UNIT 9 NATURAL DISATERS

UNIT 9. NATURAL DISATERS
PART A: VOCABULARY
1
2
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19
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WORDS
accommodation (n)
collapse (v)

disaster (n)
drought (n)
earthquake (n)
eruption (n)
evacuate (v)
homeless (adj)
mudslide (n)
put out (v)
rage (v)
rescue worker (n)
scatter (v)
shake (v)
trap (v)
tsunami (n)
typhoon (n)
volcanic (adj)

PRONUNCIATION
/əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/
/ˈberi/
/kəˈlæps/
/ˈdæmɪdʒ/
/dɪˈzɑːstə/
/draʊt/
/ˈɜːθkweɪk/
/ɪˈrʌpt/
/ɪˈrʌpʃn/
/ɪˈvækjueɪt/
/ˈfɒrɪst faɪər/
/ˈhəʊmləs/

/ˈmʌdslaɪd/
/pʊt aʊt/
/reɪdʒ/
/ˈreskjuː ˈwɜːkə/
/ˈskætə/
/ʃeɪk/
/tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/
/træp/
/tsuːˈnɑːmi/
/taɪˈfuːn/
/ˈvɪktɪm/
/vɒlˈkænɪk/
/vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/

MEANING
chôn vùi, vùi lấp
sự thiệt hại, sự hư hại

phun (núi lửa)

cháy rừng

lốc xoáy

nạn nhân
núi lửa

PART B: GRAMMAR
1. Passive voice (câu bị động)
Câu bị động là loại câu được sử dụng khi chúng ta muốn nhấn mạnh vào bản thân một

hành động, chủ thể thực hiện hành động hay tác nhân gây ra hành động đó không quá
quan trọng.


Cấu trúc
Câu chủ động
Câu bị động

S1
S2

V
TO BE

O
PII

Khi chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động, chú ý những điểm sau:
·Tân ngữ trong câu chủ động (O) => chủ ngữ trong câu bị động (S2)
·Động từ trong câu bị động luôn ở dạng: TO BE + PII (TO BE chia theo chủ ngữ
mới của câu bị động cho hợp ngôi/thì)
Ví dụ:
They planted a tree in the garden. (Họ đã trồng một cái cây ở trong vườn.)
-> A tree was planted in the garden (by them). (Một cái cây được trồng ở trong vườn (bởi
họ).)
Bảng chia câu chủ động sang câu bị động ở các thi
Thi
Chủ động
Bị động
Hiện tại đơn

S + V(s/es) + O
S + am/is/are + P2
Hiện tại tiếp diễn
S + am/is/are + V-ing + O
S + am/is/are + being + P2
Hiện tại hoàn thành
S + have/has + P2 + O
S + have/has + been + P2
Quá khứ đơn
S + V(ed/Ps) + O
S + was/were + P2
Quá khứ tiếp diễn
S + was/were + V-ing + O
S + was/were + being + P2
Quá khứ hoàn thành
S + had + P2 + O
S + had + been + P2
Tương lai đơn
S + will + V-infi + O
S + will + be + P2
Tương lai hoàn thành
S + will + have + P2 + O
S + will + have + been + P2
Tương lai gần
S + am/is/are going to + V-infiS + am/is/are going to + be + P2
+O
Động từ khuyết thiếu
S + ĐTKT + V-infi + O
S + ĐTKT + be + P2
2. Past perfect (Thi quá khứ hoàn thành)

Thì quá khứ hoàn thành dùng để diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác
và cả hai hành động này đều đã xảy ra trong quá khứ. Hành động nào xảy ra trước thì
dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành, hành động xảy ra sau thì dùng thì quá khứ đơn.
Ví dụ:
- He had slept when we came into the house
- They had finished their project right before the deadline last week.

- Công thức thi quá khứ hoàn thành và ví dụ


Câu khẳng định
S + had + VpII

Câu phủ định
S + hadn’t + VpII

Câu nghi vấn
Had + S + VpII ?
Yes, S + had.

– hadn’t = had not

No, S + hadn’t.

Ví dụ:

Ví dụ:

Ví dụ:

– He had gone out when I

– She hadn’t come home – Had the film endedwhen you

came into the house. (Anh ấy when I got there. (Cô ấy

arrived at the cinema? (Bộ

đã đi ra ngoài khi tôi vào

vẫn chưa về nhà khi tôi về.) phim đã kết thúc khi bạn tới

nhà.)

– They hadn’t

– They had finished their

finished their lunch when I Yes, it had./ No, it hadn’t

work right before the

saw them. (Họ vẫn chưa

deadline last week .(Họ đã

ăn xong bữa trưa khi trông

hoàn thành công việc của họ

thấy họ).

rạp chiếu phim phải không?)

ngay trước hạn chót vào tuần
trước.

- Thi quá khứ hoàn thành thường được dùng kèm với các giới từ và liên từ như:
Until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after, for, as soon as, by, ...
Before, after, when by, by the time, by the end of + time in the past …
Ví dụ:
When I got up this morning, my father had already left.
By the time I met you, I had worked in that company for five years.

