MCSE TRAINING GUIDE: (EXAM 70-210) ICA WINDOWS 2000 PROFESSIONAL

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Exam 70-210

MCSE
Windows 2000
Professional
®

TRAINING GUIDE
Gord Barker, MCSE
Douglas Harrison, MCSE


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MCSE TRAINING GUIDE: WINDOWS 2000 PROFESSIONAL

MCSE TRAINING GUIDE:
(EXAM 70-210) ICA WINDOWS
2000 PROFESSIONAL
Copyright  2000 by New Riders Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from
the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the
information contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken
in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author(s) assume no
responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for
damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.
International Standard Book Number: 0-7357-0965-3
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 00-100408
Printed in the United States of America
First Printing: July, 2000
04 03 02 01 00

7 6 5 4 3 2

Interpretation of the printing code: The rightmost double-digit number is the
year of the book’s printing; the rightmost single-digit number is the number of
the book’s printing. For example, the printing code 00-1 shows that the first
printing of the book occurred in 2000.

Trademarks
All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service
marks have been appropriately capitalized. New Riders Publishing cannot
attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should

not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.

Warning and Disclaimer
Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate
as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information provided is
on an “as is” basis. The authors and the publisher shall have neither liability
nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages
arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the CD
or programs accompanying it.
Use of the Microsoft Approved Study Guide Logo on this product signifies
that it has been independently reviewed and approved in complying with the
following standards:
á Acceptable coverage of all content related to Microsoft exam
number 70-210, entitled Installing, Configuring, and Administering
Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional.
á Sufficient performance-based exercises that relate closely to all required
content.
á Technically accurate content, based on sampling of text.

PUBLISHER
David Dwyer
EXECUTIVE EDITOR
Al Valvano
PRODUCT MARKETING MANAGER
Stephanie Layton
PUBLICITY MANAGER
Susan Petro
ACQUISITIONS EDITOR
Nancy Maragioglio
Ann Quinn

MANAGING EDITOR
Sarah Kearns
DEVELOPMENT EDITOR
Chris Zahn
PROJECT EDITOR
John Rahm
COPY EDITOR
Daryl Kessler
TECHNICAL REVIEWERS
Larry Chambers
Marc Savage
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
SPECIALIST
Michael Hunter
INDEXER
Christine Karpeles
PROOFREADER
Debra Neel
COMPOSITOR
Wil Cruz
MANUFACTURING COORDINATOR
Chris Moos


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Contents at a Glance
Introduction

Part I

..............................................................................................................................................1

Exam Preparation

1 Installing Windows 2000 Professional ........................................................................................13
2 Implementing and Conducting Administration of Resources ..........................................97
3 Implementing, Managing, and Troubleshooting Hardware
Devices and Drivers ..........................................................................................................................175
4 Monitoring and Optimizing System Performance and Reliability

..............................263

5 Configuring and Troubleshooting the Desktop Environment........................................351
6 Implementing, Managing, and Troubleshooting Network
Protocols and Services ......................................................................................................................407
7 Implementing, Monitoring, and Troubleshooting Security ............................................495

Part II

Final Review

Fast Facts

..............................................................................................................................................597

Study and Exam Prep Tips ............................................................................................................629
Practice Exam ......................................................................................................................................643

Part III

Appendices

A Overview of the Certification Process ......................................................................................671
B What's on the CD-ROM ..............................................................................................................683
C Using the ExamGear, Training Guide Edition Software ..................................................685
Index

......................................................................................................................................................711

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Table of Contents
PART I: Exam Preparation
1 Installing Windows 2000 Professional
Introduction

13

..........................................................................................................................................16

Windows 2000 Products

................................................................................................................16

Before You Begin Installation ........................................................................................................17
Hardware Requirements ............................................................................................................18
Disk and Partition Options ......................................................................................................18

