Giải quyết việc làm ở Việt Nam hiện nay: Thực trạng và giải pháp

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<i><b>GIttI QUVET VIEC UM 6 VIET MAM HIEN NM </b></i>

<b>THlTC TRANG VA GlAl PHAP </b>

<i><b>PHAM THANH SdN </b></i>

nude ta, qua trinh phat trifin kinh te

I thi trudng dinh hudng xa hdi chii

nghia, chii ddng hdi nhap kinh te

qud'c te dang dat ra hang loat van de biic

xiic lien quan den viec lam va chinh sach

giai quyei viec lam. Day la tien de quan

trgng de sir dung cd hieu qua ngudn lire lao

ddng, gdp phan tich cue vao su nghiep

CNH, HDH dat nude. Tuy nhien, hien nay,

tinh trang thai nghiep va thieu viec lam

cdn chiem ti le Idn, thu nhap ciia dai bd

phan dan cu vSn d mirc thap. Vi vay, van

de dat ra la phai giai quyei lot nhu ciu viec

lam, nang cao thu nhap cho ngudi lao ddng.

<b>1. Vai net ve tinh hinh giai quyet viec </b>

<b>lam 0 nude ta trong thdi gian qua. </b>

Trong Chien luoc phat trien kinh te - xa

hdi Viet Nam giai'doan 2001 - 2010 dugc

thdng qua tai Dai hdi dai bieu loan qud'c

lan thir IX eua Dang da xac dinh: "Giiii

quyei viee lam la yeu td quyei dinh de phat

huy nhan to con ngudi, dn dinh va phat

trien kinh te, lam lanh manh xa hdi, dap

irng nguyen vgng chinh dang va yeu cau

birc xiic eua nhan dan". Nghi quyei Dai

hdi Dang loan qud'c lan thii X cung nhan

manh: "Phat trien thi trudng lao ddng

Irong mgi khu virc kinh le, tao su gan kei

cung - cau lao ddng, phat huy tinh tich cue

eua ngudi lao ddng trong hge nghe, lu lao

va tim viec lam". Dudi sir lanh dao ciia

Diing, su chi dao, dieu hanh eua Chinh phu

va su nd luc vuon len ciia nban dan, nhtrng

nam qua, cdng lac giai quyei viec lam va

phat iridn thi trudng lao ddng da thu dugc

nhieu kei qua kha quan.

Cac CO ehe, chinh sach ve lao ddng

-viec lam dugc kip thdi danh gia, bd sung

va sira ddi biio dam ngay cang thdng

thoang, phu hgp vdi co ehe thi trudng va

hdi nhap, dam bao quyen va Igi ich eua

ngudi lao ddng, ngudi sir dung lao ddng va

tuan thu cac quy luat kinh te thi trudng. He

thdng cac van ban quan ly nha nude ve lao

ddng - viec lam ngay cang hoan thien,

nhieu luat ciing cac van biin hudng dSn

thuc hien luat dugc ban hanh va di vao

<i>cudc sdng nhu Bg luiit Lao dong, Ludt Day </i>

<i>nghe, Ludt Bdo hiem xd hgi, Ludt Ngitcri </i>

<i>lao dong Viet Nam di Idm viec d nitdc </i>

<i>ngodi theo hcfp dong da tirng budc hoan </i>

thien the ehe, lao hanh lang phap ly cho

cac boat ddng trong llnh vue lao dgng

-viec lam. Nham ban ehe nhung lac ddng

tieu cue eua thi trudng, Nha nude da thuc

hien vai trd "ba dd" thdng qua viec ban

hanh cac chinh sach cho nhdm lao ddng

yeu the nhu cac ehe do uu dai ddi vdi lao

ddng la ngudi tan lat, cac co sd siin xual

-kinh doanh ciia ngudi tan tat, lao ddng la

ngudi dan tdc thieu sd, chfnh sach vd bao

hiem xa hdi, bao hiem thai nghiep, hd trg

lao ddng ddi du... gdp phan hd trg ngudi

lao ddng tao viec lam, nhanh ehdng dn

dinh cudc sdng.

