Vận dụng dạy học tích hợp trong dạy học chủ đề thống kê ở trường trung học cơ sở (luận văn thạc sĩ)

%Ӝ*,È2'Ө&9¬Ĉ¬27Ҥ2
8%1'7ӌ1+3+Ò7+Ӑ
75ѬӠ1*ĈҤ,+Ӑ&+Ô1*9ѬѪ1*

1*Ӑ&7+ӎ9Æ1$1+

9Ұ1'Ө1*'Ҥ<+Ӑ&7Ë&++Ӧ37521*'Ҥ<+Ӑ&
&+ӪĈӄ7+Ӕ1*.ÇӢ75ѬӠ1*7581*+Ӑ&&Ѫ6Ӣ

&KX\rQQJjQK/êOXұQYjSKѭѫQJSKiSGҥ\KӑFEӝP{Q7RiQ
0mQJjQh: 81401111

3K~7Kӑ, QăP2019


i

/Ӡ,&$0Ĉ2$1
7rQW{LOj1JӑF7Kӏ9kQ$QK KӑFYLrQFDRKӑFFKX\rQQJjQK/êOXұQYj
SKѭѫQJ SKiS Gҥ\ KӑF Eӝ P{Q 7RiQ 7UѭӡQJ ĈҥL KӑF +QJ 9ѭѫQJ NKyD KӑF
2017-  7{L[LQFDPÿRDQ/XұQYăQQj\ OjF{QJWUuQK QJKLrQFӭXWKӵF Vӵ
FӫDFiQKkQÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQGѭӟLVӵKѭӟQJGүQNKRDKӑFFӫD3*6769NJ4XӕF
Chung.
/XұQ YăQ WXkQ WKӫ ÿ~QJ QJX\rQ WҳF Yj NӃW TXҧ WUuQK Ej\ WURQJ OXұQ YăQ
ÿѭӧFWKXWKұSWURQJTXiWUuQKQJKLrQFӭXOjWUXQJWKӵFFKѭDWӯQJF{QJEӕWUѭӟF
ÿk\
7{L[LQFKӏXWUiFKQKLӋPYӅQJKLrQFӭXFӫDPuQh.
3K~7KӑQJj\ WKiQJ QăP
7iFJLҧOXұQYăQ

1JӑF7Kӏ9kQ$QK

ii

LӠI CҦ0Ѫ1
ĈӅWjL³9ұQGөQJGҥ\KӑFWtFKKӧSWURQJGҥ\KӑFFKӫÿӅ7KӕQJNrӣ
WUѭӡQJ7UXQJKӑF Fѫ Vӣ´ÿѭӧFKRjQWKLӋQVDXPӝWTXiWUuQKEҧQWKkQWtFKONJ\
NLӃQWKӭFKӑFWұSYjQJKLrQFӭXFKX\rQQJjQK/êOXұQYjSKѭѫQJSKiSGҥ\KӑF
EӝP{Q7RiQWҥL7UѭӡQJĈҥLKӑF+QJ9ѭѫQJĈӇFyÿѭӧFNӃWTXҧWURQJOXұQ
YăQQJRjLVӵQӛOӵFFӕJҳQJFӫDEҧQWKkQWURQJVXӕWTXiWUuQKWLӃQKjQKQJKLrQ
FӭXKRjQWKLӋQÿӅWjLW{LÿmQKұQÿѭӧFVӵÿӝQJYLrQJL~SÿӥVӵKѭӟQJGүQWұQ
WuQKFӫDFiFWKҫ\F{JLiRWURQJ.KRD.KRDKӑFWӵQKLrQYjFiFWKҫ\F{ÿmWUӵF
WLӃSJLҧQJGҥ\JL~SÿӥFKRW{LWURQJTXiWUuQKKӑFWұSYjQJKLrQFӭXWҥLWUѭӡQJ
ĈһF ELӋW W{L [LQ ÿѭӧF JӱL OӡL FҧP ѫQ FKkQ WKjQK WӟL 3*6769NJ 4XӕF
Chung ± 7Kҫ\ÿmWUӵFWLӃSJL~SÿӥKѭӟQJGүQFKRW{LWURQJVXӕWTXiWUuQKQJKLrQ
FӭXYjKRjQWKLӋQEҧQOXұQYăQQj\
' ÿm UҩW Fӕ JҳQJ VRQJ OXұQ YăQ NK{QJ WKӇ WUiQK NKӓL QKӳQJ WKLӃX VyW
5ҩW PRQJ QKұQ ÿѭӧFVӵ JyS ê FKӍ GүQ FӫD TXê WKҫ\ F{ JLiR Yj FiF EҥQ ÿӗQJ
QJKLӋSÿӇOXұQYăQÿѭӧFKRjQWKLӋQ
;LQWUkQWKjQKFҧPѫQ
3K~7Kӑ QJj\ WKiQJQăP
7iFJLҧ