Windows 2000 File Systems ....................................................................................................21
Workgroup Versus Domain Models ....................................................................................25
Installing Windows 2000 Professional—An Overview ......................................................26
Phase 1—Running the Setup Program ..............................................................................27
Phase 2—Completing the Setup Wizard ............................................................................28
Phase 3—Installing Networking Components ................................................................28
Phase 4—Completing the Installation ................................................................................29
Manually Installing Windows 2000 Professional ..................................................................30
Installing from a Local CD ......................................................................................................30
Installing Over a Network ........................................................................................................33
Automating the Installation Process ............................................................................................34
Creating Unattended Installation Files ................................................................................35
Remote Installation Services (RIS) ......................................................................................62
Imaging Windows 2000 Professional Installs ..................................................................65
Using a Dual-Boot System ..............................................................................................................68
Upgrading to Windows 2000 Professional ..............................................................................68
Verifying Upgrade Paths ............................................................................................................69
Client Hardware Requirements ..............................................................................................71
Hardware Compatibility ............................................................................................................71
Upgrading Compatible Windows 95/98 Clients ............................................................72
Upgrading Compatible Windows NT Clients ................................................................73
Incompatible Systems ................................................................................................................74

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Service Pack Deployment

................................................................................................................75

Troubleshooting the Installation Process ..................................................................................75
Exercises ............................................................................................................................................79
Review Questions ........................................................................................................................83
Exam Questions ............................................................................................................................83
Answers to Review Questions ................................................................................................90
Answers to Exam Questions ....................................................................................................91

2 Implementing and Conducting Administration of Resources
Introduction

97

......................................................................................................................................101

Managing Network Resources ....................................................................................................101
Securing Network Resources ..............................................................................................101
File Resources ....................................................................................................................................102
File Shares ....................................................................................................................................102

NTFS Permissions ....................................................................................................................112
NTFS Permissions and Shared Folders ............................................................................123
Developing an Efficient Directory Structure ..................................................................124
Managing File Resources ..............................................................................................................129
NTFS, FAT32, or FAT ............................................................................................................130
Print Resources ..................................................................................................................................137
The Print Environment ..........................................................................................................137
Managing Printers ....................................................................................................................143
Managing Print Jobs ................................................................................................................150
Managing Printers Using a Web Browser ........................................................................151
Exercises ........................................................................................................................................156
Review Questions ......................................................................................................................159
Exam Questions ........................................................................................................................160
Answers to Review Questions ..............................................................................................167
Answers to Exam Questions ..................................................................................................168

3 Implementing, Managing, and Troubleshooting Hardware
Devices and Drivers
Introduction

175

......................................................................................................................................179

Installing Hardware ........................................................................................................................179
Using the Add/Remove Hardware Wizard ......................................................................181
Confirming Hardware Installation ....................................................................................182
Determining Required Resources ......................................................................................183
Determining Available Resources ........................................................................................185
Changing Resource Assignments ........................................................................................185

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Media Devices ..................................................................................................................................186
CD-ROM and DVD Devices ..............................................................................................187
Fixed Disks ..................................................................................................................................190
Volume Sets ..................................................................................................................................197
Removable Media ......................................................................................................................201
Display Devices ................................................................................................................................206
Multiple Display Support ......................................................................................................206
Video Adapters ............................................................................................................................209
Mobile Computing ..........................................................................................................................211
Power Management ..................................................................................................................211
Card Services ................................................................................................................................214
Input and Output (I/O) Devices ............................................................................................215
Configuring Input and Output (I/O) Devices ..............................................................215
Configuring Accessibility Options ......................................................................................234
Maintaining Updated Drivers

....................................................................................................236

Multiple Processor Machines ......................................................................................................238
Monitoring Multiple CPUs ..................................................................................................239
Impact on Resources ................................................................................................................239
Network Adapters ............................................................................................................................241
Installing a Network Adapter ................................................................................................243
Managing Network Adapters ................................................................................................244
Exercises ........................................................................................................................................248
Review Questions ......................................................................................................................251
Exam Questions ........................................................................................................................252
Answers to Review Questions ..............................................................................................258
Answers to Exam Questions ..................................................................................................259

4 Monitoring and Optimizing System Performance
and Reliability
Introduction

263

......................................................................................................................................268

Managing and Troubleshooting Driver Signing ..................................................................268
Digitally Signing a File ............................................................................................................268
System File Checker ..................................................................................................................270
Configuring, Managing, and Troubleshooting the Task Scheduler ..........................271
Task Scheduler and the AT Command ............................................................................271
Creating a Scheduled Task ....................................................................................................271

