Ngu phap giao tiep co ban

Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (693.87 KB, 44 trang )

(1)<div class='page_container' data-page=1>

Chuyên đề Ngữ pháp cơ bản

Unit 1:

Nouns

I. Noun

1. Kinds and function
a. Four kinds

- Danh tõ chung: dog, man, table...

- Danh tõ riªng: France, Madrid, Mrs Smith, Tom...
- Danh tõ trõu tỵng: beauty, charity, fear, joy...
- Danh tõ tËp hỵp: crowd, group, team, swarm...
b. Function as

- Chủ ngữ: Australia is an English speaking country.
- Bổ ngữ cho động từ be, become, seem: Tom is an actor.
- Tân ngữ của động từ: I saw Tom in the park.

- Tân ngữ của giới từ: I spoke to John.
- Dùng với sở hữu cách: Tom s books .

* Note: + Dùng ’s với ngời, động vật và trạng từ chỉ thời gian.

E.g: Mr Orson s car ’ The elephant s ear ’ The cat s tail’
+ Nh÷ng danh tõ sè nhiÒu tËn cïng b»ng s chØ dïng dÊu së h÷u ( ’ ).

E.g: The teacher s training college’
+ Với đồ vật dùng giới từ of

E.g: The leg of the table The office of the manager
2. Gender (gièng)

- We have masculine (gđ), feminine (gc), and neuter (chung tính)
* Chung tính: những vật vơ sinh, những động vật mà ta kô biết giống.

* Ngoại lệ: Các con tàu và đôi khi các loại xe hơi, các quốc gia dùng vời nghĩa trang trọng
đ-ợc xem nh là giống cái.

E.g: Viet Nam lost a lot of her heroes in the war.
Các danh từ phân gièng:

boy - girl bachelor - spinster bridegroom - bride 
father - mother gentleman - lady husband - wife

man - woman nephew - niece son - daughter

aunt - uncle widower - widow prince - princess 
duke - duches monitor - monitress manager - manageress 
actor - actress waiter - waitress air-hoster - air-hostress 
steward - stewardess conductor - conductress heir - heiress

hero - heroine policeman - policewoman 
- Một số danh từ chỉ nghề nghiệp có hình thức giống nhau:
cook, driver, dancer, assistant, artist, guide, …
- Một số loài động vật phân giống:

bull - cow - ox hen - cock dog - bitch goose - gander 
lion - lioness tiger - tigeress duck - drake ram - ewe
3. Plural (Số nhiều): Chỉ có danh từ đếm đợc mới có hình thức số nhiều.

a. Quy tắc chung: Thêm s vào sau danh từ số ít
b. 12 danh từ tận cùng bằng f hay fe đổi thành ves.

Calf half knife leaf life

self sheaf shelf thief wife wolf

* Note: Một số danh từ nh: scalf (khăn quàng), wharf (bến cảng), hoof (mòng, guốc) có thể
thêm s hoặc đổi thành ves. Những danh từ cịn lại có tận cùng bằng f hay fe thì thêm s bình
thờng.

Cliff handkerchief safe....

c. Một số danh từ biến đổi sang dạng số nhiều bằng cách thay đổi nguyên âm của chúng
foot -> feet goose -> geese louse -> lice 
mouse -> mice man -> men tooth -> teeth
child-> children ox -> oxen

</div>
(2)<div class='page_container' data-page=2>

MPs (Members of Paliament): NghÞ sÜ quèc héi
VIPs (Very important persons)

UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects)
OAPs (Old Age Pensioners): ngời hu trí
4. Danh từ khơng đếm đ ợc (Uncountable noun ) 
- Những danh từ sau xem nh kô đếm đợc

a. Tên gọi của những chất đợc xem nh là chung:

wood, iron, silver, gold, tea, beer, wine, stone, wool, etc

b. Những danh từ trừu tợng

information, violence, hope, beauty, death, experience
c. Những danh từ đợc quy định là kô đếm đợc trong tiếng Anh

bread, news, knowledge, damage, rubbish, etc
 Which of these words are uncountable nouns?

letter Word knowledge news countryside deer

ink Spirit rule kiss rain day

ink-pot Statue health information welcome roof

music Freedom drink air forest toothpick

What is English spelling of these words?

Nớc hoa Ngôi nhà Gia đình Ngời thừa kế Trờng ĐH Chất liệu len
Sự tự do Đồ uống Khơng gia đình Ngời kơ vợ Trờng C Cht liu vng

Nữ công tớc Thức ăn S tử (gc) Góa phụ Trờng PTCS Chất liệu bạc
Nữ anh hùng Phòng tắm Chó (gc) Nam diễn viên Trờng THCS Chất liệu sắt

Giáo viên Từ điển Nam cảnh sát Ca sĩ Trờng THPT Chất liệu chì
Học viên Từ điển Anh-Việt Cảnh sát Nhà vệ sinh Nhà trẻ Chất liệu gỗ
Find out ten nouns in this box:

T E A C H E r P O o

R F S B O O I X M I

</div>
(3)<div class='page_container' data-page=3>

J g f h s N e k I v

H O U S e l I u S A

Y k n A A C L A s s

R t U L X a s d w R

H h I t c y p o r H

H O N E y q d S i J

O o o M O O n Z v m

Fill in the gaps with suitable word

1. What is your n...? 2. I have a b... house.

3. My house is very b... 4. I am t... but she is s...
5. Jack is f... but Mark is s... 6. My shoes are b...; her shoes are p...
7. What is your phone n...? -> It is seven d... five four two eight.
8. T... you very much! -> Not at all.

9. G... morning, Mr Baker! -> G... morning, Mark!
10. H... are you today? -> I’m f...

 Chun nh÷ng danh tõ sau sang sè nhiÒu

A man A baby A box A book A wife

A woman A play A watch A student A knife

A child A city A church A hat A leaf

A tooth A country A potato A cat A thief

A mouse A key A dish A house A calf

A goose A boy A class A nurse A wolf

A foot A lady A bus A bed A scarf

A person A fly A brush A car A loaf

Sắp xếp những tõ sau thµnh cơm tõ hoµn chØnh

</div>
(4)<div class='page_container' data-page=4>

1. knife/ long/ sharp/ a. ->
2. A/ bath/ round/ small. ->
3. An/ clock/ French/ elegant. ->
4. An/ plastic/ old/ bucket. ->

5. Jeans/ Vietnamese/ cotton/ green/ new/ nice/ long. ->
6. A/ old/ lazy/ man/ stupid. ->

7. Girl/ a/ pretty/ tall. ->

8. A/ dictionary/ big/ expensive. ->

9. Two/ old/ Japanese/ red/ big/ kimonos/ nice. ->
10. A/ cold/ Queen/ crude/.->

Unit 2:

Tenses of verbs

Present simple
i. Grammar : Pronouns

Number Person

Gender*

Pronouns

Possessive
adjectives
Subject Object Possessive Reflexive

Singular

1st m/f I me mine myself my

2nd m/f you you yours yourself your

3rd

M he him his himself his

F she her hers herself her

N it it its itself its

Plural

1st m/f we us ours ourselves our

2nd m/f you you yours yourselves your

3rd m/f/n they them theirs themselves their

* m=male f=female n=neuter
Examples:

Pronoun Subject She likes homework.

Object My brothers give me some sweets.
possessive This homework is yours.

Reflexive John and Mark do the homework themself.
possessive adjective The boys break her glasses.

II. Exercises

A. Subject pronoun

</div>
(5)<div class='page_container' data-page=5>

3. Bob is my dad. ………….is a waiter.

4. On the left you can see Simon. ………..is my brother.
5. Sue and Simon are my friends. ……….are twins.
6. Our dog is a girl, Judy. ……… is two years old.

7. Sue, Simon and Bob are my classmates. ..….live in Canterbury. ……. is not far from

London.

8. My grandparents live in London. ……….often come and see us.
9. What can ………tell me about your family?

B. Object pronouns

1. My sister Jane loves books. This novel is for (she) …………...
2. My children like Disney films. The video is for (they)………..

3. My brother Matt collects picture postcards. These postcards are for (he)………..
4. My parents like Latin music. The CD is for (they).

5. I like watches. This nice watch is for (I).

6. My wife and I love sweets. These sweets are for (we).
7. My nephew likes cars. The toy truck is for (he).

8. My neighbour wants to go to California next year. The guide book is for (she).
9. Here is another souvenir. I don't know what to do with (it).

10. You know what? - It's for (you).

C.Possessive Adjectives:Replace the personal pronouns by possessive adjectives.
1. Where are (you)………. friends now?

2. Here is a postcard from (I)………….. friend Peggy.
3. She lives in Australia now with (she)………… family.
4. (She)………. husband works in Newcastle.
5. (He)………….. company builds ships.

6. (They)………….. children go to school in Newcastle.
7. (I) …………husband and I want to go to Australia, too.
8. We want to see Peggy and (she)………… family next winter.

9. (We)…………. winter! 10. Because it is (they)……….. summer.

D. Possessive Pronouns:Replace the personal pronouns by possessive pronouns.

1. This book is (you). 2. The ball is (I).
3. The blue car is (we). 4. The ring is (she).
5. We met Paul and Jane last night. This house is (they).

6. The luggage is (he).
7. The pictures are (she).

8. In our garden is a bird. The nest is (it).
9. This cat is (we).

10. This was not my fault. It was (you).

E. Reflexive Pronouns Fill in the correct reflexive pronouns.

1. I did not want to believe it and then I saw the UFO.
2. The girl looked at ………….in the mirror.

3. Freddy, you'll have to do your homework………..
4. You don't need to help them. They can do it……….
5. I introduced …………to my new neighbour.

6. Boys, can you make your beds………?
7. She made …………..a pullover.

8. What happens when a fighting fish sees ……….in the mirror?
9. The father decided to repair the car ……….

10. We can move the table ………..

 Fill in the blanks with HE, SHE, IT, WE, THEY

cat and horse………… Mary……… Tom ………

Jack and I ………….. books …………. sister ………….

</div>
(6)<div class='page_container' data-page=6>

Cheese ……… cactus ………… parents …………..
Pamela ……… news ... scissors ...

geese ………. flowers ………… piano ……….

school …………. daughter ………… milk ………

children ……….. sugar ……….. feet …………..

bicycle ………… Ann and Kate ………. tennis ………….

son ………. mice ……… sky ……….

shop ………. buses ………….. papers …………

Mr. Green ……… brother-in-law …………. picture ………..

friendship …………. dolphin ………… The Riggs family ………..

 Translate into Vietnamese
1. Một ngời ăn chay không ăn thịt.

2. Chỳng tụi khụng làm việc vào các ngày Thứ Bảy và Chủ Nhật.
3. Tơi ln ln cố gắng hết sức mình để học tập tốt.

4. Mặt trời mọc ở đằng Đông, lặn ở ng Tõy.

5. Vào mùa Thu lá cây ngả màu vàng và rụng xuống.

6. Nớc sôi ở 100oC. (100 degrees celsius)/ (100 degrees centigrade)
7. Anh trai t«i k« sống ở đây. Anh ấy sống ở thành phố Hồ ChÝ Minh.

 Complete the sentences below
8. What/ he/ do/ free time?

9. How often/ Olympic Games/ take place?
10. Who/ teach/ you/ English/ school?
11. Atheist/ believe/ God?

12. My father/ always/ go/ work/ car.
13. What time/ you/ go/ bed/ everyday?
14. What/ your name?

15. What/ you/ do? And what/ your father/ do?
16. You/ usually/ get up early/ the morning?
17. What/ you and your sister/ do/ your free time?

