastal area.
Specific purpose of the research is to answer following questions:
(i) What does climate change impact to agricultural development in
coastal area of Red River Delta? What must the necessity of state management
about economy with agricultural development change, adjust to be suitable?
(ii) How about the status of state management about economy to
agricultural development of Red River Delta coastal area?
(iii) Which advantage, difficulty, chance and challengy do management of
agricultural development in the condition of climate change stand by?
(iv) What solution to make use of, promote the favorable and recover,
overcome difficulty, challengy in state management about economy to
agricultural development of Red River Delta coastal area in the condition of
climate change?

2.2. Duty of researching
- Overview of researching related to the title, pointing out achieved result,
issues have not been unified, and spaces have not been researched. On that basis,
the thesis chooses research content to be suitable and meaningful.
- Systematizing the theoretical basis and factuality about state
management to agricultural development in the condition of climate change to
be basis for analyzing the status as well as solution proposal.
- Analyzing, evaluating the status of managing agricultural development
of Red River Delta coastal area and determining issues in state management
about economy to agricultural development in the condition of climate change.
- Proposing point of view, orientation, solution and suggestion for state
management about economy to agricultural development of Red River Delta
coastal area in the condtion of climate change.

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3. Object and scope of research of the thesis
3.1. Object of research
Research object of the thesis is developing agriculture of Red River Delta
coastal area in the condition of climate change under the view of state management
at district level.
3.2. Research scope
Scope on content: Name of the thesis is “developing agriculture of Red
River Delta coastal area in the condition of climate change”, in which and as
mentioned above, agricultural development is considered under view of state
management about district economy, so agricultural development is
considered to be result of management as relation cause – result. State
management at district level, upon current decentralizaiton in our country is
the place which carries out development policies of government

(Government, ministries, and provinces), so state management at district level
is place of carrying out policies of development. This implementation
includes many parties in relation, in which main party here is district state
management with positive role of orienting, taking the initiative, creating
condition and linking, combining with other related parties (farmer, economic
organization, political organization, social organization…) in mobilizing
development resources (internal, external resources) to get targets of
development (herely sustainably agricultural development in the condition of
climate change).
Scope about space: The thesis limits the research about coastline districts
belonging to Red River Delta coastal area including three provinces Thai Binh,
Nam Dinh and Ninh Binh including: Thai Thuy, Tien Hai (Thai Binh), Hai Hau,
Giao Thuy, Nghia Hung (Nam Dinh), Kim Son (Ninh Binh) with coastal
agriculture features and are suffering strong impact of climate change.
Scope about time: The thesis make survey agricultural development of
researched region from 2010 to 2018. In which, surveying on some secondary
data were sumarized from 2010 to 2017, making survey primary data was
carried out in 2018.
Due to the thesis is determined to belong to major of economic
management so the concept “development” is considered to be “gift” created by
“human” is management and concept (state management about economy to

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agricultural development” is summarized “Management of agricultural
development” throughout the thesis.
4. According to methodology and research method of the thesis
4.1. Methodology, approach of the thesis
The thesis uses common methodology of social science and management

science, especially is dialectical relation between management subject and
management object as cause – result relation in development management. The
thesis approaches upon two ways: top down and bottom up.
4.2. Research method of the thesis
The thesis is researched by method: Description statistic. Method of
comparative research and logic method. Method of analysis and comprehension.
Investigation method by questionaire. Method of analyzing strong and weak
points.
5. New contribution about science of the thesis
(1) Systematizing and developing theoretical basis about agricultural
development of coastal area with the role of district authority in the circumstance
of new development is the impact of climate change. Systematizing, building
content and criteria of evaluating agricultural development management in the
condition of climate change. (2) The thesis supplies factual evidence, proof as
well as issues in state management of district level to agricultural development,
from analyzing and evaluating the reality of agricultural development under teh
impact of climate change. (3) On the basis of analyzing and predicting new
circumstance of the thesis to propose solution for developing agriculture of Red
River Delta coastal area in the condition of climate change under management of
district authority. The thesis can be useful reference for managers to develop in
the locals of Red River Delta coastal area as well as other locals in our country.
6. Theoretical meaning and the reality of the thesis
6.1. Meaning about theory
Research result of the thesis contributes to supplement theoretical basis
for agricultural development management of district authority in the condition of
climate change. Research result supplies theoretical basis for researches about
agricultural development of district authority in other locals.
6.2. Meaning about reality
Suggestion and solution of the thesis are high value of referent document

