Con đường tiếp biến văn hóa nhân loại của Hồ Chí Minh giá trị và bài học

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H 6 CHl MINH - S A N G N G O I C 6 T C A C H VI NHAN

CON DU'aNG TIEP BIEN VAN HOA

N H A N

LOAI CUA HO CHI

GIA TRI VA BAI HOC

GS SONG THANH

B

an vd m tudng va van boa Hd Cbi Minh,
ndu coi do la mdt "ndn tang tinh khidt,
khdng pha tirdn" - vdi y nghia la thuan chat
Mae-Lenin - ehua ban da la mdt ldi khen, bdi nd vira
khdng dung vd khoa hgc, vira sai vdi thue td.
Trong til nhien ciing nhu trong xa hdi, khdng cd
hien tugng nao thuan tuy tinh khidt, khdng pha
trdn. Van hoa cang nhu thd. Chinh Hd Chi Minh
da sdm khang dinh didu nay: 'Van boa Viet Nam
la anh hudng lan nhau eua van boa Ddng phuong
va Tay phuang ehung diie lai". Va Ngudi da nbac
nhd eae nha van boa Viet Nam: 'Tay phuong bay
E)dng phuang ed cai gi tdt, ta hgc lay dd tao ra mdt
nen van boa Viet Nam. Nghia la lay kinh nghiem
tdt eua van boa xua va nay, tiau ddi eho van hoa
Viet Nam cd tinh thdn thudn tuy Viet Nam, de hgp 
vdi tinh tiiin ddn chu"\ Mat khac, Ngudi ciing 
can dan: "Minh da hudng cai hay eua ngudi tiii
Cling phai cd cai hay cho ngudi ta hudng. Minh

dimg chiu vay md khong trd"^, nghia la phai bidt

hge tap mdt each sang tao, dd cd nhirng ddng gdp
xiing dang vao kho tang van hoa cua nhan loai.

Do la nguyen tac phuang phap luan nhat quan cua

Hd Chi Minh trdn eon dudng tiep bien cac gja tii
van hoa eua loai ngudi.

Hd Chi Minh duge thira nhan la bidu mgng
sang ngdi eiia su tich hgp van hoa Ddng

-Hgc vien CT-HC qudc gia Hd Chi Minh

Tay, tmdc bdt do la ket qua eua mdt ddi
khdng ngimg hge tap va thau thai, mat khac
ciing la do Ngudi da ludn biet xuat phat tir ban
Unh, ban sac eua van hoa dan tde de tidp thu
va bien boa nhiing gia tri cua loai ngudi, lam
phong phu vdn van boa ciia minh ma van giir
dugc tinh thdn thudn tuy Viet Nam.

LTruyen thong khoan dung, cdi md ciia 
van hoa Viet Nam

Viet Nam nam d nga m giao luu van boa tir
Tay sang Ddng, tir Bae xudng Nam. Van boa
Viet Nam ed ehung co tang van boa ban dia vdi
eae nude Ddng Nam A, nhung da sdm ehiu anh
hudng sau sac van boa eua Tmng Qudc va An
Do. Ban than hai ndn van boa Idn nay eung ed
ehung dae diem eua van boa phuong Ddng la
tinh hdn dung, edng sinh cao, ndn eiing khdng

trai vdi tiuydn thdng khoan dung, ddi thoai cdi
md cua van hoa Viet Nam.

Nho giao vdi tu mdng "trung boa", chu 
tmong kdt hgp hai boa cae mat ddi lap: "thien
nhan hgp nhat", "tri hanh hgp nhat", coi "thien
thdi, dia lgi bat nhu nhan boa"; didu do da gdp
phan lam cho ndi bd dan tdc doan kdt, qudc gia
boa hgp, xa hdi dn dinh, mong dat tdi "mua
thuan gid boa". Ban than Nho giao, trong qua
trinh phat tiidn eiing tidp tiiu nhiing yeu td nhat
dinh cua Phat hgc, Dao hgc, Ly hgc,.. .dd tao ra
sue sdng mdi trong mdi thdi ky phat tridn.