1JӑF7Kӏ9kQ$QK


iii

MӨC LӨC
/Ӡ,&$0Ĉ2$1 ................................................................................................... i

LӠI CҦ0Ѫ1 ........................................................................................................ ii
DANH MӨ&&È&7Ӯ 9,Ç77ҲT ....................................................................... v
MӢ ĈҪU ................................................................................................................ 6
7tQKFҩp thiӃt cӫDÿӅ WjL ..................................................................................... 6
2. Tәng quan vӅ OƭQKYӵFQJKLrQFӭu ..................................................................... 8
3. MөFWLrXYjQKLӋm vө QJKLrQFӭu .................................................................... 10
ĈӕLWѭӧQJYjSKҥPYLQJKLrQFӭu .................................................................... 11
5. Giҧ thuyӃt khoa hӑc ......................................................................................... 11
&iFKWLӃp cұQYj SKѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQFӭu ...................................................... 11
éQJKƭDOtOXұQYjWKӵc tiӉn .............................................................................. 12
&KѭѫQJ &Ѫ6Ӣ /Ë/8Ұ19¬7+ӴC TIӈN CӪA VIӊC VҰN DӨNG DҤY
HӐC 7Ë&+ +ӦP TRONG DҤY HӐC CHӪ Ĉӄ THӔ1* .Ç Ӣ 75ѬӠNG
TRUNG HӐC &Ѫ6Ӣ .......................................................................................... 13
1.1. &ѫVӣ OtOXұn .................................................................................................. 13
1.1.1. Dҥy hӑc ttFKKӧp ........................................................................................ 13
1.1.2. Dҥy hӑFWtFKKӧSWURQJP{Q7RiQ ............................................................. 28
1.1.3. Mӝt sӕ vҩQÿӅ vӅ ThӕQJNr ........................................................................ 30
1.1.4. MөFÿtFK\rXFҫu cӫa viӋc dҥy hӑc chӫ ÿӅ ThӕQJNrӣ WUѭӡng trung hӑc
FѫVӣ ..................................................................................................................... 33
1.1.5. CҩX WU~F Qӝi dung chӫ ÿӅ ThӕQJ Nr ӣ 7+&6&KѭѫQJ WUuQK KLӋQ KjQK 7RiQ
................................................................................................................. 34
1.2. KhҧRViWWKӵc trҥng ....................................................................................... 35
1.2.1. MөFÿtFKkhҧRViW ...................................................................................... 35
1.2.2. ĈӏDÿLӇm khҧRViW ....................................................................................... 35
1.2.3. ĈӕLWѭӧng khҧRViW ..................................................................................... 35
1.2.4. 3KѭѫQJSKiSkhҧRViW ................................................................................ 35
1.2.5. Nӝi dung khҧRViW (Xem phҫn phө lөc 1, 2) .............................................. 36