Nhting chu truong ciia Dang ve day

manh phat trien kinh te - xa hdi, tang

cudng dau tu da tao ddng lire lo Idn, dua

nen kinh le nude la ngay cang dn dinh va

phat trien, tdc do tang trudng kinh le dugc

duy tri lien tuc d muc cao (tir

7%-7,5%/nam), hang nam xdn dau tu chiem

tren 35% GDP, cac doanh nghiep thude

Bo Lao dpng, Thadng binh va Xd hoi.

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NGHIEN CL/U - TRAO DOI

mgi thanh phan kinh te phat trien manh.
cting vdi dd la cac Chuong trinh phat trien
ndng nghiep, ndng thdn; Chuong trinh
phat trien cdng nghiep, dich vu; cac
chuong trinh, du an trgng diem kinh t e - xa
hdi eua Nha nude; Chuong trinh xay dung
va phat trien cae khu ehe xual, khu cdng
nghiep tap trung, khu cdng nghe cao ...
dugc thuc hien gdp phan giai phdng siic
san xuai, giai phdng siic lao ddng, tao mdi
trudng lanh manh de nhan dan dau tu phat
trien san xual - kinh doanh, lao va lu tao
viec lam. Qua dd, hang nam da giai quyei
viec lam cho tir 1,1-1,2 trieu lao ddng, tan
dung ldi da ngudn nhan lire cbo phat trien
dai nude, lirng budc nang cao va cai thien
ddi sdng ciia nhan dan. Hien nay, ca nude
da cd 150 trung tam gidi thieu viec lam va
hang nghin doanh nghiep boat ddng trong
llnh vue tu van, gidi thieu viec lam va cung
irng lao ddng da tu van, gidi thieu viec lam
cho hang trieu lugi ngudi. Cac hdi chg viec
lam, phien chg viec lam, thang viec lam,
diem hen viec lam, san giao dich viec
lam... dugc id chiic thudng xuyen, tich cue
gan kei ngudi lao ddng va ngudi sir dung
lao ddng; dua thdng tin den tan ngudi liio
ddng d ndng thdn, viing sau, vting xa, lao
CO hdi eho ngudi lao ddng cd kha nang tim
vice lam va cd viec lam phii hgp vdi kha

nang, nguyen vgng ciia biin than.

Chi tinh rieng giai doan 2001-2005,
nude la da tao dugc xiee lam cho 5,55 trieu
lao ddng; nam 2006 la 1,22 trieu, nam
2007 la 1,25 trieu va nam 2008 la 1,28
trieu lao ddng. Viec lam dugc tao ra chii
yeu d cac doanh nghiep vira va nhd (hiing
nam cd tir 40 den 50 nghin doanh nghiep
dugc thanh lap). Hien nay, ea nude cd 150
khu cdng nghiep; trong dd, cd 110 khu da
di xao boiil ddng. Cac thiinh phan kinh te
tap the va tu nhiin phat trien manh (hien ca
nude cd tren 3 trieu hd kinh doanh ca the,
17.535 hgp tac xa kieu mdi, tren 2.000
lang nghe)... Day la nhting cO sd gdp phiin
rai quiin trgng tiio ra cdng an viec lam eho
ngudi lao tldng.

Ben canh dd, Nha nude cQng ddng xai

trd quan trgng trong chuyen itr tao viec
lam true tiep sang gian tiep thdng qua cac
chinh sach, ngudn luc hd trg, dac biet
thdng qua Chuong trinh muc lieu qude gia
ve xiee lam. Nhtrng nam qua, Chuong trinh
da cd su ldng ghep hieu qua xdi cac
chuong trinh phat trieln kinh te - xa hdi
khac, thirc hien cac du an ve tin diing viec
lam vdi lai suai uu dai itr Quy qude gia x'e

viec lam gdp phan thiie day chuyen dich co
cau kinh te, co cau lao ddng, gan day nghe
vdi lao viec lam, tbiic daiy thi trudng lao
ddng'phat trien. Tir nam 2001-2008. Quy
qude gia ve viec lam da cho vay hon 100
nghin du an Idn, nhd, gdp phan tao ra hang
trieu ehd lam cbo cdng nhan (chi linh
rieng trong 4 nam 2001-2004, Quy da cap
dugc 3.700 li ddng vdn cbo tren 80 ngan
du an, lao viec lam cho 1,32 trieu ngudi).
Ddng thdi. qua xiee thuc hien Chuemg
trinh da gdp phan nang cao nhan thirc ciia
cac cap, cac nganh, ciia ngudi dan va ciia
xa hdi X'e giai quyei vice lam; ngudi hio
ddng ngay cang chii ddng, nang dgng. lu
tao vice lam cho minh va cho ngudi khac,
khdng thu ddng. trdng ehd y Uii xao su hd
trg true tiep tir Nha nude.