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Van hoa Phat giao eung mang tinh dung boa
rat mdm deo, ehu tiuong hoa hgp, hoa giai, kdu
ggi tinh thuong ydu, tha tiiir, chap nhan lan nhau.
Phat giao vao Viet Nam tii diu Cdng nguyen,
gdp phan dat ndn tang nhan van, hudng tiiien cho
van hoa Viet Nam, eho Id nghi, phong tuc Viet
Nam, gdp phan xay dung va cimg cd ndn chinh
tri va ngoai giao ciia nha nude phong kidn Viet
Nam trong nhirng the ky dau vira gianh lai dgc
lap. Ddn khi Nho giao tiiinh, Phat giao mat di dia
vi qudc giao, nhung Nho - Phat van cimg nhau
ehung sdng, tiieo tinh tiian "Nhat, Nguydt tinh
minh, eae hiru sd chidu", nghia la mat trdi, mat
trang deu chieu sang, mdi cai ed each chidu ridng,
"ngay vimg d chidu sang, ddm bdng tiid rang
soi", "Thich lo vide dao, Nho lo vide ddi", ea hai

ddu can thidt eho cude sdng con ngudi.

Lao giao (Dao hgc) lai thd hidn tinh than
bao dung theo mdt hudng khac, chu tmong
sdng boa hgp vdi tu nhidn, tdn trgng quy luat
eua dat trdi, tir dd ndu len thuydt "vd vi, bit
ti'anh", "duge it khdng chd, dugc nhidu khdng
mimg, cai vui den thi tan hudng, cai vui di
khdng than tide, vui ve vdi bdn miia, hoa hgp
eiing ngoai vat,...". Lao Tir kdu ggi: "Khodng

hi ky nhugc cdc'' (Hay trdng khdng nhu hang

mii), nghia la "hay khdng la gi ca" thi ddi se
trd ndn cue ky don gian va tdt dep.

Kitd giao lai dugc tiuyen sang phuang Ddng
vao tiidi dai chu nghia thuc dan di xam chidm
thudc dia, md rgng tiii tmdng, ndn lue diu khdng
may duge hoan nghenh. Trong khi cd ging phuc
am boa cua cae Unh muc thira sai tai cac nudc
vidn ddng nhu Nhat Ban, Tridu Tien, Trung
Qudc,... it dat kdt qua, tiii dao Kitd lai sdm tao
duge cho dimg d Viet Nam. Ngoai "ldng nhan ai

cao ca" nhu Hd Chi Minh nhan xdt, thi tdn giao
naydd dugc tidp nhan d nudc ta ban nhidu noi
khac, cd the ndi ciing la nhd tinh than boa ddng
tdn giao ciia van hoa Viet Nam.

Nhirng gia tri khoan dung nay da gdp phan
tao cho con ngudi Viet Nam mdt ndp tii duy
mem mai, uydn chuydn, khdng cue doan.
Trong van boa ddi thoai, ngudi Viet Nam
thudng khdng cd y gianh ddc quydn chan ly!
Bdi mdi su vat, hidn tiigng vdn chira dung
nhidu khia canh, nhidu tang y nghia; mdi
ngudi, tu gdc nhin cua minh, chi cd thd tiep
can dugc mdt phan chan ly, chu chua thd nam
ngay dugc toan bd chan ly tuyet ddi. Vi vay,
can thidt cd su lang nghe nhau, tdn trgng nhau,
hgp tac vdi nhau trong tun tdi chan ly.

Hd Chi Minh chinh la bidu mgng ndi bat
eiia tmh than khoan dung van hoa Viet Nam.