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for authorities of districts and other levels in developing agriculture of Red
River Delta coastal area and other agricultural districts with the same condition
in all over the country.
7. The structure of the thesis
Chapter 1. Overview of research situation related to the title of the thesis.
Chapter 2. Theoretical basis, reality about coastal agriculture development
in the condition of climate change.
Chapter 3. The status of developing agriculture in Red River Delta coastal
are in the condition of climate change
Chapter 4. Point of view, target and solution of developing agriculture in
Red River Delta coastal area.
CHAPTER 1.
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION RELATED TO THE TITLE
OF THE THESIS
1.1. Researches about state management to coastal agriculture
development.
1.1.1. Researches about state management to agricultural development of
all over country and provinces.
Overview result of research title about state management about economy to
agricultural development in all over the country and provinces shows that: The
researches agree that state management about economy is necessary for
currently agricultural development. Each research contributes at a certain aspect
in state management about economy to agricultural development. Under
decentralization of government about economy: There are researches mentioned
to state management with agricultural development in general, there is research
focusing on explaining state management to agricultural development in one
province. From view of impacted period: There is research considering period of

building policies, creating environment, orienting development, some others
analyze process of organizing and implementing advocates, policies of
developing agriculture, some researches focus on inspecting, evaluating process
of implementing agricultural development. Under view of content of agricultural
development: some researches explain state management with human of state
management about economy, with agricultural land, with agricultural good
export, with shifting agricultural economy structure.

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1.1.2. Researches about state management to coastal agriculture
development
Process of surveying previous research result shows that researching state
management districtly with agricultural development is rare. Book of state
management about economy of people’s committee of district, issues and
solution (specialized book) of author Chu Tien Quang (2010) has systematized
and built theoretical basis of state management about economy of people’s
committee of district. The author analyzes the real state of state management
about economy of people’s committee of district, making survey the reality of
state management about economy of people’s committee of Lam Thao and Nam
Sach Districts. On that basis, the research propose point of view and solution to
complete state management about economy of people’s committee of district.
However, the research directly deepens into relationship between people’s
committee of district with all industries and sectors in the economy. The
research does not deeply focus on district management with agricultural
development in the relation with climate change. .
1.2. Researches about impact of climate change to state management
about agricultural development
Researches show that climate change has been occuring strongly, impacted

to many fields, overall to agricultural production. Some researches estimate
impact of some locals, regions all over the country. Strong impact of climate
change to agricultural development becomes more and more clear, require
managers of agricultural development to have change in orientation, creating
environment, good support for promoting agricultural development to cope with
climate change. However, some researches focus on analyzing relationship
between climate change and management of agricultural development are not
much available, especially to Red River Delta coastal area. So, this is the space
for the thesis to focus on researching.
1.3. Conclusion and issues need to keep researching
1.3.1. Conclusion
Overview of researches related to development and agricultural
development managemen show that there is much concern to these fields.
Research result shows at some aspects as below:

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Firstly, analyzing theoretical basis, reality, real state of agricultural
development management in Vietnam. Analyzing relationship between state
management about economy with developing agricultural goods, international
integration, finding out existing issues to propose some suggestion, solution for
agricultural development at national level.
Secondly, some researches focus on explaining one content, aspect,
function, one stage of state management about economy with agricultural
development. Some researches analyze one or some factors affected state
management to agricultural development as human resources, integration,
market… Focusing on analyzing the real state of separate aspect, content and
factor to propose suggestion for each own field.
Thirdly, some researches focus on building theoretical basis about

provincial or regional agriculture development. Finding out the reality of
relationship between agricultural development management of provincial
authority with agricultural development. On that basis to propose suggestion,
solution for agricultural development by improving effectiveness of
management of provincial authority to agricultural development.
Fourthly, some researches orient to analyze relationship between climate
changes with agricultural development. Pointing out climate change has been
changing survival conditions of agricultural development. Proposing common
solutions to develop agriculture in the condition of climate change.
Throughoutly, researches of state management about economy to coastal
agriculture development in the condition of climate change impact is not much
available, especially in coastal area of Red River Delta becomes clearly in some
recent years. Red River Delta in our country is an area impacted by climate
change day by day with more and more clear expression as the growth of
frequency, intension of severe weather, climate (drought, flood, storm, cold,
cyclone, hot…) as well as the increasing of seawater, inspite of slow, it starts to
have the phenomena of saline instrusion, much impacting to production and life
of residents, especially for agricultural production.
Fifthly, almost researches focus on analyzing, explaining management of
agricultural development upon country and provincial scope. Research about
managing agricultural development at district level with agricultural
development is limited. Because, the role of district authority in implementing

