Gián án Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh Toàn Tập

BÀI MỞ ĐẦU ĐỘNG TỪ
VERB
Động từ được dùng để làm hành động cho chủ từ. Để phân biệt các loại động từ (kinds of
verbs), chúng ta hãy quan sát sơ đồ dưới đây:
Auxiliary verb : (do, have, be)
Special verb :
Modal verb : (must, can, may, might, could, should …)
Verb :
Regular verb : (open, close, clean, remember…)
Ordinary verb :
Irregular verb : (run, write, speak, drive…)
Động từ tiếng Anh có hai loại: động từ đặc biệt (special verb) và động từ thường (ordinary
verb).
(1) Động từ đặc biệt gồm có:
* Động từ trợ (auxiliary verb) : be (dùng để chia các thì tiếp diễn, thể thụ động), have (dùng để
chia các thì hoàn thành), do (dùng để chia các thể phủ đònh và nghi vấn).
- He is working hard this month. (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
- The house was built five years ago. (thể thụ động)
- He has learned English for two years. (thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
- Do you like tea ? (thể nghi vấn)
- She does not like coffee. (thể phủ đònh)
* Động từ khiếm khuyết (modal verb) : cần phải có động theo sau.
- We must study hard.
- He can play the piano.
Đặc điểm chung của các động từ đặc biệt là khi đổi sang thể phủ đònh ta chỉ cần thêm NOT vào
sau các động từ đó và khi đổi sang thể nghi vấn ta đưa các động từ đó ra đầu câu.
- He is not working hard this month.
- Is he working hard this month ?
- He has not found his book.
- Have you seen her yet ?
- She cannot swim.

- Should we go there ?
(2) Động từ thường gồm có :
* Động từ có qui tắc (regular verb) : là động từ khi thành lập thì quá khứ đơn (simple past) hay
quá khứ phân từ (past paticiple) ta chỉ cần thêm –ED vào sau động từ đó.
- I opened the door this morning. (simple past )
- I have opened the door. (past participle)
* Động từ bất qui tắc (irregular verb) : là động từ có hình thức quá khứ (xem cột 2 của bảng
động từ bất qui tắc) và quá khứ phân từ (xem cột 3) riêng.
to go went gone
to write wrote written
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to run ran run
to hit hit hit
- He went to the cinema last night. (simple past )
- He has gone out. (past participle)
Động từ thường có chung đặc điểm là khi đổi sang thể phủ đònh và nghi vấn ta phải dùng động từ
trợ “to do”. Ta thêm NOT vào sau các động từ trợ ở thể phủ đònh và đưa động từ trợ ra đầu câu nếu ở
thể nghi vấn.
- He did not go to the pub last night.
- Did he go to the cinema last night ?
- I do not like tea.
- Do you enjoy classical music ?
- She does not know the answer.
- Does he understand the lesson ?
* Động từ “to do” vừa là động từ thường vừa là động từ trợ.
- He does his homework. (động từ thường)
- He does not understand the lesson. (động từ trợ)
Bài 1: CÁCH DÙNG CÁC THÌ
(THE USE OF TENSES)

Thì biểu thò thời gian và trạng thái của hành động được diễn đạt bằng động từ. Có 12 thì ở dạng
chủ động của động từ tiếng Anh. Để hiểu được hình thái của các thì, ta có thể nghiên cứu cách chia
động từ TO WORK trong bảng dưới đây :
Tenses
Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect
continuous
Present
- I (You / We /
They) work
He (She/It)
works
- I am working
- He (She / It) is
working
- You (We / They)
are working
- I (You / We / They)
have worked
- He (She / It) has
worked
- I (You / We /
They) have been
working
- He ( She / It) has
been working
Past - I (You / He / She
/ It / We / They)
worked
- I (He / She / It) was
working

- You (We / They)
were working
- I (You / He / She / It /
We / They) had worked
- I (You / He / She /
It / We / They) had
been working
Future - I (We) shall
work
- You (He / She /
it / They) will
work
- I (We) shall be
working
- You (He / She / It /
They) will be
working
- I (We) shall have
worked
- You (He / She / it /
They) will have worked
- I (We) shall have
been working
- You (He / She / It /
They) will have
been working
* 1. SO SÁNH THÌ SIMPLE PRESENT
VÀ THÌ PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Tiếng Anh có hai thì hiện tại mà đa số các em học sinh hay lẫn lộn cách sử dụng. Đó là thì hiện tại
đơn (Simple Present) và thì hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present Continuous).

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* Thì Simple Present được dùng để chỉ một hành động diễn ra trong thời gian nói chung, không
nhất thiết phải là thời gian ở hiện tại. Thời gian nói chung là thời gian mà sự việc diễn ra mỗi ngày
(every day), mỗi tuần (every week), mỗi tháng (every month), mỗi năm (every year), mỗi mùa (every
spring / summer / autumn / winter)…
- He goes to school every day.
- Mrs Brown travels every summer.
* Thì Present Continuous được dùng để chỉ một hành động đang xảy ra (a current activity) hay
một sự việc chúng ta đang làm bây giờ (now/ at present/ at this moment), hôm nay (today), tuần này
(this week), năm nay (this year)…
- We are learning English now.
- Mary is playing the piano at the moment.
Hãy so sánh : - I work in a bakery every day.
- I’m working in a bakery this week.
* CHÚ Ý :
(1) + Thì Simple Present thường được dùng với các động từ chỉ tri giác (verbs of perception) như :
feel, see, hear… và các động từ chỉ trạng thái như : know, understand, mean, like, prefer, love,
hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believe…
+ Ngoài ra chúng ta còn dùng thì Simple Present với động từ : be, appear, belong, have to…
+ Thì Simple Present còn được dùng với các trạng từ chỉ tần suất lập đi lập lại (adverbs of
frequency) như : always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, generally, rarely, never…
- That child needs care.
- This book belongs to me.
- He never comes late.
+ Chúng ta cũng dùng thì Simple Present để chỉ một chân lý hay một sự thật hiển nhiên (a
general truth).
- The sun rises in the east.
- Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom.
(2) Thì Present Continuous còn được dùng để chỉ hành động ở một tương lai gần (a near future