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ngoai da duoc dao lao nghe. Giai doan

2001-2005, nude ta da dua dugc 295,1

nghin lao ddng di lam viec d nude ngoai,

lir nam 2006 den nay, binh quan mdi nam

Viet Nam dua duge khoang 83.000 lao

ddng, chiem khoang 5% tdng so lao ddng

dugc giai quyet viec lam.

Nhin chung, cac chfnh sach viec lam

giai doan 2001-2008 da gdp phan tao viec

lam cho hon II trieu ngudi; co cau lao

ddng chuyen dich theo hudng tfch cue,

tang lao ddng cdng nghiep - xay dung va

dich vu, giam lao ddng ndng nghiep (nam

2001 CO cau lao ddng ndng nghiep, edng

nghiep - xay dung va dich vu la 63%,14%,

23%'thi nam'2007, tuong'irng la 53%,

19% va 28%); giam li le thai nghiep d khu

vue thanh thi tir 6,28% nam 2001 xudng

cdn 4,91% nam 2007; tang sd lao ddng

qua dao tao tir 22% nam 2001 len 35,4 %

nam 2007...

2. Nhung han ehe can khSc phue.

Tuy vay, ben canh nhiing kei qua da dat

dugc, van de lao ddng - viec lam van la va'n

de hire xiic, cdn nhieu hiin ehe can khac

phiic. Theo bao cao ciia Bd Lao ddng,

Thuong binh va Xa hdi, hien nay, sd lao

ddng trong do tudi lao ddng la hon 44 trieu

ngudi. Nhin loan canh, lao ddng Viet Nam

phan Idn van la lao ddng giiin don, thieu

lao ddng cd kl nang, ihtra lao ddng d ddng

bang, thieu lao ddng d mien niii... Ndi

each khac, hien cd su mai can dd'i nghiem

trgng gitra cung va ciu ve lao ddng, the

hien tren cac mat sau :

<i>- Ve chdt liicfng dgi ngit lao dgng: Do </i>

yeu cau eua tien trinh CNH,HDH va hdi

nhap kinh te qud'c te ddi hdi lao ddng chai

lugng cao ngay cang Idn, nhung tren thuc

te, trinh dg chuyen mdn kl thuat ciia lao

ddng Viet Nam nhin chung van cdn yeu ve

<i>chai lugng, thieu ve sd lugng, gdn 1Q% lao </i>

ddng chua qua dao tao, mdt bd phan lao

ddng da qua dao tao hoac dugc sir dung

khdng dung nganh ngh^ dao lao, ph<ii dao

lao liii mdi cd the lam viec trong cac doanh

nghiep. Hau hei ngudi lao ddng cdn mang

thdi quen, lap quan san xuai nhd, thieu

nang ddng va sang lao, y thiic ki luat, tac

phong cdng nghiep kem; kien thiie va kl

nang lam viee theo nhdm ban ehe, ngai

phat huy sang kien va chia se kinh nghiem

lam viec. Do dd, nguy co mat siic canh

tranh tren thi trudng la rat Idn khi tham gia

vao qua trinh phan cdng lao ddng qud'c te.

