BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH 12 UNIT 10: ENDANGERED SPECIES

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UNIT 10: ENDANGERED SPECIES
GLOSSARY
- Word Bank
Noun
Meaning
Verb
Adjective
Note
Extinction
Sự tuyệt chủng
Extinct
Danger
Sự nguy hiểm
Endanger
Endangered
§ Jeopardize
Threaten
Mối đe doa
Threaten
Pollution
Sự ô nhiễm
Pollute
Polluted
§ contamination
§ contaminate
§ contaminated
Urbanization
Đô thị hóa
Urbanize

Habitat
Môi trường sống
Biodiversity
Sự đa dạng sinh
học
Benefit
Lợi ích
Benefit
Beneficial
Có lợi
§ Advantage
Advantageous
Maintain
Duy trì
Species
Loài
Conservation
Sự bảo tồn
Conserve
Preserve
Reserve
Khu bảo tồn
Reserve
Dự trữ, để dành
Vulnerable
Dễ bị ảnh hưởng
Overhunting
Săn bắt quá mức
Survival
Sự sống sót

Survive
Tồn tại
Establish
Thành lập
§ Set up
§ Found
Wildlife
Hoang dã
- Collocations/Idioms
Phrase
Meaning
Phrase
Meaning
Become extinct
Tuyệt chủng
Maintain biodiversity Duy trì đa dạng SH
In danger of
Lâm nguy, gặp nguy
Lead to
Gây ra, dẫn đến…
§ At risk
§ Result in
§ At stake
§ Bring about
Tàn phá môi trường sống Drive smt to the verge Đẩy đến bờ vực …
Habitat destruction
Mất đi môi trường sống On the verge/ edge/
Habitat loss
Có nguy cơ, sắp sửa…
Natural habitat

Môi trường tự nhiên
point/ brink of…
Depend/rely on
Phụ thuộc, dựa vào… Loss of biodiversity
Mất đi đa dạng SH
Benefit from
Được lợi từ
Make an effort
Nỗ lực cố gắng
Enact laws
Ban hành luật
Protect O from
Bảo vệ
A wide range of
Nhiều
Raise awareness
Nâng cao nhận thức
§ A variety of
Take measures
có biện pháp
Solve/address problem Giải quyết vấn đề
Take actions/steps
Có hành động
Do harm to
Gây hại
Vulnerable to
Dễ bị a/h bởi
Badly/severely damaged
Seriously damaged
Bị tàn phá nặng nề

- Practice
Exercise 1: Match each of the word in A with its definition in B.
A
B
1. Extinction
a. damage caused to water, air … by harmful substances or waste
2. Endangered
b. the existence of a wide variety of plant and animal species
3. Pollution
c. to start a company or organization that will continue for a long time
4. Habitat
d. a situation in which something no longer exists
Unit 9: Endangered Species

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5. Biodiversity
e. in danger of being harmed, lost…
6. Establish
f. a helpful or good effect, or something intended to help
7. Benefit
g. to keep and protect something from damage, change, or waste
8. Conserve

h. the natural environment in which an animal or plant usually lives
Exercise 2: Complete each of the following sentences with a word from Exercise 1.
1. Only thinking of their own _______________, many people are seriously destroying the
environment without any hesitation.
2. Those small factories are causing a lot of environmental _______________ with all their
waste and smoke.
3. These animals are now on the verge of _______________ because of overhunting.
4. It is our responsibility to help _______________ the forest and stop its destruction.
5. The host country can take conservation measures to build up or maintain its
_______________.
6. The organization was set up to protect _______________ species from extinction.
7. To save endangered animals from extinction, we should _______________ wildlife habitat
reserves.
8. The main threat to the survival of these creatures comes from their loss of _______________.
Exercise 3: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences.
1. Many plant and animal species are now in danger of _____.
A. extinct
B. extinction
C. disappearance
D. vanishing
2. What should be done to protect _____ animals?
A. frightened
B. threatened
C. endangered
D. dangerous
3. _____ is the act of preventing something from being lost, wasted, damaged or destroyed.
A. Extinction
B. Priority
C. Conservation
D. Biodiversity