18. You/ like/ cook?

19. Today/ the weather/ very cool.
20. My mother/ not/ like/ watch/ films.
21. My brother/ interviewer.

22. He/ always/ interview/ famous people on TV.

23. Mary and Jack/ study/ English very well. They/ not study/ maths.
24. I/ learn to play the piano/ because/ I/ like it.

25. Lan and Hoa/ not like/ English. They/ think/ English/ be/ difficult.
26. Everyday/ My brother and I/ go/ school by bus.

27. We/ not/ buy those flowers. We/ think/ they/ not be/ beautiful.
28. We/ start work/ 7.30 everyday.

29. Our lessons/ finish/ 4.30 everyday.
30. I/ not like/ the “Yes” men around me.

31. First you/ say “Yes”/ then you/ say “No”. It/ be/ so difficult to understand you.
32. They/ know/ where Jack and David/ live.

33. I/ not know/ who/ be/ you?

34. They/ look at her/ then they/ smile.
35. The computers/ not be/ mine.

</div>
(7)<div class='page_container' data-page=7>

38. You/ love/ me?

39. My brothers/ like Boxing very much. They always/ watch it on T.V in the evening.
40. My sisters/ cut the cake then they/ give me a small piece.

41. My brother and I/ live/ in Ho Chi Minh city.My brother/ not/ married and neither am I.
42. I/ usually/ get the bus to work. Sometimes/ I/ go/ motorbike.

43. You/ ever/ go to work/ car?

 Give the correct form of verbs
1. We seldom (eat) before 6.30.

2. The sun (rise) in the East and (set) in the West
3. It (be) often hot in Summer. But now it (be) cold.
4. My mother sometimes (buy) vegetables at this market.

5. Everyday, I and my brother (walk) to school because we (not/have) bicycle or motorbike.
Our family (not/be) very rich. My father (be) an engineer, and he (work) for a construction
company in Oxford. He (not/ go) home until the weekend. My mother (be) a nurse, she (be)
always busy with her work at London hospital. Sometimes, she (work) at nights. We never
(have) any holidays, because our parents (not/ have) free time. In summer, we usually (visit)
our grandparents in Oxford, and of cousre, we (take) the train. It (be) slow but cheap.

6. Everyday, Mark (study) chess problems with his father the he (watch) some model games
on T.V. He (play) chess all day and never (feel) bored.

Unit 5

present continuous & simple past tense

I. Vocabulary: body

1. head 11. nostril 21. elbow 31. chest 41. toenail

2. hair 12. chin 22. armpit 32. belly/stomach 42. toe

3. forehead 13. mouth 23. hand 33. navel 43. liver

4. eyebrow 14. lip 24. wrist 34. hip 44. kidney

5. eyelash 15. tooth 25. knuckle 35. leg 45. lung

6. eyelid/ eyeball 16. tongue 26. finger 36. thigh 46. heart

7. cheek 17. neck 27. fingernail 37. knee 47. blood

8. cheekbone 18. throat 28. palm 38. calf 48. nerve

9. dipmle 19. shoulder 29. waist 39. instep 49. skin

10. nose 20. arm 30. back 40. sole 50. pore

II. grammar

I. Give the correct verb forms: using past simple, simple present or present continuous tense.

1. Be quiet! The baby (sleep).

2. We sometimes (go) out for a dinner in a small restaurant.
3. Look! A man (run) after the train. He (want) (catch) it.

4. Look, dad! The cat (want) (catch) the mouse but the mouse (run) too fast.
5. Jack (be) usually at work at 7.30 but today he (stay) at home because he (be) ill.

6. I (do) an exercise on the present tenses at this moment and I (think) that I (know) how to use it.
7. My father never (allow) us to play near his car.

8. It (rain) much in Summer. It (rain) now.

9. Daisy (cook) some food in the kitchen at present, She always (cook) in the morning.
10. Hey, look! That (be) Tom. Oh, No, he (look) at the other street!

11. Where David and Rose (be) yesterday?

12. I (not / can / swim) when I (be) three but I (can / swim) now.

</div>
(8)<div class='page_container' data-page=8>

14. Peter (speak) Spainish very well when he (be) in Spain.
15. You (like / talk) to people?

16. I (be / born) in nineteen sixty.
17. What time you (get) yesterday?

18. Yesterday my fatfer (drive) car to work but today he (go) by bus.
19. The film last night (be/ not) very interesting.

20. Why you (not/ buy) anything for her birthday?

21. The children ……….. (play) outside now.

22. She usually ………. (read) the newspaper in the morning.

23. At this moment I (do)……... an exercise on Present continous tense and I (think) I can (do) it well.
24. I ……… (eat) my dinner now.

25. ………. (you / want) a pizza?
26. They ……….. (watch) TV now.
27. I ………. (not / like) spaghetti.

28. Keeps silent, Tommy! Your sister ………. (sleep)!
29. My mother usually ………. (cook) dinner in the evening.
30. He ……….. (write) a letter to his pen-friend every month.
31. She ………. (not / like) football.

32. Mary ……….. (listen) to music now.

33. Tom usually ………(drink) coffee, but he ………. (drink) tea now.
34. We ………. (go) to the disco tonight.

35. He ……… (go) to work by bus everyday.

36. Susan usually ….... (go) to school by bus, but now she …….. (go) to school by train.
37. Mary often ……… (read) in bed, but today she is very tired and she ……. (not / read).
38. The boys usually (ride) their bikes to school. They (like / ride) their bikes. They (be) very

naughty boys. They always (go) to school late. Today their teacher (be) very angry, because
they (be) late again.

39. Mary (like / eat) sweets. Every morning she (have) coffee with a lot of sweets and chocolate.
For lunch she and her friends often (eat) sweets or ice-cream. She (not / like / eat) fruit or
vegetables. She (eat / never) eggs or cheese. Today she (be) sick. She (sleep) in her room now.
40. Look! Jane ……… (sing) again. She often ……….. (sing) this song.

41. The girls ……….. (not / talk) now. All of them ………… (watch) a film.
42. Cuckoos (not build) nests. They (use) the nests of other birds.

43. You can't see Tom now: he (have) a bath.

44. He usually (drink) coffee but today he (drink) tea.

45. What she (do) in the evenings? ~She usually (play) cards or (watch) TV.
46. I won't go out now as it (rain) and I -(not have) an umbrella.

47. The last train (leave) the station at 11.30.

47. He usually (speak) so quickly that I (not understand) him.

48. Ann (make) a dress for herself at the moment. She (make) all her own clothes.
49. Hardly anyone (wear) a hat nowadays.

50. I'm afraid I've broken one of your coffee cups. —Don't worry. I (not like) that set anyway.
51. I (wear) my sunglasses today because the sun is very strong.

52. Tom can't have the newspaper now because his aunt (read) it.
53. I'm busy at the moment. I (redecorate) the sitting room.
54. The kettle (boil) now. Shall I make the tea?

55. You (enjoy) yourself or would you like to leave now? -I (enjoy) myself very much. I (want) to
stay to the end.

56. How you (get) to work as a rule? ~I usually (go) by bus but tomorrow I (go) in Tom's car.
57. Why you (put) on your coat? ~I (go) for a walk. You (come) with me?

Yes, I'd love to come. You (mind) if I bring my dog?

58. How much you (owe) him?-I (owe) him $5. ~You (intend) to pay him?

II. Choose a word which the bold and underline part have different pronunciation from the others.

1. A. table B. far C. cofee bar D. apartment

2. A. oranges B. magazines C. houses D. watches

</div>
(9)<div class='page_container' data-page=9>

4. A. a B. glass C. of D. water

5. A. mother B. there C. their D. thin

6. A. loves B. umbrellas C. apples D. books

III. Fill in the gaps with a suitable words.

David .……... a bank manager and Rosa is a ... in a large hospital. David ...….... up at
6.00 and.…... a shower. He leaves home...…...8.00 and.…... to work...…... train. Rosa
gets up at 9.30 because she ..…... start work until 1 p.m. David finishes his…... at 5.30 p.m
and.…... shooping in a supermarket ..…... his bank. Then he.…... home and cooks. He eats
alone ....…... the kitchen at 7.00 and then he usually………... T.V ...…... the living room. Rosa
usually comes..…... late because she …... got a lot of patients in her hospital. Rosa doesn’t...

... watch TV. She.. ... tired and wants... go to bed early.

…… ……

IV. Complete the sentences using the suggested words below

1. Yesterday / there/ a good play / T.V. 2. There/ a modern kitchen / your house?
3. Her interesting story / make me happy. 4. Peter Pan / important man / this city.
5. What / there / your fridge? 6. After school, Linda/ usually/ go/ library.

7. Last night/ I/ hear/ strange sound/ my kitchen. 8. His stereo/ not good.

9. How / your lesson yesterday? -> Well, It / very difficult.
10. Last week, Thomas / have a flight/ Lond don.

11. When / my brother/ 19, / he / study Maths / his college.
12. This morning, he / kiss / his wife / and / go to work.
13. He / always/ kiss / his wife/ before going to work.

14. What / you / enjoy / when / you / in America? -> I / enjoy / go to the cinemas.
15. Mumy, I / lose my pen / school. I / not / can find it.

16. What language / you / speak when / you / five?17. What kinds of sport / you / like / play?
18. When / I / fifteen /, I / work 10 hours a day in the cotton fields, / and I / hate / that job.

19. I / meet / John / 1999, and / we/ marry/ 2001.

20. My wife / very lazy. She / never/ help / me anything.
21. You / not / call me / when / you / in Paris. Why?

22. You / promise to send me your letter and give me your call/. But, Why / you / not/ do that? Or
you / not / remember?

23. My grandmother / usually / tell me story / when I / a child.

24. How much butter / there / fridge / yesterday? You / eat all?

25. When / I/ come home yesterday, I / very hungry/ but / I / not/ have anything to eat.

V. Give the correct verb forms.

Rita (live) (1) with her parents in Sao Paolo. She (not/ go) (2) to school but (study) (3) cooking
in a restaurant. Rita (love)(4) (cook)(5). The manager of the restaurant (be) (6) a beautiful lady.
Everyday, Rita (go) (7) to the restaurant at 8 a.m and (start) (8) her work at 8.15. Rita always (have)
(9) a small notebook in her pocket, so that she (can/write) (10) all the things she (want/ remember)
(11). Two months ago, when the first time Rita (come) (12) here, she (not/ know) (13) anything about
cooking. Rita (can / not / classify) (14) the vegetables, meat, milk, eggs, etc. Rita also (not / know)
(15) how much salt or butter she needed for the dishes. But now, she can do everything quite well.

VI. Give the correct verb forms.

It (be) about two o’clock in the morning, and… suddenly I (wake) up. I (hear) a noise. I (get)
out of bed and (go) slowly downstairs. There (be) a light on in the living room. I (listen) carefully. I
(can) hear two men speaking very quietly. “Burglars!” I (think). “Two burglars!”. Immediately I (run)
back upstairs and (phone) the police. I (be) very frightened. Fortunately the police (arrive) quikly.
They (open) the front door and (go) into the living room. Then they (come) upstairs to find me. “It’s
all right now, sir”, they (explain). “We (turn) the television off for you!”.