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Managing and Troubleshooting the Use and Synchronization
of Offline Files ................................................................................................................................273
Offline Files and Mobile Users ............................................................................................274
Selecting Items to Be Available Offline ............................................................................274
Synchronizing ..............................................................................................................................275
File Conflicts ................................................................................................................................275
Optimizing and Troubleshooting Performance of the Windows 2000
Professional Desktop ..................................................................................................................276
Optimizing and Troubleshooting Memory Performance ..........................................278
Optimizing and Troubleshooting Processor Performance ........................................285
Examining and Tuning Disk Performance ......................................................................290
Monitoring Network Performance ....................................................................................296
Optimizing and Troubleshooting Application Performance ....................................305
Managing Hardware Profiles ......................................................................................................308
Creating a New Hardware Profile ......................................................................................309
Recovering System and User Data ............................................................................................310
Recovering System and User Data by Using Windows Backup ............................310
Troubleshooting System Restoration Using Safe Mode ............................................316

Using the Windows 2000 Recovery Console ................................................................327
Configuring the Windows 2000 Recovery Console ....................................................328
Troubleshooting Stop Errors ................................................................................................330
Exercises ........................................................................................................................................334
Review Questions ......................................................................................................................337
Exam Questions ........................................................................................................................337
Answers to Review Questions ..............................................................................................346
Answers to Exam Questions ..................................................................................................347

5 Configuring and Troubleshooting the Desktop Environment
Introduction

351

......................................................................................................................................355

Configuring User Profiles ..............................................................................................................355
User Profile Types ......................................................................................................................358
Configuring the Desktop Environment ..................................................................................368
Configuring Regional Options ............................................................................................368
Configuring Accessibility Options ......................................................................................370
Installing and Configuring Applications ................................................................................373
Add/Remove Programs ............................................................................................................374
Windows Installer ......................................................................................................................377
Publishing ZAP files ................................................................................................................380


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Securing the Desktop Using Security Policies ......................................................................381
Implementing Security on a Local Computer ..............................................................383
IP Security Policy ......................................................................................................................387
Implementing Local Group Policy ....................................................................................388
Configuring Fax Support ..............................................................................................................391
Troubleshooting Fax Problems ............................................................................................394
Configuring Internet Options ....................................................................................................395
Exercises ........................................................................................................................................400
Review Questions ......................................................................................................................400
Exam Questions ........................................................................................................................400
Answers to Review Questions ..............................................................................................403
Answers to Exam Questions ..................................................................................................403

6 Implementing, Managing, and Troubleshooting Nework
Protocols and Services
Introduction

407

......................................................................................................................................410

The Windows 2000 Professional Networking Model

......................................................410

Windows 2000 Networking Versus the OSI Reference Model ....................................411
NDIS-Compatible Network Adapter Card Drivers ....................................................412
NDIS 5.0 ......................................................................................................................................413
Network Protocols ....................................................................................................................415
Transport Driver Interface ......................................................................................................420
Network Application Programming Interfaces ..............................................................420
Interprocess Communication ..............................................................................................421
Basic Network Services ............................................................................................................424
Interoperating with Other Networks ................................................................................426
Adding and Configuring the Network Components of Windows 2000 ..................429
Identification Options ............................................................................................................429
Protocol Options ........................................................................................................................430
Service Options ..........................................................................................................................431
Client Options ............................................................................................................................431
Advanced Options ....................................................................................................................432
Configuring the TCP/IP Protocol ............................................................................................433
IP Addressing ..............................................................................................................................433
Subnet Mask ................................................................................................................................435
Default Gateway (Router) ......................................................................................................436
Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) ......................................................................437
Domain Name Systems (DNS) Server Address ............................................................438

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Understanding DHCP ............................................................................................................439
Manually Configuring TCP/IP ............................................................................................440
Name Resolution with TCP/IP ..........................................................................................440
Advanced TCP/IP Configuration ......................................................................................441
Connecting to Computers by Using Dial-up Networking ............................................444
Line Protocols ..............................................................................................................................445
Installing a Dial-Up Networking Connection ..............................................................446
Internet Connection Sharing ................................................................................................449
Connecting to Shared Resources on a Microsoft Network ............................................452
Browsing ........................................................................................................................................453
Universal Naming Convention ............................................................................................454
My Network Places ..................................................................................................................454
Net View Command ................................................................................................................455
Net Use Command ..................................................................................................................455
Troubleshooting TCP/IP Connections ..................................................................................456
Configuration Errors ................................................................................................................456
Checking Basic Connectivity ................................................................................................457
Resolving Host Names in TCP/IP ......................................................................................460
Identifying Name Resolution Problems ..........................................................................469
Exercises ........................................................................................................................................477
Review Questions ......................................................................................................................481

