Xây dựng chương trình quản lý và trộn đề thi trắc nghiệm

..

TRI/OfNG DAI HQC AN GIANG
KHOA KY THlLj/T - CONG NGHE - MOI TRl/ONG

LE XUAN PHI - DTH082055

KHOA LUAN TOT NGHlEP DAI HQC NGANH CU" NHAN TIN HOC

XAYDlTNG

CHlTONG TRINH QUAN LY VA TRQN D
THITRAC NGHIEM
TR^ONG DAI HQC
AN GIANG

THU VIEN

i6n

gn.

ThS.NguylnTMiDu

An Giang, 04/2012


Khoa luan tot nghiep - Xay dung chuong trinh quan ly va tron de thi trac nghiem

LCJI CAM ON
csffllso

Trudc tien, em muon gici loi cam cm sdu sac nhdt den thdy Nguyen Thai Du,
ngudi da tan tinh hudng dan em trong sudt qua trinh thuc Men thuc tap cung nhu
khoa luan tot nghiep.
Em xin bay to loi cam on chah thdnh den nhitng thdy cd gido da gidng day em
trong bon ndm qua, rihung kien thuc ma em nhdn duoc tren gidng dudng dqi hoc se Id
hdnh tranggiup em vung budc trong tuong lai.
Em cung muon gici Idi cam on Khoa Ky thudt - Cong nghe - Moi trudng vd
Trung tarn Tin hoc Trudng Dqi hoc An Giang da tqo dieu kien thudn lai cho em hoc
tap vd thuc Men de tdi nay.
Cudi ciing, em muon gici loi cam on den tat cd ban be, vd dqc Met Id cha me,
nhung ngudi ludn kip thai ddng vien vd giiip dd em vuqt qua nhieng khd khan trong
cube song.

Mac du dd cd gang hodn thdnh de tdi trong phqm vl vd khd ndng cho phep
nhung chdc chan se khdng trdnh khdi nhung thieu sot. Em rat mong nhdn duqc sic
thong cam, gdpyvd tan tinh chi bdo ciia quy thdy cd vd ede ban.
LongXuyen, ngdy 10 thdng 5 ndm 2012
Sinh vien thuc Men
LeXudnPM

Giang vien hucrng din: ThS. Nguyln Thdi Du


Khda luan t6t nghiep - Xay dung chuong trinh quln ly va tron dg thi trac nghiem

TOM TAT
Phin noi dung cua tai lieu nay duac t6 chile nhu sau:
-Chuong 1: Tong quan
Cac van de dupe ndu ra trong chuong nay nhu sau:

•Bat vin dg: neu len each tiep cdn vin dg, ly do chon de tai va muc
tieu dS tai hudng din la gi.
•Lich su giai quyit vdn dS: cac phln mlm thuong mai cung nhu d6
tai da thuc hien co lien quan.
-Chuong 2: Co- sd ly thuyet
N^i dung chinh trong phan nay nhu:
•Ly thuy^t v6 trie nghiem, so sanh uu khuygt didm gitta 2 phucrng
phap la tu luan va trac nghiem khach quan.
• Trinh bay cac kilu cau h6i tr^c nghiem khach quan dupe ap dung
Men nay va each xay dung mpt de trac nghiSm nhu the nao. '
-Chuong 3: Phan tich
Tir co so ly thuydt, toi tien hanh phan tich cac van d^ nghiep vu cua d6
tai. Cac vln dh trong chuong nay nhu sau:
•Bua ra cac dang cau hoi trac nghiem dudi goc nhin ky thuat.
•Neu ra ede van de can giai quyet va xac dinh hudng giai quyet
vin dh do.
•Cac phan tich duac chi ra dudi dang cac Mac d6 va sa d6 dh
ngudi doc de hinh dung.
-Chuong 4: Thiet ke
Bay la phln thiSt ke nen cau true cung nhu dtf lieu chuong trinh, trong
phan nay toi se trinh bay vd:
•Thiet kg luu trtt ca sd du lieu luu trtt.
•Thigt kg giao dien cua chuong trinh.
-Phan kit Man va dh nghi
Phdn nay se tong kgt lai hit cac qua trinh tiip can va xay dung di tai,
torn tat lai cac van dg da thuc Men, dua ra nhttng han chg cua dg tai ciing nhu
hudng phat trign trong tuong lai de dg tai hoan thien ban.

Giang vign hudng din: ThS. Nguyln Thai Du

Khoa luan t6t nghiep - Xay dung chuong trinh quan ly va tron di thi trie nghiem

MUC LUC

LOlCAMONi
TOM TATii

MUC LUCiii
DANHMUCHINH.v
DANH MUC BANGvi
DANH SACH KY HIEU VA TU" VIET TATvii
CHUONG l.TONG QUAN1
1.1.Bat vin dS1

1.2.Lich sir giai quyit vin di2
1.2.1.Cac phan mint thuomg mai:2
1.2.2.Cac d tai da thuc hien truoc day:2
1.2.3.Pham vi de tai2
1.2.4.Phucmg phap nghi&i ciiu va moi tru6ng phdt trien2

CHUONG 2. CO Sd LY THUYET4
2.1.Cac dinh nghla cin bi^t4
2.2.Sa luge v6 ly thuyet trie nghiem4
2.2.1.So sanh phucmg phap trac nghiem khach quan va tit luan4
2.2.2.Cac kieu cau hoi trie nghiem khach quan.'7
2.2.3.Trie nghiem chuan muc va trac nghiem tieu chi:8
2.2.4.Xay dung mot dS trie nghiem'.11

CHUONG 3. PHAN TICH13

3.1.Cac dang cau hoi trac nghiem trong van de ky thuat:13
3.1.1.Dang thuin van ban13
3.1.2.D^ing van ban c6 dinh dang".13
3.1.3.Cau hoi co hinh anh va van ban khong dinh dang13

3.1.4.Cau hoi dang ket hpp gitta hinh anh va van ban dinh dang14
3.2.Cac vin di luu trQ15
3.2.1.Cau hoi 16ng15
3.2.2.Xoa mot cau h6i khi dara d6 thi16
3.2.3.Luu noi dung cdu hoi co dinh dang16
3.2.4.Xay dung dS thi theo tieu chi:17
3.3.So d6 chiic nang he thing:18
3.4.Luge do Use Case:19
3.4.1.