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advocates and policies of new agriculture development express clearly in recent
years. This is management grade with condition to be closed to reality of
agricultural development and be direct with the most quick and right time
orientation, support, adjust and fit to the reality. Besides, the development of

climate change impacts to local, residents and authority shall be ones who
understand the most.
For Red River Delta, subject of managing agricultural development in
general is much researched but state management about economy to agricultural
development in the condition of climate change is limited. With not less issues,
even new issues related to agricultural development management in the
condition of climate change in Red River Delta need to keep researching. In the
circumstance of change, operation condition of management object has changes,
management in which of state management about economy to agricultural
development must change accordingly to solve arising problem. State
management about economy with agricultural development considering at
district level all over the country and Red River Delta coastal area is not much
concerned to be researched.
1.3.2. Issues need to be researched
On the basis of the remaining research spaces, there shall appear some
issues need to be researched and make clear as below:
Firstly, relationship between climate change with agricultural
development in coastal area of Red River Delta in the recent time.
Secondly, state management about economy with agricultural
development must change, adjust to be suitable with change of requirement of
agricultural development to be adaptable with climate change..
Thirdly, finding out issues of state management about economy to
agricultural development in the coastal area of Red River Delta in the condition
of climate change..
Fourthly, overview the advantages, disadvantages, challengies in state
management about economy to agricultural development in coastal area of Red
River Delta in the condition of climate change..
Fourthly, building some suggestions, solution to make use, promote
advantages and recover, overcome disadvantages, challengies in state

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management about economy to agricultural development in coastal area of Red
River Delta in the condition of climate change.
The above research spaces are fulfilled in research logic of the thesis. In
which, clear determination of state management about economy of district
authority is the main axis and cause, agricultural development coping with
climate change is result.
CHAPTER 2.
THEORETICAL BASIS, REALITY ABOUT DEVELOPING
AGRICULTURE OF COASTAL AREA IN THE CONDITION OF
CLIMATE CHANGE
2.1. Theoretical basis about state management with agricultural
development in coastal area in the condition of climate change.
2.1.1. Concept, feature of the role of developing coastal agriculture
Developing coastal agriculture is valuable growth and agricultural output;
completion on structure; improvement on living quality of farmers belonging to
districts contiguity to the beach. Agricultural development is analyzed in cause
– result relationship with state management about agricultural development.
Developing coastal agriculture with own features: land is in danger of
saline instrusion, high alum instrusion, specific production object compared to
other regions, and is area early and strongly suffering from climate change.
Coastal area of Red River Delta is natural shield for all coastal area and
Northern Delta. Developing coastal agriculture suitably is highly meaningful
both socio – economy and environment.
2.1.2. State management with developing coastal agriculture in the
condition of climate change
State management on economy is organizative impact, by law and via
system of policies with tools of economic management to get target of

developing economy of our country, on the basis of using effectively resources in
the circumstance of certain development.
State management on economy to developing coastal agriculture in the
condition of climate change is the impact about economy of state authorities at
district level to develop agriculture, promoting comparative advantages of local,
attracting and using effectively resources externally to carry out targets of
developing agriculture to cope with climate change. Naturally, state

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management at district level needs teh combination with overall system of state
management of nation.
State mangement at district level with agricultural development has
function of supporting, creating favorable condition as well as close
combination with offices to develop agriculture; Forestry, salting making,
irrigation, fishery, nature disaster fight and prevention; quality, food safety of
agricultural products, forestry product, seafood and salt; countryside
development; household economic development; farming development;
cooperative economy of agriculture, forestry, fishery, salty attaching with
sectors, trade village in the countryside and implementing some duties, rights
according to the authorization of people’s committee of district and according to
regulation of law, ensuring the management unification of industry, fields of
working in the local.
2.1.3. Impact of climate change to managemen of agricultural
development
Climate change asks for agricultural developemnt managers to alternate
advocates and policies with strenthening ability of coping with climate change
via improving capacity of being adaptable with climate change of subjects but
reduce slightly impact of climate change to agricultural production. Support