action) và thường đi với các trạng từ chỉ tương lai như : tomorrow, next week, next month, next
year, next summer…
Exercise I : Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or the present continuous tense.
1/ I (have) __________ coffee for breakfast every day.
2/ My brother (work) __________ in a shoe store this summer.
3/ The student (look) ___________ up that new word now.
4/ She (go) __________ to school every day.
5/ We (do) __________ this exercise at the moment.
6/ Miss Helen (read) ___________ a newspaper now.
7/ It (rain) __________ very much in the summer. It (rain) _________ now.
8/ Bad students never (work) __________ hard.
9/ He generally (sing) __________ in English, but today he (sing) __________ in Spanish.
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10/ We seldom (eat) __________ before 6.30.
11/ She sometimes (buy) ___________ vegetables at his market.
12/ Be quiet. The baby (sleep) ____________.
13/ We always (do) ___________ our exercises carefully.
14/ Look. A man (run) ___________ after the train. He (want) ___________ to catch it.
15/ It (be) __________ very cold now.
16/ John (travel) __________ to England tomorrow.
17/ I (need) ____________ some money for my textbooks.
18/ Tom (like) __________ to go to the museums.
19/ Mary (love) __________ ice-cream.
20/ My mother (cook) ___________ some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook)
__________ in the mornings.
21/ I often (leave) __________ the city at weekends.
22/ The guests (watch) __________ the TV programmes now.
23/ I (see) ___________ you (wear) ___________ your best clothes.
24/ The sun (set)___________ in the west.

25/ My friend (study) __________ English for an hour every night.
26/ Listen. I (hear)___________ someone knocking at the front door.
27/ I (do) __________ an exercise on the present tense at the moment and I (think) __________
that I (know) __________ how to use it now.
28/ Honesty (be) __________ the best policy.
29/ The earth (goes) __________ round the sun.
30/ Two and two (make) __________ four.
* 2 SO SÁNH THÌ PRESENT PERFECT
VÀ THÌ SIMPLE PAST
* Thì Present perfect (Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành) được dùng để chỉ một quá khứ không rõ thời điểm
còn liên lạc với hiện tại.
* Thì Simple Past (Quá Khứ Đơn) được dùng để chỉ một quá khứ có thời điểm rõ rệt cắt đứt với
hiện tại.
+ CHÚ Ý :
(1) Thì Present Perfect thường đi với những từ như : up to now, up to the present, so far (cho
tới nay), not … yet (vẫn chưa), for, since, ever (đã từng), never, several times (nhiều lần), just (vừa),
recently (vừa mới), lately (mới đây) ...
- Have you ever seen a tiger ?
- The train has not arrived yet.
- We have lived here for 6 years.
- The bell has just rung.
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(2) * Thì Simple Past thường đi với những tiếng chỉ thời gian quá khứ xác đònh như : yesterday,
the day before yesterday, last week, last month, last year, last summer, ago.
- We came here a month ago.
- He went to the cinema yesterday.
* Thì Simple Past còn được dùng để chỉ một chuỗi các hành động kế tiếp xảy ra trong quá
khứ.
- He closed all the windows, locked the doors and then went out.

Exercise II : Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.
1/ We (never watch) __________ that TV programme.
2/ We (wacth) __________ a good programme on TV last night.
3/ He (read) __________ that novel many times before.
4/ He (read) __________ that novel again during my last vacation.
5/ I (have) __________ a little trouble with my car last week.
6/ However, I (have) __________ no trouble with my car since then.
7/ I (not see) __________ John for a long time. I (see) __________ him 3 weeks ago.
8/ The school bell (ring) __________. We must go now.
9/ I (meet) __________ Mary last night. She (become) __________ a very big girl.
10/ He is very thirsty. He (not drink) __________ since this morning.
11/ It is very hot. Summer (come) __________.
12/ They (study) __________ at this school for 7 years now.
13/ They (begin) __________ to study at this school 7 years ago.
14/ Since when (you know) ___________ her ?
15/ How long ago (he start) __________ to learn French ?
16/ She (lose) __________ her handbag on the train yesterday morning.
17/ My mother (be) ________ in hospital for a long time and she cannot go home yet.
18/ His dog (just run) __________ out of the garden.
19/ Mr Brown (travel) __________ by air several times in the past.
20/ He (travel) ___________ to Mexico by air last summer.
* 3. SO SÁNH THÌ PRESENT PERFECT VÀ
THÌ PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Present perfect (Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành) được dùng để chỉ kết quả của một tình trạng ở hiện
tại (the result of the present state), một việc xảy ra trong quá khứ không rõ thời điểm, lập đi lập lại
nhiều lần và kéo dài đến hiện tại.
+ Thì Present Perfect Continuous (Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn) được dùng để chỉ sự tiếp
diễn của một hành động (the continuity of an action) cho tới hiện tại.
- I have been waiting for two hours, but she has not come yet.
- He has been living here since 1975.

- We have been working in the garden all morning.
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+ Thì Present Perfect Continuous còn được dùng với các động từ như : lie, wait, sit, stand, study,
learn, live, rest, stay…
- They have been learning English since 1995.
- The chair has been lying in the store window for ages.
Exercise III : Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfect continuous tense.
1/ I (try) __________ to learn French for years, but I (not succeed) __________ yet.
2/ She (read) _________ all the works of Dickens.How many (you read) _________ ?
3/ I (wait) __________ here nearly half an hour for my girlfriend; do you think she (forget)
_______ to come ?
4/ Mary (rest) __________ in the garden all day because she (be) __________ ill.
5/ Although John (study) _______ at the University for 5 years, he (not get) ________ his degree
yet.
6/ Jack (go) __________ to Switzerland for a holiday. He (never, be) __________ there.
7/ We (live) __________ here for the last six months, and (just, decide) __________ to move.
8/ That book ( lie) __________ on the table for weeks. You (not read) _________ it yet ?
9/ He (not be) ___________ here since Christmas; I wonder where he (live) __________ since
then.
10/ He (lose) ___________ his books. He (look) ____________ for them all afternoon, but they
(not turn up) ___________ yet.
11/ She (work) ___________ so hard this week that she (not have) ___________ time to go to
the cinema.
12/ Your hair is wet. (You swim) __________ for a long time ?
13/ Bill is still a bad driver although he (drive)__________ cars for six years.
14/ You look very tired. (You work) __________very hard ?
15/ The phone (ring) __________ for 2 minutes, but I (not answer) __________ it yet.
Exercise IV : Put the verbs in brackets in the present tenses.
1/ I (be) __________ sorry. I (forget) __________ that fellow’s name already.