iv

1.2.6. KӃt quҧ khҧRViW ......................................................................................... 36
1.2.7. NhұQÿӏnh khҧRViW ..................................................................................... 38
KӃt luұQFKѭѫQJ ................................................................................................ 40
&+ѬѪ1*  9ҰN DӨNG DҤY HӐ& 7Ë&+ +ӦP TRONG DҤY HӐC CHӪ
Ĉӄ THӔ1*.ÇӢ 75ѬӠNG TRUNG HӐ&&Ѫ6Ӣ ........................................ 41
2.1. Mӝt sӕ ÿӏQKKѭӟQJ[k\Gӵng biӋQSKiS ....................................................... 41
 ĈӏQK Kѭӟng 1: Dҥy hӑF WtFK KӧS KѭӟQJ ÿӃQ SKiW WULӇQ QăQJ OӵF ÿiS ӭng
\rXFҫXÿәi mӟLJLiRGөc ..................................................................................... 41
ĈӏQKKѭӟng 2: Dҥy hӑc thӕQJNrSKҧLSKKӧp vӟi cҩp Trung hӑFFѫVӣ . 46
ĈӏQKKѭӟng 3: Dҥy hӑF;iFVXҩt thӕQJNrQyLFKXQJYjGҥy hӑc ThӕQJNr
QyLULrQJSKҧi gҳn liӅn vӟi thӵc tiӉn .................................................................... 47
2.2. Mӝt sӕ biӋQSKiS ........................................................................................... 50
2.2.1. BiӋQSKiS: Dҥy hӑc chӫ ÿӅ ThӕQJNrJҳn vӟi thӵc tiӉn ......................... 50
2.2.2. BiӋQSKiS'ҥy hӑc chӫ ÿӅ ThӕQJNrWKHRKѭӟQJWtFKKӧp nӝLP{Q ..... 59
2.2.3. BiӋQSKiS3: Dҥy hӑc ThӕQJNrWURQJFKӫ ÿӅ WtFKKӧp OLrQP{Q .............. 63
KӃt luұQFKѭѫQJ ................................................................................................ 75
&+ѬѪ1*3. THӴC NGHIӊ06Ѭ3+ҤM ........................................................ 76
3.1. MөFÿtFKYjêQJKƭDWKӵc nghiӋm ............................................................... 796
3.1.1. MөFÿtFK ..................................................................................................... 76
3.1.éQJKƭD ....................................................................................................... 76
3.2. ĈӕLWѭӧng thӵc nghiӋm ................................................................................. 79
3.3. TiӃQWUuQKWKӵc nghiӋm .................................................................................. 79
3.4. KӃt quҧ thӵc nghiӋm ..................................................................................... 79
3.4ĈӅ kiӇPWUDYjGөQJêVѭSKҥm ................................................................. 79
3.47KDQJÿLӇPYjÿiSiQ ................................................................................ 80
3.43KkQWtFKNӃt quҧ thӵc nghiӋm ................................................................... 81
KӃt luұQFKѭѫQJ ................................................................................................ 82
KӂT LUҰN .......................................................................................................... 84
7¬,/,ӊU THAM KHҦO .................................................................................... 85

PHӨ LӨC ............................................................................................................ 87


v

DANH MӨ&&È&7Ӯ 9,Ç77ҲT
&Ĉ7+

&KӫÿӅWtFKKӧS

DHTH

'ҥ\KӑFWtFKKӧS

Ĉ&

ĈӕLFKӭQJ

*49Ĉ

*LҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅ

GV

*LiRYLrQ

HS

+ӑFVLQK

KHTN

.KRDKӑFWӵQKLrQ

KHXH

.KRDKӑF[mKӝL

KN

.ƭQăQJ

KT

.LӃQWKӭF

NL

1ăQJOӵF

NXB

1Kj[XҩWEҧQ

PPDH

3KѭѫQJSKiSGҥ\KӑF

THCS

7UXQJKӑFFӣVӣ

THPT

7UXQJKӑFSKәWK{QJ

TN

7KӵFQJKLӋP


6

MӢ ĈҪU
7tQKFҩp thiӃt cӫDÿӅ WjL
%iRFiRFKtQKWUӏ cӫa Ban chҩSKjQK7UXQJѭѫQJĈҧng cӝng sҧn ViӋt Nam
tҥLĈҥi hӝLÿҥi biӇXWRjQTXӕc lҫn thӭ VIII cӫDĈҧQJÿmNKҷQJÿӏQK³*LiRGͭFYj
ÿjR W̩R Oj TX͙F ViFK KjQJ ÿ̯u nh̹P QkQJ FDR GkQ WUt ÿjR W̩R QKkQ O͹c, b͛i
G˱ͩQJQKkQWjL´
Trong hӝi nghӏ 7UXQJ ѭѫQJ  NKyD ;, ÿm UD 1JKӏ quyӃt sӕ 29- NQ/TW
QJj\  YӅ ÿәi mӟL FăQ EҧQ WRjQ GLӋQ *LiR GөF Yj ÿjR Wҥo. Mӝt trong
nhӳQJTXDQÿLӇm chӍ ÿҥo cӫa nghӏ quyӃWOjChuy͋n m̩QKTXiWUuQKJLiRGͭc tͳ
chͯ y͇u trang b͓ ki͇n thͱFVDQJSKiWWUL͋QWRjQGL͏QQăQJO͹c pẖm ch̭WQJ˱ͥi h͕c".
ĈLӇP ÿӝW SKi WURQJ KӋ WKӕQJ TXDQ ÿLӇP FӫD &KѭѫQJ WUuQK JLiR GөF SKә
WK{QJWәQJWKӇÿmÿѭӧF %ӝ*LiRGөFYjĈjRWҥRÿmEDQKjQKFKtQKOjQKҩQPҥQK
YjRWtQKWRjQGLӋQYjWtQKKjLKzDJLӳDÿӭFWUtWKӇPƭYӟLPөFWLrXJLiRGөFOj
SKҭPFKҩWQăQJOӵFFӫDKӑFVLQKOҩ\ÿyOjPFăQFӭÿӇFKӍÿҥRJLiPViWYjÿiQK
JLiFKҩWOѭӧQJJLiRGөF&KѭѫQJWUuQKFzQÿѭDUDÿѭӧFQKLӅXTXDQÿLӇPPӟLYt
GөQKѭ³QӝLGXQJJLiRGөFSKәWK{QJÿҧPEҧRWLQKJLҧQKLӋQÿҥLWKLӃWWKӵFWKӵF
KjQK YұQ GөQJ NLӃQ WKӭF YjR WKӵF WLӉQ´ ³WұS WUXQJ Gҥ\ FiFK KӑF Yj UqQ OX\ӋQ