from agricultural development managers aim at increasing ability of being
adaptable as building infrastructure to cope with climate change (embankment,
irrigation system, taking care of, controlling insect, saline prevention,...), season
management, increasing irrigation, controlling harmful insects; supporting
production convert, seed convert, tree and animal convert, supporting to
research technical and scientific application in production, supporting to make
propaganda, educate to improve awareness of community. Support groups of
agricultural development management to reduce climate change as: supporting
to build and deploy to apply agricultural cultivation technicque measures to
increase output, reduce greenhouse effect, improve management and field
irrigation..
2.1.4. Content of state management about economy to agricultural
development attaching with specifiation of coastal area in the condition of
climate change.
State management on economy to agricultural development is implemented

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basing on below contents: Orientation, creating environment of developing
agriculture to cope with climate change; organizing and executing process of
developing agriculture to cope with climate change; supporting agricultural
development to cope with climate change; Keeping following, supervising,
inspecting agricultural economy activities to cope with climate change..
2.1.5. Factors influencing to manage agricultural development of coastal
area.
Group of subjective factors influencing to agricultural development
including: natural condition and socio – economic conditions..
Group of objective factors including: Factors belonging to subject of
management, factors belonging to object of management and factors belonging to

programs, policies of supporting agricultural development coping with climate
change.
2.1.6. Criteria of estimating management of coastal agriculture
development in the condition of climate change
Managing agricultural development in coastal area of Red River Delta is
estimated upon two main groups of criteria:
Firstly, criteria group of estimating process of managing coastal agriculture
development in the condition of climate change including: ability of orienting
agricultural development coping with climate change; Completing organization
of management and system of production subject in agricultural business;
Implementing advocates of supporting agricultural development coping with
climate change; Inspecting and adjusting process of agricultural development
coping with climate change.
Secondly, criteria group of reflecting result of process of managing coastal
agricultural development in the condition of climate change including: Changing
in awareness of agricultural development in the condition of climate change of
management subject and object of management in Red River Delta; The growth
of agriculture in coastal area of Red River Delta; The shifting of agricultural
structure of Red River Delta coastal area; The development of society and
environment protection in the Red River Delta coastal area.
2.2. Experience of managing agricultural development of some locals
and lesson for Red River Delta coastal area.
On the basis of surveying experience of managing agricultural development

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of some nations as Holland, Israen, Thailand and some locals in the country:
Bac Lieu, Kien Giang, the research take out some lessons for coastal area of Red
river delta as: Firstly, managing at district level must strengthen to make

propaganda, educate, communicate to improve the awareness of agricultural
development, climate change and impact of climate change to agricultural
development; Secondly, management authority at district level on agricultural
developement needs to implement well planning of agricultural ecology areas on
the basis of climate change trend; Thirdly, district managers must consider to
suggest higher managers to assisst for research strengthening, technological and
scientific application in agricultural production to cope with climate change;
Thirdly, focusing on agricultural production on large scale to have resource of
applying science and technology, shifting production to be adaptable with
climate change; Fourthly, building type of suitably agricultural production;
Fifthly, managers at district level must implement well advocates and policies of
assissting information, implementing well policy of strengthening the
connection to develop chain of agricultural goods value, developing agriculture
of goods; Sixthly, management at district level must implement well programs
of training to improve qualification of farmers; Seventhly, management at
district level combines well with higher levels to improve the role government in
supporting agricultural development.
CHAPTER 3.
THE REALITY OF DEVELOPING AGRICULTURE IN THE
COASTAL AREA OF RED RIVER DELTA IN THE CONDITION OF
CLIMATE CHANGE
3.1. Condition of nature, socio – economy affect to manage agricultural
development in coastal area of Red river delta.
3.2.1. Natural condition
Managing agricultural development needs to base on condition of land,
land environment, water environment to orient, support and inspect, adjust
process of management to be suitable.
3.2.2. Socio – economy condition
Managing agricultural development needs to base on conditions as
infrastructure of transport, telecommunication; condition of economic structure