2/ Jack (look) __________ forward to his vacation next June.
3/ I (have) __________ no trouble with my english lessons up to now.
4/ Mr and Mrs Brown (be) ___________ in New York for 2 months.
5/ Michael (work) __________ 38 hours a week.
6/ At present, that author (write) ___________ a novel.
7/ George (do) __________ good work in this class so far.
8/ The weather( generally, get) __________ hot in July .
9/ You must wake her up. She (sleep) __________soundly for 10 hours.
10/ Listen! I (think) __________ someone (knock) __________ at the front door.
11/ How long (you learn) __________ English?
12/ That student (know) __________ all the new words very well now.
13/ Alice (lose) __________ her Vienamese-English dictionary.
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14/ Fred (just, graduate) __________ from Oxford University.
15/ The earth (circle) __________ the sun once every 365 days.
16/ That grandfather clock (stand) __________ there for as long as I can remember.
17/ That brown briefcase (belong) __________ to Dr.Rice.
18/ Jim (work) __________ on his report this year.
19/ Robert (wait) __________ for you since noon.
20/ That museum (stand) ___________ here for ceturies.
21/ The sun (get) __________ very hot during the afternoon.
22/ Tom (buy) ___________ a new car next week.
23/ The boys and girls (go) ___________ home after this lesson.
24/ Davis (play) __________ football every afternoon.
25/ Up to the present, we (write) __________ almost every lesson in this book.
* 4. SO SÁNH THÌ SIMPLE PAST
VÀ THÌ PAST CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Simple Past (Quá Khứ Đơn) được dùng để chỉ một hành động ngắn (thình lình) xảy ra trong
quá khứ.

- I met him in the street yesterday.
+ Thì Past Continuous (Quá Khứ Tiếp Diễn) được dùng để chỉ một hành động kéo dài trong quá
khứ tương ứng với một hành động khác cũng trong quá khứ.
- I met him while he was crossing the street.
- She was going home when she saw an accident.
+ Thì Past Continuous còn diễn tả một hành động kéo dài tại điểm thời gian xác đònh ở quá khứ
hoặc hai hành động liên tiếp song song với nhau.
- My father was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night.
- I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV.
Exercise V : Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense.
1/ He (sit) __________ in a bar when I (see) __________ him.
2/ When I (go) __________ out, the sun (shine) __________.
3/ The light (go) __________ out while I (have) __________ tea.
4/ When it (rain) __________ , she(carry) __________ an umbrella.
5/ We (walk) __________ to the station when it (begin) __________ to rain.
6/ He (teach) __________ English for 2 months when he (live) in Germany and (work) ______
as a journalist.
7/ The house (burn) __________ fast, so we (break) __________ the window to get out.
8/ He (eat) __________ three sandwiches while you (talk) __________ to him.
9/ The servant (drop) __________ two cups while she (wash up) __________ last night; neither
of them (break) __________.
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10/ While I (write) __________ a letter, the telephone (ring) ________; as he (go) ________ to
answer it, he (hear) __________ a knock on the door; the telephone (still, ring) __________ while he
(walk) __________ to the door, but just as he (open) __________ it, it (stop) __________.
* 5. SO SÁNH THÌ SIMPLE PAST
VÀ THÌ PAST PERFECT
+ Thì Past Perfect (Quá Khứ Hoàn Thành) dùng để chỉ một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động
khác cũng trong quá khứ (past action).

- When he had finished his work, he went home.
- By the time I arrived at the station, the train had gone.
+ Thì Past Perfect còn diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một điểm thời gian xác đònh ở quá khứ.
- By 10 o’clock last night, I had gone to bed.
Exercise VI : Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tense.
1/ They (go) __________ home after they (finish) __________ their work.
2/ He (do) _________ nothing before he (see) ___________ me.
3/ He (thank) __________ me for what I (do) __________ for him.
4/ I (be) __________ sorry that I (hurt) __________ him.
5/ After they (go) __________ , I (sit) __________ down and (rest) __________.
6/ When I (arrive), the dinner (already, begin) ______________.
7/ My friend (not see) __________ me for many years when I (meet) __________ last week.
8/ He (learn) __________ English before he (leave) __________ for England.
9/ In England, he soon (remember) __________ all he (learn) __________.
10/ They (tell) __________ him they (not meet) __________ him before.
11/ He (ask) __________ why we (come) __________ so early.
12/ She (say) __________ that she (already, see) ___________ Dr. Rice.
13/ By the time Bill (get) __________ there, the meeting (start) __________.
14/ When we (arrive) __________ at our place, we (find) __________ that a burglar (break)
____________ in.
15/ Almost everybody (leave) _________ for home by the time we (arrive) ________.
* 6. SO SÁNH THÌ PAST PERFECT VÀ THÌ
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Past Perfect Continuous (Quá Khứ Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn) dùng để nhấn mạnh tính liên tục
của hành động trước khi một hành động quá khứ khác xảy ra. Hãy so sánh :
- She had been studying English before she came here for classes.
(Hành động had been studying xảy ra liên tục cho tới khi hành động came for classes xảy ra).
- She had studied English before she came for classes.
(Hành động had studied chấm dứt trước hành động came for classes)
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Và hãy so sánh :
- It had been raining when I got up this morning. (Mưa đã dứt khi tôi thức dậy.)
- It was raining when I got up this morning. (Mưa vẫn còn khi tôi thức dậy.)
Exercise VII : Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect continuous tense.
1/ I (ask) _________ him what he (do) __________.
2/ Tom (be) _________ tired. He (run) __________ for an hour.
3/ Although he (go) ________ to the doctor for 6 months, he (not, feel) ________ any better.
4/ The telephone (ring) __________ for 5 minutes before it (be) __________ answered.
5/ They (tell) __________ me you (live) __________ in London before the war.
6/ The poor man (wait) ________ for 6 hours before he (be) _______ brought into the room.
7/ By noon that day, we (drive) __________ for 5 hours.
8/ The robber who (watch) __________ him running to the tree (sit) __________ down under its
branches and (begin) __________ to attack him.
9/ I (ask) _________ her what she (do) _______ since she (arrive) ________ in England.
10/ She (tell) __________ me that she (study) __________ English literature.
* 7. SO SÁNH THÌ SIMPLE FUTURE
VÀ THÌ FUTURE CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Simple Future (Tương Lai Đơn) diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra (có hoặc không có thời gian
xác đònh ở tương lai); còn thì Future Continuous (Tương Lai Tiếp Diễn) diễn tả một hành động liên
tiến tại điểm thời gian xác đònh ở tương lai.
- He will go to the stadium next Sunday.
- We will / shall have the final test.
Hãy so sánh :
- I will eat breakfast at 6 o’clock tomorrow. (Vào lúc 6 giờ sáng mai, tôi sẽ bắt đầu dùng
bữa điểm tâm.)
- I will be eating breakfast at 6 o’clock tomorrow. (Vào lúc 6 giờ sáng mai, tôi sẽ đang
dùng bữa điểm tâm.)
+ Trong các mệnh đề trạng từ chỉ thời gian (adverb clause of time) hay mệnh đề điều kiện (adverb
clause of condition), thì Simple Present được dùng để thay thế cho thì Simple Future.

