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<i><b>READING COMPREHENSION </b></i>


<i><b>Read the passage and choose the best option to each of the following question. </b></i>
<b>PASSAGE 1: </b>


The year at an American college is divided into two semesters or three quarters. A semester
includes 15 weeks; a quarter includes 10 weeks. American college students usually go to school from
September to May. They can also study during the summer. Students choose their classes a few
weeks before the start of each term. Universities and colleges offer a great many classes in the
students’ main areas of study and in other areas as well. Students must take both. These include
science, math, computer, history and English. Other classes such as dance, theater, or sports may be
just for fun. Tests are usually given in the middle of the term and at the end. The final exam is
extremely important. In some classes, the professor asks the students to write a research paper or
complete a certain task instead of taking a test.


<i><b>1. American college students choose their classes ______. </b></i>


<b>A. in the first week of each term </b> <b>B. at the end of each term </b>
<b>C. at any time during the term </b> <b>D. before the start of each term </b>
<i><b>2. Usually, an American college student takes ______ tests in a term. </b></i>


<b>A. two </b> <b>B. five </b> <b>C. four </b> <b>D. three </b>


<i><b>3. The final exam is ______. </b></i>


<b>A. not important </b> <b>B. less important </b> <b>C. very important </b> <b>D. just for fun </b>
<i><b>4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? </b></i>


<b>A. The year at an American college usually starts in September. </b>


<b>B. The year at an American college is divided into two semesters or three quarters. </b>


<b>C. There are 15 weeks in each semester and 10 weeks in each quarter. </b>


<b>D. American college students never study during the summer. </b>
<i><b>5.The word semester in line 1 is closest in meaning to ________. </b></i>


<b>A. break </b> <b>B. term </b> <b>C. staff </b> <b>D. boarding </b>


<b>PASSAGE 2: </b>


You may use the telephone every day but how much do you know about it? The telephone
was invented by Alexander Bell in 1876. Bell was born in Scotland in 1847. Later he went to live in
the US. Alexander Bell was always interested in sound. He wanted to be able to send sound through
a wire. He had a workshop in his house in America and did many experiments there.


One day, while he was doing an experiment in his workshop, he was careless and spilt some
burning liquid onto his clothes. Talking into his telephone, Bell said: “Mr. Watson, I want you to
come over here immediately, please.” His assistant, Watson, was in another room far away from the
workshop. However, he heard Bell clearly on his own telephone. Quickly, he ran to Bell’s workshop.
“Mr Bell, I heard every word you said!” Watson shouted excitedly. Bell finally succeeded. He had
invented the first telephone. Later other inventors made better ones.


<i><b>1. Which of the following can be the best TITLE for this passage? </b></i>


<b>A. The invention of telephone </b> <b>B. Alexander Bell and his interests </b>
<b>C. The invention of sound through wire </b> <b>D. The invention of mobile sound </b>
<i><b>2. What did Alexander Bell have an interest in? </b></i>


<b>A. philosophy </b> <b>B. music </b> <b>C. physics </b> <b>D. sound </b>


<i><b>3.The word interested in in line 3 is closest in meaning to ________. </b></i>



<b>A. fond of </b> <b>B. involved in </b> <b>C. tired of </b> <b>D. anxious about </b>
<i><b>4. What did Bell do many experiments for? </b></i>


<b>A. to give a request to his assistant </b> <b>B. to send sound through a wire </b>


<b>C. to hear his assistant’s voice </b> <b>D. to express feelings through musical instruments </b>
<i><b>5. Where did Bell carry out his many experiments? </b></i>


<b>A. in a workshop at his workplace </b> <b>B. in a laboratory at Watson’s house </b>


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<b>PASSAGE 3: </b>


Louis Braille was born in France in 1809. His father had a small business. He made shoes and
other things from leather. Louis liked to help his father in the store even when he was very small.
One day when Louis was 3 years old, he was cutting some leather, suddenly the knife slipped and hit
him in the eyes. He soon became completely blind.


When he was ten years old, he entered the National Institute for the blind in Paris. One day his
class went to visit a special exhibit by a captain in the army. One thing in the exhibit was very
interesting for Louis. It showed messages in code. Armies send messages in secret codes so no one
else can read them. The captain wrote this code in raised letters on very thick paper.