and labor force structure presently to give out solutions of management to

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promote agricultural development.
3.2.3. Policies of developing agriculture in the coastal area of Red river
delta
Policies of agricultural development is tool, basis for state management at
district level to deploy activities of management at local..
3.2. The reality of managing agricultural development in the coastal
area of Red river delta.
3.2.1. The reality of process of managing coastal agricultural
development in the condition of climate change
3.2.1.1. Ability of orienting agricultural development coping with climate
change
The result of taking idea about ability of orienting agricultural development
coping with climate change of authorities at district level from managers. Major
of ideas think that planning, plan of developing agriculture of authorities at
district level taking the basis to be planning, plan of higher level (100%), taking
the factual condition of soil climate (78%0. Major of ideas think that quality of
good plan, planning express at the criteria: Planning the plan which is able to
orient for agricultural development coping with climate change (90%), ability
of becoming common voice for local agriculture development is (62%). Less
ideas choose local authority is active to mobilize the resource (6%), ability of
being active in method of carrying out plan and planning (28%). The result
taken from 100 management objects, major of them choose sectors, objects of
production basing on family tradition (78%); few people choose basing on
orientation of local authorities (5%)
3.2.1.2. Completing organization of management and system of

agricultural production subject
For management subject, some ideas say that quantity of officers are lack
to carry out dute of management (44%), qualification of management is equal to
duty (56%), Assignment and combination between departments is good (44%).
For management object, few understand the advocates, policies of
developing agriculture (34%), ability of being active to deploy policy (34%),
ability of being active, creative to propose ideal for advocate, policy of
developing agriculture (28%), ability of combining between management
subject and management object is (34%).

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3.2.1.3. Implementing advocates of supporting agricultural development
coping with climate change
About supporting to plan agricultural development coping with climate
change, major of ideas management subject (90%) and less management objects
(15%) say that supporting plays an important role. 47% management objects
satisfy, 53% have not got any ideas about supporting of district management to
agricultural development in the condition of climate change..
About supporting to implement plan of seasons in agricultural
development, all managers (100%) and major (78%) management objects say
that support plays an important role. Major of objects satisfy with support from
state management at district level in this issue (78%).
About land focal support, major of ideas of management subjects (87%)
and management objects (66%) choosing support plays an important role. Major
of management objects (77%) satisfy with land focal support in the program of
gathering field and change lot.
Major of managers (90%) and few management objects (33%) highly
estimate the importance of supporting technological and scientific application

and mordern process of production in agriculture. Major (69%) management
objects hover about this support.
Result of surveying idea about role of state management at district level to
agricultural development show that, there are 53% managers and 42% residents
think that support from state management play important role, equal to 34% and
28% without any ideas, 12% and 30% have ideas of unimportant support.
Survey result about the importance of support in developing agricultural
link show that, there are 46% managers and 41% residents say the support plays
important role; equal to 31% and 47% without any ideas; 22% and 12% say that
it is not important. About satisfaction of residents about supporting link
development, statistic survey result show that 36% satisfy, 60% without any
ideas, 4% unsatisfy.
Major of ideas wish to have support from state management, espefically:
92% ideas wish to be predicted clearly trend of weather change, help production
get more effectively. 95% ideas wish to get support of orienting to shift trees,
animal to be suitable. 56% ideas say that focal support to open more area of
production is necessary. 87% ideas point out the necessary of supporting

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technology application of modern production. 56% ideas wish to get support of
orienting for developing agricultural production upon the model of enterprise,
farm. 67% wish to get support for developing link with facilities which research
seed/animal to be suitable. 95% wish to support promotion to open market for
agricultural products. 87% wish to get support to close management for food
safety and build brand of agricultural products.
3.2.1.4. Inspecting and adjusting process of developing agriculture coping
with climate change.
About the basis of inspecting, major of ideas think that inspecting process

of developing agriculture coping with climate change is implemented basing on
plan (90%); carrying out upon the suggestion (100%); According to abnormal
occurs of weather, climate (100%). This result shows that inspection is
carriedout right time to prevent with climate change in agriculture development.
About purpose of inspection, major of ideas agree with purpose of inspection:
discovering violation (87%); Inspection to speed up, remind the implement ation
of carrying out target (100%); orientng agriculture development to be adaptable
with climate change (100%); Discovering difficulty, supporting the development
(56%). About content of inspection, major of idea choose content of inspection
is implementation of planning (87%); Discovering many violation about
pesticide and agriculture material (97%); Inspecting hygiene and safety of food
(87%). About main violations, planning violation (21%); Violating about
pesticide and agriculture material (97%); violation of hygiene and safety of food
(46%). Measures have been carried out to adjust process of development: and
there are almost 100% agreement.
Result of survey show that function of inspection in state management
about agriculture development coping with climate change in the coastal area of
Red river delta is carried out well, less violation, without any serious violation.
However, survey result also shows that some ideas think that inspection to
discover and support difficulty (56%) is low rate, meanwhile this is important
purpose of current inspection.
3.2.2. Result of managing coastal agriculture development in the
condition of climate change in the condition of
3.2.2.1. Aware reality of agriculture development in the condition of
climate change of management subject and management object in the coastal