4. Conservation is the protection of the _____ environment.
A. nature
B. natural
C. naturally
D. naturalize
5. Many nations have laws offering protection to these species, such as forbidding hunting,
restricting land development or creating _____.
A. agencies
B. reserves
C. awareness
D. challenges
6. _____ is the existence of a wide variety of plant and animal species living in their natural
environment.
A. Biodiversity
B. Conservation
C. Globe
D. Individual
7. If an area is _____, all the trees there are cut down or destroyed.
A. endangered
B. deforested
C. contaminated
D. polluted
8. It is reported that humans are the main reason for most species' declines and habitat _____
and degradation are the leading threats.
A. destroy
B. destructive
C. destructor
D. destruction
9. Chemical wastes from factories are _____ that cause serious damage to species habitats.
A. pollutes

B. pollutants
C. pollutions
D. polluters
10. _____ is one of the main causes of species extinction.
A. Pollution
B. Forestation
C. Population
D. Exploitation
Exercise 4: Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable preposition.
1. We all will benefit _____ protecting our environment from being polluted.
2. The Ozone layer is a layer of gas high above the surface of the earth that helps to protect it
_____ the sun’s ultraviolet radiation, which can damage our skins and cause cancer.
3. We are now depending heavily _____ fossil fuels for energy.
4. The forest has been so heavily logged that it is _____ danger of disappearing.
5. It was feared that the break-up of the oil tanker would result _____ further pollution.
6. Due to overexploitation, many species of plants and animals are _____ the verge of dying out.
7. The animals in this area are highly vulnerable _____ climate change.
8. Water can be harmful _____ organisms and plants which live in the water.
9. Land pollution also brings _____ natural disasters such as flash floods and landslides.
Unit 9: Endangered Species

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10. Thousands of lives will be _____ stake if the extreme heat doesn’t decrease.
Exercise 5: Match each of the words in A with a word in B to make meaningful phrases.
A
B
Your answers
1. Become
a. biodiversity
2. Maintain
b. laws
3. Address
c. range of
4. Enact
d. damaged
5. Habitat
e. extinct
6. Raise
f. loss
7. Severely
g. actions
8. Do
h. awareness
9. A wide
i. a problem
10. Take
j. harm to
Exercise 6: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences.
1. Air pollution contributes to the greenhouse effect which can _____ a series of environmental
problems.
A. lead to
B. result from

C. bring up
D. lead in
2. Deforestation results _____ climate change, global warming, extreme floods and erosion.
A. from
B. in
C. to
D. of
3. The giant panda is _____ because its habitat is being destroyed.
A. dangerous
B. danger
C. endanger
D. endangered
4. They are investigating the _____ global warming will have on us over the next 50 years.
A. change
B. effect
C. result
D. outcome
5. Animals are dying _____ far more often than you might think.
A. from
B. out
C. for
D. of
6. Different activities should be carried out to raise people’s _____ about the matter of pollution.
A. knowledge
B. thought
C. awareness
D. understanding
7. The habitats for endangered animals are being _____ damaged and polluted.
A. seriously
B. extremely

C. really
D. hugely
8. Government should take measures to stop people from doing _____ to the environment.
A. damage
B. destruction
C. harm
D. bad
9. There are a number of _____ that should be taken to protect endangered animals.
A. measures
B. methods
C policies
D. activities
10. Probability of extinction depends _____ both the population size and fine details of the
population demography.
A. on
B. in
C. from
D. for
11. 15,589 species (7,266 animal species and 8,323 plant species) are now considered _____ risk
_____ extinction.
A. at/ of
B. on/ in
C. for/ with
D. in/ at
12. Many nations _____ laws offering protection to these species, such as forbidding hunting,
restricting land development or creating reserves.
A. enact
B. do
C. create
D. provide

13. The disappearance of forests _____ a lot of bad changes to the habitats of many species.
A. makes
B. leads
C. causes
D. results from
14. We should take actions to _____ the remaining species on the Red List from extinction.
A. protect
B. hunt
C. threaten
D. conserve
15. It is reported that humans are the main reason for most species' declines and habitat _____
and degradation are the leading threats.
A. destroy
B. destructive
C. destructor
D. destruction
16. Clearing forests for timber has resulted ______ the loss of biodiversity.
A. with
B. at
C. in
D. for
Unit 9: Endangered Species