- I shall not go until I see him.
- If he comes tomorrow, he will do it.
+ Chú ý : WILL còn được dùng cho tất cả các ngôi.
Exercise VIII : Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future tense.
1/ We (go) __________ out when the rain (stop) __________.
2/ I (stay) _________ here until he (answer) __________ me.
3/ Wait until I (catch) __________ you.
4/ I (be) _________ ready before you (count) _________ ten.
5/ John must eat his breakfast before he (go) __________ out.
6/ Miss Helen (help) ___________ you as soon as she (finish) _________ that letter.
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7/ He (tell) _________ you when you (get) __________ there.
8/ She (not come) __________ until you (be) _________ ready.
9/ He (tell) __________ you when you (ask) __________ him.
10/ I (come) ________ and (see) _________ you before I (leave) ________ for England.
* 8. SO SÁNH THÌ FUTURE PERFECT VÀ THÌ
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Future Perfect (Tương Lai Hoàn Thành) được dùng để chỉ một hành động sẽ hoàn thành
trước một hành động khác trong tương lai hay một điểm thời gian ở tương lai.
- The taxi will have arrived by the time you finish dressing.
- By next Christmas, he will have lived in Dalat for 5 years.
+ Để nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động, chúng ta dùng thì Future Perfect Continuous (Tương
Lai Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn).
- By the time you receive this letter, we shall have been travelling through Russia.
- By next June, they will have been working in this factory for 12 years.
Exercise IX : Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, present perfect or future
perfect tense.
1/ I’ll wait until he (write) __________ his next novel.
2/ When you (come) _________ back, he (already buy) __________ a new house.

3/ Don’t come until I (finish) _________ lunch.
4/ I (hope) _________ it (stop) __________ raining by 5 o’clock this afternoon.
5/ The river (not begin)_________ to rise until some rain (fall)__________.
6/ I (stay) __________ here until you (finish) _________ your work.
7/ By next month, I (leave) _________ for India.
8/ He (finish) _________ his work before you (leave) __________.
9/ Before you (go) __________, they (leave) __________ the country.
10/ The meeting (finish) _________ by the time we (get) _________ there.
Exercise X : Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, future continuous or future
perfect tense.
1/ We (send) __________ you a telegram as soon as we (arrive) _________ in London.
2/ When George (come) __________ this afternoon, he (bring) __________ his friends.
3/ I (speak) _________ to you about that matter after the meeting tonight.
4/ By the time you (receive) ________ this letter, we (cross) ________ the Atlantic Ocean.
5/ By this time next week, you (meet) __________ my boyfriend, Ali.
6/ I (wait) _________ for you right here when you (come) _________ out of the building.
7/ She (wait) __________ for you at 5 o’clock this afternoon.
8/ I (give) __________ it back as soon as he (want) __________ it.
9/ I (not move) __________ from here until you (get) __________ back.
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10/ They (not come) __________ home until they (see) __________ everything.
Exercise XI : Supply the correct tense.
1/ They (just decide) __________ that they (undertake) ___________ the job.
2/ We (go) ___________ to the theatre last night.
3/ He usually (write) __________ in green ink.
4/ She (play) __________ the piano when our guests (arrive) __________ last night.
5/ We (do) __________ an English exercise at the moment.
6/ She (just come) __________ in and (see) __________ you in 5 minutes.
7/ I (come) __________ as soon as my work is finished. (You be) __________ ready ?

8/ Where (you go) __________ for your holiday last year ?
9/ I (not leave) _________ Paris since we (go) _________ to Dieppe three years ago.
10/ My mother (come) __________ to stay with us next weekend.
11/ We (meet) __________ only yesterday and (already decide) __________ to get married.
12/ I (never see) __________ snow.
13/ Violets (bloom) __________ in spring.
14/ We (not live) ___________ in England for the last two months.
15/ I (lose) _________ my keys; I cannot remember where I last (see) _________ them.
16/ He (not arrive) __________ when I (write) __________ my last letter to you.
17/ Whenever you (go) _________ to town nowadays, you (spend) _________ a lot of money.
18/ I (never forget) __________ what you (just tell) __________ me.
19/ They (prepare) __________ the Christmas dinner today.
20/ When I last (stay) ___________ in Cairo, I (ride) __________ to the Pyramids on a camel
that my friend (borrow) ____________ the day before.
21/ I (finish) ___________ the book before my next birthday.
22/ “Hello! (You make) __________ a cake ?
23/ He (walk) __________ very quickly when I (meet) __________ him yesterday.
24/ We (meet) __________ you tomorrow after you (finish) __________ your work.
25/ Yesterday I (buy) __________ a new watch as my old one (be) __________ stolen.
Exercise XII : Supply the correct tense.
1/ He said he (be) __________ sorry he (give) __________ me so much trouble.
2/ I am sorry that I (not know) _________ you (leave) __________ your pipe when you (come)
__________ to see me last Thursday.
3/ He (be) __________ so good to me when I was a boy that to this day I (not forget)
__________ his kindness, and I hope that I (never forget) __________.
4/ He (sleep) __________ and (not understand) ___________ what you (say) __________ to him.
He (wake) __________ if you (speak) __________ louder.
5/ Some animals (not eat) _________during the winter and only (come) _______ out in spring.
6/ After leaving school he (study) __________ French in Paris for two years and then (move)
__________ to America, where he now (live) _________. He (visit) __________ England once or twice

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and (know) __________ English well; but (not have) __________ yet the opportunity of visiting
European countries.
7/ I (know) __________ him for a very long time.
8/ When my friend Tom grows a beard, even his closest friends (not recognize) ________ him.
9/ When I (meet) __________ him in the street, he (go) __________ to the pictures.
10/ I (study) _________ English for six years now.
11/ I expect he (leave) __________ for France as soon as he (get) __________ a visa.
12/ He (visit) ______ his friend yesterday and (find) _______ that he (be) ________ out.
13/ They (sell) _________ all the dresses before we (get) __________ there.
14/ After she (work) __________ at the hospital for two years, she (decide) __________ to give
up the job.
15/ He will come at once because I (tell) __________ him by phone that you (need) __________
him urgently. I’m sure he (find) __________ his way easily although he (never visit) __________ this
house before.
16/ By the time you get back, I (finish) __________ all my correspondence and then I (can help)
______________ you with yours.
17/ In a few minutes’ time, when the clock (strike) __________ six, I (wait) __________ here for
an hour.
18/ He (know) ________ her a long time before he finally (get) _______ married to her.
19/ I hope it (not rain) __________ when the bride (leave) __________ the church.
20/ I (tell) a lie if I said that I (like) __________ you.
21/ They (intend) __________ to go there next week; but now they (find) __________ they (not
have) __________ enough money.
22/ When he grew old he often (think) __________ of all the things he (do) ___________ when
he (be) __________ young.
23/ When we (go) __________ to see them last night, they (play) __________ cards; they (say)
__________ they (play) __________ since six o’clock.
24/ This is the second time you (break) __________ a cup; you (break) __________ one