2. Con dudng tich hop cac gia tri van 
hoa nhan loai ciia Hd Chi Minh

Khi edn d trong nudc, Nguydn Tat Thanh
da duge hap thu mdt ndn Qudc hgc va Han
hgc kha ca ban, du sue tao mdt ban Unh van
hoa virng vang de khdng bi choang nggp 
trudc ndn van minh phuong Tay.

Ra nudc ngoai, Nguydn Tat Thanh cd dieu
kien di nhidu, hidu rdng, bidt nhidu ngoai ngir,
ddn dugc nhidu nudc, lam nhidu nghd, tidp xiic
vdi nhidu vl nhan,.. .do dd, cd ca hdi tiip xiic

voi nhieu nin vdn hod, gia nhap nhidu td chuc,

vao nhieu hdi, doan (Cdng doan lao ddng hai
ngoai d Anh, Hdi du lich, Hgi nghe thuat va
khoa hgc, Cau lac bd Faubourg, vao Dang Xa
hgi rdi Dang Cdng san Phap,...) dd hgc each td
chirc, tun hidu cac co chd chmh tri - xa hdi,...
nham chat Igc lay cai hay, cai tdt, cai thich hgp,

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H 6 CHl MINH - S A N G N G O I C 6 T C A C H VI NHAN

phuc vu cho sir nghidp cuu nude, giai phdng
dan tdc va xay dung nude Viet Nam ddc lap
trong mong lai.

Tren hanh trinh ddn vdi van boa nhan loai,
Hd Cbi Minh chiu anh hudng eua van hoa Phap
tmdc tidn, va cd le nd ciing dd lai nhiing diu an
sau dam trong m mdng va phong each van boa
eiia Ngudi. Tai Phap, Ngudi da tidp thu ly
tudng nhdn quyin, ddn quyin vd phdp quyin 
eua eae nha Khai sang Phap va van dung nd vao
cude dau tranh, phd phan chd do thue dan, ddi
cac quydn ay cbo cac dan tdc thudc dia. Cd tiie
tim thay dau an anh hudng cac gia tri eua ndn
Cdng boa Phap trong ban Yiu sdeh 8 diim, ldi

md ddu bdn Tuyin ngdn Dpc lap ndm 1945,

trong Hiin phdp ndm 1946,...

E)ung la Hd Chi Minh da sdm bi bap dan bdi
ly tidng Tu do, Binh ding, Bae ai eua Dai each
mang Phap va mudn di sang Phap dd tim hidu
xem nhirng gi an ding sau 3 tir ay. Va Ngudi da
nhan ra rang ndn Cdng hoa Phap ehu yeu duge
xay dung tren quan didm gia tri vd con ngudi cd

nhdn, nhat la vd quyin tu do, binh ddng cua cd 
nhdn tiieo tinh tiiin Cach mang m san Phap; cdn

Hd Chi Minh xuat phat til vi tri ngudi dan tiiudc
dia phuong Dmg, vdn di cao tinh thdn cdng

ddng, ludn dat qudc gia, dan tdc len trdn ea nhan.

Vdi Hd Chi Minh, Tu do tmdc bet van \atu do

eua todn ddn tpc chu chua phai la tii do ca nhan; 
Binh dang ciing dugc Ngudi nang len thanh 
quyin binh ddng giita cdc ddn tpc; edn Bde di

(fratemite) - mdt khai niem qua rgng, nhu long
bae ai eua Chiia ddi hdi phai "yiu cd ke thii cua

minh", la didu khd chip nhan ddi vdi cac dan tde

bi ap buc! Hd Chi Minh hidu khai niem nay tiieo 
dung nghia cua nd la tinh him di, nhu tinh tiiin "tii

hai giai huynh dd", ndn Ngudi thudng quen ggi
nhiing ngudi lao ddng, eae dan tdc bi ap bire la

anh em (bdi anh em a cac thudc dial, eae dan tde 
anh em, cac nude anh em,...).