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17. Toxic chemicals from factories are one of the serious factors that leads wildlife to the ______
of extinction.
A. wall
B. fence
C. verge
D. bridge
18. Although we are aware _____ the importance of environment, we still overexploit it.
A. from
B. on
C. for
D. of
19. Whales are one species that is _____ danger of extinction
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. out
20. In this forest, there is a wide _____ of floras and faunas.
A. chance
B. number
C. range
D. circle
Exercise 7: Choose the word(s) that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s).
1. Water is this well cannot be drunk. It’s contaminated.
A. polluted
B. fresh
C. processed
D. damaged
2. Humans depend on species diversity to provide food, clean air and water, and fertile soil for

agriculture.
A. raise
B. produce
C. supply
D. reserve
3. Many schools provide environmental education to increase students' awareness of
conservation needs.
A. effort
B. benefit
C. exploitation
D. knowledge
4. Being listed as an endangered species can have negative effect since it could make a species
more desirable for collectors and poachers.
A. awareness
B. preservation
C. support
D. impact
5. An endangered species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct.
A. in danger
B. on purpose
C. at random
D. at ease
PRONUNCIATION
The pronunciation of ‘EA’.
Spelling Pronunciation
Examples
[e]
Head, Bread, Steady, Jealous, Measure, Leather, Heavy, Instead,
Sweat …
[i:]

East, Easy, Heat, Beam, Dream, Breathe, Creature, Eat, Seat, Clean,
Lean, Bean …
EA
[ə:]
Learn, Earth, Heard, Pearl …
[eə]
Bear, Pear, Swear, Wear …
[iə]
Tear, Clear, Beard, Dear …
[ei]
Great, Break, Steak …
Choose the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation.
1. A. head
B. bean
C. meal
D. team
2. A. great
B. cheap
C. clean
D. mean
3. A. dream
B. wear
C. treat
D. mean
4. A. meat
B. threat
C. seat
D. meat
5. A. decrease
B. deal

C. great
D. peak
6. A. tea
B. leather
C. leave
D. lead
7. A. leader
B. defeat
C. measure
D. creature
8. A. heavy
B. head
C. weather
D. easy
9. A. spread
B. wear
C. bear
D. pear
10. A. clean
B. instead
C. dream
D. beat
GRAMMAR: Modal Verbs
Basic Form:
- Can:
Ø Diễn tả khả năng của con người ở hiện tại.
§ I can play the trumpet.
Ø Yêu cầu, đề nghị, xin phép thân mật.
§ Can I have another cup of coffee, please?
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Ø Can’t: không thể làm gì hoặc diễn tả một sự việc không có khả năng xảy ra ở hiện tại.
§ He can’t be hungry. He has just had dinner.
- Could:
Ø Khả năng trong quá khứ.
§ Could you ride a bike when you were 6? – I couldn’t.
Ø Lời yêu cầu trịnh trọng.
§ Could you turn down the sound a bit?
- May/Might:
Ø Dự đoán không chắc ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
§ You may/might get pregnant if you don’t wear this condom.
Ø Lời đề nghị, cho phép (lịch sự).
§ May I see your ticket please?
- Must:
Ø Diễn tả mệnh lệnh.
§ You must pay the fine by Friday.
Ø Sự bắt buộc từ người nói.
§ I must have my hair cut. It is such a mess.
Ø Dự đoán chắc chắn ở hiện tại.
§ You must like your job because you seem so happy.
Ø Mustn’t: không được phép = be not allowed/permitted to.

§ You mustn’t use your phone during the test.
- Should = ought to = had better
Ø Diễn tả lời khuyên ở hiện tại/tương lai.
§ You should get married before it’s too late.
- Have to:
Ø Phải làm gì (yêu cầu từ người khác)
§ You have to put on your seat belt now.
- Need:
Ø Need to V-inf: cần phải làm.
Ø Needn’t V: không cần = don’t have/need to.
§ You needn’t tell me who you went out with last night.
§ You don’t have/need to tell me who you went out with.
Choose the word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences.
1. When he was young, he _____ swim very well. He won medals and championships!
A. had to
B. can
C. could
D. should
2. It's wet and windy outside today. You _____ go out without an umbrella.
A. shouldn't
B. won't
C. mustn’t
D. don't have to
3. I think that sign means we _____ enter the building. Look, there's a security guard too.
A. won't
B. have to
C. mustn't
D. needn’t
4. You _____ use your mobile phone during the test. It's against the rules.
A. mightn't