Danh sach va mo ta tac nhan (actor):19

Gidng vien hudng din: ThS. Nguyln Thai Du

iii


Khoa luan t6t nghiep - Xay dung chuong trinh quan ty va trn de thi trac nghiem
3.4.2.Danh sach va mo ta chiic naiig Use Case:19
3.4.3.Luqc do Use Case t6ng quat:21
3.4.4.Luge do Use Case chi tiet:22

3.5.

So d6 lop d6i tagng25

3.5.1.Danh sach lop d6i tagng25
3.5.2.Soddlop:26

CHUC5NG 4. THIET KE27
4.1.Thiet ke co so dft lieu27
4.1.1.Mo hinh co so da lieu quan he27
4.1.2.Cac bang da lieu28

4.2.Thi^t k^ giao dien33
PHANKETLUANVADENGHI•.37
I.K6t qua dat dugc37
II.Chualamdugc37
III.Hudng phat tri&i37

PHULUC38
TAI LlfiU THAM KHAO'.55

Giang vien hudmg din: ThS. Nguyln Thdi Du


Khoa luan tot nghiep - Xay d\rng chuong trinh qu&n ly va trpn de thi trac nghiem

DANH MUC HINH
Hinh 1. M6i quan he gitia Ngan hang cau hoi - Ma tran ki6n thiic - BS kilm tra12
Hinh2. Cau hoi dahrachon15
Hinh3.Sad6chticnangheth6ng18
Hinh 4. So d6 Usecase t6ng quat21
Hhth 5. So d6 Usecase chi ti^t22
Hinh 6. Usecase Admin23'

Hinh 7. Usecase Giao vien24

Hinh 8. So d6 lop d6i tuong26
Hinh 9. Mo hinh co s^ dtt lieu quan he27
Hinh 10. Giao di&i chinh ^ man hinh dang nhap33
Hinh 11. Giao dipn quan fy mon hoc33
Hinh 12.' Giao dien quan ty chu dS34
Hinh 13. Giao dien soan cau hoi34
Hinh 14. Giao dien ciu hinh &b thi - tron &h - kSt xudt cau hoi35
Hinh 15. Giao dien ngan hang cau h6i35
Hinh 16. Giao dien quan ly tje thi.'36
Hinh 17. Giao dien sao luu vaphuchoi du Iifu36

Giang vien hudng din: ThS. Nguyin Thdi Du


Khoa lugn t6t nghiep - Xay dung chuong trinh quan ly va tron d6 thi trac nghiem

DANH MUC BANG
Bang 1. Danh sach ky hieuvii
Bang 2. Danh muc ttr viet tatvii
Bang3.C6ngcuphattrign3
Bang 4. So sanh uu thi gitta trie nghiem va tir luan6
Bang 5. So sanh trac nghigm chuan muc va trac nghiem tieu chi10
Bang 6. Ma tran kien thiic mon toan cao cap12Bang 7. Danh sach actor19
Bang 8. Danh sach Usecase19
Bang 9. Danh sach lop dii tuong.'25
Bang 10. Danh sdeh bang du lieu28
Bang 11. Bang cau hoi28
Bang 12. Bang cfiu chon29

Bang 13. B^ng &k thi29
Bang 14. B^ngkythi30
Bang 15. B^ng mon hoc30
Bang 16. Bang chu dh30
Bang 17. Bang loai nguoi dung31
Bang 18. B^ngnguod dung31
Bang 19. B^ngphanbo cau hoi32
Bang 20. Bang phin32
Bang 21. Bang pMn cau hoi32
Bang 22. UseCase "Dang nhap"38
Bang23.UseCase"Soancauh6i"39
Bang 24. UseCase "Siia cau hoi"40
Bang 25. UseCase "Xoa cau hoi"41
Bang 26. UseCase "Tim kiSm cau hoi"42
Bang 27. UseCase "Soan dS thi"43
Bang 28. UseCase "Siia dg thi"44
Bang 29. UseCase "Siia d6 thi"'.45
Bang 30. UseCase "Tim kigm dg thi"46
Bang 31. UseCase "Qu^nlyky thi"47
Bang 32. UseCase "Quan ly chu dg"48
Bang 33. UseCase "Thgm nguoi dung"50
Bang 34. UseCase "Siia th6ng tin nguoi dung"51
Bang 35. UseCase "Xoa nguM dung"52
Bang 36. UseCase "Sao hru he thing"53
Bang 37. UseCase "Phuc h6i he thing".•:54

Giang vign hucmg din: ThS. Nguyln Th^i Du

Khoa luan t6t nghifp - Xay dung chucng trinh quan ly va trpn di thi trie nghiem

DANH SACH KY HIEU VA TIT VIET TAT
Bang 1. Danh sach ky hifu

S^T :

1

• Khainifm

Kfhieu

%

Actor

(Tac nhan)

A ctor

2

-|

'Ynghla

1

M^t nguM hoac m6t

nhom ngtroi tac dong
hoac thao tie din he
thing.
Mot chuii cac hanh
dong ma he thing thuc

Use-case

•(^UseCase^,

(Tnrcrng hop sti dung)

hien mang lai ket qua
quan sat dupe doi vai
Actor.

Quan he m^ rong, thi

3

extend

hien quan he gitia cac
Usecase vdi nhau.

Quan hS bao gim, thi

4

include

hien quan he gifta cac
Usecase vai nhau.

Quan he ting quat hoa,

5

Communication

la quan he gitia Actor
vdi Actor.