PART C: PRACTICE


I. Circle the word marked A, B, C or D with a different stress pattern from the
others.
1. A. collapse
B. damage
C. erupt
D. affect
2. A. disaster

B. eruption

C. pollution

D. permanent

3. A. volcano

B. temperature

C. illustrate

D. station

4. A. tsunami

B. typhoon

C. thunderstorm

D. tornado

5. A. accommodation

B. contribution

C. evacuation

D. contamination

II. Find the odd A, B, C or D
1. A. thunderstorm B. storm

C. tornado

D. disaster

2. A. drought

B. flood

C. climate

D. mudslide

3. A. thunderstorm

B. typhoon

C. pollutant

D. tsunami

4. A. erupt

B. collapse

C. damage

D. destroy

5. A. groundwater

B. mineral water

C. fresh water

D. drink

III. Choose the correct option for each gap in the sentences
1. Typhoons are severe tropical storms. They sometimes happen in my ________.
A. stay
B. home
C. house
D. hometown
2. When a typhoon happened, many houses and roads _________ destroyed or flooded.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
3. Last year, there was a big typhoon in my area. It caused extensive damage to our
__________.
A. property
B. furniture
C. wealth
D. savings
4. The government sent rescue food, drink and medical supplies to ________ homes.
A. flood
B. flooding
C. flooded
D. floods
5. All people who were without homes in the flood were provide with ________
accommodation.
A. short
B. temporary

C. present
D. instant
6. When the earthquake happened, almost people in this building managed to run of it.
A. economic
B. economy
C. economical
D. economize
7. ________ is the most common natural disaster in your country? Snowstorms.
A. What
B. Which
C. How
D. Do
8. The___________ buried the whole village while people were sleeping in their houses.
A. mudslide
B. tornado
C. drought
D. thunderstorm


9. ________workers were sent to the area immediately but no villager was survived when
the landslide happened.
A. Rescue
B. Help
C. Assistance
D. Volunteer
10. What _______ we do to prevent these natural disasters?
A. may
B. ought
C. should
D. be able

IV. Complete each sentences with the correct word from the box.
drought

flood

hurricane

landslide

tornado

1. When there is a , a lot of water covers an area where there usually isn’t water.
2. A refers to a long time without rain.
3. When there is a , a lot of rocks and earth fall down a hill.
4. A is a storm with a lot of wind that moves over water.
5.A

is a storm in which the air moves very quickly in a circle.

V. Fill in each of the numbered blank in the following passage, using the
appropriate words or phrases given in the box.
a

because of

blown

causes

normal

dry

suffer

irrigated

wells

drops

Drought is an condition that results when the average rainfall for a fertile area (1)
far below the normal amount for (2)
long period of time. In
areas that are not (3)
, the lack of rain (4)
farm
crops to wither and die. Higher than (5)
temperatures usually accompany
periods of droughts. The soil of a drought area becomes (6) and crumbles. Often the
rich topsoil is (7)
away by the hot, dry winds. Streams, ponds, and (8) often
dry up during a drought, and animals (9)
and may even die (10)
the lack of water.
VI)-Circle the correct verbs in the brackets in this story.
My Great Grandmother Meets Hurricane Cleo
Hurricane Cleo struck the United States in August, 1964. My great grandmother,
Ana, was travelling in Miami when the hurricane struck. She (1. said/told) me that she
still remembers how scared everyone was.

She (2. said/told) me that the hotel (3. has called/ had called) her room one
morning and (4. had said/ had told) her that a big storm (5. is/ was) on its way. They said
that all hotel guests (6. have to/ had to) stay in the hotel until the weather forecast (7.
tell/said) that it (8. is/was) safe to leave.


She stayed in her room and she turned on the TV, the reports said that a lot of
people (9. have been/ had been) injured and that all the roads (10. are/were) flooded. She
always (11. says/said) that she still (12. feels/felt) lucky to have survived Hurricane Cleo.
VII)-Complete the sentences with the past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.

1.

Anita said she was very sorry for what she (do)

2.

When Sam (pay)

3.

It wasn’t surprising that she was tired – she (not sleep) for two days.

4.

The road was blocked because a lorry (break down)

5.

My mother felt very nervous on the plane because she (not fly)________before.

6.

.

the bill, we felt the restaurant and went home.

.

(they /go) home when you arrived?

7.

I (hear) the story before, so I didn’t find it very interesting.

8.

After she (try on)
one.

all the dresses in the shop, she bought the most expensive

9.

They (not have)

breakfast when I got up.

10.

The children were very excited because they (not see) a tiger before.

VIII)-Read the passage, and put the verbs in brackets in the correct passive forms.
The Titanic was a huge ship. It (1. build) in Liverpool, England, and sank on its first trip
in 1912. Today, you can visit the Titanic Museum in Missouri, USA and see what life was
like for people on the Titanic. Visitors (2. greet)
y people in costumes and (3. give)
tickets for their journey. Inside,
the museum (4. decorate) with things from the real Titanic passengers, like clothes,
letters, and jewelry. All the items (5.keep)
in good conditions. You can learn
about the passengers and explore the world’s most famous ship.
IX)-Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.
El Nino and La Nina
The tropical Pacific Ocean (1)
a warming and cooling cycle. This cycle is a
completely natural event and usually (2)
between three to seven years.


When the waters become (3)
, it is called El Nino, and when they become cooler it
is called La Nina. During the cycle, the (4)
of the ocean can change by around 3oC
between the warmest and coolest times.
(5)_________off the South American coast have known about this
(6)________event for hundreds of years. When it (7)
, they see a huge fall in the
numbers of fish caught. But scientists are only just beginning to (8)_______how the
event affects Earth’s weather and climate.