yesterday. My last servant (never break)____________ anything, and you (break) ___________ nearly
half the things in the house.
25/ I always (tell) ___________ you to comb your hair, but you never (do) ___________ what I
(say) ___________ .
EXERCISE XIII : Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.
1/ Mrs Reed (turn) _________ on the radio in her car while she (drive) _________ home yesterday.
She (listen) ___________ to some music when she suddenly (hear) ___________ a siren. She (look)
____________ in her mirror and (see) _________ an ambulance behind her. She immediately (pull)
________ her car to the side of the road and (wait) _________ for the ambulance (pass) _________.
2/ My mother (call) ___________ me around 5 o’clock. My husband (come) _________ home a little
after that. When he (come) __________ home, I (talk) ___________ to my mother on the phone.
3/ Next month I (have) _________ a week’s vacation. I (plan) _________ to take a trip. First I (go)
_________ to Madison, Wisconsin to visit my brother. After I (leave) ________ Madion, I (go)
_________ Chicago to see a friend who (study) _________ at a university there. She (live) _________
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in Chicago for three years, so she (know) _________ her way around the city. She (promise) _________
to take me to many interesting places. I (never, be) _________ in Chicago, so I (look) _________
forward to going there.
4/ Yesterday John (eat) _____________ breakfast at 8:00. He (already, eat) _________ breakfast
when he (leave) ____________ for class at 8:45. He (always, eat) _________ breakfast before he (go)
_____________ to class. I (usually, not eat) _________ breakfast before I (go) _________ to class. But I
(usually, get) _________ hungry about midmorning. Tomorrow before I (go) _____________ to class, I
(eat) _________ breakfast.
5/ Last year, I (go) __________ mountain climbing for the first time. It was exciting and terrifying at
the same time. We (move) ___________slowly and carefully, and it (take) ___________ three days to
get to the top. When we climbed onto the summit, we (find) ___________ another group of climbers.
They (arrive) ___________ several hours ahead of us. They (have) ___________ dinner and listening to
Beethoven. We (laugh) __________ and they (invite) ___________ us to join them. The climb (be)
___________, to say the least, an unforgettable experience.

6/ The weather (be) ___________ terrible lately. It (rain) ___________ off and on for two days, and
the temperature (drop) ___________ at least twenty degrees. It (be) ___________ in the low 40s right
now. Just three days ago, the sun (shine) ___________ and the weather was pleasant. The weather
certainly (change) ___________ quickly here. I never know what to expect. Who knows ? When I
(wake) ___________ up tomorrow morning, maybe it (snow) ___________.
7/ A taxi driver (drive) ____________ along a street when he suddenly (black out) ___________ and
lost control of his vehicle. The taxi (plunge) _________ into a nearby river. A hawker, who (see)
______________ the accident, rushed from his coffee stall and (dive) ___________ into the water. He
(have) ___________ to swim twenty five metres before he could get to the taxi. The taxi driver (try)
______________ to wind down the window. The hawker reached into the taxi for the safety-belt. After
he (release) __________ the safety-belt, he pulled the driver out through the partially open window. At
the hospital, the driver (say) ____________ that the black out might (cause) ______________ by his
high blood pressure condition.
8/ Marie Curie, the Polish-born chemist, was a courageous and determined woman. She (leave)
___________ her home for Paris to pursue her interest in science. Living in poverty, she still (manage)
___________ to graduate at the top of her class. She (meet) ___________ Pierre Curie shortly after
graduation and (marry) ___________ him a year later.
Together, Pierre and Marie (form) ___________ the most famous husband-and-wife partnership in
science history. They (discover) ___________ the radioactive elements, Polonium and Radium. They
(award) ___________ the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903.
Bài 2 : CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
(Conditional Sentence)
Một câu điều kiện có hai mệnh đề : mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện (tức mệnh đề phụ) còn được gọi là mệnh
đề có if (If-clause) và mệnh đề chỉ kết quả còn được gọi là mệnh đề chính (main clause).
- If he works harder, he will succeed in his examination.
(if-clause) (main clause)
Chúng ta cũng có thể đặt mệnh đề chính ở đầu câu :
- He will succeed in his examination if he works harder.
Trong tiếng Anh có 3 loại câu điều kiện chính :
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* Type I : ĐIỀU KIỆN CÓ THỂ XẢY RA ĐƯC (probable condition)
1/ Ý nghóa : Loại điều kiện này dùng để diễn tả một sự việc có thể xảy ra hoặc không thể xảy ra ở
hiện tại hoặc tương lai; nhưng chúng ta có nhiều hy vọng nó xảy ra.
2/ Thì của động từ :
If- clause
Main clause
Simple present
Simple future
(shall / will + verb)
- If the rain stops, we shall go for a walk.
- He will come if you call him.
* Ngoài ra chúng ta còn có thể dùng các khiếm khuyết động từ như : CAN, MUST, MAY … để thay
cho shall hoặc will ở mệnh đề chính.
- If you ask me, I can help you.
- You must study harder if you want to pass the coming exam.
* Mệnh đề chính có thể là một mệnh lệnh hoặc thỉnh cầu :
- Come to me if you need help.
- If you have time, perfect your English.
* Type II : ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở HIỆN TẠI. (Present- unreal Con)
1/ Ý nghóa : Loại điều kiện này diễn tả một điều kiện khó có thể xảy ra hay một sự việc không
thực hiện được ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
2/ Thì của động từ :
If-clause
Main clause
Past Subjunctive
(Quá khứ giả đònh)
Present Conditional
( Should / would + verb)
- If I had a lot of free time, I would go swimming.