Bang 2. Danh muc tir viet tit

STT

•Tirviittit

1

TL

2

TNKQ

3

NHCHTN

4

CH

5

DTN

Ynghia
Tuluan

Trie nghifm khdeh quan
Ngan hang cau h6i trie nghiem
Cau hoi

Di trie nghiem

Gi&ng vien huong dan: ThS. Nguyen Thdi Du

Ghichii

j


Khda luan tot nghiep - Xay dung chtrcmg trinh quan ly va trpn de thi trac nghiem

CHUONG 1. TONG QUAN
1.1. Bat van ai
Trong chiin lu^e phat triin kinh ti xa hoi 2010 - 2020 cua Viet Nam, ddi mdi

giao due la mot trong ba< khau chiin luge quan trpng; cho thiy giao due la mot trong
nhttng nhiem vu trong tarn hang dau ciia dat nude. Nhiem vu cua giao due la dao tao
nhung con ngudi trd thanh cac nhan luc him ich cho cac nganh nghe cua dat nude.
Giao due theo mot nghta nom na la viec day va hoc. Mot khau rat quan trong k^t ndi
viec day va hoc la ddnh gid, de biet viec day va hpc xay ra nhu the nao, dat hieu qua ra
sao. Muon danh gia dung dan ph^i do lucng chinh xac. Trie nghiem chinh la mpt
phuong phap cua khoa hoc ve do ludng trong giao due.
Trong nhung nam gan day, hau het cac ky thi qudc gia quan trpng deu sir dung
phuong phap trie nghiem khach quan (TNKQ) nhu la mot xu hudng trong dao tao.
Vdi uu diem tren, ngay cang cd nhieu ngudi, dac biet la cac thay co giao d moi bac
hoc, quan tam den phucrng phap nay. Ben canh do, su phat tri^n cua cong nghe thong
tin da va dang lam thay ddi toan bo thS gidi. Sir k^t hop giua phuong phap thi trie
nghiem vit tin hoc khdng nhifng dap ling dupe cac yu t6 do ma con giup ti^t kiem chi
phi to chiic thi, thdi gian va cong siic cua giao vien dong thai ket qua lai nhanh chdng
va chinh xac cao.

Tir nhung ly do neu tr^n, tdi ti6n hanh nghien ciiu ly thuy^t v6 trie nghiem
khach quan va xay dung chuang trinh quan ly vd trqn de thi trac nghiem phuc vu cho
cong tac gi^ng day va danh gia ket qua hpc tap mot each hieu qua.
Be tai nay gom cac npi dung:
Chtrffng 1: Tong quan
Chutrng 2: Co- sit ly thuyet
Chu-ong 3: Phan tich

Chirong 4: Thilt ke
Phan kit luan va de nghi.

Giang vien hudng dan: ThS. Nguyen Thai Du

Khoa luan tot nghiep - Xay dung chtrong trinh quan ly va trpn de thi trac nghiem

1.2. Lich sir giai quyet van cle
1.2.1.Cac ph^i mim thuomg mai: .

-Phln m6m FAST TEST ctia C6ng ty SSI (Sientific Software
International), Hoa Ky, dupe Truang Dai hoc Thang Long nhap vao Viet Nam
vai nam nay nhung sur dung kem hieu qua trong dieu kien cu the cua nude ta.
-Phdn m^m TESTPROplus cua Cong ty Cong nghe Giao dpc va Xtl ly Dft

lieu (EDTECH-VN).
-Phan mem McMix cua Cong ty TNHH mot thanh vien phan mem Anh
Quan.

1.2.2.Cac dS tai da thuc hien truac day:
-Khoa luan "Xay dung chuong trinh quan ly &b thi trie nghiem" cua sinh
vien Nguyen Van Vu (khoa 5 - nganh Tin hoc) khoa Ky thuat - C6ng nghe Moi Trucmg - Dai hoc An Giang.
1.2.3.Phamvid^ tai
Truac nhung yeu ciu thuc t^ vg su da dang trong soan thao cau hoi va d thi, dh
tai duac dat ra vdi muc tieu: xay dung mot chuong trinh qudn ly va trpn de thi trac
nghiem dap ting duac viec soan th^o cac dang cau hoi, soan de thi, trpn d, co kha
nang phdt sinh de thi dua tren cac tieu chi dupe dua ra.
Mot so chiic nang quan ly dupe dua ra nhu sau:
•Quan l^ thong tin nguoi dimg.
•Quan ly viec sao luu va phuc h6i he thong.
•Quan ly mon hoc.

•Quan ly chii dk
•Quan ly cau hoi (soan cau hoi, cap nhat cau hoi, x6a cau hoi).

•Quan ly dh thi (so^n dh thi, cap nhat d6 thi, xoa dh thi).
•Quan ly ky thi.
•Trpn de - phat sinh de.
•Kgtxudtdgthi.
1.2.4.Phuang phap nghien cuu va moi trucmg phat trien
a. Thu th^p thong tin
-

Tim hieu v6 cac phdn mem thuang mai da co tren thi trudng, nhflng uu
khuyet diem cua phan mem do.

Giang vien huctng din: ThS. Nguyln Thdi Du


Khoa luan t6t nghiep - Xay dung chuong trinh quan ly va tron de thi trie nghiem

-Tham khao cac de tai co lien quan cua cac sinh vien khoa truoc da thuc hien
nhtr: Chucrng trinh quan ^^ dg thi trie nghiem, Xay dung website thi trie
nghiem,...

-Danh gia lai cac chiic nang cin co ciia mot chuong trinh qu^n ly va tr6n dg
trac nghiem va tign hanh tim higu ky thuat.
-Phan tich cac van dg ky thuat cin quan tam va dua ra huong giai quygt.
-SOr dung ngugn tai nguygn thong tin khfing 16 tir internet,
b. Cong cu va moi truong phat triin
Trong qua trinh phat trign da stl dung mpt so cong cu dg h6 tr^ nhu sau:
Bang 3. Cong cu phat trien

STT

Ten c6ng cu

Giai doan
su dung

1

MS PowerPoint

2

Nha stin xuat

Cong dung

Phien
ban

Vigt tai lieu

Microsoft

SQL Server

Cai dat

3

Visio

4

Xay dung
bao cao

2010

Microsoft

Quan tri CSDL

2005

Thigt kg

Microsoft

Thigt kg so d6

2007

PowerDesigner

Thigtkg

Sybase

Thigtkg

15.1

5

Visual Studio

Cai dat

Microsoft

Lap trinh

2008

6

MS Word

Microsoft

Vigt tai lieu

2010

7

Power CHM

Thu thap
ygu cau

Cai dat

Dawningsoft

Tao tap tin Tr<^

giup

c- Moi trubng phat triln
-Moi trucmg cai dat ung dung: Microsoft Windows 7
-Moi trubng lap trinh: .NET Framework 3.5
-Cong cu cai dat: Visual Studio C# 2008
-He quan tri ca s6 du lieu: SQL Server 2005
-Cac thu vien ngoai:

o B6 thu vien giao dign: DevExpress
o B6 thu vien Interop.Word cua Microsoft Office Word

Giang vien huong din: ThS. Nguyln Th^i Du

5,5


Khoa luan t6t nghiep - Xay dung chvrcmg trinh quan ly va tron ib thi trie nghiem

CHITONG 2. CO Sd LY THUYET
2.1.Cac dinh nghia can biet
-Cau hoi tu luan (TL): Cac cau hoi bupc phai tra ldi theo dang md, thi sinh
phai tu minh trinh bay y kiSn trong mot bai vi^t d tra lot cau hoi neu ra.