Tdm lai, Hd Chi Minh nhan thire tu do, binh
dang, bae ai qua lang kinh eiia ngudi dan bi ap
bire chau A chir khdng tiieo tinh than Cach
mang tu san Phap, ndn ehi coi do la nhiing ydu 
td cdn chic chua du. Cai gia tri Idn nhat ma Hd 
Chi Minh theo dudi sudt ddi la: "Dpc lap cho

To quoc tdi tu do eho ddng bdo toi dd Id tdt cd 
nhitng gi tdi mudn, dd Id tdt cd nhitng gi tdi 
hiiu". Didu quan trgng ay lai khdng cd trong

bang gia tri ciia nen Cdng boa Phap, vi vay,
ti'ong thu kdu ggi nhtrng ngudi Phap hay edng
tac binh dang, than tiiien vdi Viet Nam de gay
dung hanh phuc ehung eho ea bai dan tde,
Ngudi da chu ddng bd sung vao khau hidu ay
mdt tu niia: "Ngudi Viet va ngudi Phap cimg
tin mdng vao dao dire: Tu do, Binh ddng, Bac

di Dpc Igp"^. Them ddc lap de rang bude hg:

Nude Phap mudn ddc lap, khdng cd ly gi lai
mudn nudc Viet Nam khdng ddc lap?

Nhu vay, con dudng Hd Cbi Minh tiep bien
cac gia tri van boa nhan loai la lira chgn, tieh
hgp nhiing nhan td tien bd, hgp ly, cai bidn nd
cho phu hgp vdi tmydn thdng van boa dan tde
va nhu eau dat nudc dd tao ra each lam ridng,
khdng vay mugn nguydn xi mdt md hinh ngoai
lai nao; tiic la tidp thu trdn co sd phe phan, tidp
nhan gan lidn vdi ddi mdi, tiieo cac tidu chi:
dan tdc, dan ehu va nhan van.

Hd Chi Minh din vdi chii nghia 
Mdc-Linin, duge hap thu mdt thd gidi quan, nhan

sinh quan tridt dd each mang va khoa hge, mdt
vii khi sac ben dd cai tao xa hdi va eon ngudi.

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Nhung til giac do van boa phuong Ddng, Hd
Chi Minh nhan thiy ehu nghia Mac-Ldnin ehu
ydu van duge hinh thanh trdn ndn tang tridt ly
phuong Tay, mang dau an dau tranh giai cap
d phuong Tay. De dugc hoan thien, Ngudi
kien nghi can bd sung co sd lich sir eua ehii
ngbia Mac bang dan tdc hgc phuong Ddng,

hai phuang Tdy chua phdi Id todn the gidi!

Hd Chi Minh den vdi chu nghia Mae duong
nhidn Ngudi da tidp thu hge thuydt dau tranh
giai cap eua Mae, nhung tiip thu va van dung 
nd vao hoan canh cu the cua mdi nudc la hai

vide khac nhau. Xuat phat tir dae diem eua van
boa phuong Ddng va Viet Nam, nhat la trong
hoan canh dang dau tranh giai phdng dan tdc,
Hd Chi Minh van ehu trgng hon ddn doan kdt,
thdng nhat, ddng thuan dan tde. Hd Chi Minh
da khdng mydt ddi boa dau tranh giai cap nhu
mdt sd ngudi, ehi thay dau tranh giai cap ma
khdng thay sach luge Udn minh, hgp tac giai
cap d mdi giai doan cu thd (tat nhidn la vira
hgp tac, vira dau tranh); khdng thay van de
doan ket giai cap trong dai doan kdt dan tdc;
khdng thay van dd lidn minh giai cap trong mat
tran dan ehu chdng phat xit,...