QăQJ OӵF Wӵ KӑF´ ³FRL WUӑQJ Fҧ Gҥ\ KӑF WUrQ OӟS Yj FiF KRҥW ÿӝQJ [m KӝL WUҧL
QJKLӋPViQJWҥRWұSGѭӧWQJKLrQFӭXNKRDKӑF´&KtQKQKӳQJTXDQÿLӇPPӟLQj\
OjFѫVӣFKRYLӋFÿѭDGҥ\KӑFWtFKKӧSFQJYӟLGҥ\KӑFSKkQKyDYjGҥ\KӑF WUҧL
QJKLӋP WUӣ WKjQK QKӳQJ ÿӏQK KѭӟQJ WKӵF KLӋQ Gҥ\ KӑF SKiW WULӇQ QăQJ OӵF- PӝW
WURQJFiFQӝLGXQJTXDQWUӑQJFӫDÿәLPӟL*LiRGөFSKәWK{QJ
Dҥy hӑFWtFKKӧSFKtQKOjQKҵPYjRPөFWLrXSKiWWULӇQQăQJOӵFQJѭӡi hӑc.
Vӟi viӋc dҥy hӑc xoay quanh mӝt chӫ ÿӅ ÿzL hӓi sӱ dөng kiӃn thӭc, kӻ QăQJ SKѭѫQJ
SKiSFӫa nhiӅXP{QKӑFWURQJTXiWUuQKKuQKWKjQKQăQJOӵFÿmWҥRÿLӅu kiӋn thuұn
lӧi cho viӋFWUDRÿәLJLDRWKRDFiFPөFWLrXFӫDFiFP{QKӑFNKiFQKDX+ѫQQӳa
FiFWuQKKXӕng trong dҥy hӑFWtFKKӧSWKѭӡng gҳn vӟi thӵc tiӉn cuӝc sӕQJFyê
QJKƭD vӟi QJѭӡi hӑc.
7UѭӟFÿk\Pӛi khoa hӑFQJKLrQFӭu mӝt dҥng vұt chҩt, mӝWKuQKWKӭc vұn
ÿӝng cӫa vұt chҩt trong tӵ QKLrQ1KѭQJEҧQWKkQJLӟi tӵ QKLrQOjPӝt thӇ thӕng


7

nhҩWQrQKLӋQQD\ÿm[Xҩt hiӋn nhӳng khoa hӑFOLrQQJjQKJLDRQJjQK1JRjLUD
WURQJTXiWUuQKSKiWWULӇQ[mKӝLORjLQJѭӡLQyLFKXQJYjPӝWGkQWӝFQyLULrQJFiF
sӵ kiӋn, sӵ viӋc diӉQUDÿӅXOLrQTXDQÿӃn nhiӅXOƭQKYӵFNKiFQKDX1KѭYұy, dҥy
hӑFWtFKKӧp sӁ JL~SQJѭӡi hӑc tiӃp cұn tӕWKѫQYӟi bҧn chҩt cӫa tӵ QKLrQYj[mKӝi.
7KӡL gian qua ÿm Fy QKLӅX ÿӅ WjL FӫD FiF FҩS FNJQJ QKѭ FiF KӝL WKҧR ӣ FҩS
TXӕF gia QJKLrQ FӭX Yj EjQ OXұQ YӅ QKӳQJ YҩQ ÿӅ Oê OXұQ Yj WKӵF WLӉQ FӫD Gҥ\ KӑF
WtFK KӧS YӅ kinh QJKLӋP Gҥ\ KӑF WtFK KӧS FӫD FiF QѭӟF WUrQ WKӃ giӟL YӅ FiF FiFK
KuQK WKӭF PӭF ÿӝ WtFK KӧS Tuy QKLrQ YLӋF ELrQ VRҥQ FiF FKӫ ÿӅ theo KѭӟQJ WtFK
KӧS QKѭ WKӃ QjR" Quy WUuQK Nӻ WKXұW FiFK WKӇ KLӋQ PӝW EjL WtFK KӧS ra sao ӣ FiF
P{Q KӑF trong ÿy Fy P{Q 7RiQ YүQ FzQ Oj PӝW EjL WRiQ NKy Yj ÿҫ\ WKiFK WKӭF YӟL
Fҧ QKӳQJ QJѭӡL ELrQ VRҥQ Yj QJѭӡL Gҥ\
0{Q 7RiQ Oj PӝW P{Q TXDQ WUӑQJ ӣ WUѭӡQJ SKә WK{QJ Qy JyS SKҫQ KuQK
WKjQK Yj SKiW WULӇQ SKҭP FKҩW QăQJ OӵF KӑF VLQK SKiW WULӇQ NLӃQ WKӭF Nӻ QăQJ