-Cau hoi trie nghiem khdeh quan (TNKQ): D6 thi thudng bao gdm rit nhi^u
cau hoi, mdi cau neu len vln d va nhung thong tin cin thidt dd thi sinh co thi tra ldi
mot each ngan gpn.

-Ngan hang cau hoi trie nghiem (NHCHTN): NHCHTN la tap hop mot si
luong tuong doi ion cac cau hoi trac nghiem, trong do moi cau hoi duoc dinh c&, hie la
dupe gin vdi phan noi dung xac dinh va cac tham so xac dinh.
-Trac nghiem chuan muc: la trac nghiem dupe soan nhim cung cip mot si
each do lucmg thanh tich ma nguoi ta co thi giai thich dupe can cii tren vi thi tuong
dii cua mpt ca nhan so vdi mot nhom ngucri nao do da dupe biit.
-Trie nghiem tieu chi: la trac nghiem dupe soan nhim cung cip mot si each do
ludng miic thanh thao ma ngudi ta co the giai thich dupe can cii tren mot lmh vuc cac
nhiem vu hoc tap da dupe xac dinh va dupe gidi han.
2.2.So1 lirffc ve ly thuyet trac nghiem
2.2.1. So sanh phuong phap trac nghiem khach quan va tu luan
? Phuangphdp TL co cac dac diem sau day:
•Cho phep thi sinh tuong doi tu do trong viec lua chon each bi
cue, trinh bay de dien dat y kien cua minh nhim tr^ ldi mot c^u hoi sao
cho chinh xac va sdng sua.

Trong mot pham vi thai gian han che (mot vai gid) dS thi chi c'd
the hoi vai chu d^ nao do cua mon hoc. Vi cd qua it chu de dupe de cap
nen di xay ra hien tupng "tning tu", "trat tu." tao nen dp may rui ldn
trong thi cu.

•Thi sinh muon trinh bay phan kien thuc nao dd cua mon hoc phai
nhd lai han la nhn biet thong tin.
•Bai thi TL thudng dupe ngudi cham doe, ddnh gid cho diem theo
nhan dinh chu quan cua minh, va cac diem cho bdi nhQng ngudi cham
khac nhau thudng dl khong thdng nhlt.

Giang vien hudng din: ThS. Nguyln Thai Du


Khda luan tot nghiep - Xay dung chuotng trinh quan ly va trdn d^ thi trac nghiem

??? Phuang phdp TNKQ co cdc dqc diem sau day:
•Thi sinh phdi tra lai cdc cdu h6i TNKQ theo cdc phuong an trd lfri
cho san, thdng thuang mot cau hoi chi co mdt phuong an la dung hoac

t6t nhit, phu hop nhlt. Nhu vay thi sinh trd led TNKQ theo mot khuon
khi dinh sin, khong thi dua ra y kien nao khdc ciia minh.
•Vi thfri gian can thiet tie tra lai mot cau h6i trac nghiem thuang

rlt ngln nen mpt dl TNKQ co thd bao g6m rdt nhidu cau hoi co thd ddnh
gia bao trum chuang trinh ciia ca mot mon hoc, didu ndy han chd viec
hoc hi va viec "tning hi, trat hi".
•Kidn thiic gitip thi sinh lira chpn diing cac phuang an trd lori cac
cau hoi trac nghiem, tuy nhien thi sinh khfing co kien thiic cung co the
"doan mo" de tra lai hotic tra lai hii hoa. Ndu de trie nghiem co qua it
cau hoi, didu noi tren co thi din den viec "an may". Tuy nhien, khi s6
cau hoi dii Ian xac suit lam diing do tra ldi hii hoa chi blng 1/n (n - s6
phuang an trong m6i cau hoi), va nguai ta thuang chua tinh dilm mot
bai trie nghidm khi s6 cau h6i tra lai diing nlm dudi nguomg 1/n do.
•Thi shih co thi nhan bilt kien thiic qua cac cau hoi trie nghiem
chii khong can phdi nhd lai de trinh bay.
•Bai TNKQ thudng duac cham dilm bang edeh so sanh xem viec
chpn phuang an diing ciia thi sinh co triing vdi dap an cho sin hay khong
mot each may moc, do do nguai chlm dilm khong dua ra quan dilm
rieng de danh gia bai trac nghiem ma chi dem mpt each may moc. Tir do

TNKQ co the cham bang may. Chinh do tinh khach quan ciia viec cham
diem ma ngudi ta gpi loai trac nghiem do la trac nghiem khdc'h quan.
•VI dupe xay dung tren ca sd khoa hoc xac suit thing ke nen
TNKQ cd nhieu ly thuyet va cong cu di xu ly dinh Iuong. Do tinh dinh
lupng cao cua TNKQ so vdi TL nen dli vdi TNKQ cd thi nang cao theo
muc tieu do lupng dupe dat ra d! do chinh xac nang lire ciia thi sinh.
??? Phuangphdp TL nen diing trong cdc trudng hop sau:
•Khi thi sinh khong qua dong;
•Khi muln khuyln khich va ddnh gid each diln dat;
•Khi muln tim hilu y tudng ciia thi sinh han la khdo sat thanh qud

hoc tip;
•Khi cd thi tin tudng kha nang chlm bai TL ciia giao vien la chinh
xac;

Giang vien hudng din: ThS. Nguyln Thdi Du


Khoa luan tot nghiep - Xay dung chuomg trinh quan ly va trpn de thi trac nghiem

•Khi khong co nhidu thai gian soan d nhung co du thai gian de
cham bai.