Louis thought a lot about this code. Then he decided to write in the same way so the blind
could “read” with their fingers. It is very difficult to feel the differences between raised letters.
Instead of letters, Louis used a “cell” of six dots. He arranged the dots with two dots across and three
down. So blind people can read and write even write music by Braille.


<b>1. </b> Louis Braille’s father made things from______________.



A. codes B. exhibit C. leather D. wood


<b>2. </b> When Louis was ten years old, he began to study______________.


A. at a local school B. at a special school for the blind


C. in the army D. at a university


<b>3. </b> Louis saw a special exhibit. It showed_______in code.


A. systems B. computers C. arrangements D. messages
<b>4. </b> It is difficult to feel the differences between______________.


A. arrangements of dots B. coded messages
C. raised letters D. a system of raised dots
<b>5. </b> Which of these sentences is NOT TRUE ?


A. Braille invented a system of reading for blind people.
B. Braille system is used for everyone.


C. Braille visited an exhibit of codes D. Braille was an intelligent boy.


<b>PASSAGE 4: </b>


Television viewing is a major activity and influence on children and adolescents. Children in the
United States watch an average of three to four hours of television a day. By the time of high school
graduation, they will have spent more time watching television than they have in the
classroom. While television can entertain, inform, and keep our children company, it may also
<b>influence them in undesirable ways. </b>



Time spent watching television takes away from important activities such as reading, school
work, playing, exercise, family interaction, and social development. Children also learn information
from television that may be inappropriate or incorrect. They often cannot tell the difference between
the fantasies presented on television versus reality. They are influenced by the thousands of
commercials seen each year, many of which are for alcohol, junk food, fast foods, and toys.


1. How much time do American children watch TV a day?


A. too much time B. an average of three to four hours a day
C. three hours a day D. four hours a day


2. What does the word “They” in paragraph 2 refer to?


A. adolescents B. children


C. commercials D. activities


3. Which is the synonym of “influence” in paragraph 1?


A. cause B. support C. affect D. develop


4. Which of the following is not mentioned as an important activity in the text?


A. listening B. reading C. playing D. exercise
5. What are the thousands of commercials seen each year?


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In England boys and girls go to school five days a week. They don't go to school on Saturdays
and Sundays. Lessons usually begin at nine o'clock. Each lesson lasts forty five minutes. At fifteen
past eleven they have a quarter of an hour's break in which they drink milk. Some pupils eat
sandwiches or biscuits which they bring from home. Then they have two lessons more. After that


they have a lunch break. Some pupils go home for lunch, but many have it at school. At two o'clock
school begins again. These are two more lessons. For the next forty minutes they do some of their
homework or have a club meeting or play games like football. They go home at about four thirty in
the afternoon.


<b>Question 1: Which days do they go to school? </b>


A. From Monday to Thursday B. From Friday to Saturday
C. From Monday to Sunday D. From Monday to Friday
<b>Question 2: What time do school start in the afternoon? </b>


A. at 1.30 B. at 1.45 C. at 2.00 D. at 2.30
<b>Question 3: How many lessons do they have in the afternoon? </b>


A. four B. three C. one D. two
<b>Question 4: What don't they often do at school from 3.30 to 4.15 in the afternoon? </b>


A. do homework B. have a club meeting
C. play games like football D. watch TV


<b>Question 5: What time do they go home? </b>


A. at 4.00 B. at 4.15 C. at 4.20 D. at 4.30


<b>PASSAGE 6: </b>


Perhaps it was his own lack of adequate schooling that inspired Horace Mann to work so hard
for the important reforms in education that he accomplished. While he was still a boy, his father and
older brother died, and he became responsible for supporting his family. Like most of the children in
his town, he attended school only two or three months a year. Later, with the help of several teachers,


he was able to study law and became a member of the Massachusetts bar, but he never forgot those
early struggles.


While serving in Massachusetts legislature, he signed a historic education bill that set up a state
board of education. Without regret, he gave up his successful legal practice and political career to
become the first secretary of the board. There he exercised an enormous influence during the critical
period of reconstruction that brought into existence the American graded elementary school as
substitute for the older distinct school system. Under his leadership, the curriculum was restructured,
the school year was increased to a minimum of six months, and mandatory schooling was extended to
age sixteen. Other important reforms included the establishment of state normal schools for teacher
training, institutes for in-service teacher education, and lyceums for adult education. He was also
instrument in improving salaries for teachers and creating school libraries.