</div>
(10)<div class='page_container' data-page=10>

bedrooms Beach fireplace bathroom flowers visitors

alone House because about best kitchen

I live in a …………near the sea. It’s an old house,………….. 100 years old, and it’s very
small. There are two ………..upstairs but no bathroom. The ………..is downstairs next to the
..and there’s a living-room where there’s a lovely old . There’s a garden in front of the

…… ………

house. The garden goes down to the……….., and in Spring and Summer there are…………
everywhere. I live ……….with my dog, Boxer, but we have a lot of………... Many of my friends
work in the city, so they often stay with me ……….they want to relax. I love my house for many
reasons: the garden, the flowers in summer, the fire in winter, but the………. thing is the view from
my bedroom window.

III. Read the paragraph and answer the questions

It’s 12.00 o’clock now. He always has his lunch at 12.00 but today he isn’t having lunch at
12.00, he is looking after his sick patients. It is half past seven now, Brian is watching TV. He usually
watches TV at half past seven because his favorite programme starts at half past seven. Brian has his
dinner at 8.30 everyday and he is having dinner now.

It is 24.00 now Brian is going to bed. He always goes to bed at 24.00.



1. What does Brian do? 6. When does he always have his lunch?
2. What time does he usually get up? 7. What is he doing at 12.00 today?

3. How does he usually go to work? 8. Why does he usually watch TV at 7.30?
4. Why is he driving to work today? 9. What time does he go to bed?

5. What time does he arrive at work everyday? 10. What time is he going to bed now?

Unit 6

Past continuous & Present perfect continuous
I. Vocabulary: jobs

1. teach-> 13. tell-> 25. pilot 37. housekeeper 49. butcher

2. work-> 14. hat-> 26. steward/ess 38. doorman 50. huckster

3. farm-> 15. sail-> 27. engineer 39. artist 51. grocer

4. invent-> 16. drive-> 28. architect 40. fashion designer 52. beggar

5. translate-> 17. barber 29. nurse 41. model 53. baker

6. post-> 18. hairdresser 30. doctor 42. receptionist 54. director

7. police-> 19. mechanic 31. vet 43. accountant 55. politician

8. sing-> 20. carpenter 32. pediatrist 44. messenger 56. spy

9. garden-> 21. travel agent 33. psychology 45. thief 57. priest

10. paint-> 22. greengrocer 34. dentist 46. burglar 58. monk

11. write-> 23. florist 35. pharmacist 47. robber 59. President

12. report-> 24. electrician 36. tailor 48. fishmonger 60. Minister

Ii. grammar

Phân biệt cách dïng gi÷a 2 thêi

Present perfect Present perfect progressive

 Hành động chấm dứt ở hiện tại, do đó có kết
quả rõ rệt.

VÝ dô: I have waited for you for half an hour (now I 
stop waiting)

 Thờng dùng với các câu hỏi: how many, how
much, how many times để hỏi về kquả của hành
động.

 Hành động vẫn tiếp tục tiếp diễn ở hiện tại do vậy
khơng có kết quả rõ rệt.

VÝ dô: I have been waiting for you for half an hour. (and 
continue waiting)

</div>
(11)<div class='page_container' data-page=11>

iII. Exercises

1. Give the correct verb forms

a. One day last Summer, I (walk) through the local park. It (be) a hot day and I (eat) an ice-cream. As I (walk) past the
boating lake, I (see) my friends, Carol and Jim. They were (take) their dog for a walk. When we (meet), we (stop) for a
chat. While we (talk), the dog suddenly jumped up and (try) to get my ice cream. I (pull) my hand away and unfortunately
the ice cream (come) out of the cone. Now there (be) a bald man behind me. The poor man (be/ not) doing any harm. He

just (sit) on the bench and (read) a newspaper. Well, when I (pull) my hand away, the ice cream (fly) through the air and
it landed on the man’s head. I (know) whether to laugh or cry, but Carol and Jim did. When I (look) at them, they just
( not/ laugh), they were in hysterics. But I was very embrrassed.

b. When I (arrive) at this house, he still (sleep).
c. The light (go) out while we (have) dinner.

d. Bill (have) breakfast when I (stop) at his house this morning.
e. As we (cross) the street, we (see) an acident.

f. While my father (read) a newspaper, I (learn) my lesson and my sister (cook).
g. The bell (ring) while Tom (take) a bath.

h. Katherine’s story: It (be) two years ago now – about eight o’clock in the evening. We (sit) in the living room. My
husband (sit) in an armchair. He (read) the papers, as he always did. I (sit) on the sofa. I (knit). Our daughter (expect) a
baby. There (be) a quiz show on the TV, it was Stike it Lucky. It isn’t interesting. We (have) a normal evening at home,
when suddenly my husband put down his papers and (say): “I’m sorry, but I can’t stand this any longer. I’m totally bored
with our marriage. I don’t love you and I (want) (divorce)!”. My husband (go) upstairs and (pack) his suitcase. When he
(come) downstairs. I still (knit). He said “I’m leaving”, and I said “Would you like a cup of tea first?”. He (stare) at me and
(ask): “Oh, my God! Is that all you can say?”. Then he (leave).

2. Give the correct verb forms: using Present perfect or present perfect continuous

1. How long you (study) English? -> For 5 years. 2. I (wait) for two hours, but she (not/ come) yet.
3. They (live) in HCM city since 1975 and now they are still there.

4. She (read) all the books written by Dickens. How many books you (read)?
5. He (not/ be) here since Christmas, I wonder where he (live) since then.
6. Jack (go) to Paris for a holiday. He never (be) there.

7. A: Hello, Jack’s on the phone! -> B: Hey! You (sleep) so far? I (ring) for the last twenty minutes.
8. He (write) a novel for two years, but he (not/ finish) it yet.

9. Mary (lose) her hat and she (look) for it until now.
10. I (see) that film several times because I like it.

11. I’m trying to study. I (try) to study for the last hour, but something always seems to interrupt me. I think I’d better go to
the library.

12. The children are playing basketball right now. They (play) for almost two hours. They must be getting tired.
13. The telephone (ring) four times in the last hour, and each time it has been for my roommate.

14. The telephone (ring) for almost a minute. Why doesn’t someone answer it?
15. It (rain) all day. I wonder when it will stop.

16. We (have) three accidents so far this week. I wonder how many more we will have if you keep using the tools
carelessly.

17. We (live) here since last June.

18. My little son is dirty from head to foot because he (play) in the mud.

19. What’s the matter? Your eyes are red and puffy. I hope you (not / cry). Oh, now I understand. You (peel) some
onions.

20. Hello, Rob. I’m happy to see you again. I (not / see) you for weeks. What you (do) lately?
21. I (not / be) able to reach my boss on the phone yet. I (try) for the last twenty minutes, but the line busy.
22. We (have) three major snowstorms so far this winter. I wonder how many more we will have.
23. I (write) them three times, but I still haven’t received a reply.

24. A: Harrison is so good ! How long he (be) at the university? B: He (teach) here for 25 years.
25. A: What are you going to order for dinner?-> B: I (have / have) pizza. So I think, I’ll order that.
26. My uncle (paint) the outside of his house for three weeks and he’s still not finished.

27. The Smiths are presently in Tunisia. They (travel) throughout North Africa since the middle of May. They’ll return
home in another month.

</div>
(12)<div class='page_container' data-page=12>

2. Up to the present, we (write) almost every lesson in the book.
3. The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days.

4. The farmers (work) in the field at the moment.

5. How many time you (see) him since he went to Edinburgh?
6. Rivers usually (flow) to the sea.

7. Look! The boy (cry) and (shout).

8. Do you know that man, who (smoke) there?

9. We (be) from France, but we (be) in England for 20 years.
10. That house (belong) to Mr. Green.

11. I (be) sorry. I (forget) that girl’s name already.

4. Give the correct verb forms: using Past simple tense or Present perfect tense
1. I (see) her before. Maybe, I (see) her last year.

2. Tom never (be) in Ha Noi.

3. I (read) the novel written by Jack London for several times.

4. What you (do) yesterday? You (watch) TV last night?
5. He (write) a book since last year.

6. Mr. Green (teach) English in this school since he (graduate) from the university in 1986.
5. Translate into English

1. Năm nay chúng tôi đ xuất khẩu đÃ ợc 100 tấn gạo.
2. Anh ấy đ chụp rất nhiều ảnh.Ã

3. Tôi đ dịch xong 5 câu.Ã

4. Mai đ học ở trã ờng THPT Chuyên đợc 2 năm rồi.
5. Lan chơi đàn piano từ khi cô ấy 6 tui.

6. Chị gái tôi đ viết một vài lá thÃ .

7. Tôi đ học tiếng Anh từ khi tôi 7 tuổi và tôi chÃ a bào giờ cảm thấy chán môn học này.
8. Tôi cha bao giờ yêu một ai, và bây giờ tôi, 28 tuổi, vẫn đang sống một mình.

6. Put been or ‘gone’ into the gaps below

1. She was here, but she has ………to the bank. I don’t know when she comes back.
2. He has a lot of money and he has just ………..to the bank. You can meet him.
3. They have ………..to London several times.

4. He has ……….to Spain and won’t come back till next week.

5. He isn’t here. He has ………to the post-office to buy some stamps.
6. This is the first time I’ve ……….to Ha Noi. I have never ………… here before.
7. My sister has just ……….. to Washington city. She will be there for three weeks.

8. He has……….. to California three times.

9. John has ………. working in Washington for three years.
10. We haven’t ……….. to the store yet.

7. choose the best answer

1. Lan ………..Dalat last summer.

a. visit b.visits c.visited d.visiting

2. They enjoy ………..stamps.

a.collect b.to collect c.collected d.collecting

3. What was wrong……….her?

a. with b.of c.from d.to

4. Wash your hands………..meals

a. after b. before c.drink d.eat

5. Long was absent ……….class yesterday.

a. from b.to c.in d.with

6. You should go to bed early. Don’t ……….up late

a. get b. go c. stay d.stayed

7. Mai... toothache last week.

A. has B. is having C. had D.will have

8.They...on the farm now.

A. work B. worked C. will work D.are working

9. Don/t worry. He...how to fill the cavity in your tooth.

A. know B. is knowing C.knows D. knew

10.Yesterday, Mr Hoang...a new job at the Thanh Cong factory.

A. started B. starts C. will start D. is going to start

11. She looks tired. What/s the ...with her?

A. matter B. happen C. wrong D. worry

12...come to the meeting last night? - Because I was busy

</div>
(13)<div class='page_container' data-page=13>

13. My brother doesn/t like pork and ...

A. either do I B. neither do I C. neither I do C. I don/t too
14. What about...to dinner with me?

A. come B. coming C. to come D. comes

8. Fill in the missing article

1. Tim’s father bought him ... bicycle that he had wanted for a long time.

2. ...Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from ... France to ... United States.
3. Rita is studying ... English and ... Math this semester.

4. ... judge asked ... witness to tell ... truth.

5. Please give me ... cup of ... coffee with ... cream and ... sugar.
6. ... big books on the table are for my ... history class.

7. Noone in ... Spainish class knows ... correct answer to ... Mr Brown’s question.
8. When you go to .... store, please buy .... bottle of... chocolate milk and ... dozen oranges.
9. ... Lake Eries is on of ... five great lakes in ... North America.

10. There are only …….. few seats left for…… tonight’s musical show at…….. university.
11. John and Mary goes to ……. School by bus and then study in …….. library.

12. On our trip to ……… Spain, we crossed ……. Atlantic Ocean.
13. What did you eat for ……… breakfast this morning?

14. David plays…….. basketball and baseball at ………. Boy’s club this year.
15. Jack attends ……….. Princeton University.

16. ………….. chair that you are sitting in is broken.