??? Phuongphdp TNKQ nen dung trong cdc truang hap sau:
•Khi so thi sinh rat dong;
•Khi muon cham bai nhanh;
•Khi mudn co dilm s6 dang tin cay, khong phu thupc vao ngudi
cham bai;
•Khi phdi coi trpng ydu to cong bdng, vo tu, chinh xdc va muon
ngan chan sir gian Ian khi thi;

•Khi muon de thi co dp an toan cao ve npi dung va dam bao tilth bi
mat.

•Khi mudn kidm tra mt pham vi hi^u bi^t rpng, mudn ngan ngita
nan hoc tu, hpc vet va giam thieu sir may rui.

Bang 4. So sanh uu the giiia tr^c nghiem va tu luan
U"u the thuc ve

phuongphap
Yeu cau

Trdc
nghiem

Tu
luan

It t6n cong ra dl
Danh gid dupe kha nang diln dat, dac biet la diln

•

dat tu duy hinh tuong

^

Thuan lpi cho viec do ludng cac tu duy sang tao
De thi phu kin npi dung mon hpc
ft may rui do tning tu, trat tu

It tdn cong chfim thi

•

Khach quan trong chdm thi, han chd tieu cue
trong chlm thi
GiO bi mat dg thi, han chd quay cop khi thi
Co tinh dinh luong cao, ap dung dupe cdng nghe
do ludng trong viec phan tich xu ly &k nang cao

•/

•/

chat lupng cac cau hoi va de thi
Cung cdp s6 lieu chinh xac \k 6n dinh de sir
dung cho cdc danh gia so sdnh trong gido due

Giang vien hudng din: ThS. Nguyln Thdi Du

•


Khoa luan t6t nghiep - X&y dung chucrng trinh quan ly va tron d^ thi trac nghiem

? Diem twang dSng giwa phuangphdp TNKQ vdphwangphdp TL:
•TNKQ hay TL d^u co thi do ludng hSu hit mpi thanh qu hoc tap
quan trong ma mpt bai khao sat bang loi viet co thd khao sat duqc.

•TNKQ va TL dlu co thi dupe su dung dl khuyln khich hoc sinh
hoc tap nhim d^t d6n cac mgc tieu: hi^u bi^t cac nguyen ly, t6
chiic va ph6i hop cac y tuong, ling dung ki&i thiic giai quyet cdc

vln d^
•TNKQ va TL dSu doi hoi sir van dung it nhidu phan doan cM
quan.

•Gia tri ciia ca hai loai TNKQ va TL tuy thuoc vao tinh khach quan
va dang tin cay ciia chung.
2.2.2. Cac kieu cau hoi trac nghiem khach quan
- Cau ghep ^6i: doi hoi thi sinh phai ghep dung timg cap nhom tu d hai cot vdi nhau
sao cho phu hop ve ^ nghla.
Vi du: Hay dm & cot ben phai ten tdc gia cua hai cau tha liet ke a cot ben trdi:
1. Ho Toy cdnh ctep hoa go hoang
Thon thwc ben song mdnh gidy tan
2. Rang lieu dieu hiu dung chju tang
Toe buon buongxuong le ngdn hang
3. Bong chiiu khong tham, khong vdng vot
Sao day hoang hon Pong mat trong

a. Tham Tdm

b. XudnDieu
c. Huy Can

d. Nguyen Du
e. Han Mac Tie

f. TdHicu

4. Con dwang nhd nho, gid xieu xieu
La Id cdnh hoang, nang trd chieu
5. Ongodi kia vui suang biet bao nhieu
Nghe chim reo trong gio manh ten trieu
Dap an: 1-d, 2-b, 3-a, 4-b, 5-g

Doi voi loai cdu hoi ghep doi, ngudi ta thudng cho so yeu to d c0t ben trdi
khong bang so yeu to d cot ben phai, vi rang khi so yeu to d hai phia bdng nhau thi hai
ydu to cudi chng se mac nhien dupe ghep vdi nhau ma khong phdi lua chon.
- Cau (Men khuyet: neu mot menh de co khuyet mpt bo phan, thi sinh phai nghT ra noi
dung thich hop de dien vao cho trong.

Giang vien hudng dan: ThS. Nguyen Thai Du


Khoa luan tot nghiep - X&y dung chuang trinh quan ly va tron dS thi trie nghiem

Vi du: Ngdy 2 thdng 9 ndm 1945 Chit tick H6 Chi Mihh da doc
khai sinh ra nude Viet Nam Dan chit Cong hoa.
Dap an: Tuyen ngon doc lap.
-Cau tra l^^i ngan: la cau trie nghifm doi hoi tra lai chi blng mot tir hoac mt cum txr
rat ngan neu mot khai niem nao do.

Vi du: Nguyen nhdn hlnh thdnh ede dqc diem thich nghi cita sinh vat la gi?
Dap an: Chqn loc ttf nhien.
-Cau diing sai: dua ra mot nhan dinh thi sinh phai ltra chon mot trong hai phuong an
tra led d khlng dinh nhan dinh do la diing hay sai.
Vi du: Sty khic Id qua trlnh nhuang electron
A. Dung

B. Sai

Dap an: B
-Cau nhieu lya chon: dua ra mot nhan dinh va mot s6 phuong an tra IM, thi sinh
phai chon de danh dau vao m6t phucrng an dung hoac phuong an tot nhlt.
Vi dp: Hay xdc dinh so hang thic bay trong day ede so 1,3,6,10...
A. 7B.22C.25D. 28
Dap an: D
Cau trie nghiem nhidu lira chpn c6 hai phln, phln dlu duoc goi la cdu din, neu
van de, cung cap thong tin can thiet hoac dat mot cau hoi; phan sau la cac phuong an
de chon, thucmg dupe ddnh dau bang cac chu: cai A, B, C, D,... hoac cac chu so 1, 2,
3,4,...

-Cau thi sinh ty tao dap an: la loai cau hoi co dap an blng s6 dl giam but su le
thuoc cua thi sinh vao cac khung tr^ lai dinh sin. Gia tri tra l^i blng s6 thi sinh co
the to vao phieu tra led co dang thiic xac dinh.
Vi du: Tinh gia tri cita x thda man 2 phuong trinh: |4x - 7| = 5 va |3x - 8| = 1
Dap an: x = 'A.