<b>Question 1: What is the best title of the passage? </b>


A. The Father of American Public Education B. Philosophy of Education


C. The Massachusetts State Board of Education D. Politics of Educational Institutions
<b>Question 2: Which of the following describes Horace Mann’s early life? </b>


A. He attended school six months a year B. He had to study alone, without help
C. He supported his family after his father died D. He was an only child.


<b>Question 3: The word “regret” could best be replaced by </b>


A. consideration B. feeling sorry C. limitation D. acceptance
<b>Question 4: Which of the following is NOT true? </b>


A. Mann’s father died when he was a child
B. Mann was a member of the Massachusetts bar


C. He took the responsibility for supporting his family
D. He had adequate schooling when he was young.


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<b>PASSAGE 7: </b>


The relationship between a teacher and a student can be good or bad, helpful or harmful. Either way,
the relationship can affect the students for the rest of his life.


In order to have a good teacher-student relationship, it is important that the teacher and the student
respect each other. If the teacher is too strict, he frightens the student. The student will not learn well.
On the other hand, if the teacher is too friendly and permissive, the student may become lazy and
stop working hard. The teacher’s attitude and approach should be between these two extremes. He
should encourage the students without forcing or punishing him to learn. He needs patience and
understanding. It is part of the teacher’s job to help develop a good positive attitude in his students.
As for the student, in order to have a good relationship with his teacher, he must always show his
proper respect. He should be eager to learn and willing to work hard. If he learns from the teacher
modestly, he will be able to profit fully from his teacher’s knowledge and assistance.


1. The relationship between a teacher and a student is considered very important because it _____.
A. can be either good or bad B. it’s very harmful to the student


C. makes the student unsafe D. has great influence on the student’s life
2. One of the most important factors for a good teacher-student relationship is the mutual _____.


A. responsibility B. respect C. support D. understanding
3. In order to have a good teacher-student relationship, the teacher _____.


A. should force the student to learn B. needs patience and understanding
C. should be too friendly and permissive D. ought to strict



4. In order to have a good teacher-student relationship, the student _____.


A. must be a hard-working person B. must always support the teacher
C. must always be a gifted person D. must always be an excellent person
5. According to the passage it’s true that _____.


A. the student always profit fully from his teacher


B. the student must thank for his teacher’s knowledge and assistance
C. the student must always show his proper respect to his teacher
D. the teacher himself needs to develop a good positive attitude
<b>PASSAGE 8: </b>


Easter is in on different Sunday each year. But it is always in March or April. Easter is not a
national holiday. It is a religious holiday for Christians. For many people, Easter celebrates the
beginning of spring. The English word for Easter comes from the old English word Eastre. Eastre
was the name of the goddess of spring and light. In the spring, flowers bloom and trees become
green. The earth wears new clothes. Many people wear new clothes on Easter Sunday, too.


Eggs and rabbits are new signs of spring and new life. American children believe in an
imaginary rabbit, the Easter Bunny. The night before Easter, the Easter Bunny visits many homes.
<b>He brings children Easter basket with eggs and candy. Some Easter eggs are hard -boiled eggs in </b>
different colors. Others Easter eggs are chocolates. The Easter Bunny hides the eggs in the house or
outside in the yard. On Easter morning, children look for eggs from the Easter Bunny.


On Easter Sunday, family often come together for a dinner of ham or lamb with fresh spring
vegetables. Desert is often cake in the shape of a lamb or rabbit. And there is plenty of candy from
the Easter Bunny.


1. Easter ______



A. is celebrated on every Sunday in March or April B. is only celebrated by Christians.
C. is a public holiday D. is a spring holiday.


2. The "Easter Bunny” is ______


A. a sign of flowers blooming B. an imaginary rabbit


C. an old word for "Easter" D. a sign of the spring goddess
3. The word “He” refers to


A. the children. B. the Easter Bunny C. people. D. the Christian
4. The word "shape" is closest in meaning to


A. color B. type C. form D. kind


5. Which of the followings is not mentioned in the passage?
A. Easter is an important Christian festival.


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<b>PASSAGE 9: </b>


Television has changed the way people live for thirty years. It influences nearly every aspect of
modern life: how people use their leisure time, how news is reported, how information is learned, and
how people think and feel. Children are particular susceptible to the effects of television because
their minds are growing and learning much faster than those of adults. However, social scientists,
teachers and parents are concerned about the impact of television on children. They feel television is
one factor that causes declining mathematics and reading scores among school children. Because of
the excessive time spent watching television, children are spending less time reading and thinking
independently.