Unit 7

Future tenses

I. vocabulary

1. rose 13. tulip 25. grapefruit 37. cherry

2. lily 14. orchid 26. apple 38. banana

3. Pansy 15. gardenia 27. pineapple 39. date

4. Peach blossom 16. violet 28. lemon 40. mango

5. Antigone 17. sugarcane 29. melon 41. peanut

6. Gerbera 18. rice 30. watermelon 42. hazelnut

7. Cherry blossom 19. wheat 31. coconut 43. plum

8. sunflower 20. oat 32. papaya 44. peach

9. lilac 21. corn 33. orange 45. bamboo

10. canation 22. oak 34. berry 46.

11. daisy 23. pine 35. strawberry 47.

12. marigold 24. grape 36. pear 48.

II. Exercises

1. Supply the correct verb tense

</div>
(14)<div class='page_container' data-page=14>

years. He just (take) an exam. Today he (be) very excited because his parents (come)
tomorrow and they (stay) with him for few days.

2. – The newspaper (come)? -> Yes, Ann (read) it attentively. It (seem) very interesting.
3. When he (be) in London, he (write) me every week.

4. - You (know) what the writer’s name (be)? -> Oh, I (forget). I (read) it a long time ago.
5. Noone knows how long the meeting tomrrow (last).

6. The boys (not/ enjoy) (do) lessons. They would like (play) games.
7. They (not/ stop) (eat) since they arrived.

8. – You ever (be) to Cambridge? -> Yes, I (be) there last month.
- How you (get) there? -> My brother (take) me in his car.

9. How long ago you (buy) these adventure stories?

10. We still (do) our homework now. But we (go) with you right after we (finish) it.
11. He (be) good to me since I (be) a little girl. I (not/ forget) his kindness.

12. What you (do) at 8 o’clock yesterday when he (come) to see you? -> Oh, I (write) a letter.
13. You ever (be) …………..to England? – Yes, I (go)………. there 3 years ago.

14. It’s difficult to get used to (eat)……….. with chopsticks.
2. Make a complete letter (2pts).

Dear Julia,

1. I / be / sorry / it / take / so long / reply / your letter.
2. You / please / know / I come / London / next weekend.

3. It / seem / long time / we / meet.

4. I / wonder / you / like / go / see / film / play.
5. There / be / new / Harrison Ford film / at / Odeon.
6. Perhaps / can go / meal / drink / afterwards.

7. Give / ring / later / week / arrange / more definite.
8. Look / forward / hear / you / soon.

3. Chän mét từ mà phần gạch chân, in đậm có cách phát âm khác với những từ còn lại.

1. A. table B. park C. cofee bar D. apartment

2. A. oranges B. magazines C. houses D. watches

3. A. hour B. here C. hello D. house

4. A. a B. glass C. of D. water

5. A. mother B. there C. their D. thin

6. A. loves B. umbrellas C. apples D. Books

7. A. chapter B. yatch C. manage D. panel

8. A. ache B. chemist C. Christmas D. approach

9. A. junior B. humour C. stew D. purify

10. A. hall B. doll C. chalk D. forecast

11. A. three B. through C. months D. than

4. Choose the best answer

1. There are chances that Manchester United ________ the last match against Juventus

A. won B. will win C. has won D. would win

2. It is six years ______________ we moved to Chicago.

A. when B. that C. since D. after

3. I am sorry. I have forgotten _________ a table at the restaurant for you.

A. reserving B. to reserve C. having reserved D. to be reserved

4. I am leaving the key under the pot in the garden ___ you should be home earlier than usual.

A. because B. in case C. so that D. though

5 Susan couldn’t help ______________ when I told her the joke.

A. laughing B. laugh C. to laugh D. laughed

</div>
(15)<div class='page_container' data-page=15>

A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. being cut
7. Doctors advise ______________ too many hours watching television.

A. not to spend B. not being spent C. not spend D. not spending
8. As soon as you hear the alarm, you all have to leave the building ______________.

A. on the verge B. under law C. at no time D. without delay
9. Jane likes watching films, but she is not ______________ keen on any kind.

A. specially B. certainly C. largely D. particularly
10. If you come to the theatre late, you have to wait until the ______________ to get in.

A. break B. interval C. refreshment D. half-time

11. Too many tests and exams have put high school students ______________ pressure.

A. in B. on C. under D. into

12. I am fed ______________ hanging around here with nothing to do.

A. up on B. out of C. up with D. by

13. My little son is learning how to ______________ his shoes.

A. put off B. get on C. take to D. do up

5. Give the correct verb forms: using Future tense
1. I’m sure they (complete) the new road by June.
2. He (wait) for you when you (get) back tomorrow.

3. At this same time tomorrow, we (drive) through Pennsylvania.
4. We (see) you next Monday.

5. In two years from now, the contract (come) to an end.
6. Who (look) after the children when you are away?

7. By November I (work) for this company for 6 years.

8. We (marry) this weekend, and we wonder if you could come?
9. I (buy) you a present on your birthday, Linda!

6. Choose the best answer

1. John likes tennis.

A. playing B. play C. played D. plays
2. What will you during your vacation?

A. did B. does C. do D. doing
3. Would you like to go the library?

A. to B. on C. at

4. There’s nothing in the refrigerator. Let’s to the market.
A. go B. went C. goes

5. English books are on the shelves the right.
A. on B. at C. in
6. We enjoy in summer.

A. swim B. swam C. swimming
7. your sister be home dinner tonight?

A. do-with B. does-at C. will-for D. did-for
8. Vietnamese students longer vacations than American students.

A. has B. have C. had D. having
9. Could you show me the way the railway station please?

A. to B. at C. next
10. How is it from Hanoi to Hue?

A. many B. long C. far
11. __________ beautiful day!

A. How B. What a C. What
12. - Where is the bank? - ______________ .

</div>
(16)<div class='page_container' data-page=16>

A. What B. Where C. When
14. He __________ travel to Hai Phong tomorrow.

A. will B. is going C. is
15. Children should __________ milk everyday.

A. to drink B. drink C. drinking
16. We are………….a play for the school anniversary celebration.

A. making B. rehearsing C. doing
17. That’s a good ………… Let’s go to the beach.

A. thinking B. word C. idea.
18. Does Nam often play marbles………….recess.

A. on B. at C. in
19. - I don’t like jazz music. - _______________

A. I do either B. I am, too C. Neither do I D. So do I
20. Phong usually _______TV in the evening, but yesterday evening he _____ to music.
A. watches….. listens B. watches….. listened

C. watches….. is listening D. watched….. listens
21. How many people will take part ________the WTS day?

A. on B. for C. in D. at
22. My mother always drives ________

A. careful B. carefully C. slow D. fastest
23. You ought to ________ to the dentist.

A. going B. to go C. go D. will go
24. Stop, please! That's too ________sugar.

A. many B. some C. much D. few
7. I am glad ________you're feeling better.

A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear
26. I would like ________ you about my school and my teachers.

A. to tell B. telling C. tell D. tells
27. I don't like coffee. Lan doesn't like it, ________.

A. neither B. either C. too D. so
28. You must drink ________water every day.

A. many B. few C. much D. any
29. Ha likes candy. ________do we.

A. Neither B. So C. Either D. Too
30. Let's ________to the zoo.

A. to go B. goes C. going D. go
31. - What's _______with you - I have a toothache.

A. matter B. wrong C. happen
32. Nam is a good soccer player. He plays soccer _______.

A. good B. bad C. well
33. Minh _______ playing football to badminton.

A. prefers B. likes C. would like
34. _______to play chess with me- Yes, I'd love to.

A. What about B. Would you like C. Let's

35. _______ a beautiful dress!

A. How B. What C. Which
36. My father enjoys _______books in his free time.

A. to read B. read C. reading
37. How _______is the blue hat?

A. often B. many C. much
38. The toy store is _______the restaurant.

A. near B. far C. between

39. Did Jane buy any _______

</div>
(17)<div class='page_container' data-page=17>

A. by B. on C. in

41. They home at 6.30 in the evening, then they had dinner.

A. are arriving B. will arrive C. arrived D. are going to arrive
42. How _______is it from Hue to Da Nang 

A. many B. much C. far

43. Ba wanted to buy some English newspapers, so he went to the _______.
A. library B. bookstore C. clothing store
44. Add _______salt and pepper to the soup.

UNIT 8

I. VOCABULARY: verbs

1. agree 11. affirmative 21. paint 31. guess 41. disallow
2. disagree 12. affirmation 22. illustrate 32. appear 42.

3. agreeable 13. approve 23. share 33. disappear 43.

4. agreement 14. disapprove 24. admire 34. appearance 44. arrange
5. advantage 15. approvable 25. complain 35. affect 45. disarrange
6. disadvantage 16. approval 26. reserve 36. disaffect 46.

7. advantageous 17. believe 27. consist + of 37. 47.

8. + ness 18. disbelieve 28. insist + on 38. 48. describe
9. affirm 19. belief 29.contain 39. 49.

10. disaffirm 20. draw 30. hold 40. allow 50.
I. Một số trờng hợp cần chú ý

Be tired of # Be tired from

 Be grateful to sb for sth

 Be responsible to sb for sth

 Be good/ bad at... # Be good/ bad for...

 Be kind/ nice to + V ; It’s kind/ nice of sb
II. Giới từ theo sau động từ

1. appologize sb for sth 1. call off

2. admire sb of sth 2. object to sb/ V-ing

3. belong to sb 3. approve of sth to sb

4. accuse sb of sth 4. participate in

5. blame sb for sth 5. succeed in

6. congratulate sb on sth 6. prevent sb/ sth from

7. differ from 7. agree with

8. introduce to sb 8. beg for

9. give up 9. borrow sth from sb

10. look at 10. depend on

11. look for 11. change into/ turn into

</div>
(18)<div class='page_container' data-page=18>

13. look up 13. arrive in

14. look forward to + V-ing 14. get married/ ingaged to sb/

15. put on 15.put off

III. Bµi tËp

Extension

I. Read the passage then do the tasks below

Joanne Ussery, 54, from Mississippi is a big favorite with her two grandsons because
she lives on a jet plane. Her home is a Boeing 727, so visit to grandma is very special.

Joanne’s front door is at the top of the plane’s steps, but you don’t need a ticket or a
passport when you visit. There are three bedrooms, a living room, a modern kitchen, and a
luxury bathroom. The bathroom is in the cockpit, with the bath ubder the windows. Next to
this is Joanne’s bedroom with four emergency exit doors, which she opens on Summer

evenings. On the wall there’s a photo of the plane flying from Florida to Caribbean. There are
also four toilets, all with No Smoking signs. Joanne says: “The plane is 27 years old. It has all
the things you want in a home: a telephone, air conditioning, a cooker, a washing machine,
even a dishwasher. It’s always very warm, even in winter, and it’s very big, 42 metres long.
My grandchildren love running up and down. And my friends love parties here, but there
aren’t any flight attendants to serve them their drinks!”

* New words:

- emergency exit: Cưa tho¸t hiĨm - cockpit: bng l¸i m¸y bay
- a flight attendant: tiếp viên hàng không step: bËc lªn xuèng

1. Answer these questions below basing on the text

a. How old is she? d. How many grandsons does she have?

b. Where does she live? e. How many bedrooms are there?
c. How old is her home? f. How many toilets are there?
2. Say these sentences are true (T) or false (F) or no information (NF)

a. Joanne loves her home. ………..

b. You neet a ticket when you want to visit her. ………..

c. The bathroom is next to the living room. ………..

d. Joanne has a small cinema in her plane. ………..

e. Joanne sometimes opens the emergency exit door. ………..
f. There is a photo of the plane in the living room. ………..

g. Joanne has got three cats. ………..

h. It’s very warm in summer because she doesn’t have air conditioning. ………..
i. Her friends love her parties because flight attendants serve the drinks. ………..

j. Joanne wants to sell her plane. ………..