WKHQFKӕWYjWҥRFѫKӝLÿӇKӑFVLQKÿѭӧFWUҧLQJKLӋPiSGөQJ TRiQKӑFYjRÿӡL
VӕQJWKӵFWLӉQWҥRGӵQJVӵNӃWQӕLJLӳDFiFêWѭӣQJTRiQKӑFJLӳD7RiQKӑFYӟL
WKӵFWLӉQJLӳD7RiQKӑFYӟLFiFP{QKӑFNKiF. 0{Q7RiQOjP{QKӑFFyWLӅPҭQ
QKLӅXWѭWѭӣQJYӅWtFKKӧS
;iFVXҩWWKӕQJNrQyLFKXQJYjWKӕQJNrQyLULrQJOj PӝWSKҫQNLӃQWKӭFFѫ
EҧQFӫD7RiQKӑFYjQyOjPӝWFKӫÿӅ7RiQKӑFJҳQOLӅQYӟLWKӵFWLӉQÿӡLVӕQJ
ĈһFELӋWWURQJFKѭѫQJWUuQKP{Q7RiQSKәWK{QJPӟLSKҫQ;iFVXҩWWKӕQJNrÿm
ÿѭӧFÿѭDYjRVӟPKѫQYjQyOjPӝWFKӫÿӅ[X\rQVXӕWFiFFҩSKӑFӣSKәWK{QJ.
7X\QKLrQWURQJTXiWUuQKGҥ\KӑFW{LQKұQWKҩ\9LӋFGҥ\YjKӑFSKҫQWKӕQJNrӣ
SKәWK{QJOҥLFKѭDÿѭӧFQKLӅX JLiRYLrQYj KӑFVLQKFRL WUӑQJGүQÿӃQKӑFVLQK
FKѭDKӭQJWK~YӟLP{QKӑFFKѭDWKҩ\ÿѭӧFVӵYұQGөQJFӫDPҧQJNLӃQWKӭFQj\YjR
WKӵFWLӉQ FXӝFVӕQJFNJQJQKѭFiFP{QKӑFNKiF
Nhұn thӭFÿѭӧc tҫm quan trӑng cӫDFiFYҩQÿӅ QrXWUrQQrQW{LFKӑQÿӅ WjL
³9̵n dͭng d̩y h͕F WtFK Kͫp trong d̩y h͕c chͯ ÿ͉ Th͙QJ Nr ͧ WU˱ͥng Trung
h͕F F˯ Vͧ´ ÿӇ QJKLrQ Fӭu vӟi mong muӕn sӁ JL~S FKR KӑF VLQK ÿӃn vӟi chӫ ÿӅ
ThӕQJNrPӝWFiFKWӵ QKLrQKӭQJWK~YjWKҩy rҵng 7RiQ hӑc NK{QJ FzQ Oj nhӳng
con sӕ NK{ cӭng, xa rӡi cuӝc sӕng cӫa FiF em.


8

2. Tәng quan vӅ OƭQKYӵFQJKLrQFӭu
4XD WuP KLӇu mӝt sӕ QJKLrQ FӭX WURQJ Yj QJRjL Qѭӟc cho thҩ\ ÿD Vӕ cho
rҵQJ 7tFK Kӧp (tiӃng $QK ,QWHJUDWLRQ
 Fy QJXӗn gӕc tӯ tiӃng La tinh
³LQWHJUDWLRQ´YӟLQJKƭD[iFO̵p l̩LFiLFKXQJFiLWRjQWK͋FiLWK͙ng nh̭WWUrQF˯
sͧ nhͷng b͡ ph̵QULrQJO̓7URQJJLiRGөFWtFKKӧSFyWKӇ hiӇXOjVӵ hӧp nhҩt
giӳDFiFORҥLKuQKNLӃn thӭFYjFiFP{QKӑc WѭѫQJӭng.
Tә chӭc dҥy hӑFWtFK KӧSÿDQJWUӣ WKjQK Pӝt xu thӃ dҥy hӑc hiӋQÿҥLQy
ÿDQJÿѭӧFQJKLrQFӭXYjiSGөQJYjRQKjWUѭӡng ӣ nhiӅXQѭӟFWUrQWKӃ giӟi trong