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area of Red river delta.

Almost agriculture production subjects are aware of agriculture
development upon short meaning say that agriculture development mainly focus
on increasing output, accounting for 65% ideas. People with full understanding
about agriculture developemnt upon large meaning accounting for 19%. This
reality shows that acknowledge about agricultural goods, modern agriculture in
agriculture production subjects in the coastal area of Red river delta is limited.
In order to advocate agriculture developemnt upon modern direction, goods
production, sticking out large markets needs to enhance the awareness of
subjects about this issue.
Being aware of expression of climate change, major of management objects
(78%) choose hot weather; 68% choose cold weather; 23% choose saline
intrusion, flood tide
3.2.2.2. The reality of agriculture growth in the coastal area of Red river
delta
Positive growth and higher than growth of all the country about agriculture.
In 2010 is 4,06 until 2017 is 3,77%.

Diagram 3.1: Growth speed of agriculture in the coastal area of Red
river delta
(Source: Comprehensing socio – economy report of districts period 2010 –
2017
3.2.2.3. The reality of shifting agricultural structure in the coastal area of
Red river delta
Diagrams 3.9 and 3.10 overview internal structure in the coastal area of
Red river delta of districts show that proportion of production value in farming
decreases from 58,72% in 2010 down 49.8% in 2017. Proportion of production
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value in animal raising increases from 38,37% in 2010 upto 42,08% in 2017 and

agriculture service increase from 2,91% in 2010 upto 8,12% in 2017.

Diagram 3.9: Agricultural structure
in the coastal area of Red river delta in
2010

Diagram 3.10: Agricultural
structure in the coastal area of
Red river delta in 2017

3.2.2.4. The reality of developing society and protecting environment in the
coastal area of Red river delta
Average per capital income of residents in the coastal are of Red river delta
period 2010 and 2017 has trend of constant increase.

Diagram 3.11: The average per capital income in the coastal area of
Red river delta period 2010 -2017 upon current price
Source: Comprehensing annual statistic: Socio – economic Report yearly
of coastal area of Red river delta districts
Rate of poor household reduces from 8.3% in 2010 down 2,6% in 2017,
lower than rate of countryside is 10,8%, all the country is 7,9% in 2017.
There are around 20% packages, bottles of pesticide, growth pill, herbicide
after using is gathered, buried. The remaing 80% are threwn out on the fields,
lakes, coastline after using. 20% are buried cursorily the redundance of toxic is

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easy to sissipate into environment. 95% packages containing fertilizer, seed are
reused to contain agriculture products after harvesting being the cause of danger

of poison for agriculture products, reducing agriculture value. Around 90%
remaining hauler, trees, roots after harvesting are treated by burn causing dust,
polluting the air seriously. The new forest planting area reduces during period
2010 to 2017.
3.3. Estimating management of agriculture development in the coastal
of Red river delta.
3.3.1. Achieved result
3.3.1.1. About process of developing agriculture development in the
condition of climate change
Managing agriculture development plays role of orientation in agriculture
development in the condition of climate change. Organizing management
system of agriculture development is fairly completed, good operation
mechanism to carry out management targets. Basis of managing agriculture
development has positively supported for management objects of agriculture
development in the condition of climate change. Inspection is carried out
regularly, constantly and effectively to support for agriculture development.
3.3.1.2. Result of process of managing coastal agriculture development in
the condition of climate change
Regularly economic growth contributes positively for common economic
growth of the local. Agriculture proportion in GDP reduces, structure of
agriculture internal industry shifts upon positive direction. Enlarging
consumption market and agriculture products export. The average per capital
income has trend of increasing and higher than average of all country, rate of
poor household reduces and lower than average level of the country.
3.3.2. Existence, limit and cause
3.3.2.1. About the process of managing agriculture development in the
condition of climate change
Management objects are not active in building and implementing
agriculture development. Ability of orienting agriculture development is not
clear. Team of management is lack of quantity (compared to duty), management

object of receipt capacity and policy implementation is not good..
Supporting agriculture development in the condition of climate change