Exam Questions ........................................................................................................................481
Review Answers ..........................................................................................................................489
Answers to Exam Questions ..............................................................................490

7 Implementing, Monitoring, and Troubleshooting Security
Introduction

495

......................................................................................................................................498

User and Group Management ....................................................................................................498
The Workgroup Model ..........................................................................................................499
The Domain Model ..................................................................................................................499
Accounts and Security Identifiers ........................................................................................502
User Accounts ..............................................................................................................................502
Groups ............................................................................................................................................522
User Rights ..................................................................................................................................541
Local Group Policy

..........................................................................................................................549

Local Account Policy ......................................................................................................................550
Password Policies ........................................................................................................................550
Account Lockout Policy ..........................................................................................................552


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Monitoring Security Events ........................................................................................................553
Event Logs and the Event Viewer ......................................................................................553
Audit Policies ..............................................................................................................................557
Windows 2000 Security Configurations ................................................................................561
Basic and Advanced Security Templates ..........................................................................562
Configure System Security ....................................................................................................564
Validating a Security Configuration ..................................................................................568
Encrypting File System (EFS) ....................................................................................................570
Exercises ........................................................................................................................................576
Review Questions ......................................................................................................................578
Exam Questions ........................................................................................................................579
Answers to Review Questions ..............................................................................................585
Answers to Exam Questions ..................................................................................................588

PART II: Final Review
Fast Facts

597

Installing Windows 2000 Professional ....................................................................................597
System Configuration ............................................................................................................597
Installation Methods ................................................................................................................598
Unattended Installation ..........................................................................................................598

Remote Installation Services ..................................................................................................599
Implementing and Conducting Administration of Resources ......................................599
Best Practices ..............................................................................................................................601
Sharing Printer Resources ......................................................................................................601
Implementing, Managing, and Troubleshooting Hardware Devices
and Drivers ......................................................................................................................................602
CD-ROM and DVD Devices ..............................................................................................603
Hard Disk Devices ....................................................................................................................603
Removable Storage ....................................................................................................................603
Multiple Displays ......................................................................................................................603
Power Management ..................................................................................................................603
Card Services ................................................................................................................................603
Input/Output devices ..............................................................................................................604
Modems ........................................................................................................................................605
Infrared Devices ..........................................................................................................................605
Wireless Devices ........................................................................................................................605
USB Devices ................................................................................................................................605
Updating Drivers ......................................................................................................................606

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Monitoring and Optimizing System Performance and Reliability ..............................606
Driver Signing ............................................................................................................................606
The Task Scheduler ..................................................................................................................606
Using and Synchronizing Offline Files ............................................................................607
Performance Monitoring ......................................................................................................607
Hardware Profiles ......................................................................................................................610
Recovering System and User Data Using Backup ........................................................610
Booting your Computer Using Safe Mode ....................................................................611
Last Known Good Configuration ......................................................................................611
Configuring the Windows 2000 Recovery Console ....................................................612
Configuring and Troubleshooting the Desktop Environment ......................................612
User Profiles ..................................................................................................................................612
Configuring Support for Multiple Languages ................................................................612
Windows Installer ......................................................................................................................612
Configuring Desktop Settings ..............................................................................................613
Windows 2000 Professional in the Windows 2000 Server Network ..................613
Desktop Control through Local Group Policies ..........................................................614
Configuring and Troubleshooting Fax Support ............................................................614
Accessibility Services ................................................................................................................615
Implementing, Monitoring, and Troubleshooting Network Protocols
and Services ....................................................................................................................................615
TCP/IP ..........................................................................................................................................615
NWLink IPX/SPX Compatible Transport ......................................................................616
NetBIOS Extended User Interface (NetBEUI) ............................................................616
Adding and Configuring Network Components ........................................................616
IP Addressing ..............................................................................................................................616