Nhu vay thi sinh phai to cac 6 bilu diin s6 'A tren philu ha liri.
2.2.3. Trac nghiem chuan muc va trac nghiem tieu chi:
?• Trac nghiem chudn muc:

Trac nghiem chuan muc la trac nghiem duac soan nham cung c^p
mot so each do luang thanh tich ma nguai ta co the giai thich duac can ctr

Giang vien hudng dan: ThS. Nguyln Thai Du

8

Khoa luan tdt tighiep - Xay dung chuong trinh quan ly va trpn de thi trie nghiem

tren vi the tuong ddi ciia mot cd nhan so vdi mot nhdm ngudi nao do da
dupe biet.
Trac nghiem chuan muc dupe dung de xdc dinh thanh tich cua mdt cd
nhan so vdi thanh tich cua cdc ca nhan khdc vdi cung mot dung cu do ludng.
M6t bai trac nghiem chuan muc cho phep ta so sdnh thanh tich cua
mdi thi sinh doi chieu vdi thanh tich ciia mot nhdm dugc dung lam chuln v
mot noi dung giang day nao do. Thong thudng noi dung ay cd tinh each bao
qudt rpng, va nhdm chuan la mot nhdm dai dien cho cdc thi sinh thupc mot
lop tudi hay cap hoc nao do trong pham vi mot don vj dia ly rpng ldn nhu
mot vung, mot tinh hay mpt nude. Cac trie nghiem chudn muc khdc nhau vg
miic dp chung do ludng thanh tich ma thi sinh da dat dupe. The nhung, ede
trac nghigm nay lai chu trpng d6n viec cho ra ket qua ve vi tri cua tung hoc
vien so vdi cac hoc vien khdc trong nhdm chudn. D6 tao nen can ban cho s\r
phan biet hai loai hoc vien, ngudi ta phai lua chpn cac cau trac nghiem lam
sao cho cac hoc vien lam dung mot cau hoi cung cd khuynh hudng dat dupe
di&n cao tren toan bai trie nghi&n, trong khi hoc vien lam sai cau ly cd thi
dat dilm sd thlp hon tren toan bai.
Vdi trac nghiem chuan muc, ngudi ta lap nen mot chudi lien tuc cac
diem sd tir thap den cao, tren do ede thi sinh dupe phan biet miic dp khdc
nhau ve khd nang. Trac nghiem chuan muc cho biet vi the cua mot hoc vien
trong phan bd diem sd, so sanh vdi vi the ciia cac hoc vidn khdc trong nhdm
chudn.

Vi trie nghiem chudn muc dupe soan thdo dd so sanh giua cac cd
nhan vdi nhau nen muc dich ciia trac nghiem chudn muc thudng dupe sii
dung khi hoan cdnh doi hoi phai cd mot miic dp lua chpn nao do giita cac thi

sinh. Vi du nhu'mot trudng dai hoc chi cd mot sd chd gidi han ndo do danh
cho hoc sinh tot nghiep trung hoc, hay mot cdng ty chi can tuyen dung mot
sd ngudi trong sd khd ddng cac ling vien, trong cac trudng hop nay ngudi ta
cdn mpt dung cu do ludng dd so sanh giua ede ling vidn vdi nhau, va dung
cu do ludng ay chinh la trie nghiem chuln muc.
??? Trac nghiem tieu chi:•,

Trie nghiem tieu chi la trie nghiem dupe soan nhlm cung clp mpt sd
each do ludng miic thanh thao ma ngudi ta cd the gidi thich dupe can cii
tren mot Hnh vuc cac nhidm vu hoc tap dd dupe xac dinh va dupe gidi han.
Trie nghiem tieu chi dupe dung de sac dinh thanh tich ciia mpt cd
nhan so vdi tieu chi nao dd, chdng han nhu tieu chuan ma ngudi hoc phdi

Giang vien hudng dan: ThS. Nguyln Thdi Du

9


Khda luan tot nghiep - Xay dung chuong trinh quan ly va trpn de thi trac nghiem

dat tdi sau mot thai gian hoc tap. Y nghia cua mdt diem so ca nhan khong
tuy thupc vao sir so sanh vdi cac ca nh&n khac. Dieu ma ta quan tam la cd
nhan do lam dupe gl han la so sanh vj the cua ngufri ay vdi nhung ngudi
khac.

Mot bai trac nghiem tieu chi cho ta kdt qua so sanh muc do thanh
thao cua m6i ca nhan so vdi toan bp kiSn thutc, hay ky nang ma bai trie
nghiem ay bao trum. Bai trac nghiem dat can ban trSn mot ti^u chi xac dinh
miic thanh thao cua mot ca nhan ve npi dung hoc tap han la thu hang cua ca
nhan iy so vdi nhdrri chuan.

??? So sanh trac nghiem chuan muc va trac nghiem tieu chi:

• Khac biet
Bang S. So sanh trac nghiem chuan muc va trac nghiem tieu chi
Trie nghiem chuan muc

Trie nghiem tieu chi

r

Thudng bao trum mot midn cac
nhiem vu hoc tap rdng ldn, moi
nhiem vu chi cd mot so cau hoi trie

Trip trung vao mot miln xac dinh,

vdi kha nhi^u cau hdi trie nghiem
cho mdi nhiem vu.

nghiem.
Nhan manh su phan biet gida cac
ca nhan dua tren miic trinh d^ hoc
tap cua ho.

Nhin manh su mo ta cac nhiem vu
hoc tap ma mot ca nhan cd the hoac
khdng thl thuc hien.

Quy d6 khd cua cau trie nghidm
Thich hop cac cau hoi cd dp khd

trung binh va thong thudng loai bo
cac cau hoi dl.

vao dp khd cua nhiem vu hoc tp,
va khong thay doi dp khd cua cau
cung khong loai bo cac cau hdi de

Chu yiu (nhung khong bit bupc) Chu yiu (nhung khong bit bupc) su
su dung cho muc dich kilm dinh

dung cho muc dich kiem dinh thanh

khio sat.

thao.

Chi cd thS dien gidi ket qua dua Chi cd the dien giai ket qua dua
tren mot mien nhiSm vp xac dinh.
tren mdt nhdm xac djnh ro rang.