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existing some limit on shifting business production, in mastering abnormal of
climate change, difficulty in land concentration, limit in supporting
technological application, openning high tech agriculture market, supporting
development of economic type in agriculture.
New ínpection focuses on discovering violaiton, not clear the purpose of
orientation, supporting agriculture development.
3.3.2.2. About result of managing agriculture development in the condition
of climate change
Growth speed of agriculture reduces slightly yearly, not compatible with
the population growth. The growth mainly takes place upon the width. Shifting
structure is slow. The average per capital income is not high. Waste from
agriculture production is not gathered and solved upon safe process. New forest
planting area is not much, quantity of new forest planting exists, develops is not
much.
3.3.2.3. Causes of limit
Climate change takes place quickly and strongly, management team is not
updated knowledge regularly, lack of activeness and creation in deploying
policies, lack of motivation in leading and managing. Plan, advocate and policy
are imposed, inflexible and rigid in adjustment.
CHAPTER 4.
POINT OF VIEW, TARGET AND SOLUTION OF AGRICULTURE
DEVELOPMENT IN THE COASTAL AREA OF RED RIVER DELTA
4.1. Predicting circumstance, chance and challengy with coastal
agriculture development management of Red river delta

4.1.1. New circumstance and requirement with managing coastal
agriculture development
4.1.1.1 International circumstance
Economic globalization; the growth of demand and world food crisis;
Quick development of technical science, especially the outcome of industrial
renovation 4.0 are circumstances to create chances, and challengy for agriculture
development in the condition of climate change in Vietnam in general and
coastal area of Red river delta in particular.
4.1.1.2 Domestic circumstance

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Economy of Vietnam has integrated deeply and largely into regional and
world economy. Institution of market economy with the orientation of socialist
republic firstly is built. Vietnam agriculture reaches certain achievements after
30 years of innovation.
4.1.2. Predicting impact of climate change to agriculture developemnt
and request to agriculture development managers
Temperature in the coastal area of Red river delta increases constantly in
the next coming time. Raining volumne in the coastal area of Red river delta has
trend of increasing in XXI century. Monsoon and some extreme climate
phenomena takes place very complicatedly in the coastal area of Red river delta.
Sea level in the coastal area of Red river delta has trend of increasing and being
in danger of flood.
4.1.3. Analyzing strong, weak points and chance, challengy with
managing agriculture development in the coastal area of Red river delta
New circumstance of the world and domestic, especially is the
circumstance of climate change just create the chance, and challengy with
agriculture development and managing coastal agriculture development in Red

river delta. Model of analyzing strong and weak points, chance and challengy is
basis for planning and implementing policies of coastal agriculture development
in the condition of climate change..
4.2. Point of view, target of managing coastal agriculture development
of Red river delta in the condition of climate change.
4.2.1. Point of view of developing agriculture into the coastal area of Red
river delta in the condition of climate change.
Firstly, respecting objective rule, developing goods economy;
Secondly, resecpting natural rules, being suitable with factual condition
Thirdly, applying technology and science is basic way to improve
productivity. Quality and value of agriculture products, economic effectiveness
in the condition of climate change.
Fourthly, climate change is challengy and chance to coastal agriculture
development of Red river delta, in which challengy and chance can be
metabolism together.
4.2.2. View of managing coastal agriculture development of Red river
delta in the condition of climate change.

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Firstly, respecting objective rule with impact in management as: economic
rule, organization rule, psychological rule and natural rule, climate and weather.
Secondly, ensuring basic principles in state management on economy.
Managing coastal agriculture development of Red river delta respects some
basic principles as below: unifying political and social leading; concentrating
democracy; harmony combination with benefits; savings, effectiveness. .
4.2.3. Target of managing coastal agriculture development in the
condition of climate change
4.2.2.1. General target