Vi vay, trong dau ti'anh giai phdng dan tdc,
vdi nhan thirc rang "ehu nghia dan tde la ddng
lire Idn cua dat nude", "ngudi ta se khdng thd
lam gi dugc cho ngudi An Nam ndu nhu khdng
dua ti'dn cac ddng luc vl dai, va duy nhat trong
ddi sdng xa hdi cua hg"^, Hd Chi Minh rit coi
ti'gng su doan ket, thdng nhat ti'ong ndi bd dan
tdc, da ra sue cimg cd va md rgng mat tran dan
tdc thdng nhat. Trong khang chidn chdng Phap,
cd lan Ngudi da phd phan nhiing bidu hidn ta
khuynh Cua mdt sd ngudi: "nghe ngudi ta ndi

giai cap dau ti'anh, minh ciing ra khau hidu giai
cap dau tranh, ma khdng xet hoan canh nudc
minh nhu tiid nao de lam cho dung"^ "ti'ong liic
can toan dan doan kdt ma chu tmong giai cap

dau tranh la mdt didu ngu ngde"*.

Hd Chi Minh danh gia rat cao Luan cuong
cua Ldnin vd van de dan tdc va thudc dia, coi 
Luan cuong da dem lai mgt thu anh sang nhu
la thiin khdi (lux-fiat), giup Ngudi bimg sang 
ve con dudng cuu nudc, giai phdng dan tdc
eua Viet Nam. Nghia la Hd Chi Minh den vdi
Ldnin tmdc bet van tir chu nghia ydu nude, ca
nggi Ldnin la ngudi ydu nudc vl dai nhat, vi
sau khi da giai phdng nudc Nga, dng edn
mudn giai phdng tat ea eae dan tgc thudc dia!
Cd the ndi, Hd Chi Minh la ngudi rat muc tdn
simg Ldnin, khdng phai d ly luan vd chuyen
ehinh vd san ma tmdc bet la d dao dire cua
Ngudi (coi khinh sir xa hoa, ddi m trong sang,
ndp sdng gian di,...), nghia la van tu gdc nhin
eiia van boa phuong Ddng, van boa Viet
Nam. Cdn ly luan vd nha nudc thi Hd Chi
Minh lai chii tmong xay dung nhd nudc ddn

chu cdng hod, nhd nudc phdp quyin cua ddn, 
do ddn, vi ddn, tidu bidu cho khdi dai doan ket

dan tdc.

Ndu qua mdt vai din ehung nhu trdn de thay
rd: Hd Chi Minh la ngudi edng san cd tu duy ddc
lap, tu ehu, sang tao vdi ehu nghia Mac - Lenin,
Ngudi ciing khdng tiep thu mdt each giao dieu,

ma lua chgn nhiing "cai can thidt", phu hgp vdi
tmyen thdng van boa dan tgc va nhu cau thuc
tidn cua dit nudc. Dd la sir tidp thu cd cai bien,
ddi mdi, theo cac tidu chi da dugc ndu d ti'dn.

Tir ly luan each mang vd san eua phuong
Tay van dung vao each mang giai phdng dan

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H 6 CHl MINH - S A N G N G O I C 6 T C A C H VI NHAN

tdc d mdt nudc thudc dia phuong Ddng, neu rap
khudn, giao didu thi ehi ed that bai. Mudn thang
lgi, ddi hdi phai bidt didu ehinh mdt each sang
tao, bidt tim ra each lam khac. Chinh trdn y
nghia dd, Hd Chi Minh khdng ehi tidp thu va
van dung sang tao ma edn la gdp phan cai bidn,
phat tiidn, lam phong pbii chii nghia Mac-Ldnin
tren mdt loat luan diem quan trgng.

Chi mdi ban mdt nam sdng d Maxeava,
Nguyen Ai Qudc da dua ra mdt luan didm ma
nhieu nha each mang the gidi phai suy ngbl:
"Mae da xay dung hgc thuydt ctia minh trdn
mdt triet ly nhat dinh eua lieh sir, nhung lich
sir nao? Lich sir chau Au. Ma chau Au la gi?
Dd chua phai la toan thd nhan loai"^.