<i>- Ve ccr cdn lao dgng: Co cau lao ddng </i>

va CO cau viec lam dang cd sir mai can ddi

Idn xet theo nganh, vting kinh te, dan den

tinh trang mdt so nganh va viing kinh te cd

lao ddng ddi du, ti le lao ddng thai nghiep

cao. Lao ddng nude ta chii yeu lam viec

trong llnh vue ndng nghiep (54,7%), lao

ddng d khu virc ndng thdn chiem sd lugng

chu yeu (75%) gay siic ep Idn ve giai quyei

viec lam. Hien nay, thi trudng lao ddng

Viet Nam da budc dau hinh thanh va phat

trien nhung tap trung ebu yeu d cac linh,

thanh phd Idn cd nhi6u khu cdng nghiep,

khu ehe xual va 3 vung kinh te trgng diem,

d cac linh khac miic do cdn so khai. Lao

ddng phan bd khdng ddng deu, chii yeu d

ndng thdn va ddng bang, thua thdt d mien

niii. Vdi ldc do nay thi de dat muc lieu den

nam 2020, Viet Nam co bdn la nude cdng

nghiep theo hudng hien dai nhu dinh

hudng Chien luge phat trien kinh le - xa

hdi 2001-2010 ddi hdi phai cd su nd lire rai

Idn eiia tai ca cac cap, cac nganh.

<i>- Ve ccr edu ddo tao nguon nhdn hie: Co </i>

cau dao lao anh hudng true tiep den co cau

lao ddng theo trinh do, nghe nghiep

chuyen mdn. Thuc te trong thdi gian qua,

chung ta thudng chii y den dao tao nhu'ng

nganh nghe cd chi phi dao tao thap (ft ihi

nghiem, ft thuc hanh...) nhu cac nganh

kinh te, luat (chiem 43% sd sinh vien dao

tao), cdn cac nganh khoa hge - kl thuat chi

chiem 25,5%. Dieu nay chua tuong thich

vdi yeu cau CNH, HDH dai nude. Tinh

trang dd lam cho li le thai nghiep ciia lao

ddng d bae dai hge xap xi tdi 4%, nhieu cir

nhan kinh le, luat phai lam viec khdng theo

diing nganh nghe dugc dao tao...

Day la thach thire Idn ve nhan luc irong

phat trien kinh le- xa hdi ciia dai nude, dac

biet khi Viet Nam hdi nhiip kinh te the

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NGHIEN Cli/U -TRAO 001

gidi. Vdi tdc do tang dan sd cao iren
1%/nam, mdi nam, Viet Nam cd bon I
trieu lao ddng budc vao do tudi lao ddng;
nira trieu hge sinh, sinh vien, ngudi hge
nghe tdi nghiep ra trudng. Cdng vdi sd lao
ddng bi thai nghiep tir cac nam trudc
chuyen sang, sd lao ddng ndng thdn bi thu
hdi dai ndng nghiep, sd lao ddng ddi du do
sap xep lai doanh nghiep nha nude... ude
tinh giai doan 2006-20 io, khoang 8 trieu
ngudi cd nhu cau giai quyei viec lam. Day
la sire ep Idn trong giai quyei viec lam khi
trong tbi trudng lao ddng hien nay, cung
lao ddng van Idn ban cau lao ddng. Nam
2007, ti le thai nghiep d khu vue thanh tbi
la 4,91%, ti le thieu viec lam d khu virc
ndng thdn la 5,79%... Hon ntra, viec lam
an kem hieu cjua eua khdng il cac tap doan
kinh te, cac tdng cdng ty, cac doanh nghiep
nha nude dan den ng nan qua Idn; viec
nhap sieu vdi mii:c do qua cao (4 thang dau
nam 2008 bang ca nam 2007)... da budc
Chinh pbii phai cat giam nhieu cdng trinh
dau tu cang lam cbo so lao ddng thieu viec
lam, mai viec lang len. Ddng thdi, kio
ddng ddi ra tir viec sap xep lai he thdng

doanh nghiep nha nude cung la mdt trong
nhiing nhan id tac ddng Idn den lao ddng
-viec lam ciia nen kinh le (hien nay cd
khoang hon 10 van lao ddng ddi du khi
thirc bien viec sap xep lai he thdng doanh
nghiep nha nude)...