B. mustn't
C. oughtn't
D. needn't
5. I'm not sure, but Tony _____ probably get that demanding job.
A. must
B. need
C. ought
D. might
6. All students _____ hand in their assignments by Friday at the latest.
A. ought
B. might
C. must
D. may
7. You _____ pass the exam in order to graduate from high school.
A. must
B. can
C. may
D. might
8. Tom watches all the Liverpool games. He _____ be one of their biggest fans.
A. couldn't
B. has got
C. must
D. shouldn’t
9. Will your plane we late this afternoon?- It _____. The airport was closed this morning.
A. couldn't be
B. may be
C. mustn’t be
D. cannot be
10. My sister ____ come back from London tonight, but I’m not sure.
Unit 9: Endangered Species

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A. may
B. ought to
C. must
D. needn’t
Modals In The Past
- Must haveV3: Chắc chắn đã làm
Ø The room smells do good. He must have cleaned it.
- Can’t/couldn’t have V3: Chắc chán đã không làm. (Không dùng mustn’t have V3).
Ø Peter was punished by the teacher again. He can’t have done his homework.
- May/might/can/could (not) have V3: Có lẽ đã (không) làm gì.
Ø Tom hasn’t arrived yet. – He might have taken the wrong train.
- Should (not)/ought (not) to have V3: Lẽ ra đã (không) nên làm.
Ø The teacher was really angry. You shouldn’t have behaved so impolitely.
- Needn’t have V3: Lẽ ra đã không cần (nhưng đã làm rồi).
Ø These flowers are for you sweet heart. – Thanks! You needn’t have bought them.
Cấu trúc tương đương với modal verbs.
Cấu trúc
Hiện tại
Quá khứ
Surely

Certainly
Must + Infinitive
Must have V3
I’m sure
Can’t + Infinitive
Can’t have V3
I’m certain
I know that
You are not allowed to
You are obliged to
Must (not) infinitive
It is compulsory
Perhaps
Maybe
May/might (not) infinitive
May/might (not) have V3
I’m not sure
It be possible/likely
It be careless/wrong to
I suggest that
Should (not) /ought to infinitive Should (not)/ought (not) to have V3
It be a good idea
Wish
There be no need to
It be (un)necessary to Needn’t infinitive/don’t need to Needn’t have V3
It be (not) essential to
Choose the option that best completes each of the following sentences.
1. Peter has been working for 10 hours. He _____ be very tired now.
A. needn't
B. must

C. has to
D. should
2. I am not deaf. You _____ shout.
A. must
B. mustn't
C. need
D. needn’t
3. We have plenty of time for doing the work. We _____ be hurried.
A. needn't
B. shouldn't
C. mustn't
D. mayn't
4. Susan _____ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly.
A. mustn't
B. couldn't
C. can't
D. needn't
5. Jane often wears beautiful new clothes. She _____ be very rich.
A. must
B. could
C. might
D. needn’t
6. _____ I have a day off tomorrow? - Of course not. We have a lot of things to do.
A. Must
B. Will
C. May
D. Need
7. You _____ take your umbrella along with you today. It _____ rain later on this afternoon.
A. ought to / mustn't B. needn't / will
C. will / must

D. should / might
8. I do not mind at all. You _____ apologize.
A. shouldn't
B. needn't
C. mustn't
D. oughtn't to
9. _____ you play the piano when you were a child?
A. May
B. Could
C. Can
D. Should
Unit 9: Endangered Species

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10. _____ I borrow your dictionary?
A. Might
B. May
C. Am I able to
D. Need
11. I'm not sure but Jane _____ come to visit me this afternoon.
A. might
B. could

C. must
D. ought to
12. Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He _____ it here last night.
A. must have left
B. should have left C. must be leaving
D. needn't leave
13. John failed again. He _____ harder.
A. must have tried B. should have tried C. can tried
D. may have tried
14. I wonder who drank all the milk yesterday. It _____ have been Mary because she was out all
day.
A. can’t
B. must
C. could
D. needn’t
15. You _____ introduce me to Dr. Gray. We have already met.
A. shouldn’t
B. needn’t
C. mustn’t
D. couldn’t
Choose the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to the sentence printed before it.
1. Sally paid for her travel in advance, but it wasn’t necessary.
A. Sally needn't have paid for her travel in advance.
B. Sally might not have paid for her travel in advance.
C. Sally may not have paid for her travel in advance.
D. Sally couldn’t have paid for her travel in advance.
2. .I am sure he did not know that his brother graduated with flying colors.
A. He should not have been envious of his brother’s achievement.
B. He cannot have known that his brother graduated with very high marks.
C. That his brother graduated with flying colors must have been appreciated by him.