(= I haven’t got free time, so I won’t go swimming)
- If Tom were here, he would know the answer.
(= Tom isn’t here, so he doesn’t know the answer.)
- I would call him if I knew his number.
(= I don’t know his number, so I won’t call him)
* Quá khứ giả đònh là hình thức quá khứ đơn của các động từ ngoại trừ động từ “to be” chỉ có một
hình thức WERE cho tất cả các ngôi.
* COULD, MIGHT… có thể được dùng để thay thế cho should hay would.
- If John worked hard, he could pass his exam.
* Type III : ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở QUÁ KHỨ. (Past-unreal Condition)
1/ Ý nghóa : Loại điều kiện này dùng để diễn tả một điều kiện hoàn toàn không thực hiện được hoặc
không xảy ra trong quá khứ.
2/ Thì của động từ :
If-clause
Main clause
Past perfect
S + had + past participle
Perfect Conditional
S + would have + past participle
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- If he had had a lot of money, he would have bought a bigger house.
- I would have taken you to the movie if you had come to see me yesterday.
* “If” có thể được lược bỏ đi nếu có sự đảo ngữ (thường được dùng trong hình thức nhấn mạnh).
- Were I rich, I would help you.
(= If I were rich, I would help you.)
- Had he known the truth, he would have been very angry.
(= If he had known the truth, he would have been very angry)
* Ngoài liên từ “if” ra, câu điều kiện còn được bắt đầu bằng các liên từ khác như : suppose,
supposing that (giả sử như), on the condition that (với điều kiện là), as long as, so long as, provided

that (miễn là), in case (trong trường hợp) , even if ( ngay cho là)...
- As long as you return the book by Saturday, I will lend it to you with pleasure.
* Hai tiếng có nghóa phủ đònh : unless (trừ phi), but for (nếu không)
- He won’t come unless you call him.
(= He won’t come if you don’t call him.)
- But for the storm, he would have arrived much earlier.
EXERCISE I : Rewrite the sentences , using conditional clauses.
1/ I (do) if I (have) time.
- I will do it if I have time. (type 1)
- I would do it if I had time. (type 2)
- I would have done it if I had had time. (type 3)
2/ If she (not try), she (not succeed).
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
3/ If I (see) her, I (tell) her.
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
4/ (You do) it if I (ask) you ?
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
5/ If I (be) ill, I (stay) at home.
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
6/ What (you do) if the bus (not come).
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________
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7/ I (be) sorry if she (leave).
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
8/ I (not stay) in this job if I (can find) another one.
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
9/ They (get) wet if it (rain).
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
10/ It (not bite) you unless you (move)
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
11/ We (go) out unless it (stop) snowing.
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
EXERCISE II: Put the verbs in brackets in correct tenses.
1/ If I (have) ________ a typewriter, I could type it myself.
2/ If I had known that you were in hospital , I (visit) ________ you.
3/ You could make much progress if you (attend) ________ class regularly.
4/ If I (know) ________ his telephone number, I would give it to you.
5/ If you (arrive) ________ ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat.
6/ If he (study) ________ harder, he can pass an exam.

7/ She may be late if she (not hurry) ________.
8/ Tell him to ring me if you (see) ________ him.
9/ If you (speak) ________ more slowly,he might have understood you.
10/ What (you do) ________ if you got fat ?
Exercise III : Supply the correct verb tense.
1/ If you are kind to me, I (be) _______ good to you.
2/ He (come) _______ if you waited.
3/ If you (ring) _______ the bell, the servant would come.
4/ If I had known that the baby was hungry, I (feed) _______ him.
5/ If it (not, rain) _______ a lot, the rice crop wouln’t grow.
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6/ If today (be) _______ Sunday, we wouldn’t have to work.
7/ If she had had your address, she (write) _______ to you.
8/ We lost the match. If you (play) _______ for us, we (win) _______.
9/ So long as you return the book by Saturday, I (lend) _______ it to you with pleasure.
10/ They would not be paid unless they (do) _______ their work well.
11/ Provided he (not, be) _______ interrupted, he can finish the work on time.
12/ If it (be) _______ convenient, let’s meet at three o’clock.
13/ If I became very rich, I (build ) _______ a hospital for the poor.
14/ If he (give) _______ up smoking, as his doctor orders, he will be soon well again.
15/ He (not, have) _______ an accident if he had not been driving so fast.
16/ If she (write) _______ more carefully, she might not have made too many mistakes.
17/ You would have to stay in bed unless your health (improve) _______.
18/ Did she have more practice, she (speak) _______ English better.
19/ Had I known that she was sick, I (visit) _______ her.
20/ Supposing World War III (happen) ________, human civilization (be) _______ destroyed.
EXERCISE IV : Put “if” or “unless” into these spaces.
1/ ________ we hurry, we’ll miss the bus.
2/ Will you phone me ________ you come to England ?

3/ ________ you see Jane, ask her to contact me.
4/ You’ll never pass your exam ________ you don’t work harder.
5/ Liverpool won’t win ________ they begin playing better.
6/ ________ you forget our address, you can find it in the phone book.
7/ You won’t pass your driving test ________ you drive more carefully.
8/ He’ll be ill ________ he doesn’t stop worrying so much.
9/ We’ll go to the beach tomorrow ________ it’s raining.
10/ We’ll never get there on time ________ the train leaves soon.
EXERCISE V : Use “if” in place of “unless”
1/ We won’t go out unless it stops raining.
-____________________________________________________________
2/ I will call the police unless you give back my bicycle.
-____________________________________________________________
3/ You wouldn’t be able to do this exercise unless your English were good.
-____________________________________________________________
4/ Unless we had enough rain, we couldn’t grow rice.
-____________________________________________________________
5/ The fishermen couldn’t have caught a lot of fish unless they had had good nets.
-____________________________________________________________
6/ I wouldn’t buy it unless I could afford it.
-____________________________________________________________
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7/ I would refuse to go unless they paid my expenses.
-____________________________________________________________
8/ I don’t agree with his economic policy. I wouldn’t vote for him unless he changed it.
-____________________________________________________________
9/ He wouldn’t have written unless he had heard news.
-____________________________________________________________
10/ You might not have a terrible toothache unless you went to the dentist regularly.