<b>Question 1: Television influences ___________. </b>


A. only some aspects of modern life B. very few aspects of modern life
C. every aspect of children life D. almost all the aspects of modern life
<b>Question 2: According to the writer, children can learn something through television ___________. </b>


A. as fast as adults B. more quickly than adults
C. more slowly than adults D. as easily as adults
<b>Question 3: According to social scientists, teachers and parents, ____________. </b>


A. television can cause a decrease in mathematics and reading scores among school children.
B. television can reduce mathematics and writing scores among school children.


C. television can increase mathematics and reading scores among school children.
D. television helps school children get high mathematics and reading scores.
<b>Question 4: Children don’t want to read and think _________. </b>


A. because they spend less time watching TV. B. because they are bored with learning
C. because of their laziness D. because they spend too much time on TV
<b>Question 5: What is the synonym of the word “scores” in line 6? </b>


A. subjects B. topics C. marks D. knowledge


<b>PASSAGE 10: </b>


Dolphins are not fish. They are mammals that live in the water. Dolphins are among the most
intelligent animals on Earth. Although they can be found in all oceans in the world, dolphins prefer
coastal waters and bays. The size of dolphins varies greatly. The smallest dolphin is just about 50 kg
in weight and 1.2 meters in length while the largest one can weigh up to 8,200 kg and is 100 meters
long.



Dolphins eat mainly fish. A female dolphin gives birth to one calf every two years after a
gestation period of eleven to twelve months. A dolphin can normally live from twenty-five to
sixty-five years and some species of dolphins can even live longer. Dolphin populations are at risk due to
the pollution of their habitat and accidental entrapment in fishing nets.


<b>Question 1: Dolphins are _________. </b>


A. mammals B. fish C. reptiles. D. insects


<b>Question 2: Where do dolphins prefer to live? </b>


A. In bays B. In lakes


C. In coastal waters and bays D. In coastal waters
<b>Question 3: What is the word “they” in line 2 referred to? </b>


A. fish B. dolphins C. animals D. oceans


<b>Question 4: Which of the following sentence is NOT TRUE about dolphins? </b>
A. The size of dolphins varies slightly


B. The main food of dolphins is fish


C. A female dolphin gives birth to one calf every two years
D. Dolphins can live over sixty-five years


<b> Question 5: Why are dolphin populations at risk? </b>
A. due to the pollution of their habitat



B. due to accidental entrapment in fishing nets


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<b>PASSAGE 11: </b>


The United States is a large country. It is the third largest in the whole world. It is located in a
continent called North America. Parts of the United States touch three different oceans. The United
States has tall mountains, wide plains, deserts, hills, rivers, lakes, volcanoes, and even rainforests!
People from all over the world have come to live in the United States.


There are 50 states in the United States. The newest states, Alaska and Hawaii, are not
connected to the other states. Alaska is the largest state and Hawaii is a chain of islands in the Pacific
Ocean.


<b>Question 1: The United States does not have __________. </b>


A. continents B. 50 states C. volcanoes D. mountains
<b>Question 2: The United States is the __________ in the world. </b>


A. second largest B. third largest C. largest D. smallest
<b>Question 3: What continent is the United States in? </b>


A . A s i a B . E u r o p e C . A f r i c a D. N o r t h A m e r i c a
<b>Question 4 :</b> Parts of the United States touch __________ different oceans.


A. 1 B. 4 C. 3 D. 2


<b>Question 5: The word “It” in paragraph 1 refers to__________. </b>


A. state B. continent C. world D. the United States
<b>PASSAGE 12: </b>



Personal computers, or PCs, are an important part of our every day lives. Many people cannot
image life without them. One of the most important people in making these machines work is Bill
Gates.


Bill Gates was born in 1955 in Wasgington State. He grew up in a rich family. His parents sent
him to a private school. There he met his business partner, Paul Allen. When they were in the eighth
grade, they were writing programs for business computers and making money.


In 1973, Gates was accepted at Harvard University. His parents were happy. They thought he
would get over his obsession with copmuters and became a lawyer like his father. Two years later,
Gates <i><b>dropped out of Harvard to work on a computer program with a friend, Allen. They worked </b></i>
eighteen hours a day in a dormitory room at Harvard. They were writing the program that would run
one of the personal computers. In 1975, they created a company called Microsoft to sell their product.
Allen became ill with cancer and left Microsoft in 1983. He recovered a few years later and
started his own company. Meanwhile, Microsoft became a giant company. By 1990, at the age of
thirty – four, Gates was the youngest billionaire in the history of the United States. He was the “King
of Software”. He achieved his success with a lot of hard work.