Subnet Mask ................................................................................................................................617
Default Gateway (Router) ......................................................................................................618
Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) ......................................................................618
Domain Name Systems (DNS) Server Address ............................................................618
Understanding DHCP ............................................................................................................618
Virtual Private Networks (VPN) ........................................................................................618
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) ....................................................................619
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) ..................................................................................619
Connecting to Computers by Using Dial-Up Networking ....................................619
Connecting to Shared Resources ........................................................................................620
Troubleshooting TCP/IP Connections ............................................................................621
Implementing, Monitoring, and Troubleshooting Security ..........................................622
The Workgroup Model ..........................................................................................................622
The Domain Model ..................................................................................................................622


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User Accounts ....................................................................................................622
Local User Accounts ................................................................................................................622
Creating Domain User Accounts ........................................................................................622
Groups ............................................................................................................................................623

User Rights ..................................................................................................................................625
Audit Policies ..............................................................................................................................626
Windows 2000 Security Configurations ..........................................................................626
Encrypting File System ............................................................................................................627

Study and Exam Prep Tips
Learning Styles

629

..................................................................................................................................629

Study Tips ............................................................................................................................................630
Study Strategies ..........................................................................................................................630
Pre-Testing Yourself ..................................................................................................................631
Exam Prep Tips ................................................................................................................................631
The MCP Exam ........................................................................................................................631
Exam Format ..............................................................................................................................632
Question Types ..........................................................................................................................634
Putting It All Together ............................................................................................................639
Final Considerations

......................................................................................................................642

Practice Exam
Exam Questions

643
................................................................................................................................644

Answers to Exam Questions

........................................................................................................661

PART III: Appendices
A Overview of the Certification Process
Types of Certification

671

....................................................................................................................671

Certification Requirements ..........................................................................................................672
How to Become a Microsoft Certified Professional ....................................................672
How to Become a Microsoft Certified Professional+Internet ................................673
How to Become a Microsoft Certified Professional+Site Building ......................673
How to Become a Microsoft Certified Database Administrator ............................673
How to Become a Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer ........................................674
How to Become a Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer+Internet ......................677
How to Become a Microsoft Certified Solution Developer ....................................677
Becoming a Microsoft Certified Trainer ..........................................................................680

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B What’s on the CD-ROM

683

ExamGear, Training Guide Edition

..........................................................................................683

Exclusive Electronic Version of Text

........................................................................................683

Copyright Information and Disclaimer

..................................................................................684

C Using the ExamGear, Training Guide Edition Software

685

Exam Simulation ..............................................................................................................................685
Question Quality ........................................................................................................................685
Interface Design ..........................................................................................................................685

Study Tools ..........................................................................................................................................685
Effective Learning Environment ..........................................................................................686
Automatic Progress Tracking ................................................................................................686
How ExamGear, Training Guide Edition Works ................................................................686
Interface ........................................................................................................................................686
Database ........................................................................................................................................687
Installing and Registering ExamGear, Training Guide Edition ....................................687
Requirements ..............................................................................................................................687
Installing ExamGear, Training Guide Edition ..............................................................687
Registering ExamGear, Training Guide Edition ..........................................................688
Removing ExamGear, Training Guide Edition from Your Computer ................688
Using ExamGear, Training Guide Edition ............................................................................689
General Description of How the Software Works ......................................................689
Menu Options ............................................................................................................................690
Starting a Study Mode Session ............................................................................................690
Starting Practice Exams and Adaptive Exams ................................................................692
What Is an Adaptive Exam? ..................................................................................................693
Why Do Vendors Use Adaptive Exams? ..........................................................................693
Studying for Adaptive Exams ................................................................................................693
ExamGear’s Adaptive Exam ..................................................................................................694
Question Types and How to Answer Them ..................................................................694
Simulations ..................................................................................................................................698
Hot Spot Questions ..................................................................................................................699
Mark Question and Time Remaining ..............................................................................700
Item Review ..................................................................................................................................701
Examination Score Report Screen ......................................................................................705
Checking the Web Site ............................................................................................................705
Obtaining Updates ..........................................................................................................................706
The Catalog Web Site for Updates ....................................................................................706
Product Updates Dialog Box ................................................................................................706

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Contacting New Riders Publishing ..........................................................................................706
Technical Support ......................................................................................................................706
Customer Service ......................................................................................................................707
Product Updates ........................................................................................................................707
Product Suggestions and Comments ................................................................................707
License Agreement
License