Upto 2030 raise coastal agriculture to develop sustainably, economic
growth, shifting economic structure, social development, invironment
protection, developing coastal protection forest
4.2.2.2. Specific target
Improving understanding of management team at district level and
residents about agriculture development in the condition of climate change.
Improving effectiveness in estimating current situation of climate change, taking
it as the basis of planing policy. Improving qualification and skill of being
adaptable to climate change for managers and residents in agriculture
development. Agriculture economic growth reaches 4 to 5%. Agriculture
proportion reduces down 10% in 2030. The average per capital income and
living level of residents in the region reach quite good level.
4.3. Solutions, suggestion to develop coastal agriculture of Red river
delta in the condition of climate change
4.3.1. Group of solution to managers of developing coastal agriculture of
Red river delta
On the basis of limits and new circumstance require to promote agriculture
development, it is necessary to improve the qualification of managers by some
solutions as: Firstly, creating mechanism of program, time, and expense for
managers at district level to have chance to improve their qualification.
Secondly, applying flexibly type of income to improve attractive income and
keep high- qualified managers to contribute to agriculture development in the
region. Thirdly, creating more active mechanism in assigning duty, exciting the
creation of mangers to complete their duty. Fourthly, creating good environment
for officers to study, work and dedicate for local agriculture development coping

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with climate change. Fifthly, assigning officers to visit models of managing

agriculture development coping with climate change successfully in domestic
and external. Sixthly, improving awareness of management subjects on planning
ecological area, seasonal plan, help them have correct consultance for higher
managers to make policy. Seventhly, creating good legal corridor for separating
right of owing land sothat managers at district level have basis to carry out
process of concentrating convenient land; Eighthly, managers at district level
strenthen to support residents to approach, apply science and technology in
agriculture development; Ninethly, managers at district level support residents to
shift production from small and rag production to new and modern models.
4.3.2. Group of solution to coastal agriculture production subjects of Red
river delta.
Group of management objects are subjects of production, agriculture
business in the coastal area of Red river delta, with limited analysis, to improve
effectiveness of management in coastal agriculture development in the condition
of climate change needs to have below solutions: Firstly, organizing class to
improve knowledge for residents about agriculture development upon large
meaning about climate change. Secondly, supplying full, clear and closed
information with residents about advocates, policies of agriculture development.
Thirdly, supporting residents to approach, apply policies into their business
production activities; Fifthly, help residents actively send reply about
implementing advocate and policy to have efffective support and adjustment.
Sixthly, strengthening media on policy for residents to penetrate policies.
4.3.3. Recommending with state management to develop agriculture at
central level
About overall planning of agriculture development of Red river delat
coastal area to be adaptable to climate change..
Innovation, completion of mechanism, policy of concentrating resources,
transforming science and technology application, training human resources,
expanding market for agricultural development of Red river delat coastal area.
Diversification forms of economic organization in developing coastal

agricuture of Red river delta.

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Building mechanism of coordinating to promote maximum available
comparation advantages during process of climate change of Red river delta
coastal area.
Mobilizing the participation of related parties in developing coastal
agriculture of Red river delta coping with climate change.
CONCLUSION
Purpose of the thesis is to make clear the real state and proposing some
solutions, recommendations to complete the management of coastal agriculture
development of Red river delta.
On the basis of systematizing, building theoretical basis, the thesis points
out the research of managing agriculture development of Red river delta coastal
area in the confdition of climate change which is carried out upon impacted
period of state management about economy to agriculture development at
district level. Researching to estimate coastal agricultural development
management under view of management process and management result with
criteria about growth, shift of agricultural economic structure, social
development, protecting ecological environment of countryside agriculture.
Basing on theory frame built, the thesis has collected date, survey investigation,
information collection, Analyzing, comprehensing information to take the
achievement, limit in managing agricultural development of Red river delta
coastal area. Finding out the causes of limit and missing to be basis for building
solution, recommendation to complete management of agricultural development
in the condition of climate change. Research result shows that
(i) Climate change has been strongly impacted to agricultural development
of Red river delta coastal area by creating change on climate, soil, water

resource serving agricultural production of Red river delta coastal area. From
that, management of agricultural development needs to change orientation of
development upon planning, building organization, support, inspecting,
adjusting agricultural development upon direction of max promoting new
comparasion advantages caused by climate change. Limit, min reducing
negative impact from climate change to agriculture development..
(ii) The reality of process of managing agricultural development of Red
river delta coastal area, management subjects have carried out well their duty.
Growth, shifting economic structure, social development, protecting ecological
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