Giang vien hudng din: ThS. Nguyen Thai Du

10


Khda luln t6t nghiep - Xay dung chucmg trinh quan ly va tron di thi trie nghiem

• .Tuong ding:
o Ca hai loai trac nghiem deu doi hoi phdi quy dinh mien npi
dung trie nghiem.

o Beu doi hoi phai co mot mau cac cau h6i co lien quan va co
tinh dai dien.
o Bdu sir dung ciing nhftng loai cau hoi giing nhau.
o Bdu ap dung nhung quy luat giong nhau trong ky thuat viet
cau trie nghiem.
o Bupc danh gia bdi cimg mpt tieu chuin chit lupng.
o Bdu rat can thiet trong danh gia giao dpc.

? KStluan:/
Trie nghiem chuan mire dupe xay dung tren npi dung vh muc tigu
giao due d6i vdi mon hoc hay chuong trinh hoc cua ca nude hoac cua
mot vimg nao do, thudng do cac chuyen gia trac nghiem soan thao, dupe
thil nghiem va phan tich cong phu dl xac dinh e^e tham s6 dac trung ciia
timg cau hoi va chinh siia hoan thien cau hoi. Ngupc lai, trac nghiem
tieu chi xay dung dua vao npi dung, muc tieu va theo mpt chu de cu the
nao do cua chi lop hoc, thucmg dupe giao vien tu soan Mo hoac suu tint
tap hop.
Trong nha trucmg, kieu trac nghiem tieu chi nen dupe diing cho
cac danh gia trong tien trinh, gan lien vdi viec danh gia ngudi day va vdi
qua trinh giang day.
Trong npi dung de tai nay toi xin chpn trie nghiem theo tieu chi,
cac ky thuat cua trac nghiem chuan muc khong dupe de cap trong pham
vi de tai nay.
2.2.4. Xay dung mpt de trac nghiem
Be xay dung de trie nghiem cho mot mon hoc giang vien cin xay dung mpt
danh muc chi ti^t vh cac muc tieu giang day, thd hien d nang luc hay hanh vi cin dat
dupe cua hpc vien qua qua trinh giang day cac npi dung cu thl cua mon hoc.
Trong thuc te cac muc tieu giang day mon hpc khong phai bao gid cung cd sin
du chi tiet d6 cd thl soan thao mpt d6 trie nghiSm- Khi do cin xay dung lai chi tidt
danh muc e^e muc tieu. Trudc hit cin liet ke cac mpc tieu cu thi lien quan din cac

nang luc muin do dii vdi tdng phin cua mon hoc, sau do tuy thupc muc dp quan trpng
cua timg muc tieu ling vdi ttrng phin ciia mon hpc ma quyit dinh la cin bao nhieu cau
hdi trie nghiem.
_

Gi^ng vien hudng din: ThS. Nguyln Thai Du


Khoa Iuan tot nghiep - Xay dung chuong trinh quan ly va trpn de thi trie nghiem

Mot cong cu dS thilt kl cdu true cua mot de trie nghiem la bang ede mpc tieu
gidng day, hoac con gpi la ede ma tr^n Men thuc. Trong bang chia ra ede hang ting vbi
ede phdn cua mon hoc, va ede cot ling vdi ede miic tri nang lien quan den muc tieu cu
the. Tai moi 6 cua bang ngtroi ta ghi so cau hoi can xay dung cho de trac nghiem. Tity
theo tdm quan trpng ciia tirng phdn npi dung va tung muc tri ndng ma ede giang vien
ban nhau qui dinh s6 cau hoi trie nghiem phai soan thao.

Bang 6. Ma trail kien thuc mon toan cao cap
^^^-^^^ Muc trf nang hoac

Hieu diing
khai niem

Tinh

Lap

T6ng

toan

Iuan

cong

Giai han

5

3

2

10

Viphan

3

8

3

14

Tich phdn

5

8

3

16

Ham nhieu bien

6

5

8

19

Phuong trinh vi phdn

6

8

10

24

Phuong trinh dao ham rieng

5

6

6

17

30

38

32

100

^^^-^Jo^i tri nang
Phan

^^^^^^^

T6ng cong

Hinh 1. Moi quan hf giua Ngan hang cau hdi - Ma tran kiln thuc - ©I Idem tra

Giang vien huong dan: ThS. Nguyln Thai Du

12


Khoa Man tot nghiep - Xay dung chirong trinh quan ly va trqn de thi trie nghiem

CHl/ONG 3. PHAN TICH

3.1. Cac dang cau hoi triic nghiem trong van de ky thuat:
3.1.1.Dang thuan van ban
Boi vdd loai cau hoi nay thi cau hoi chi la van ban binh thucmg khong
kem theo mot dinh dang hay hinh anh nao khac, va day cung la dang cau hoi
thong dung Men nay.
Vi du: Thdi gian thvrc dan Phdp tien hdnh khai thdc thuqc d\a Ian thie nhdt a
Viet Nam khi ndo?
A.1858-1884
B.1884-1896
C.1896-1913
D.1914-1918
Dap an: C
3.1.2.Dang van ban co dinh dang
Dang cau hoi nay se la van bdn kem theo mot hay nMeu dinh dang tren doan
van bin do nhu la gach chan, in dam, in nghieng...

Vi du: Phuffng phdp tirng budc tit mot chit ky phdt trien pltan mem. Phuang
phdp nay di chuyen tit mot eiai doan sang ziai doan ke tiev duqc gqi la:
A.Thiet ke dang may mdc

B.Thiitkinhanh
C.Thiit ke co ky thuat
D.Lap trinh lap
E.Thiet ke hudng cau true
Dap an: E
3.13. Cau hoi co hinh anh va van ban khong dinh dang
Day la dang cau h6i chiia hinh anh nhung khong chiia dinh dang, hinh anh se
duoc kem theo cau hoi de ngubi tra led nhan dang hay sur dung thong tin tir hinh anh de
tra loi.

13
Giang vien hudng dan: ThS. Nguyen Thdi Du


Khoa luan t6t nghi^p - Xay dung chuong trinh qudn ly va tron de thi trie nghiem

Vf du: Diea vdo buc anh ben dual, hay cho biet buc dnh chup Bdc Ho veto ndm
nao, tai ddu?