..........................................................................................................................707

..................................................................................................................................................707

Software and Documentation
License term and Charges
Title

....................................................................................................707

............................................................................................................707

........................................................................................................................................................708

Updates

................................................................................................................................................708

Limited Warranty and Disclaimer
Limitation of Liability
Miscellaneous

............................................................................................708

....................................................................................................................709

....................................................................................................................................709

U.S. Government Restricted Rights

Index

........................................................................................709

711

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About the Authors
Gord Barker currently works as a Consultant for
Microsoft Canada Co. in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
He has been assigned as an Enterprise Strategy
Consultant with Telus for the past three years and
currently holds an MCSE designation for Windows

NT 4.0. Recently, he has been assisting Telus in
designing a Windows 2000 Active Directory,
implementing it as a Windows 2000 domain and
over 5000 Windows 2000 Professional desktops prior
to the launch of the product. Gord lives in Edmonton,
Alberta with his wife Christina.
Doug Harrison is a Microsoft Certified Systems
Engineer (MCSE), Microsoft Certified Database
Administrator (MCDBA), and Master Certified Novell
Engineer (MCNE). Doug has been working with
Windows 2000 since Beta 2. Doug currently works as
the Technical Education Manager at PBSC Computer
Training in Toronto, Canada. Doug has been teaching
Novell and Microsoft certified training for the past
four years. Prior to his carrier in the training world,
he worked as a network administrator and software
developer for a consulting engineering firm. Doug
currently lives in Toronto with his family Tracey and
Mikayla.

Robert L. Bogue is the Chief Operating Officer of
AvailTek, Inc. AvailTek is a software development and
systems integration company headquartered in Carmel,
IN. Robert has contributed to over 100 book projects
and numerous magazine articles and reviews. Robert
is MCSE, CNA, A+, Network+, and I-Net+ certified.
When he’s not busy killing trees or getting certified he
enjoys pushing the envelope with new technology.
Robert can be reached at
Rory McCaw is currently a Microsoft Certified Trainer

for a Canadian Certified Technical Education Centre.
Rory holds numerous Microsoft certifications and has
developed and delivered presentations for Microsoft at
Comdex on Windows 2000. Prior to training, Rory
worked for an Internet solution provider where he was
responsible for the implementation and administration
of Microsoft LANs, WANs, and network security.


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CD-ROM CONTENT
Alain Guilbault is a senior consultant with Network
Technology Professionals in Calgary Canada. He has
been in the computer industry for more than 10 years
as a technical instructor and consultant. Alain and his
wife Sara have recently welcomed a baby boy named
Alexander to their family.
Larry Chambers is a Network Consultant for a major
systems integration firm. He has worked for the past

12 years in the computer industry with a recent focus
on Microsoft Technologies for the last 5 years. He is
an MCSE, an MCSD and also maintains a CNE
certification. He would like to thank his wife Denise,
daughter Courtney and recent son (happy one month
birthday Dylan) for letting him take time to do what
he enjoys.

ABOUT THE TECHNICAL
REVIEWER
Marc Savage, MCSE, CNE, MCT, A+, is the Director
of Education for PBSC Computer Training Centers,
one of the largest training centers in Canada. Marc
is an experienced system/network engineer with
consulting and teaching experience in large and small
client/server networks. He has spent many years in the
industry training and developing course material.


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Dedication
Dedicated to Tracey and Mikayla. Thank you for the support during this project!—D.H.

Acknowledgments
I would like to thank all the people involved in this
project, Chris Zahn and Nancy Maragioglio for their
assistance. A special thank you to my wife Christina for
patience and understanding during the evenings and
weekends spent in the creation of this book.—G.B.

I would like to thank Chris Zahn, Marc Savage, and
Larry Chambers, for all the great suggestions and edits.
Thanks!—D.H.


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Tell Us What You Think!

As the reader of this book, you are our most important
critic and commentator. We value your opinion and
want to know what we’re doing right, what we could
do better, what areas you’d like to see us publish in,
and any other words of wisdom you’re willing to pass
our way.

When you write, please be sure to include this book’s
title, author, and ISBN number (found on the back
cover of the book above the bar code), as well as your
name and phone or fax number. I will carefully review
your comments and share them with the author and
editors who worked on the book.