II. Fill in each gap with a suitable word in the table below

bedrooms Beach fireplace bathroom flowers visitors

</div>
(19)<div class='page_container' data-page=19>

I live in a …………near the sea. It’s an old house,………….. 100 years old, and it’s
very small. There are two ………..upstairs but no bathroom. The ………..is downstairs next
to the ……..and there’s a living-room where there’s a lovely old………. There’s a garden in
front of the house. The garden goes down to the……….., and in Spring and Summer there
are………… everywhere. I live ……….with my dog, Boxer, but we have a lot of………...
Many of my friends work in the city, so they often stay with me ……….they want to relax. I
love my house for many reasons: the garden, the flowers in summer, the fire in winter, but
the………. thing is the view from my bedroom window.

III. Read the paragraph and answer the questions

Brian is a doctor. He looks after sick people. He usually gets up at 6.00 o’clock. Today he
is late, it is 6.30 and he is still in bed. He usually goes to work by train but today he is driving
to work. He arrives at work at 6.30 every morning but it is 7.30 now and he is still driving.
It’s 12.00 o’clock now. He always has his lunch at 12.00 but today he isn’t having lunch
at 12.00, he is looking after his sick patients. It is half past seven now, Brian is watching TV.
He usually watches TV at half past seven because his favorite programme starts at half past
seven. Brian has his dinner at 8.30 everyday and he is having dinner now.

It is 24.00 now Brian is going to bed. He always goes to bed at 24.00.

 1. What does Brian do? 6. When does he always have his lunch?
2. What time does he usually get up? 7. What is he doing at 12.00 today?

3. How does he usually go to work? 8. Why does he usually watch TV at 7.30?
4. Why is he driving to work today? 9. What time does he go to bed?

5. What time does he arrive at work everyday? 10. What time is he going to bed now?
IV. Supply the correct form of the verbs with PRESENT CONTINUOUS or SIMPLE PRESENT

42.The children ……….. (play) outside now.

43.She usually ………. (read) the newspaper in the morning.

44.At this moment I (do).. an exercise on Present continous tense and I (think) I can (do) it well.

45.I ……… (eat) my dinner now.

46.………. (you / want) a pizza?

47.They ……….. (watch) TV now.

48.I ………. (not / like) spaghetti.

49.Keeps silent, Tommy! Your sister ………. (sleep)!

50.My mother usually ………. (cook) dinner in the evening.

51. He ……….. (write) a letter to his pen-friend every month.

52. She ………. (not / like) football.

53. Mary ……….. (listen) to music now.

54. Tom usually ………(drink) coffee, but he ………. (drink) tea now.

55. We ………. (go) to the disco tonight.

56. ……… (he / go) to work by bus everyday.

57. Susan usually ………. (go) to school by bus, but now she ….. (go) to school by train.

58. Mary often ……… (read) in bed, but today she is very tired and she ……. (not / read).

59. The boys usually ……… (ride) their bikes to school. They ……… (like / ride) their
bikes. They ……(be) very naughty boys. They always …… (go) to school late. Today
their teacher ………. (be) very angry, because they ……… (be) late again.

60. Mary …… (like / eat) sweets. Every morning she …... (have) coffee with a lot of
sweets and chocolate. For lunch she and her friends often …….. (eat) sweets or
ice-cream. She ……… (not / like / eat) fruit or vegetables. She ……… (eat / never) eggs
or cheese. Today she ………. (be) sick. She ……… (sleep) in her room now.

61. Look! Jane ……… (sing) again. She often ……….. (sing) this song.

62. The girls ……….. (not / talk) now. All of them ………… (watch) a film.
V. Pick out the word whose underlined part has the pronunciation different from that of 
the other words

1. A. pain B. great C. bread D. break E. steak

2. A. fan B. apple C. catch D. wash E. lamp

</div>
(20)<div class='page_container' data-page=20>

4. A. full B. push C. pull D. just E. put

5. A. picture B. chair C. machine D. question E. march

1. A. much B. drug C. future D. buffalo

2. A. horrible B. hour C. hundred D. hold

3. A. meat B. reader C. overseas D. realize

4. A. chicken B. coach C. orchestra D. change

5. A. started B. weighed C. measured D. called

6. A. freight B. height C. weight D. eight

7. A. serious B. symptom C. sugar D. sauce

8. A. stove B. moment C. sometime D. close

9. A. wet B. better C. rest D. pretty

10. A. party B. lovely C. sky D. empty

VI. Choose the best answer

1. We will take part...……..an important race across the Alantic. (at / in / on / to)
2. We are very froud...him. (in / for / of / about)
3. Lan will be seventeen...her next birthday. (in / at / of / on)
4. Her birthday is on the...of July. (twelve / twelveth / twelfth / twelf)
5. I’d like... your club. (join / joined / is joining / to join)
7. ..…...hours are there in a day ? (How much / How many / How / How about)
8. I have...breakfast with my family every morning. (a / an / 0 / the)
9. Sometimes I watch TV...go out with my friends. (or / and / but / so)
10. We often have to suffer...the pressure in life made of ourselves. (from / of / with / about)
11. So far, ...no cure for the common cold and no medicine to prevent it.

(it is / there is / there are / they are)

12. People have all kinds of ideas about...to prevent and treat colds. (what/why/where/how)
13. ...……...say that you should avoid getting wet and chilled or you will catch cold.

(doctors/ dentists/ vets/ teachers)

14. You know by...symptoms that you have a clod and you feel completely miserable.
(this / that / these / they)

15. When he goes fishing , he often catches...(old boots / rubbish / a lot fishes / nothing)
16. The ...is showing them his plans of the new building.

(doctor / pianist / architect / dancer)

17. If you...the directions , you couldn’t get lost. (to follow / follow / following / follows)
18. Turn left...the station and walk past a chemist’s on your right. (out / outside / inside / in)
19. Take the Number 15 bus from the station and...at the Star Hotel.

(get up / get by / get on / get off)

20. I don’t want much sugar in my coffee. Just... , please. (a few / a little / fewer / less)
VII. Put in AT,ON or IN

1. Mozart was born in Salzburg ... 1756.

2. I haven’t seen Kate for a few days.I last saw her ... Tuesday.
3. The price of electricity is going up ... October.

4. I have been invited to a wedding ... 14 February.
5. Hurry up! We’ve got to go ... five minutes.
6. I am busy just now but I’ll be ... a moment.

7. Jenny’s brother is an engineer but he’s out of work ... the moment.
8. There are usually a lot of parties ... New Year’s Eve.

9. I hope the weather will be nice ... the weekend.
10... Saturday night I went to bed ... 11 o’clock.
11. I don’t like travelling ... night.

12. We travelling overnight to Paris and arrived ... 5 o’clock ... the morning.
13. The course begins ... 7 January and ends sometimes ... April.

14. It was quite a short book and easy to read.I read it ... a day.

15. I might not be at home ... Tuesday morning but I’ll probably be there ... the afternoon.
16. My car is being repaired at the garage.It will be ready ... two hours.

</div>
(21)<div class='page_container' data-page=21>

18. Mary and Henry always go out for a meal ... their wedding anniversary.
19. Henry is 63.He’ll be retiring from his job ... two years’s time.

20. I don’t like travelling ... noon.
VIII. Put IN,ON or AT in where necessary.

1. a. I will see you ………….Friday. b. I’ll see you ………. next Friday.
2. a. What are you doing …... Saturday? b. What are you doing …. the weekend?
3. a. They often go out .… the evenings. b. They often go out .…. Sunday evenings.
4. a. Do you work .… Wednesday? b. Do you work …….. every Wednesday?
5. a. We usually have a holiday …. the summer. b. We usually have a holiday …. Christmas.
6. a. Pauline got married ……. 1991. b. Pauline got married ….. 18 May 1991.

c. Pauline is getting married .….. this year.

IX. Complete the sentences.Each time use AT,ON or IN + one of the following
The evening about 20 minutes 1492 Christmas

21 July 1969 the same time the 1920s Sundays
The Middle Ages 11 seconds night the moment

1. Columbus made his first voyage from Europe to America in 1942.
2. In Britain most people do not work ...

3. If the sky is clear,you can see the stars ...

4. After working hard during the day,I like to relax ...
5. The first man walked on the moon ...

6. It’s difficult to listen if everyone is speaking ...

7. Jazz beame popular in the United States ...
8. I am just going out to the shop.I’ll be back ...

9. (on the phone) “Can I speak to Clare?” “I am afraid she’s not here ...
10. In Britain people send each other cards ...

11. Many of Europe’s great cathedrals were built ...
12. Bob is a very fast runner.He can run 100 metres ...

Unit 9: verb patterns

I. Phân loại động từ (classification of verb)

Ngoại động từ (Transitive verb) Nội động từ (Intransitive verb)

E.x: The referee blows his whistle. E.x: We walked across the fields.

- Ngoại động từ có thể có 2 tân ngữ: trực tiếp và gián tiếp Nobody knows where the old man lives.
E.x: My mother gives me some money.

# My mother gives money to me.

direct object: ‘money’ / indirect object: ‘me’
- Ngo¹i đtừ có thể có từ làm bổ ngữ cho tân ng÷.

E.x: We thought him clever./ They elected him president.

* Động từ liên kết (Linking verbs ) : là những từ kô diễn tả nghĩa rõ rệt, cần cã mét tõ kh¸c bỉ tóc
vỊ nghÜa. E.x: My father is a doctor.

- Một số từ liên kết nh: to be, to become, to seem, to look, to feel, to sound, etc. (sau đó có thể là 1
danh từ hay 1 tính từ) E.x: The clouds look black./ He wants to become a teacher.

II. Các hình thức cơ bản của động từ (form of verbs )

1. §éng tõ nguyªn thĨ (infinitive ) : cã thĨ cã to (to-infinitive) hoặc kô (bare infinitive)

1.1. Bare infinitive: dùng trong những trờng hợp sau

Sau cỏc ng t khim khuyết: can, may, must, will, could...
 Sau các đtừ cảm quan nh: see, hear, feel, make, let...

E.x: I saw her get off the bus

(nhng nếu ở dạng bị động thì fải có to: She was seen to get off the bus)
 Sau các ngữ động từ nh: had better, would rather...

E.x: You had better tell him the truth.

1.2. The gerund: là hình thức đtừ tận cùng bằng -ing vµ cã tÝnh chÊt cđa danh tõ.
E.x: Collecting stamps is my hobby. -> My hobby is collecting stamps.

1.3. The participles: là những hình thức của đtừ có tính chất tính từ. (Trừ các đtừ khuyết thiếu).
Các đtừ đều có 2 hình thức động tính từ:

</div>
(22)<div class='page_container' data-page=22>

 Past participles: ending with -ed hoặc một hình thức khác (ngụ ý bị động).
E.x: This book is very interesting. # I m interested in this book’ .

IIi. Cách dùng của động từ ( the uses of verbs)

1. Động từ nguyên thể (infinitives ) 
To-infinitives

Chủ ngữ (sau appear, seem, be):

E.x: To see Ronaldo is all what I desire. & To love is to believe.
 Bæ ng÷: E.x: Tommy s greatest wish is to tell Josa his love .
Tân ngữ: E.x: I forget to bring you the umbrella.