ÿyFy9LӋW1DP7UrQWKӃ giӟLWѭWѭӣng dҥy hӑFWtFKKӧp bҳWÿҫu tӯ thұp kӹ 60 cӫa
thӃ kӹ XXWKHRÿyYjRWKiQJ- 1968, hӝi nghӏ WtFKKӧp vӅ giҧng dҥ\FiFNKRD
hӑF ÿm ÿѭӧc HӝL ÿӗQJ /LrQ TXӕc gia vӅ giҧng dҥy khoa hӑc tә chӭc tҥi Varna
(Bungari) vӟi sӵ bҧo trӧ cӫD81(6&27UrQWKӃ giӟLFNJQJÿmFyQKLӅXQKjQJKLrQ
cӭX JLiR GөF QJKLrQ Fӭu vӅ quan ÿLӇm dҥy hӑF WtFK KӧS QKѭ 6XVDQ 0 'UDNH
5RELQ)RJDUW\KD\;DYLHU5RHJLHUVWURQJÿy;DYLHU5RHJLHUVYӟLF{QJWUuQK
QJKLrQ FӭX ³.KRD KӑF Vѭ SKҥP WtFK Kӧp hay cҫQ OjP QKѭ WKӃ QjR ÿӇ SKiW WULӇn
QăQJOӵc ӣ QKjWUѭӡQJ´>0@7URQJF{QJWUuQKQJKLrQFӭu cӫDPuQK{QJÿmQKҩn
mҥnh rҵng cҫQÿһWWRjQEӝ TXiWUuQKKӑc tұSYjRPӝWWuQKKXӕQJFyêQJKƭDÿӕi vӟi
hӑF VLQK ÿӗng thӡi vӟi viӋF SKiW WULӇQ FiF PөF WLrX ÿѫQOҿ cҫQ WtFK KӧS FiF TXi
WUuQKKӑc tұSQj\WURQJWuQKKXӕQJFyêQJKƭDYӟi hӑc sinh.
7UrQ WKӃ giӟL ÿm Fy QKLӅX QѭӟF iS Gөng dҥy hӑF WtFK KӧS YjR WUѭӡng hӑc
ÿһc biӋW Oj ӣ FiF TXӕF JLD Fy QӅn *LiR Gөc SKiW WULӇQ QKѭ $QK $XVWUDOLD +jQ
Quӕc, Mӻ, New Zealand, Nhұt Bҧn, Singapore, Thөy Sӻ,... mӭFÿӝ WtFKKӧSNKiÿD
dҥng. Ӣ $XVWUDOLDFKѭѫQJWUuQKGҥy hӑc WtFKKӧS ÿmÿѭӧFQѭӟF Qj\ iSGөQJYjR
WUѭӡng hӑc tӯ nhӳng thұS QLrQ FXӕi thӃ kӹ ;; Yj ÿҫu thӃ kӹ XXI vӟi mөF WLrX
FKѭѫQJWUuQKJLiRGөFWtFKKӧSOjKӋ thӕng giҧng dҥ\WtFKKӧSÿDQJjQKWURQJKӋ
thӕQJÿyWҫm quan trӑng cӫa viӋFSKiWWULӇQYjӭng dөng kӻ năQJÿѭӧFFK~WUӑng,
TXiWUuQKGҥy hӑFWtFKKӧSQj\EDRJӗm viӋc dҥy, hӑFYjNLӇPWUDÿiQKJLiQăQJ
lӵc tiӃp thu kiӃn thӭFFNJQJQKѭӭng dөng cӫa hӑc sinh phә WK{QJ
Ӣ ViӋt Nam, 7KiQJQăPWUѭӡQJĈ+63+j1ӝLÿmÿyQÿҫXÿәi mӟi
FKѭѫQJWUuQKÿjRWҥRJLiRYLrQWULӇQNKDLELrQVRҥQYj[Xҩt bҧQFiFEӝ ViFKEӗi