A.1920 - Dai hoi Idn thie 18 cua Dang Xa hoi Phdp.
B.1922 - Tai toa soan bdo Le Paria (Ngudi ciing khd).
C.1923 - Hoi nghi Idn nhdt QuSc ti Hong dan tai Moskva.
D.1924-QudngChdu,TrungQu6c.
Dap an: A
3.1.4. Cau hoi dang ket hop giGa hinh anh va van ban dinh dang
Dang cdu hoi nay Ik sy t6ng hop giua ede dang tren, cau h6i se chiia cd hinh anh
va van ban dinh dang. Day la mot dang cau hoi phtic tap trong ky thuat khi xay
dung chuong trinh.
Vi du: Hay cho biit day la giao dien cua itng dung nao trong windows 7 ?

A.Snipping Tool
B.Gadget
C.Sticky Notes

D.Magnifier
Dap an: B

14
Giang vien hudmg dan: ThS. Nguyen Thdi Du

Khoa luan t6t nghiep - Xay dung chucrng trinh quan ly va tron de thi trac nghiem

3.2. Cac van de lira tru
3.2.1. Cauhoildng
Trong thirc te, mot cau hoi co the bao gom nhieu cau hoi con va den luot cau
hoi con, no lai chiia cau hoi con khac. Cap cuoi cimg cua cau hoi la cau tra 16i.
Vi du: Analyze the sentence: "She is a student".

1.Subject is:
a.She
b.Is

c.Student
2.Main verb is:
a.Is

b.A
c.She

3.Object is:
a.She
b.Is
c.A Student
Phan dp cua cau hoi tren nhu sau:
Analyze the sentence: "She is a student"

Cau hoi mire,2Subject isMain verb is:Object is:
AA\._A.~------

/\\
CautraloiShe

Is

Student

/J\
Is

A

She

/t\A
She

Is

„

,

Student

Hinh 2. Cau hoi da lira chqn
•A Hu-ong giai quyet: Su dung mot bdng nhom dS gom nhom cac mire cau
h6i va luu tru vad co s^ du; lieu. Tir bang cau hoi se tham chieu dSn b^ng
nhom de lay thong tin ve npi dung cau hoi nhom cho cau hoi do.

15
Giang vien hudng dan: ThS. Nguyen Thdi Du


Khoa luan tot nghiep - Xay dung chuong trinh quan ly va trpn de thi trac nghiem

3.2.2.Xoa mot cau hoi khi da ra d thi
Xet truong hop mot cau hoi da dupe sir dung trong de thi. Nhung sau do,
giao vien phat hien cau hoi sai cin hieu chinh (neu sai nghiem trpng co the bi
xoa).

Nhung thuc te, khi mot cau hoi bi sura hay bi xoa thi npi dung de thi chura
cau hoi do van khong thay d6i. Do do, viec thao tac true tiep len cau hoi la dieu
khong thg.

•/ Huong giai quyet: Them truong "Da huy" vao bang cau hoi. Vai phuang
ph^p nay chung ta co the tiet kiem khong gian luu tru va giai quyet dupe
viec loai bo nhung c^u h6i sai cho nhttng Ian ra de ke tiep.
3.2.3.Luu npi dung cau hoi co dinh dang
Thong thuong, cau hoi se co kem theo n6i dung dinh dang (g6m hinh anh,
bang,...). Vin de dat ra la h6 trp loai cau hoi nay th6 nao va phai luu trit loai dinh dang
nay len ca scr dir lieu ra sao.

Vi du: Viet cong thuc tinh Thanh tien cua khdeh hang thir nhdt (tai 6 ddu ?).
Biet:

A

B

C

D

E

F

1

TT

LP

TENKHACH

ngAy den

NGAYDI

thAnhtien

2

1

A

Nguyln Ngpc Ngan

25/09/2010 09/10/2010

3

2

B

Truong Quoc Vinh

12/09/2010

15/10/2010

4

3

A

Tr^n Ngpc Y

08/10/2010

19/10/2010

9

Bdngphu

A

-

Loai
phong

Dcmgi^

Dongia

tu^n

ngay

A

700,000 d

110,000 d

B

450,000 d 60,000 d

Thanh tien duac lay tic bdngphu dua veto loai phong duac tinh nhu sau:
Thanh tien = Dan gid tudn * So tudn + Dan gid ngay * So ngdy le

Giang vien huong din: ThS. Nguyln Thai Du

16


Khoa luan tdt nghiep - Xay dung chuong trinh quan ly va trdn dd thi trie nghiem

A.= VLOOKUP(B2,$A$7:$C$9,2,0)*lNT(E3-D3/7) +
VLOOKUP(B2,$AS7:SC$9,3,0) *MOD(E3-D7,7)
B.= VLOOKUP(B2,$A$7:$C$9,2,0)*lNT((E3-D3)/7) +
VLOOKUP(B2,$A$7:$C$9,3,0)*MOD(E3-D7,7)
C.= VLOOKUP(B2,$A$7:$C$9,3,0)*INT(E3-D3/7) +
VLOOKUP(B2,$A$7:$C$9,2,0) *MOD(E3-D7,7)
D.Tdtcddiusai.
Dap an: B
•A Huong giai quyet: Sir dung Richtextbox de ho tro ngucri dung soan cau h6i
co dinh dang (hinh anh, bang,...), Richtextbox la mot di6u khiln h trq
chen cac dinh dang va chuy&i thanh chudi RTF (Rich text Format). Nhung
do chuSi RTF co do kich thudc l^n nen viec lira chon kilu dQ lieu co kich
thuac cang Ion cang co loi.

3.2.4. Xay dung de thi theo tieu chi
Viec bien so^n de thi khac phiic tap. Ngubi dung chi yeu ciu s6 luQmg
cau hoi cua de hoac so luong cau h6i cho tung chu dd.
Vi dp: Be thi mon "Cong nghephdn mem " co 20 cau, trong do:
•4 cau thuoc chit de "Mo hinh 3 lap ".
• 4 cau thuoc chu de "Thiit ki giao dien ".
4 cau thuoc chit di "Thiit ki du lieu ".
•4 cau thuoc chu di "Lich suphan mim ".
•A Hu^ng giai quylt: Sur dung mot danh sach de luu Iai cac tieu chi lira chpn.
Uhg vdi ttrng chu de trong danh sach mon hoc cua de thi, phan b6 ddu s5
cau h6i cho ttaig chu dd va cho ngubi dung phan b6 Iai cau hoi truoc khi

kdtxuit.

TRU^NG DAI HQC
AN GIANG

th^vien

Gi^ng vien hudng din: ThS. Nguyin Thdi Du

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