-____________________________________________________________
EXERCISE VI : The following sentences are first, second or third conditional. Put the verbs in
brackets into the appropriate form.
1/ We wanted to go out yesterday but the weather was terrible. If it (be) … had been … a nice day,
we (go) … would have gone … for a picnic.
2/ Why don’t you explain everything to him ? If you (not tell) _______ him the truth, I’m sure
you (regret) _______ it one day.
3/ Mary was here not long ago. If you (come round) _______ earlier, you (see) ______ her.
4/ Apparently, the ferry company are planning to close the port in this town. If that (happen)
_______, the town (lose) _______ a great deal of money.
5/ I (help) _______ you with it if I (have) _______ more time but I’m afraid I haven’t got any
spare time at all at the moment.
6/ The government is expecting to win the next election, but if it (lose) _______, the Prime
Minister (resign) _______ from politics.
7/ I am so glad that you took me to your friend’s party. If we (not go) _______ there, I (never
meet) _______ Kate Winset.
8/ It’s ridiculous that trains are so expensive. If fares (be) _______ cheaper, I’m sure more
people (use) _______ the train and leave their cars at home.
9/ If she (get) _______ that job she’s applied for, she (be) _______ delighted. And I think she’s
got a good chance of getting it.
10/ Fortunately the explosion took place at night when the streets were empty. It (be) _______ a
disaster if it (happen) _______ in the middle of the day.
11/ The talks between the two leaders keep breaking down. If they (break down) _______
again, it is possible that there (be) _______ a war between the two countries.
12/ If Alison (know) _______ anything about car mechanics, I’m sure she (help) _______ us fix
the car, but I think she knows even less than we do.
13/ They’ve been married for twenty years now but I don’t think she (marry) _______ him if she
(know) _______ what a selfish man he was.
14/ Children spend too much time watching television and playing computer games. I’m sure
they (be) _______ happier if they (spend) _______ more time playing outside.

15/ James has everything he wants but he’s always moaning. I’m sure that if I (have) _______
so much money, I (not moan) _______ all the time.
EXERCISE VII : Rewrite the following sentences using If clauses.
Model :
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a/ My brother will have enough money. He will buy a bicycle.
→ If my brother has enough money, he will buy a bicycle.
b/ She can’t speak English. She won’t apply for the job.
→ If she could speak English she would apply for the job.
c/ He wasn’t here. He didn’t have a lot of fun.
→ If he had been here, he would have had a lot of fun.
1/ She can’t be employed because she doesn’t have a college degree.
→ ______________________________________________
2/ I don’t have enough money. I can’t go on a long holiday this year.
→ ______________________________________________
3/ He is very slow, so we won’t give his such an important task.
→ ______________________________________________
4/ I’ll have to work this Sunday, so I shan’t join your picnic.
→ ______________________________________________
5/ He works overtime to get more money because he has to pay father’s debt.
→ ______________________________________________
6/ City life isn’t enjoyable because everything is very expensive.
→ ______________________________________________
7/ There are industrial factories inside the city, that’s why pollution can’t be reduced.
→ ______________________________________________
8/ Everything on the earth grows well because the sun always shines.
→ ______________________________________________
9/ There is a grammar error in this English composition, that’s why it can’t get a full mark.
→ ______________________________________________

10/ I don’t have a typewriter. I can’t type it myself.
→ ______________________________________________
11/ I’ll buy a new hat. I’ll give it to you.
→ ______________________________________________
12/ You’ll ask the teacher. He’ll explain the lesson to you.
→ ______________________________________________
13/ Mary doesn’t see the sight. She can’t tell you about that.
→ ______________________________________________
14/ I don’t know his address. I can’t give it to you.
→ ______________________________________________
15/ He didn’t look a lot better because he didn’t shave more often.
→ ______________________________________________
16/ She was ill. She didn’t go to work.
→ ______________________________________________
17/ It was raining all morning. We didn’t go out.
→ ______________________________________________
18/ He was tired. He made a mistake.
→ ______________________________________________
19/ Peter didn’t write to me. I didn’t write to him.
→ ______________________________________________
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20/ You didn’t ask Alice. She didn’t tell you the truth.
→ ______________________________________________
Bài 3 : THỂ THỤ ĐỘNG
(THE PASSIVE VOICE)
* Thể chủ động (active voice) là cách đặt câu mà chủ từ đóng vai trò chủ động.
- Mr. Brown wrote the report yesterday.
- He has already finished his homework.
* Thể thụ động (passive voice) là cách đặt câu mà chủ từ đóng vai trò bò động.

- That house was built 100 years ago.
- Those windows are painted blue.
 Passive sentence : S + be + past participle
1/ Hãy quan sát ví dụ sau :
* Active : Tom brokethe chair yesterday.
S V O
* Passive : The chair was broken by Tom yesterday.
S be + P.P by doer
2/ Ghi nhớ: Cách đổi một câu từ active sang passive :
* Lấy túc từ (O) trong câu chủ động xuống làm chủ từ (S) trong câu thụ động.
* Nhận xét xem động từ chia trong câu chủ động ở thì nào, ta chia TO BE ở thì đó rồi viết động
từ chính ở dạng quá khứ phân từ (p.p).
* Lấy chủ từ (S) trong câu chủ động xuống làm doer trong câu thụ động, nhớ viết BY ngay đằng
trước.
* Trạng từ giữ nguyên không đổi và thường đặt cuối câu (nếu là trạng từ chỉ thời gian).
3/ Một vài ví dụ khác :
+ (a) simple present : [Subject+ am / is / are + P.P ]
- Mr.Green teaches history.
 History is taught by Mr.Green.
+ (b) present perfect : [ S + has / have + been + p.p ]
- He has just done his homework.
 His homework has just been done by him.
+ (c) present continuous : [ S + am / is / are / + being + p.p]
- She is cleaning the windows.
 The windows are being cleaned by her.
+ (d) simple past : [ S + was / were + p.p]
- The boss sacked ten workers.
 Ten workers were sacked by the boss.
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+ (e) past perfect : [ S + had been + p.p]
- Mary had written the letter.
 The letter had been written by Mary.
+ (f) Past continuous : [ S + was / were + being + p.p]
- The police were questioning Tom.
 Tom was being questioned by the police.
+ (g) simple future: [ S + will / shall + be + p.p]
- John will deliver the letter.
 The letter will be delivered by John.
+ (h) Modal verbs : [ S + must / can / may … + be + p.p]
- He must do it right now.
 It must be done by him right now.
+ (i) special structures : [ S + is / are going to + be + p.p]
- The engineers are going to build the bridge.
 The bridge is going to be built by the engineers.
(… còn áp dụng với các cấu trúc khác như : have to, had to, used to, ought to …)
+ (j) 2 objects :
- They gave me a present yesterday.
 I was given a present yesterday(by them).
 A present was given to me yesterday(by them).
(Nếu sau BY là them / people / someone / somebody…ta có thể bỏ đi)
+ (k) perception verb with bare infinitive : [ S + be – p.p + to inf ]
- I never hear him shout at his children.
 He is never heard to shout at his children.
+ (l) perception verb with present partciple : [ S + be – p.p + V-ing ]
- I saw the boy coming into the room.
 The boy was seen coming into the room.
+ (m) With ‘make’ : [ S + be – made + to inf ]
- They made me do it.
 I was made to do it.