As the Executive Editor for the Certification team at
New Riders Publishing, I welcome your comments.
You can fax, email, or write me directly to let me know
what you did or didn’t like about this book—as well as
what we can do to make our books stronger.

Fax:

317-581-4663

Email:



Mail:

Al Valvano
Executive Editor
Certification
New Riders Publishing
201 West 103rd Street
Indianapolis, IN 46290 USA

Please note that I cannot help you with technical problems
related to the topic of this book, and that due to the high
volume of mail I receive, I might not be able to reply to
every message.


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How to Use This Book
New Riders Publishing has made an effort in the second editions of its Training Guide series to
make the information as accessible as possible for the purposes of learning the certification
material. Here, you have an opportunity to view the many instructional features that have been
incorporated into the books to achieve that goal.

CHAPTER OPENER
Each chapter begins with a set of features
designed to allow you to maximize study
time for that material.
List of Objectives: Each chapter begins with a
list of the objectives as stated by Microsoft.

OBJECTIVES
This chapter helps you prepare for the MCSE
Windows 2000 Professional exam by covering the
following objectives:
Manage and troubleshoot driver signing.

. One of the areas in earlier versions of Windows that
has caused support problems is the area of device
drivers. To that end Microsoft has developed a
rigorous driver testing program to ensure that
device drivers function correctly. Providing digital
signatures of the binary code being installed
guarantees that it has passed these tests. Managing
the policy that governs these checks can have
significant impact on the stability of your system.

Objective Explanations: Immediately following

each objective is an explanation of it, providing
context that defines it more meaningfully in relation to the exam. Because Microsoft can sometimes be vague in its objectives list, the objective
explanations are designed to clarify any vagueness by relying on the authors’ test-taking experience.

Configure, manage, and troubleshoot the Task
Scheduler.

. The Windows 2000 Task Scheduler can be used
to schedule programs and batch files to run at
regular intervals or specific times. You can also have
Task Scheduler execute programs or scripts when k.
certain operating system events occur. Using Task
Scheduler to periodically run maintenance tasks or
when some problem occurs can improve your
system’s stability.
Manage and troubleshoot the use and
synchronization of offline files.

. The increase in the use of laptop computers
indicates the need for access to information
when you are traveling and without a network
connection. With offline files, you can continue to
access network files and programs when you are not
connected to the network, and automatically save
the changes you make to your files the next time
you reconnect to your networ

C H A P T E R

4

Monitoring and
Optimizing System
Performance and
Reliability


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OUTLINE
Managing and Troubleshooting
Driver Signing

xx

Digitally Signing a File

xx

System File Checker

xx

Configuring, Managing, and Troubleshooting
the Task Scheduler
xx
Task Scheduler and the AT Command

xx

Creating a Scheduled Task

xx

Managing and Troubleshooting the Use and
Synchonization of Offline Files
xx
Offline Files and Mobile Users

xx

Selecting Items to Be Available Offline

xx

Synchonizing

xx

File Conflicts

xx

Optimizing and Troubleshooting
Performance of the Windows 2000
Professional Desktop
Optimizing and Troubleshooting Memory
Performance
Determining the Physical Memory
Available
File System Cache
The Paging File
Memory Shortages
Disk Activity to the Paging File
Monitoring the Cache
Resolving Memory Bottlenecks

xx

xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx

xx
xx

Optimizing and Troubleshooting Processor
Performance
Processor Counters
Processor Bottlenecks
Processor Time Counter
Processor Queue Length
Interrupts
Context Switches
Processes Causing a Bottleneck
Eliminating a Processor Bottleneck

xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx

Examining and Tuning Disk Performance
Disk Monitoring Concepts
Enabling Disk Counters
Monitoring Disk Space
Investigating Disk Performance
Problems

Paging
Usage
Queue Length
Resolving Disk Bottlenecks

xx
xx
xx
xx

Monitoring Network Performance
Network Counters
Application-Layer Objects
Browser Object
Redirector Object
Server Object
Server Work Queues Object
Resolving Network Bottlenecks

xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx

Optimizing and Troubleshooting Application
Performance

Memory Bottlenecks
Application Disk Space
Disk Usage by Application

Chapter Outline: Learning always gets a boost
when you can see both the forest and the trees.
To give you a visual image of how the topics in a
chapter fit together, you will find a chapter outline
at the beginning of each chapter. You will also be
able to use this for easy reference when looking
for a particular topic.

xx
xx
xx

xx
xx
xx
xx
xx

Study Strategies: Each topic presents its own
learning challenge. To support you through this,
New Riders has included strategies for how to
best approach studying in order to retain the
material in the chapter, particularly as it is
addressed on the exam.