9

GѭӥQJJLiRYLrQWURQJÿyFyEӝ ViFK³'+7+SKiWWULӇQQăQJOӵc hӑFVLQK´Jӗm
hai quyӇn: QuyӇn 1: Khoa hӑc tӵ QKLrQQuyӇn 2: Khoa hӑF[mKӝi. Bӝ ViFKJL~S
JLiRYLrQFyWjLOLӋu tham khҧRJL~SJLiRYLrQFKӫ ÿӝng, tӵ WLQViQJWҥRKѫQWURQJ
viӋc lӵa chӑn nӝLGXQJWtFKKӧp, chӫ ÿӅ WtFKKӧSJySSKҫQWtFKFӵFYjRYLӋc cҧi

FiFKJLiRGөc ӣ WUѭӡng phә WK{QJ>18]
7iFJLҧ ĈjRTrӑng Quang vӟLEjL³%LrQsoҥn SGK theo quan ÿLӇPWtFK
hӧp, Fѫ sӣ Ot luұn Yj mӝt sӕ kinh nghiӋP´ 7iF giҧ ÿm ÿӅ cұp tӟi bҧn chҩt cӫa
VѭphҥPWtFKKӧp, quan ÿLӇPWtFKKӧp, mӝt sӕ QJX\rQWҳc chӫ ÿҥo Yjmӝt sӕ kӻ
thuұt cӫDWtFK hӧp.[14]
7iFJLҧ NguyӉn Thӏ LuyӃn trong luұQYăQWKҥc sƭ vӟLÿӅ WjL7ә chӭc dҥy hӑFWtFK
hӧp chӫ ÿӅ sӵ QKuQFӫa mҳt". 7URQJÿӅ WjLQj\WiFJLҧ ÿmWKLӃt kӃ FiFSKѭѫQJiQ
ÿӇ tә chӭc dҥy hӑc chӫ ÿӅ sӵ QKuQFӫa mҳWWKHRKѭӟQJWtFKKӧp nhҵPQkQJFDR
chҩWOѭӧng dҥ\YjKӑc chӫ ÿӅ Qj\>@
7iFJLҧ NguyӉn ThӃ 6ѫQYӟi luұQiQ tiӃQVƭ;k\Gӵng chӫ ÿӅ WtFKKӧp
trong dҥy hӑFP{Q7RiQӣ WUѭӡng trung hӑc phә WK{QJĈӅ WjLÿmOjPViQJWӓ
WKrPPӝt sӕ vҩQÿӅ OLrQTXDQÿӃQ'+7+QKѭTXDQQLӋm vӅWtFKKӧp trong DH,
&Ĉ7+'+&Ĉ7+ÿӗng thӡLÿӅ xuҩt mӝt sӕ KuQKWKӭFWtFKKӧSSKKӧp vӟLP{Q
7RiQӣ WUѭӡng phә WK{QJ9LӋW1DPĈӅ xuҩWTX\WUuQKWKLӃt kӃ &Ĉ7+WURQJGҥy
hӑFP{Q7RiQYjEѭӟFÿҫXOjPViQJWӓ vӅ SKѭѫQJSKiSYjKuQKWKӭc tә chӭc
'+7+P{Q7RiQӣ ViӋt Nam.[16]
4XDWuPKLӇXOtOXұQYjWKӵc tiӉQFK~QJW{LQKұn thҩ\P{Q7RiQӣ WUѭӡng
phә WK{QJQѭӟFWDFyWLӅm ҭn nhiӅXWѭWѭӣng vӅ WtFKKӧSFyWKӇ thӵc hiӋQWtFKKӧp
WKHRFiFKuQKWKӭFQKѭ7tFKKӧp trong nӝi bӝ P{QKӑF7tFKKӧSOLrQP{Q[X\rQ
P{Q1KѭQJFKRÿӃn nay, viӋF[k\GӵQJFiFFKӫ ÿӅ dҥy hӑFWtFKKӧp trong dҥy
hӑc bӝ P{QQj\FzQKҥn chӃ mһFGFiF\rXFҫu vӅ WtFKKӧp ÿѭӧc thӇ hiӋQNKiU}
QpW trong mөFWLrX*LiRGөc cӫDFKѭѫQJWUuQKP{QKӑc. Hҫu hӃWFiFQJKLrQFӭXÿm
F{QJEӕ vӅ dҥy hӑFWtFKKӧSP{Q7RiQÿӅu chӫ yӃXÿLVkXYӅ mһWOtOXұn dҥy hӑc
WtFKKӧp, chӍ UDFiFKuQKWKӭc tә chӭFFiFEѭӟc thiӃt kӃ chӫ ÿӅ dҥy hӑFWtFh hӧp,...
FzQYLӋFQJKLrQFӭu thiӃt kӃ mӝt chӫ ÿӅ dҥy hӑFWtFKKӧp cө thӇ WURQJFiFP{QKӑc
ÿһc biӋWOjP{Q7RiQWKuFzQUҩt hҥn chӃ. Chӫ yӃu chӍ dӯng lҥi ӣ mӝt sӕ EjLGӵ thi