Ben canh dd, nhung nam qua, gicii quyei
viec lam d nude la cbii yeu theo hudng lap
trung giiii quyei viec lam cho luc lugng lao
ddng chua qua dao lao, vi vay lap trung
phat tridn cac nganh sir dung nhieu lao
ddng (giay da. del may, ehe bien ihiiy
san....). Tuy nhien, day khdng phai la
nhu'ng nganh cd Igi the trong ciinh tranh,
cung khdng phiii la nhtrng nganh nen tiing
hoac nganh tiem nang ciia ndn kinh te Viet
Nam, bdi nganh del may, giay da d nude la
hien nay 80% nguyen lieu de siin xuat la
nhap ngoai. Do dd, hudng giiii quyei viec
lam trong giai doiin tiep theo can thu hiit
luc lugng lao ddng xao cac nganh cd Igi
the canh tranh (nhu'ng nganh dua lai hieu

qua kinh tecao), nhtrng nganh nen tang va
nhtrng nganh tidm nang ciia nen kinh te.
Phat trien mdt sd nganh khac sir dung
nhieu lao ddng phd thdng nen gan vdi
nhtrng nganh sir dung nguyen lieu san xual
ra tir trong nude (cac nganh cdng nghiep

ehe bien tbiiy san. hang ndng siin
pham....). Dieu dd. mdi mat se giai quyei
lao ddng tai ehd. mat khac thuc day san
xuai trong nude phat iricn ben virng va dua
lai Igi icb cbo qud'c gia nhieu hon.

Mdt van de ntra can quan tam khac phuc
la nhu'ng nam qua. be thdng thdng tin thi
trudng lao ddng chua hoan thien. he ihd'ng
giao dich x iec lam chua m;inh. chu yeu van
la binh ibire true tiep gitra ngudi lao ddng
va ngudi sir dung lao ddng (chiem tren
80% ldng sd giao dich). Cac chinh sach xe
tien luong. tien cdng ndi chung chua phan
anh dugc gia tri theo quy luat ciia thi
trudng, chua khuyen khich ngudi liio ddng
phat buy hei kha nang xa chua thuc hien
dugc ehirc nang "kich eau" dc siin xuiit
phat trien.

Htm ntra, vice biin hanh cac van biin
hudng dan thuc hien cac chinh s&h \e lao
ddng - vice lam chua day dii, chua thuc su
theo sat thuc lien, hieu qua trien khai thuc
hien chinh sach edn cham, lung tung xa
thiip. Cdng tac thanh ira, kiem tra thuc
hien chinh sach chua thudng xuyen, viee
xir ly vi phiim chua thuc su nghiem minh,
anh budng khdng tdt den vice giai quyei
viec lam xa phat trien thi trudng lao ddng.

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diiu tu phat trien Siin xuat - kinh doanh, tao

nhieu viec lam. Nha nude tirng budc thiei

lap the ehe thi trudng lao ddng phu hgp vdi

nen kinh te Ihi trudng, ddng thdi thuc hien

trg giiip giai quyei viec lam, lam tdt vai trd

"ba dd" ddi vdi cac ddi tugng lao ddng dac

thu (lao ddng la ngudi tan tat, lao ddng la

ngudi dan tdc, lao ddng ntr...) nham khac

phuc nhtrng tac ddng lieu cue ciia thi

trudng.

<b>3. Nhiing giai phap co ban nh^m giai </b>

<b>quyet viec lam cho ngudi lao ddng trong </b>

<b>thdi gian tdi. </b>

Tir tu tudng chii dao eua Chien luge

phat trien kinh le - xa hdi Viet Nam giai

doan 2001-2010, Bd Lao ddng, Thuong

binh va Xa hdi da xay dung Chien luge

viec lam trong thdi gian tuong ting vdi muc

<i>lieu "Chuyen dich ca cau lao ddng phti hgp </i>

vdi CO cau kinh le; dam bao viec lam cho

phan Idn lao ddng cd nhu edu viec lam;

nang cao nang suat lao ddng, tang thu

nhap va cai thien chai lugng cudc sdng cho

nban dan".

Theo dd, tir nay den 2010, se giai quyei

viec lam cho 3-3,2 trieu liio ddng; trong

dd, Itr du an cho vay giai quyei viec lam la

600-700 lao ddng; duy tri li le thai nghiep

d khu vue tbanb tbi dudi miic 5%; giam ti

le lao ddng lam viec trong llnh vue ndng

nghiep xudng dudi 50%. Ve xual khaiu lao

ddng, binh quan mdi nam dua dugc

100.000 lao ddng di lam xiee d nude

ngoai; trong dd, 60% lao ddng qua dao lao

nghe, 5-10% la lao ddng d cac huyen cd ti

le hd ngheo cao; li le lao ddng qua dao tao

dat 40% (irong dd, dao tiio nghe la 30%).