HOW

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USE THIS BOOK

INSTRUCTIONAL
FEATURES WITHIN
THE CHAPTER
These books include a large amount and
different kinds of information. The many
different elements are designed to help you
identify information by its purpose and
importance to the exam and also to provide
you with varied ways to learn the material.
You will be able to determine how much
attention to devote to certain elements,
depending on what your goals are. By
becoming familiar with the different presentations of information, you will know
what information will be important to you
as a test-taker and which information will
be important to you as a practitioner.

TIP

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Remember the Syntax of the Files
The syntax of the unattended.txt
and UDF files is complex. Create
a sample using the Setup Manager
and thoroughly review them before
the exam. The code generated by
the unattended.bat file is especially
useful if you want to see the
correct syntax associated with
using the unattended text and
UDF file together.

Exam Tip: Exam Tips appear in the
margins to provide specific examrelated advice. Such tips may
address what material is covered (or
not covered) on the exam, how it is
covered, mnemonic devices, or particular quirks of that exam.

Note: Notes appear in the margins and contain various kinds of useful information, such as tips on the technology or administrative practices, historical
background on terms and technologies, or side commentary on industry issues.

268

Par t I

EXAM PREPARATION

INTRODUCTION
This chapter is mainly concerned with the performance and
reliability of your computer. The techniques available in Windows
2000 range from digital signing of device drivers and operating
system files to running a command-based Recovery Console in the
event the system will not even boot.
To make the most of the hardware you have available, you need to
take steps to optimize its use and to prevent the operating system
from being modified without your consent. Finally, you need to be
able to recover the system in the case of a catastrophic failure.

MANAGING AND TROUBLESHOOTING
DRIVER SIGNING
NOTE

Manage and troubleshoot driver signing.

Warning: In using sophisticated information technology, there is always potential for mistakes or
even catastrophes that can occur through improper application of the technology. Warnings appear
in the margins to alert you to such potential problems.

Digitally Signing a File
WA R N I N G

Objective Coverage Text: In the text before an
exam objective is specifically addressed, you will

notice the objective is listed to help call your
attention to that particular material.

Strange But True Although it sounds
backward, it is true: Windows NT
boots from the system partition and
then loads the system from the boot
par

tition.
A new feature in Windows 2000 Professional is the ability to
digitally sign both drivers and operating system files. This is the
assurance that a particular file has met a certain level of testing and
that the file has not been overwritten by the installation program
of another application. The application of driver signing is governed
by a policy set using the System program in the Control Panel.

Don’t Overextend Your Partitions
and Wraps It is not necessary to
create an extended partition on a
disk; primary partitions might be all
that you need. However, if you do
create one, remember that you can
never have more than one extended
partition on a physical disk.

Digitally signing a file is the process by which you can guarantee
that a particular file comes from the source that it claims to. Since
any file can be signed, it is necessary to be able to handle all formats
of files, including binary files. A technique called catalog file signing

is used to provide digital signing information about files without
modifying the file itself.
In catalog file signing, a CAT file is created for each driver or operating system file that is being signed. The CAT file includes a hash
of the binary file. A hash is the result of a mathematical operation
on some data (in this case, the binary file) that is sensitive to any
changes made in the source data. In this way, any change to the


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Step by Step: Step by Steps are hands-on tutorial instructions that walk you through a particular
task or function relevant to the exam objectives.

Figure: To improve readability, the figures have
been placed in the margins wherever possible so
they do not interrupt the main flow of text.

In the Field Sidebar: These more extensive
discussions cover material that perhaps is not as
directly relevant to the exam, but which is useful
as reference material or in everyday practice.
In the Field may also provide useful background
or contextual information necessary for understanding the larger topic under consideration.

Review Break: Crucial information is summarized at various points in the book in lists or
tables. At the end of a particularly long section,
you might come across a Review Break that is
there just to wrap up one long objective and reinforce the key points before you shift your focus to
the next section.