<b>Question 1: According to the writer, __________________________________. </b>
A. people cannot live without personal computers.


B. computers play an important part of our lives.
C. Bill Gates invented personal computers.


D. Bill Gates is the most important people in computer science.


<b>Question 2: How old was Bill Gates when he was accepted at Harvard University? </b>


A. 20 B. 28 C. 18 D. 34



<b>Question 3: The word “dropped out of” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________. </b>


A. graduated from B. got over


C. took part in D. stopped taking class


<b>Question 4: According to the passage, _________________________________. </b>
A. Bill Gate’s parents wanted him to become a computer programmer.


B. Bill Gates and Paul Allen created Microsoft because they wanted to sell their program for
personal computers.


C. Paul Allen left Microsoft because he wanted to start his own company
D. Bill Gates met his business partner at Harvard.


<b>Question 5: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text? </b>
A. In a few years, Microsoft became a very large company.


B. Bill Gates and Paul Allen first wrote programs for business computers when they were in the
eighth grade.


C. Bill Gates earned his success by working very hard.


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<b>PASSAGE 13: </b>


Football is one of the world’s most popular sports. People have played the game for hundreds of
years and almost every country has a national football team. A football match consists of two teams
with eleven players on each side. Each team is on one half of the pitch at the start of the game. When
the referee blows his whistle, the game begins.



The object of the game is to score goals against the other team. A goal is scored by putting the
ball in the other team’s net, either with your foot or head. Each football match lasts for ninety
minutes. There is a half-time break after forty-five minutes which lasts for about fifteen minutes.


The team that has scored the most goals by the end of the match is the winner. If no team has
scored a goal, the match is called a draw. The goalkeeper is the person who stands between the
goalposts and tries to stop people scoring goals. He is the only player who can touch the ball with his
hands. The ball is not allowed to go outside the lines of the pitch. If it does, the game stops for a short
time.


1. A football match starts when __________ .


A. both teams are on the pitch B. the referee blows his whistle
C. each team is on one half of the pitch D. everybody is ready


2. How long does a football game last?


A. A quarter of an hour B. Three quarters of an hour
C. One hour and a quarter D. One hour and a half
3. A match is called a draw if ________.


A. both teams score lots of goals B. no goals have been scored


C. all the players score goals D. one team scored more goals than the other
4. What’s the goalkeeper’s job?


A. He must stand between the goalposts. B. He must try to stop goals with his feet.
C. He must try to stop the ball going into the net. D. He must not go outside the goalposts.
5. Which of the following sentence is true?



A. All the players can throw the ball with his hands.


B. The players are not allowed to go outside the lines of the pitch.


C. The game stops for a while when the ball goes outside the line of the pitch.
D. A goal is scored by putting the ball in the other team’s net with only the foot
6. The phrase “consists of” in line 2 is closest in meaning to ________.


A. includes B. plays C. gathers D. exists


<b>PASSAGE 14: </b>


Edinburgh is the Capital of Scotland and one of the most beautiful cities in Europe. It lies on
hills and goes down to the sea. From the street in the centre of the city you can see ships coming from
different countries.


In the "old town" the streets are narrow. The Edinburgh castle is one thousand years old. The
“modern town” lies at the foot of the hills. The streets here are well- planned, so it is easy to walk in
the city when you go sightseeing. People say that only two cities in the world are so well-planned:
Edinburgh and Sankt-Peterburg.


Many great men have lived and worked in Edinburgh. Among them are Robert Burns, the
great Scottish poet and Walter Scott, the father of historical novel.


1. Sankt-Peterburg is mentioned in the passage as an example of ________


A. an old city B. a capital C. a well-planned city D. a historic city
2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT correct about Edinburgh?



A. It is near the sea. B. It is a city of business.
C. Edinburgh, like Sankt-Peterburg, is very well-planned.


D. Walter Scott has lived in this city.


3. Which one below is NOT mentioned as a feature of Edinburgh?


A. narrow streets B. old castle C. sea view D. Parks
4. The pronoun "them" in line 8 refers to _________


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