* Đtừ nguyên thể th ờng đ ợc dùng làm tân ngữ sau các đtừ sau : agree, arrange, ask, begin, care, 
choose, claim, come, continue, decide, deserve, determine, demand, desire, expect, forget, hate, help,
hope, intend, learn, long, manage, mean, offer, promise, propose, refuse, swear, try, threaten, tend, etc.

* Đtừ nguyên thể th ờng đ ợc dùng làm tân ngữ sau các cụm từ sau : make sure, make up one’s mind,
take the trouble, take care....

E.x: Tom takes the trouble to help me to London.

* §tõ nguyên thể th ờng đ ợc dùng làm tân ngữ trong c¸c cÊu tróc cã tÝnh tõ : (*)

S + be + adj + to inf

E.x: Dinner is ready to be served./ This soup is not very good to eat.

S + be + adj + for sb+ to inf
 S

E.x: He was happy for me to leave sign in the form.

* To-infinitive có thể đ ợc dùng sau những từ để hỏi nh : what, where, when, who, how, which...etc.

E.x: I don t know ’ what to say.

 Tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ hay đại từ bất định

E.x: Give them someting to drink! & The book to be rewritten is very interesting.
 Đóng vai trị một trạng ngữ chỉ mục đích.

E.x: I saved money to buy a bike.

 Dùng trong các cấu trúc của các đtừ sau: S + V + O + to-infinitive

* advise, allow, ask, beg, believe, cause, consider, enable, encourage, expect, find, force, guess, 
imagine, invite, lead, observe, persuade, teach, want...etc.

E.x: I told her to be patient. & The policeman forces me to stop my car.

 Dïng trong cÊu tróc c©u nh: to tell the truth, to cut a long story short, to be perfectly frank
(with sb), to be honest, to be fair (to sb) ...

E.x: To tell the truth, I don t know where he is exactly’ .
 The continuous infinitive cịng cã thĨ ®c sư dơng (passive)

E.x: He is thought to be hiding in the woods. (= People think he is hiding in the woods)

 Bare infinitives:

 Modal verbs: E.x: I can play football well.

 Feel, hear, see, watch: E.x: I heard him lock the door.# He was seen to enter the office.
 Let, make: E.x: He let me leave without saying anything.

 Would rather, had better, help (to), but, except: I would rather wait till tomorrow.
2. Danh động từ (Gerunds )

 Chđ ng÷: E.x: Collecting stamps is my hobby.

 Bỉ ng÷ (sau to be, mean, look...): E.x: My hobby is collecting stamps.

 Sau giới từ: E.x: Touch your toes without bending your knees! & He s good at skiing’ .
 Đi theo sau rất nhiều động từ + giới từ: give up, keep on, look forward to, go on, put off ...

E.x: He put off making a decision till he had more information.

 ‘To’ đi sau 1 đtừ có thể đc coi nh một giới từ và đc theo sau bởi danh từ/đại từ hay V-ing: look
forward to, take to, be accustomed to, be used to...

E.x: The car was broken down so they had to take to cycling.

Sau một số thành ngữ: can t bear, can t stand, can t face, can t help, feel like’ ’ ’ ’ ...
E.x: I didn t feel like talking to him after what had happened’ .

 Mind+ V-ing: E.x: I don t mind living here’ . & Would you mind not smoking?

3. Some verbs taking inf or gerund without changing meaning

3.1. begin, start, continue, can/could bear, intend, cease+ V-ing/ to-inf. (to-inf is more usual)
E.x: He continued living/ to live above the shop.

3.2. advise, allow, permit, recommend + V-ing/ to-inf.

</div>
(23)<div class='page_container' data-page=23>

4. Some verbs taking inf or gerund but changing their meaning

 Remember/ forget/ regret + to + V: future action
+ V-ing: past action

E.x: Please remember to return my book tomorrow, Liz!

I remember putting my hat somewhere in this room!

 Agree + to inf # agree with sb: E.x: I asked To to wait and he agreed to wait for a week.

 Agree to + one’s + V-ing: E.x: Tim agrees to my leaving on Friday. (preposition)
 Mean + to + V = intend: E.x: I mean to get to the top by sunrise.

+ V-ing = involve (with impersonal S):

E.x: He determined to meet her even if it means standing in the rain all night.
 Propose + to + V = intend: E.x: I propose to start tomorrow.

+ V-ing = suggest: E.x: I propose waiting untill the police get here.
 Stop + to + V: E.x: He stopped to eat.

+ V-ing: E.x: I m too tired. I stop working for a moment.’

 Hear/ see/ feel/ notice/ watch... + V: chú ý đến sự hoàn tất của hành động

+ V-ing: chú ý đến sự tiếp diễn của hành động (fổ biến)
E.x: We saw him leave the house. # I see the dog running across the street.

 Let/ make sb + V

E.x: He let me go without saying anything.

E.x: They let him see the documents -> He was allowed to see the documents.
E.x: He made me move my car. -> I was made to move my car.

 S + used to + V: a past habbit/ routine
 S + be + used to + V-ing = be familiar with

 Be afraid of + V-ing: thể hiện nỗi sợ của chủ ngữ có thể xảy ra (involuntary action)
E.x: She didn t tell him the truth because she was afraid of upsetting him’ .

 Be afraid + to-inf: thể hiện chủ ngữ sợ làm gì đó (deliberate action)
E.x: He is afraid to jump. (so he didn’t jump)

 Be sorry for + V-ing: apologize/ regret (past action or following action)

E.x: I m sorry for coming late last night’ . (past) & I m sorry for disturbing you’ . (now)
 Be sorry for + to-inf: regret or sadness

E.x: I am sorry to hear that you have been ill.
Iv. Bµi tËp ( exercises)

 Supply the correct verb forms.

1. I was alone at first, but after a time I got used to (live) alone.

2. She always thinks about her life. She remembers (go) to school the first time and (be) frightened and
(put) her finger in her mouth, She remembers her teacher (tell) her (take) it out.

3. Did you remember (lock) the car? - No, I didn’t. I’d better (go) back and (do) it now.
4. Mary came to London (visit) her boyfriend and (find) some materials for her new subject.
5. Mark isn’t very friendly (make) friend. He doesn’t talk much.

6. We stopped once (buy) petrol and then we stopped again (ask) someone the way.

7. When I knew they are cheating, I stopped (buy) petrol and started (deal) with the manager.
8. I tried (convince) him that I was capable of (manage) on my own but he insisted on (help) me.

9. I always try (come) in quietly but they always hear me (go) upstairs. It’s impossible (climb) an old
wooden stair at night without (make) noise.

10. They don’t allow (smoke) in the auditorium, they want (make) afresh air.

11. Would you like me (turn) down the radio a bit? -> No, I’m used to (work) with the radio on.
12. Would your children mind (keep) quiet for a moment? I’m trying (fill) in the form.

13. I’m delighted (hear) that you can (come) on Saturday. We are all looking forward to (see) you.
Remember (bring) your rubber boots.

14. Jack suggested (take) me one flat and (keep) the other for me. But John adised me (sell) the whole house.
15. They let us (park) motocycles here but they don’t allow us (park) cars.

16. She’s sorry (say) that I was stupid.

17. If you want the milkman (leave) your milk in the morning, don’t forget (put) a milk bottle outside.
18. The inspector asked (see) my ticket and when I wasn’t able (find) it, he made me (buy) another.
19. Does she want (become) a singer?

20. The teacher recommends (prepare) the lessons well before (come) to class.

21. Can you help me (find) my mistakes?

22. 1. I want you (stand) beside me and (hold) the torch.

</div>
(24)<div class='page_container' data-page=24>

24. Yesterday my father advised me (take) the exam to university, he said: ‘You’d better (get) a good job!’’
25. Can’t you do anything but (ask) silly questions?

26. The only thing (do) now is (wait) for her.

27. We used to (sit) next to each other and (read) detective stories when we were in the 6th form.

28. She is used to (park) her car in front of the doorgate.

29. (Love) is (believe). 30. Can you help me (clean) the floor?
31. You made me (feel) so flat! Let (go) out of my life!

32. Don’t forget (bring) the umbrella, John, It’s going to rain!

33. You always forget (take) the umbrella, John, You look like a mouse in the rain!
34. I love (collect) stamps but I don’t like (buy) them.

35. You had better (tell) him the truth.

36. He tried (get) the certification but the quiz was too difficult (finish).

37. Let us (talk) about our new building plan! 38. Jane stops (cook) (listen) to the phone.
39. She wants (go) out (work) but he won’t let her (go).

40. I saw her (get) off the bus and (come) into the house.

41. Jack tried (garden), (keep) pigs but didn’t succeed in any of them.
42. I’m afraid he won’t remember (write) to me.

43. I regret (inform) you that the job has been filled.
44. Tommy does nothing but (complain) so much.
45. Nothing can make me (change) my mind.

46. Does the city gorvernment intend (do) anything about pollution?
47. The students aren’t familiar with (speak) in English too much in class.
48. I saw John (drive) in the street but he didn’t see me.

49. Jack agrees (make) his decision again and agrees to my (interview) tomorrow morning.
50. Jack would rather (eat) ice-cream than (drink) a cup of beer.

51. Try to advoid (make) him angry! 52. He thinks of (leave) his job.
53. It’s no use (wait). It’s difficult (get) used to (wait) for a long time.

54. Ask hime (come) in. Don’t keep him (stand) at the door.
55. I’ll remember (send) you a card when I am in London.

56. I’d rather (earn) my living by (clean) the floor than (make) money by (blackmail) people.

Unit 10: comparision

I. Grammar

1. Equal comparisions

 S + be + as + adj + as + N (pro)

 S + V + as + adv + as + N (pro)

 S + V + the same + (N) + as + N (pro)

 The same as

2. Unequal comparisions

 The + comparative + S + V + the + comparative + S + V

 The more + S + V + the + comparative + S + V

 Adj/adv + er and adj/ adv + er

 More and more + adj/ adv
3. Superlatives

Exercises

I. Rewrite these sentences

1. Yesterday the temperature was nine degrees. Today it’s only six degrees. -> It’s...
2. The journey takes four hours by car and five hours by train. -> It takes...

3. Chris and Joe both did badly in the exam. Chris got 20% but Joe only got 15%. -> Joe did...
4. I expected my friends to arrive at about 4 o’clock. In fact they arrived at 2.30. -> My friend...
5. We were very busy at work today. We are not as busy as that every day. -> We...
6. Jane cooks better than her sister. -> Jane’s sister...

7. Tom is the best football player in this team. -> Nobody in this team...

8. Nothing is faster than the speed of light. -> The speed...

9. Jack is younger than he looks. -> Jack isn’t...
10. I didn’t spend as much money as you. -> You...

Ii. complete the sentences below

</div>
(25)<div class='page_container' data-page=25>

4. Her story/ more/and/ attractive.
5. Mary/ short/ of the three sisters.
6. Golden Bridge/ long/ America.
7. Amazon river/ large/ world.

8. York/ far/ Lincoln or Selby. You should go by plane.
9. This/ difficult exercise/ I/ ever/ do.

10. In my class/ Tom/ tall.

11. Oh, too much sugar for my coffee. I think/ I/ need/ little.
12. What would you like to drink? -> I/ have/ same/ you.
13. He has to works so hard because his work / not/ easy/ I.
14. I/ feel/ tired/ last night/ so/ I/ go/ bed/ early/ usual.