10

dҥy hӑFWtFKKӧSOLrQP{QYӟi mӝt sӕ chӫ ÿӅ ÿѭӧFJLiRYLrQÿӅ cұSQKѭ*LҧLWRiQ
bҵQJFiFKOұSSKѭѫQJWUuQKOXӻ thӯDYjVӕ PNJ tӵ QKLrQ... YjFKRÿӃn nay FKѭDFy
mӝWQJKLrQFӭXQjRQyLYӅ vұn dөQJWtFKKӧSYjRFKӫ ÿӅ ThӕQJNr&KѭѫQJ,,,7RiQ

;iFVXҩWWKӕQJNrQyLFKXQJYjchӫ ÿӅ ThӕQJNrQyLULrQJOjPӝt chӫ ÿӅ 7RiQKӑc
gҳn liӅn vӟi thӵc tiӉQ1KѭQJOjPWKӃ QjRÿӇ viӋc dҥ\YjKӑc chӫ ÿӅ Qj\Pӟi thұt
sӵ mang lҥi hiӋu quҧ YjJL~SKӑc sinh nhұn biӃWÿѭӧc tҫm quan trӑQJFNJQJQKѭ
biӃt vұn dөQJQyYjRWKӵc tiӉQÿӡi sӕQJ7iFJLҧ NguyӉn Tӕ 4X\rQWURQJOXұQYăQ
thҥFVƭYӟLÿӅ WjL0ӝt sӕ vҩQÿӅ thӕQJNr7RiQKӑFYjGҥy hӑFWRiQWKӕQJNrFKR
hӑc sinh phә WK{QJFNJQJÿmÿѭDUDPӝt sӕ SKѭѫQJiQGҥy hӑFWRiQWKӕQJNrFKR
hӑc sinh phә WK{QJ>5@7iFJLҧ NguyӉn Thӏ TuyӅn vӟi luұQYăQWKҥFVƭ³'ҥy
hӑF;iFVXҩt thӕQJNrYӟi sӵ hӛ trӧ cӫa mӝt sӕ P{KuQKWѭѫQJWiFÿӝQJWUrQSKҫn
mӅm )$7+20´>19@7X\QKLrQFiFWiFJLҧ FNJQJFKѭDÿӅ cұSÿӃQSKѭѫQJSKiS
dҥy hӑFWtFKKӧS9jFKRÿӃQQD\FNJQJFKѭDFyOXұQYăQOXұQiQKD\F{QJWUuQK
QjRÿӅ cұp mӝWFiFKFө thӇ vҩQÿӅ vұn dөng DHTH YjRGҥy hӑc chӫ ÿӅ Qj\ӣ P{Q
7RiQ7+&6
3. MөFWLrXYjQKLӋm vө QJKLrQFӭu
3.1. MͭFWLrXQJKLrQFͱu
Vұn dөQJOtOXұn cӫa DHTH ÿӇ ÿѭDUDmӝt sӕ biӋn SKiSYjWKLӃt kӃ JLiRiQ
dҥy hӑFWtFKKӧp chӫ ÿӅ ThӕQJNrӣ THCS TXDÿy thҩ\ÿѭӧFWtQKNKҧ thi cӫa biӋn
SKiSÿӗng thӡi JySSKҫn QkQJFDRWtQKWtFKFӵc, hӭQJWK~Kӑc tұp cho hӑc sinh.
3.2. Nhi͏m vͭ QJKLrQFͱu
1JKLrQFͱXF˯Vͧ OtOX̵n
- VӅ OtWKX\Ӄt dҥy hӑFWtFKKӧp.
- VӅ [k\Gӵng mӝt chӫ ÿӅ DHTH.
- &iFNLӃn thӭc vӅ khoa hӑc thӕQJNr
- &KѭѫQJWUuQKP{Q7RiQSKә WK{QJKLӋQKjQKYjFKѭѫQJWUuQKP{Q7RiQ
mӟi.
- 1JKLrQFӭu nӝi dung chӫ ÿӅ ThӕQJNrӣ THCS.
1JKLrQFͱXF˯Vͧ th͹c ti͍n