De thuc hien thang Igi muc lieu tren,

can thuc hien tdt cac giai phap chii yeu

sau:

<i>Mot Id, hoan thien ddng bd va kip thdi </i>

he thdng phap lual ve thi trudng lao ddng:

<i>Sira ddi, bd sung Bi> ludt Lao dgng cho phu </i>

hgp vdi linh hinh mdi, khain truong xay

<i>dung va ban hanh Ludt \'iec Idm, Ludt Tien </i>

<i>Ido'ng ldi thieu theo hudng tiep can \'di cac </i>

<i>quy dinh ciia qude le trong nin kinh le'thi </i>

trudng; hudng din day du, cu the cac van

<i>de cdn lai ciia Luiit Day nghe, Ludt Bdo </i>

<i>hiem xd hgi, Ludt Diia ngiiifi lao dgng Viet </i>

<i>Nam di Idm viec d niidc ngodi theo hgp </i>

<i>dong. Ddng thdi, phan cap tang cudng </i>

trach nhiem cho chinh quyen dia phuong

trong quiin ly nha nude ve lao ddng; thuc

hien cdng khai, dan cbii, minh bach ve

chinh sach, ehe do ddi vdi ngudi lao ddng

va ngudi sir dung lao ddng.

<i>Hai Id, huy ddng va sir dung cd hieu </i>

qua cac ngudn lire trong nude va qud'c le

cho dau tu phat trien, nhai la nhu'ng viing,

nganh, llnh vue cd kha nang thu hut nhieu

lao ddng nhu cac vting kinh te ddng luc,

trgng diem d 3 mien, khu vue dan doanh,

trudc hei la cac doanh nghiep vira va

nhd...; khu vue dich vu, nhai la cac dich vu

thu hut nhieu lao ddng kei hgp khai thac

tiem nang, the manh ciia dai nude va con

ngudi Viet Nam. Chuyen dich manh co

cau kinh te va lao ddng ndng thdn theo

hudng CNH, HDH de tao them nhieu viec

lam tai ehd, gdp phan giam bdt ap luc ve

lao ddng ra cac thanh phd lam viec.

Cu the, phat trien miinb nhtrng nganh

nghe cd Igi the, ben canh nhirng nganh

nghe sir dung lao ddng cd kl thuat cao, can

tiep luc phat trien nhtrng nganh nghe dau

tu ft xdn nhung sir dung nhieu lao ddng;

gan quy hoach cac khu cdng nghiep vdi ke

hoach sir dung lao ddng, dac biet la lao

ddng dia phuong noi chuyen ddi muc dich

sir dung dai ndng, lam nghiep.

Tiep tiic phat trien cac doanh nghiep

vira va nhd, vira thiic daiy phat trien kinh le,

vira gdp phan gidi quyei viec lam (ude linh

mdi doanh nghiep vtra va nhd di vao boat

ddng se thu hut binh quan 50 lao ddng);

phat trien kinh te hd gia dinh theo hudng

chuyen ddi co cau cay trdng, vat nudi, dac

biet la khuyen khich phat trien trang trai;

khdi phuc va phat trien cac lang ngh6, cac

nghe tieu, Ihii cdng nghiep iruyen ihd'ng

Siin xuai cac mat hang thii cdng ml nghe

xuai khau.

<i>Ba Id, tang cudng su hd trg eua Nha </i>

nude trong giai quyei vice lam va phat

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NGHIEN Cl^U -TRAO 001

trien tbi trudng hio ddng thdng qua viec
thuc hien Chuong trinh muc tieu qude gia
X'e viec lam den nam 2010, thuc hien long

ghep cd bieu qua Chuong trinh vdi cac
chuong trinh muc tieu qud'c gia khac (xe
giao due - dao liio, vc giam ngheo...) va
cac chuong trinh phat trien kinh l e - xa hdi,
dac biet tren dia ban cap linh. thanh phd.
Quan tam cdng tac dua ngudi lao dgng di
lam viec d nude ngoai theo hgp ddng. coi
day la mot trong nhtrng giai phap gdp phan
lao viec lam cbo ngudi lao ddng.