Nguyen Ai Qudc da xuat phat tu tmydn
tiidng van boa Viet Nam dd tidp thu va van
dung ehu nghia Mac. Ong la ngudi cdng san

diu tidn nhan ra va danh gia eao tidm lue eua
each mang phuong Ddng. Trong mdt bai dang
tren Tap chi Cpng sdn thang 5-1921 eua Dang 
Cdng san Phap, Nguyen Ai Qudc da ndu van
de: "Chd do cdng san cd ap dung d chau A ndi
ehung va d Ddng Duong ndi rieng khdng?"^.

Cau tra ldi cua Nguyen la trai nguge vdi
quan diem eua phong trao edng san qudc te
dau nhiing nam 20 thd ky XX. Lite bay gid,
thuyet Europeo - centrisme eiing dang thdng
tii chau Au, van coi chau Au la trung tam eua
the gidi, xem thudng phuong Ddng lac hau,
nhat la cae dan tde nhugc tidu. Cae dang xa hdi
Qudc te n ehua quan tam diing muc den van
de dan tde thudc dia. Cac dang cdng san theo
Qudc td in till eho rang: van de giai phdng cac
dan tdc thudc dia chi cd thd dugc giai quydt khi
nao each mang vd san gianh dugc thang lgi d

chinh qudc. Ca Mac - Angghen, rdi Ldnin ciing
ehua nghi den kha nang eae dan tde thudc dia
cd the tu giai phdng minh ngay giira vdng vay
cua chu nghia de qudc.

J.Stalin, trong bao eao dgc tai Dai hdi lan
thu Xll eua Dang Cdng san Lidn Xd ngay
23-4-1923, da dua ra luan diem: cac dan tdc
tien bd ed nhidm vu, trong khi tu giai phdng,
phai giai phdng nhan dan eae nude lac hau

-nghia la chi nhan manh vai trd quydt dinh
eua each mang vd san chau Au va dat sir
nghidp giai phdng cac dan tdc thudc dia d dia
vi phu thudc. Stalin coi nhan dan eae nudc
lac hau nay la "ngudn du trii Idn cho eudc
each mang cua chimg ta" (hidu theo nghia la
"phdn dau", la vdng ngoai bao vd cho dat
nudc Xdvidt).

Tir su phan tich nhiing didu kidn kinh
te-chinh tri - xa bdi... cua chau A, Nguydn Ai
Qudc dua ra nhan dinh: "ehu nghia cdng san
tham nhap de dang vao chau A, dd dang ban
la d chau Au"^. Nghia la theo Nguydn Ai
Qudc, each mang thudc dia di theo eon dudng
vd san cd thd nd ra d chau A, ndu "nhirng
ddng ehi cua ehung ta cd nhiet tinh mydn
tmyen chu nghia cdng san va thuc tam mudn
giup dd nhiing ngudi lao ddng lat dd ach eua
nhirng kd bde lot..."'" thi hg se trd thanh mdt
lire lugng khdng Id, "va trong khi thu tieu mdt
trong nhirng didu kidn tdn tai eua ehu nghia m
ban la chu nghia dd qudc bg cd the giup dd
nhirng ngudi anh em minh d phuang Tay
trong nhidm vu giai phdng hoan toan" .

Dd qua that la mdt luan diem tao bao, mdi
md, la limg niia, tiiide do ehua ed ai nhin ra va
ehua ai dam khing dinh manh me nhu tiid vd

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kha nang thing lgi trude cua each mang giai
phdng dan tde d thuge dia.