D. He may not know that his brother is flying gradually up in a colorful balloon.
3. I‘m sure Luisa was very disappointed when she failed the exam.
A. Luisa must be very disappointed when she failed the exam.
B. Luisa must have been very disappointed when she failed the exam.
C. Luisa may be very disappointed when she failed the exam
D. Luisa could have been very disappointed when she failed the exam.
4. I really believe my letter came as a great surprise to John.
A. John might be very surprised to receive my letter.
B. John might have been very surprised to receive my letter.
C. John must be very surprised to receive my letter.
D. John must have been very surprised to receive my letter.
5. It’s possible that the plane has been delayed because of the bad weather.
A. It’s certainly the bad weather which has resulted in the plane’s being late.
B. It may be the bad weather that has caused the plane to be delayed.
C. The weather must have been very bad, or else their plane wouldn’t have been delayed.
D. The obvious reason for the plane’s being delayed for so long is the bad weather.
6. It’s likely that I’ll have left the party before she shows up.
A. I would like to have left the party before she arrives.
B. She won’t be able to find me at the party when she finally arrives.
C. By the time she arrives at the party, I may well have already gone.
D. Once she has got to party, I will probably leave.
7. I’m not sure that the Aziz Nesin Theatre Group’s version of The Idiot appeals to me, even if
my brother can babysit.
A. Had my brother been able to babysit, I might have gone to see the Aziz Nesin Theatre
Group’s version of The Idiot.
B. If my brother agrees to babysit, we can go to the Aziz Nesin Theatre Group’s version of
The Idiot, which I think you might enjoy.
C. I probably wouldn’t have enjoyed Aziz Nesin Theatre Group’s version of The Idiot, but
my brother couldn’t babysit for us anyway.
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D. My brother might be able to babysit, but even so, I’m not convinced that the Aziz Nesin
Theatre Group’s version of The Idiot is something I would enjoy.
8. I certainly won’t be lending Bruce any books again any time soon.
A. I may be lending some books to Bruce this time, but I probably won’t do so anymore.
B. It’s certain that I won’t let Bruce borrow any books for such a long time again.
C. Bruce definitely won’t be returning any books that he borrowed from me soon.
D. It’ll definitely be a long time before I allow Bruce to borrow any more books.
Rewrite each of the following sentences without changing the meaning.
1. I’m sure that he didn’t attend the Conference on Wildlife Protection yesterday.
ð He
.
2. I’m certain that he buried something in the garden.
ð He
.
3. I'm sure she thinks I'm stupid.
ð She
.
4. I’m sure that he has finished the exercise.
ð He
.

5. We are certain that it was a disaster.
ð It
.
6. It is necessary for all the students to take part in the course.
ð All the students
.
7. You can give the tour guide a tip but it is not necessary.
ð You
.
8. It is unnecessary for him to take a thick coat.
ð He
.
9. It wasn’t necessary for them to have reserved the tickets.
ð They
.
10. It is essential for students to buy a good dictionary.
ð Students
.
11. It wasn’t a good idea for us to ask the other couple to come with us.
ð We
.
12. It was careless of him to go without checking the times.
ð He ought
.
13. It was wrong of you to take money from my purse without asking.
ð You
.
14. I think she's wrong to make promises which she doesn't keep.
ð She
.

15. It was a mistake to sell the house. I wish I hadn't.
ð I
.
16. It’s possible the weather will be sunny tomorrow.
ð The weather
.
17. Perhaps Mr Smith murdered his wife.
ð Mr Smith
.
18. It’s possible that Mr Smith committed a crime.
ð Mr Smith
.
19. It’s likely that he will be convicted of the offence.
ð He
.
20. Maybe he won the lottery.
ð He
.

Unit 9: Endangered Species

By Thay GIao Thao – Teacher Of English

High Quality English Teaching

8