+ (n) With ‘let’ : [ S + be – let + bare inf ]
- They let him do it.
 He was let do it.
+ (o) With ‘begin or start’: [ S + begin / start + to be + p.p ]
- They began to build the house in 1980.
 The house began to be built in 1980.
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+ (p) With “say, report, rumour…’:
- People say that prevention is better than cure.
 It is said that prevention is better than cure.
 Prevention is said to be better than cure. (…cách đổi này được áp dụng cho các động từ
như: SAY, REPORT, THINK, BELIEVE, RUMOUR…)
+ (q) câu mệnh lệnh : [ Let + O + be – p.p ]
- Open the door, please.
 Let the door be opened, please.
EXERCISE I : Supply the correct tense and voice.
1/ Everyone (shock) … was shocked … by the news yesterday.
2/ Almost everyone (enjoy)… enjoyed … the lecture last night.
3/ English (speak) _________ all over the world.
4/ A terrible accident (happen) _________ right here at 6 o’clock last night.
5/ Mr. Smith (teach) _________ at this university since 1985.
6/ Not much (say) _________ about the matter since last week.
7/ He (borrow) _________ the money from her two weeks ago.
8/ A new textbook (publish) _________ by that company next year.
9/ Everything (go) _________ well so far. There (be) _________ no trouble yet.
10/ Who the book (write) _________ by ?
11/ Think carefully. I’m sure you (remember) _________ his name.
12/ The report (examine) _________ now.
EXERCISE II : Turn into the passive voice.

1/ He is running his own restaurant.
- ______________________________________________________
2/ The secretary opens the mails every morning.
- ______________________________________________________
3/ The teacher doesn’t allow me to take the seat by the window.
- ______________________________________________________
4/ Tom’s absence worried his mother.
- ______________________________________________________
5/ They are building a new school in this town.
- ______________________________________________________
6/ You should finish the report right now.
- ______________________________________________________
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7/ We shall discuss the matter in the afternoon.
- ______________________________________________________
8/ Are you going to post this letter ?
- ______________________________________________________
9/ He has to pay the bills before the fifth of the month.
- ______________________________________________________
10/ No one has opened that box for the past hundred years.
- ______________________________________________________
11/ The boy screamed while the dentist was pulling out one of his teeth.
- ______________________________________________________
12/ The enemy used to attack the bay.
- ______________________________________________________
13/ The fire has destroyed many houses.
- ______________________________________________________
14/ The children are carrying the chairs into the house.
- ______________________________________________________

15/ They awarded him the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1946.
- ______________________________________________________
16/ We saw him leave the office at 6 o’clock this morning.
- ______________________________________________________
17/ My parents didn’t let me go to school this morning because I was ill.
- ______________________________________________________
18/ You ought to water these plants once a week.
- ______________________________________________________
19/ People saw her driving a car near the bridge.
- ______________________________________________________
20/ They said that he was the richest man in the town.
- ______________________________________________________
21/ Scientists began to carry out researches on AIDS in 1981.
- ______________________________________________________
22/ The boy knew that they were praising him.
- ______________________________________________________
23/ Everybody believed that he had died of lung cancer.
- ______________________________________________________
24/ They hadn’t built the bridge when we first came here.
- ______________________________________________________
25/ I can assure you that I will arrange everything in time.
- ______________________________________________________
EXERCISE III : Change to the active voice.
1/ Progress in science is being made day after day.
- ______________________________________________________
2/ The palace was designed by a French architect.
- ______________________________________________________
3/ The road in front of my house has been paved.
- ______________________________________________________
4/ You can see that the dishes haven’t been washed.

- ______________________________________________________
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5/ Our salaries will not be increased this year.
- ______________________________________________________
6/ Wasn’t that theatre built two years ago ?
- ______________________________________________________
7/ The problem may be discussed again.
- ______________________________________________________
8/ My brother has been offered a well-paid job.
- ______________________________________________________
9/ It is reported that the war started again in South America.
- ______________________________________________________
10/ I was told that I was going to be appointed manager of this company.
- ______________________________________________________
EXERCISE IV : Rewrite the following sentences.
1/ People don’t learn a foreign language in a short time.
- ______________________________________________________
2/ Did anyone ask any questions about me ?
- ______________________________________________________
3/ Henry wrote that book years ago, didn’t he ?
- ______________________________________________________
4/ I wasn’t introduced to any of the guests.
- ______________________________________________________
5/ What sort of research are they doing in the laborotary ?
- ______________________________________________________
6/ You should place matches out of reach of children.
- ______________________________________________________
7/ People say that inflation is getting out of control.
- ______________________________________________________

8/ We’ll have finished all the work by the weekend.
- ______________________________________________________
9/ I heard her singing very beautifully.
- ______________________________________________________
10/ Scientists started discovering the universe thousands of years ago.
- ______________________________________________________
11/ Nothing can be gained without effort.
- ______________________________________________________
12/ The robbers forced the bank manager to hand over the money.
- ______________________________________________________
13/ They let us go.
- ______________________________________________________
14/ The police stopped Tom on the highway and made him show his I.D card.
- ______________________________________________________
15/ Write your address on the back of the cheque.
- ______________________________________________________
16/ Where did your child find the keys ?
- ______________________________________________________
17/ Some people think he is a dangerous criminal.
- ______________________________________________________
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18/ They will have to sign these documents.
- ______________________________________________________
19/ The workers are going to pull down that old building.
- ______________________________________________________
20/ No one told me the truth.
- ______________________________________________________
EXERCISE V : More exercises on Passive voice.
1. Yes - No questions :

a. Do they teach English here ?
- ___________________________________________________
b. Will you invite her to your wedding party ?
- ___________________________________________________
c. Did the teacher give some exercises ?
- ___________________________________________________
d. Is she going to write poem ?
- ___________________________________________________
e. Have they changed the window of the laboratory ?
- ___________________________________________________
f. Is she making big cakes for the party ?
- ___________________________________________________
g. Has Tom finished the work ?
- ___________________________________________________
h. Are the police making inquires about the thief.
- ___________________________________________________
i. Must we finish the test before ten ?
- ___________________________________________________
j. Will buses bring the children home ?
- ___________________________________________________
2. Wh - questions :
a. Why didn’t they help him ?
- ___________________________________________________
b. How many games has the team played ?
- ___________________________________________________
c. Where do people speak English ?
- ___________________________________________________
d. Who are they keeping in the kitchen ?
- ___________________________________________________
e. How can they open this safe ?

- ___________________________________________________
f. What books are people reading this year ?
- ___________________________________________________
g. How did the police find the lost man ?
- ___________________________________________________
h. Who looked after the children for you ?
- ___________________________________________________
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