<i>Bdn Id, hoan thien va phat trien thi </i>

trudng lao ddng de lao ddng dugc xa hdi
hda. ngudi lao ddng dugc quyfin tham gia
trao dgi sire lao ddng tren tbi trudng theo
quan be kinh tc thi trudng. Dieu dd vira
dam bao Igi fch cho ngudi lao ddng. vira
tao ddng lire tbiic daiy chai lugng dgi ngu
lao ddng, gdp phan vao viec hinh thanh
ddng bd the ehe kinh le tbi trudng dinh
hudng xa hdi cbii nghia. Trong dd, tap
trung vao cac ndi dung nhu xay dung x'a
hoan thicn he thdng thdng tin tbi trudng
lao ddng nham phd bien rdng rai cho mgi
ddi lugng cd nhu ciiu; phat trien ddng bd
he ihd'ng giao dich tren tbi trudng theo
hudng quy hoach ldng the be thdng trung
tam gidi thieu vice lam x'a cac co sd gidi
thieu vice lam, diiu tu nang cao nang lire
cac trung tam, xay dung 3 trung lani d 3

viing kinh le trgng diem dat lieu chuiin, da
dang hda cac "kenh" giao dich tren tbi
trudng lao ddng; id cbirc thudng xuyen,
dinh ki cac san giao dich vice lam de cd
the' kei ndi hoat ddng giiio dich tren phiim
vi loiin qud'c. Tang cudng trg giiip ngudi
lao dgng de hg cd day dii thdng tin tim
kiem vice lam, tu tao xiee lam; cd hinh
thire giao due phiip luat phu hgp de' ngirdi
lao ddng cd th<} tu bao xc dugc quyen xa
Igi ich hgp phap eua minh... Trong nhtrng
nam tdi, hudng giiii quyei kha tich ci^re ddi
vdi hio ddng, vice lam d nude la la md rdng
va nang ciio hieu qua xuiit khaiu lao dgng.

<i>Ndm Id, nang cao chiii lugng ngudn liio </i>

ddng ca xe trinh dd hoc xiin xa trinh do
chuyen mdn ki tbuiit, ki nang lay nghe;

Ihuc hien lien thdng gitra cac cap trinh do;
giao diic - dao tao theo dinh hudng giin xdi
cau lao ddng. ddng thdi. nang cao hieu biei
X'e phap lual. y thirc ki lual. lac phong cdng
nghiep va nang cao the luc dam bao cung
cap ddi ngu lao ddng cd chai lugng ca xe
the luc va tri lire, dap irng yeu ciiu ciia nen
san xuai cdng nghiep. Phat tri^n ngudn
nhan lire phu hgp xdi yeu cau sir dung.
Hien nay, ca nude cd 250 trudng diu hge.

cao dang va 2.052 co sd day nghe (trong
dd, cd 55 trudng cao dang nghe, 242
trudng trung cap ngh6 xa trudng day
nghe). bang nam luyen hon 200 nghin sinh
vien Ciio dang, dai hge. khoang 120 nghin
hge sinh trung hge. chuyen nghiep xa
tuyen sinh day ngh^ tren 1.4 trieu ngudi.
"San phiim" dao lao phai dap u'ng yeu ciiu
sir dung ca trong nude xa ngoai nude (xuiii
khaiu lao ddng). Mat khac. phai chii trgng
dao tiio ddi ngu doanh nhan. cac nha quiin
ly cd trinh do cao; uu tien dao tiio ehuxcn
ddi nghe cho hio dong ndng thdn. nhiit hi
thanh nien d nhirng noi bi thu hoi diii nong.
lam nghiep. Day lii mdt qua trinh lau dai
vdi nhieu co ehe. chinh sach thich hgp. ddi
hdi cd sU tham gia ciia tiii ca cac ciip. ciic
nganh xa phai thue bien ngay tir bae hge
phd thdng.

<i>Sdu Id. hoan thicn va phat trien he thdng </i>

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