15. In some parts of the country/ prices/ cheap or expensive/ others.
16. Tom/ lazy and lazy.

17. Mr Bush/ the/ delightful person/ I’ve ever known.

18. The competition/ yesterday/ make/ price of foods/ cheap and cheap.
19. Charles/ hard-working/ Tom.

20. John/ much strong/ I thought.

21. The ghost/ I/ see/ last night/ terrible/ I’ve ever thought.
22. Her computer/ expensive/ I’ve seen.

23. Jack/ drive/ careless/ his brother. Jack/ drive/ careless/ in his family.
24. She sing/ beautiful/ I.

25. This hotel/ much/ comfortable/ first one.
26. This/ far place/ I/ ever/ come.

27. She/ dance/ graceful and graceful.

28. Soon/ you/ leave/ early/ you/ arrive your destination.

iIi . Fill in the blanks with the adjectives in brackets

1. Tom is ……… his brother. (old)
2. This problem is ………. that problem. (easy)
3. John is ………. boy in our class. (tall)
4. My friend is ………. my sister. (fat)

5. My room is ……… room in our house. (small)
6. Konya is ……… city in Turkey. (large)
7. The Kızılırmak is ……… river in Turkey. (long)
8. Madonna is ……….. Sandra. (popular)
9. My English is ……….. your English. (good)

10. The weather today is ………. the weather yesterday. (bad)
11. This garden is ……….. that garden. (large)

12. Elizabeth is ………. girl in our group. (beautiful)
13. I am ……… girl in the class. (short)

14. What is ……….. film on TV today? (funny)
15. Who is ……… girl in your class? (pretty)

iv . Fill in the blanks as in the example

I went on holiday last year but it was a disaster! My hotel room was.. smallerthan… (small)
the one in the photograph in the brochure. I think it was……… (small) room in the hotel. The
weather was terrible too. It was ……… (cold) in England. The beach near the hotel was very
dirty – it was ….. (dirty) all the beaches on the island. The food was ………. (expensive). I
expected and I didn’t have enough money. One day I went shopping in a big department store and I
broke a vase. It was ……… ( expensive) vase in the whole shop. But ……. (bad) thing all was that I
lost my passport and I couldn’t go back home. It was ……… (horrible) holiday all my life.

v. Complete the sentences:

DAVID TOM GEORGE
Age 25 30 35
Weight 70 kgs 72 kgs 75 kgs
Height 1.68 1.72 1.80

Salary $800/month $1000/month $1500/month
House 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms

1. (young) David is ….. younger than…. Tom and George.

</div>
(26)<div class='page_container' data-page=26>

4. (light) Tom is ………. George.

5. (tall) Tom is ……… David.
6. (tall) George is ……… all.
7. (old) George is ……… Tom.

8. (little) David gets ……… money ………. Tom.
9. (much) George gets ……….. money ………. Tom.
10.(small) David’s house is ………. Tom’s.
11.(big) George’s house is ……….. all.
12.(big) Tom’s house is ……….. David’s.

vi. Use “as ………. as” in the blanks

1. Jack’s English is worse than Sonia’s.

Jack’s English isn’t ………. Sonia’s.
2. Alper’s bag is 3 kg. Ahmet’s bag is 5 kg.

Alper’s bag isn’t ……….. Ahmet’s bag.
3. An orange is sweeter than a lemon.

A lemon isn’t ………. an orange.
4. Terry is 1.70 cm tall. Jason is 1.70 cm tall too.

Terry is ……… Jason.

5. Chinese is more difficult than French.

French isn’t ………. Chinese.
6. Science fiction films and soap operas are very exciting.

Science fictions are ………. soap operas.
7. Chemistry is more difficult than drawing.

Chemistry isn’t ……… drawing.
8. Jane’s car is Mercedes, but Sue’s car is Opel.

Sue’s car isn’t ………. Jane’s car.
9. July is hotter than May.

May isn’t ……… July.

vii. rewrite these sentences

1 . My house is bigger than your house. ->Your house…………...
2. The black car is cheaper than the red one. ->The red car…………...

3. No one in Trung’s class is taller than him. ->Trung...
4. Do you have a better hat than this? ->Is this...

5. My house is the oldest house on the street. ->No houses...

6. Vietnamese students have fewer vacations than American ones. ->American students...
7. Do you have a cheaper computer than this? -> Is this ...?

VII. Fill in the correct adverb form (comparative or superlative) of the adjectives in brackets.

1. I speak English (fluent) ……… now than last year.
2. She greeted me (polite) ………..of all.

3. She smiled (happy) ………..than before.

4. This girl dances (graceful) ………..of all.
5. Could you write (clear) ………?

6. Planes can fly (high) ……….than birds.

7. He had an accident last year. Now, he drives (careful) ……….than before.
8. Jim can run (fast) ………..than John.

9. Our team played (bad) ………..of all.
10. He worked (hard) …………than ever before.

Unit 11: conditional sentences

I. Conditional sentences

1. Conditional sentences type 1: real in present or future

-> habitual results.
-> present action/ future
arrangement.

If-clause Main clause

* S + present tense S + simple future

(Simple future can be replaced by:
can, may, must, should, ...)

* S + present tense S + present tense

</div>
(27)<div class='page_container' data-page=27>

2. Conditional sentences type 2: unreal in present

- Express the supposition or the conclusion is opposite to the real in present or future. That’s
because of two reasons:

 This supposition is clearly opposite to the real life in present or future.

 The agent doesn’t think that this supposition can be happpned.

If-clause Main clause

* S + Past tense S + would/ should + V

* S + Past continous tense (might, ...)
* S + Past perfect tense

3. Conditional sentences type 3: unreal in the past

If-clause Main clause

* S + past perfect tense S + would/ could, should, might + have + PII
 Note

* If + were: inversion

E.x: If I were Tom, I would never marry her -> Were I Tom I would never marry her.
E.x: If I were in his shoes I would do like that. -> Were I in his...
4. If, even if, whether, unless, otherwise

* Even if = even though:

E.x: You must go if you are ready # You must go even if you aren t ready’ .
* Whether...or = If....or:

E.x: You must go whether you are ready or not.
* Unless + affirmative = If + negative

E.x: If you don t start at once you ll be labe = Unless you start at once you ll be late’ ’ ’ .
* Otherwise = If this doesn’t/ didn’t/ hadn’t happen

E.x: We must get back before midnight, otherwise we ll be locked out.’
 = If we don t get back before midnight, we ll be locked out.’ ’

Ii. practice

Say what would you do if you or some other things were in these cases

 You were a King,...
 Pigs had got swings,...
 You were five years younger,...
 You were another person,...
 You could be a bird,...
 You could be a flower,...
 You could be a cloud,...
 You had passed the exam,...
 You had won a national

lottery,...

 You were the ruler of the world,...

 You had a typewriter,...

Speak these sentences in English

 Nếu tơi ở vào hồn cảnh của bạn tôi sẽ kô làm nh vậy.
 Nếu tôi là Thủ tớng tôi sẽ tăng lơng cho giáo viên.
 Nếu tôi có thể nói tiếng Pháp thì tơi đã làm việc cho họ.

 Nếu tơi có 1 chiếc xe hơi thì tôi đã kô fải đạp xe đạp tới nơi làm việc hàng ngày.
 Cuộc sống của chúng ta sẽ rất buồn tẻ nếu kơ có âm nhạc.

 NÕu t«i nhm chiếc áo màu xanh của tôi, mọi ngời sẽ cời tôi.
Nếu tôi là anh tôi cũng sẽ nói dối!

Nếu bây giờ tơi kơ đang dạy tiếng Anh thì tôi đã đang chơi cùng con trai.
 Nếu bây giờ tơi kơ đang học tiếng Anh thì tơi đang nấu bữa tôi ở nhà.
 Nếu bây giờ trời kô ma chúng ta đã đang trên đờng tới nhà hát.

</div>
(28)<div class='page_container' data-page=28>

 Nếu họ mang theo bản đồ, họ đã không bị lạc.

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form
1. If I (see) him, I (give) him a gift.

2. If I had a typewriter, I (type) it myself.

3. If I had known that you were in hospital, I (visit) you.
4. You (get) better marks if you attended class regularly.

5. I’m sorry, I don’t know his phone number. If I (know) it I (tell) you.
6. If you (arrive) five minutes earlier, you (meet) her. She had just left.

7. He (get) a job easily if he (have) a degree.

8. I wouldn’t have believed in it if I (not/ see) it with my own eyes.

Use Unless instead of If

1. If you are not careful, you’ll cut yourself with that knife.
2. If you don’t like this one, I’ll bring you another.

3. I’ll not be able do any work if I do not have a quiet room.
4. If she does not hurry, she’ll be late.

5. If we had more rain, our crops would be better.

6. The crops would have been ruined, if the flood had risen higher.
7. If you had not sneezed, he wouldn’t have known that we were here.

What will you do if you are in this cases?

 I will ... if my sweetheart loves another girl/ boy.

 I will ... if I get bad marks.

 I will ... if my car is broken down.

 If I work hard, I will...

 If you let a glass off your hand, it will certainly...

 If gravity is zero, everything will...

 What will happen if I press this button? -> It will...

 If I cut down on smoking, I will be able to...

 When it rains, I ll ...’

 If it rains, I’ll ...

Make up conditional sentences

1. Because you don’t leave immediately, I call the policeman.
2. I don’t know Sharras’s number so I don’t phone her.

3. Go right now or you’ll be late.

4. I couldn’t write to Alice because I didn’t know her address.
5. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.

6. His friends were so late, so they missed the train.
7. The heavy rain kept everybody from going out.
8. Without the air, we would die.

9. Without money, he wouldn’t have bought such a big house.
10. It was very cold yesterday, so we couldn’t go swimming.
11. Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson.

12. The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.

Give the correct form of the verb in bracket

1. The teacher will be very angry if you ……… (not do) your homework.
2. If he ……….. (tell) me, I could help him.

3. If you don’t water the flowers, they ……… (die).
4. If you didn’t water the flowers, they ………(die).

5. I ……….. (come) if I had time.

6. If you don’t hurry, you ……….. (miss) the bus.
7. If I ……… (be) you, I wouldn’t buy that car.

8. He will play tennis if the weather ………. (be) good.
9. I would be very happy if she ………. (be) my sister.
10.She could win the race if she ………. (try).

</div>
(29)<div class='page_container' data-page=29>

12.If he touches this wire, he ……….. (get) a shock.
13.You will get wet if it ……… (rain).

14. If I knew, I ……… (come) earlier.
15.I wouldn’t say it if I ……….. (be) you.

16.What will you do if you ……… (get) a bad mark?
17.If she ……….. (wear) a necklace, her dress will look better.
18.If you go near the dog, it ………. (bite) you.

19.Bodrum ……… (be) ideal for a holiday if it weren’t so crowded.
20.He will be ill if he ……….. (eat) so much.

21.If she ………. (read) the book carefully, she will understand it.

22.The children can stay up late if they ……….. (be) good.

23.If the dinner isn’t ready, I ……….. (go) out.
24.We would die if the plane ……….. (crash).

25. He ……… (not / live) in stanbul if he İ ……… (hate) it.
26.If you ……… (write) the letters, I ……… (post) them.
27.If you ……… (not / leave) immediately, I ………. (call) the police.
28.If he …….. (not / arrive) soon, we …………. (have to) have dinner without him.

29.I ……… (not / have to) borrow any money from you if I ……(get) my salary tomorrow.
30.If you ……… (invite) her to the dance, she ………(be) very pleased.

31.If you ……… (retire) soon, you ……….. (make yourself ill.
32.If you ………. (write) him a letter, he ……….. (know) our address.
33.If the policeman had seen the thief, he ……….. (arrest) him.