Tdm lai, den vdi chu nghia Mac-Ldnin,
Nguydn Ai Qudc da tii ngudi yeu nudc trd
tiianh ngudi edng san, nguge lai, Ngudi ciing da
gdp phan bd sung ca sd Uch sir cua chu nghia
Mae bing dan tde hge phuang Ddng, lam eho
ehu nghia Mae tii hgc tiiuydt dau tranh giai
phdng giai cap vd san trd thanh ddng thdi la hgc
thuyet dau tranh giai phdng cae dan tdc thudc
dia trong thd ky XX. Didu dd chinh la kdt qua
eua vide Hd Chi Minh da tidp bidn chu nghia
Mac- Lenin tu tmydn thdng van boa Viet Nam,
van hoa phuang Ddng va tu kinh nghidm thue
tien cua each mang Viet Nam.

3. Gia tri va bai hoc tir tam guong Ho 
Chi Minh

Tidp bidn van hoa la mdt quy luat tat ydu
trong qua trinh giao thoa van boa giiia cac
vimg midn, giGa cac dan tde; nd thd hidn phdp
bidn ehung eua tinh dan tde va tinh nhan loai
trong qua trinh phat tridn. Hd Chi Minh dugc
menh danh la nha van boa kiet xuat vi Ngudi
la mdt trong sd it chinh khach sdm nhan thire
duge vai trd dpng luc cua vdn hod, da sdm 
dua van hoa vao chidn luge phat tridn eua dat
nudc ngay tu nhiing ngay dau vira gianh dugc

ddc lap. Sau 80 nam bi kim ham dudi che do
cai tri eua thue dan, ddi sdng vat chat va van
boa cua dan ta lac hau, thap kem, thidu thdn
nhidu bd. Chimg ta se cimg cd ndn dgc lap eua
nude Cong boa non trd bang eon dudng nao?
Ngay til nam 1945, Hd Chi Minh da lira chgn
khdi dau bang mdt chidn luge van hoa: phat
ddng chidn dich chdng giac ddt, gay dung
phong ti'ao ddi sdng mdi, xay dung thuin

phong, my tuc mdi, xac dinh van hoa la mdt
mat ti-an, kdu ggi cac nha van boa phai ra sue
nghidn cuu, hgc tap tinh hoa van boa thd gidi,
xua va nay,... de lam cho ndn van boa eua ta 
vuon len theo tim eao cua van boa nhan loai.
Van boa Viet Nam phai tu dan tdc ddn vdi
nhan loai.

Dugc tu mdng Hd Chi Minh soi sang, van
hoa Viet Nam da khdng ngung phat tiidn, tiing
budc di sau vao quan chiing nhan dan, tac ddng
nhu mdt sire manh vat chat: thiic day kinh te,
bidn ddi phong boa, cai tao con ngudi.

Trong thd gidi toan cau boa hidn nay, dd cd
thd di tit ddn dau, nhanh chdng dudi kip cac
nudc tien tien, khdng cd con dudng nao khac
la phai ddn mgi tam luc hgc hdi, nghien ciru
dd chidm linh cho dugc nhiing thanh tuu van
boa - khoa hge - edng nghd cua loai ngudi,

bidn nd thanh tai san tri md cua dan tde, thuc
day dat nude phat tridn nhanh va ben viing.
Chu tieh Hd Chi Minh tung neu rd: "Thd gidi
ngay nay dang tidn nhCrng bude khdng Id ve
mat kidn thue cua con ngudi. Khoa hgc tii
nhidn ciing nhu khoa hgc xa hdi khdng ngung
md rdng ra nhirng chan trdi mdi"'^. Ngudi
nhae nhd thd he thanh nidn, sinh vidn phai ra
sue "Vugt mgi khd khan dd ma chidn thang,
de hudng thu tit ea nhung khoa hgc, nhiing
hidu bidt cua thdi dai thd ky thu XX"'^ ...

"Phdi phdn ddu ndng cao chdt lugng vdn hda 
vd chuyin mdn nhdm thiit thuc giai quydt cac

van dd do each mang nudc ta dd ra va trong
mdt thdi gian khdng xa, dat nhiing dinh cao
cua khoa hgc va ky thuat"'''.

(Xem tiep trang 120)

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