34.The buildings wouldn’t have burned to ashes if the firemen …………. (come) in time.
35.People wouldn’t cross the Bosphorus, if they ……… (not / build) those bridges.
36.If the family had saved enough money, they……… (buy) a new flat.

37.If I had known that he was sleeping, I ………. (not / disturb) him.
38.If I had lost all my money, I ………... (be) very unhappy.
39.If you had phoned me before you came, you ………. (find) me at home.

Choose the best answer

1. I ………. very unhappy if my friends didn’t come to my party.

a) would have been b) will be c) would d) would be

2. If the old man ………. some money, he would hire a taxi.

a) have b) had c) would have d) had had
3. If you had come in time, you ………. the lesson.

a) wouldn’t miss b) would miss

c) would have missed d) wouldn’t have missed

4. I could have heard the telephone if I ……….. so deeply.

a) didn’t sleep b) hadn’t been sleeping c) wouldn’t sleep d) wouldn’t have slept
5. If he doesn’t pay the bill, he ………. into trouble.

a) won’t get b) will get c) would get d) would have got
6. If the weather ……… good, we would go swimming.

a) was b) would be c) were d) is

7. Your brother wouldn’t have found such a nice job if he…………. a university diploma.
a) didn’t have b) doesn’t have c) hadn’t had d) hadn’t

8. You would have some money in your pocket if you………. it so generously.
a) hadn’t spent b) didn’t spend c) couldn’t spend d) don’t spend
9. If you don’t succeed in the test, you ……….. the job.

a) were not going to get b) wouldn’t get c) won’t get d) didn’t get
10.We wouldn’t be here now if we ……….. in that airplane crash.

a) were b) had been c) are d) had to be

Rewrite these sentences below without changing their meanings

1. Listening to music at home is more interesting than going to the concert.



</div>
(30)<div class='page_container' data-page=30>

 The heavy rain prevented...
3. He is slower and more careful driver than I am.

 He drives...
4. The visitor spoke so quickly that I couldn’t understand what he said.

 The visitor spoke too...
5. They won’t be able to come on Saturday.

 It will be impossible...
6. Their father got to London by taxi last Monday.

 Their father took a ...
7. How long was your flight from Hanoi to Jakarta?

 How long...
8. We took a train to Liverpool last Saturday.

 We got ...
9. The trip to Chicago was cheaper than we expected.



The trip to Chicago wasn’t...
10. It’ll be not necessary for you to go to the meeting next week.
 You won’t...

11. The child will die if nobady sends for a doctor.

 Unless...
12. I don’t have enough money, so I can’t buy the computer.
 If...

13. The secretary didn’t hurry, so she missed the train
 If...

14. Without working hard, you can’t get what you want.
 If...

15. The flowers will die if noone water them.

 Unless...
16. Don’t exceed the speed limits, otherwise you will be fined.
 If...

17. I don’t want you to come here till you have finished your work.
 If...

18. You have to get up early to catch the first bus to the city center.
 If you don’t...

Unit 11: Conditional sentences

(2nd)

I. Wish & If only

1. Future wish

S + wish + S + would/ could + bare-inf
If only + S+ would/ could + bare-inf
E.x: I wish I would pass the final exam.

If only I could pass the final exam.
2. Present wish

S + wish + S + past tense (were for all persons)
If only + S + past tense (were for all persons)
E.x: I wish I were rich. # If only I were rich.

3. Past wish

</div>
(31)<div class='page_container' data-page=31>

+ could have + PII

E.x: I wish I hadn t failed my exam last month’ .
If only I could have been there.

Ii. phrases & clauses of purpose

Phrases of purpose

1. Nếu muốn diễn tả mđích khẳng định, dùng:
E.x: I try to study to pass the exam.

I try to study in order to pass the exam.

I try to study so as to pass the exam.

2. Nếu muốn diễn tả mđích phủ định, dùng: so as not to, in order not to.
E.x: I try to study in order not to fail the exam.

Clauses of purpose

- Thờng đợc bắt đầu bằng: so that, in order that (để mà)
will/ would

S + V + so that/ in order that + S + can/ could + bare-inf
may/ might

E.x: I try to study so that I can pass the exam.

I want to learn English in order that I can find a better job.

Iii. phrases & clauses of reason

1. Phrases of reason

+ Because of + N/ N phrases or Gerund phrase
2. Clauses of reason

+ Because/ since/ for/ as + S + V

iv. phrases & clauses of concession

1. Phrases of concesion

+ In spite of/ Despite + N/ Nphrase/ gerund phrase
2. Clauses of concesion

+) Although/ though/ even though + S + V

+) No matter + who/ what/ when/ where/ why/ how (adj/ adv) + S + V
+) Whatever (N) + S + V

v. further

1. As if, as though

 ®iỊu kô thật hoặc trái với thực tế

S + V (simple present) + As if + S + V (past) (Were: for all persons)
As though

 Một hành động xảy ra trớc một hành động khác trong quá khứ

S + V (simple past) + As if + S + V (past perfect)
As though

2. It’s time, It’s high time

 Theo sau bởi thì QKĐ nhng diễn tả nghĩa ở hiện tại
Its time + S + V (past tense) -> were for all persons

It’s high time

 Theo sau bëi To-inf : It’s time for her to go to bed.

3. No sooner... than: ngay lóc, ngay sau

Exercises

I. Rewrite these sentences

1. My head seems to be on fire now. -> I feel as if...

2. I had a feeling that I was walking in the air. -> I felt as though...
3. Bill doesn’t work hard. -> I’d rather ...

4. He spent his money like a prince. -> He spent his money as if...
5. You speak like a prophet. -> You speak as though...

6. He had no sooner drunk a cup of coffee than he began to feel drowsy. -> No sooner...
7. He should call me on the phone. -> It’s time...

8. I can’t see that far. -> It’s...

To-inf
In order to

</div>
(32)<div class='page_container' data-page=32>

9. I have never been to the ballet before. -> It’s...

10. You can’t visit Moscow unless you you get a visa. -> If you...

11. John smoked cigarettes when he was a yougn man. -> John used to...
12. In countries like Britain the weather changes all time.

-> In countries like Britain the weather...

13. I would like the school holiday to be longer. -> I wish...

14. He couldn’t drive that car because he he had no driving licence. -> If...
15. It is pity you didn’t tell us about this. -> I wish...

16. He lost his money simply because he wasn’t carefull. -> If...

17. Jack couldn’t leave because he has strong emotion to Fiona. -> Because...
18. I’m sorry I couldn’t help him. -> I wish...

19. In spite of my invitation, she didn’t come. -> Although………..

20. Although she is well-prepared for the exam, she feels nervous. -> In spite of………….
21.You should have an early night, so that you don’t feel tired. -> So as………

22. His background knowledge was so poor that he can’t understand what appears simple
to others. -> Because of ……….

23. In spite of the cold, they woke up early and did the morning exercises. -> Although…
24. Although he ran very fast, he couldn’t catch the bus. -> He ran very fast …………..
25. Unless you buy a map. You will get lost in easily in Rome. -> If………

26. Although he works hard to earn money, he couldn’t pay his debt. -> In spite of……..
27. He has to give up smoking or he will die. -> If…………..

28. Jack got up late so he missed the 7.00 train to work. -> Jack wouldn’t…….
29. The teacher is sick. We’ll have no class tomorrow. -> Because…………..
30. It got dark. I couldn’t read the letter. -> I couldn’t………..

31. John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard and methodically. -> Because of
32. He left school because his life was hard. -> Because of ………..

33. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry. -> Although………

34. He didn’t stop his car though the traffic lights turned red. -> In spite of………
35. Although he had not finished the paper, he went to sleep. -> He went to sleep………
36. You speak like a prophet. -> You speak as………..

37. You should review your lessons for the exams. -> It’s time………..
38. Mary dresses up like a Queen. -> Mary dresses as……….

39. “How old are you?” -> I want to know………

40. The climate in the country is healthy, so people like to live there.

-> Because………./ because of……….

41.I’m sorry I forgot your phone number! -> I wish……….

42. What a pity! I didn’t invite Jane to my wedding.-> I wish………..
43. Oh, I don’t have enough money to buy that shirt! -> I wish…………..

44. Could you tell me the way to London, please, I don’t have a map! -> I wish…………..
45. I don’t have any money because I don’t save it. -> I wish………..

Ii. give the correct form of the verb in brackets

1. “If I (be)……… your wife, sir, I (poison)……… you!”; “Madam, I you (be)……… my
wife, I (let)………….. you”

2. Can you imagine what I (do)……….. if I could do all the thing I can?
3. He speaks to me as if I (be)……….. in a public meeting.

4. “Heaven (be)……….. no heaven to me if I don’t have my wife there”

5. I (not/ want)………. yes men around me. I want everyone to tell me the truth, even if
it (cost)………. them their job.

</div>
(33)<div class='page_container' data-page=33>

Unit 12: active & passive voice

I. Practice

 Rewrite these sentences below

1. People speak English in 44 countries. -> English...
2. They milk the cows twice a day. -> The cows...

3. Mr McSporrance delivers beer to the pub once a day. -> Beer...
4. He doesn’t usually wash his hands before meals. -> His hands...

5. He isn’t repairing the car at the moment. -> The car...

6. Now Mr Baker is decorating the Christmas tree. -> The Christmas tree...
7. Are you doing your homework, John? -> Is...

8. He has collected 550 stamps. -> 550 stamps...

9. She hasn’t sent us the goods we need. -> We...
10. Have you decorated the house? -> Has...

11. The teacher didn’t punish them for coming late. -> They...

12. He wrote many interesting poems when he was in this country. -> Many...
13. Did they interview him yesterday? -> Was...

14. Did they invite you to their wedding? -> Were...

15. When I came, they were pulling down the building to make way for a new road. -> When...
16. This time yesterday my father was teaching me to swim. -> This...

17. When we arrived, he wasn’t decorating the hall. -> When...
18. Were they white-washing the house when you returned? -> Was...

19. She had prepared the dinner before they finished their work. -> The dinner...
20. She hadn’t done her homework before she went to school. -> Her homework...
21. Although the ring was so expensive, Jane bought it without thinking. -> Although...
22. The teacher is going to give you some more exercises.-> You...

23. They are going to rent a luxury yatch. -> A luxury...

24. We aren’t going to forgive him for his serious mistake. -> He...
25. Are you going to paint the gate blue? -> Is...

26. They will employ 500 workers. -> 500 workers...

27. By the time you come back, they have pulled down the slums. -> By the time...
28. She helps me translate the English article. -> I...

29. The teacher is making us practise English. -> We...

30. He let me use his phone. 31. I can solve that problem.
32. He used to help me in my study. -> I...

33. They will have to change the date of the meeting again. -> The date...
34. You shouldn’t write your composition with pencil. -> Your composition...
35. I think you must tell her the truth. -> I think...

36. Jane has to water the flowers once a day. -> The flowers...
37. You ought to report it to our boss. -> It...

38. His painting will be exhibited for the first time by New Arts galerry. -> New ...
39. This job has to be done at once. -> You...

40. The thieves couldn’t be found anywhere. -> The police...

41. Were you taught how to apply this theory by your teacher? -> Did...
42. The jewelry must have been stolen while she was out. -> They...

43. Fortunately the machinery wasn’t damaged by the accident. -> Fortunately...
44. Do they teach French here? -> Is...

45. I never love you! 46. I can answer the question.
47. You should open the window. 48. We might play cards.
49. You ought to wash the car. 50. He must fill in the form.

51. They need not buy bread. 52. He could not read the sentence.
53. Will the teacher test our English? 54. Could Jenny lock the door?

55. She would carry the box. 56. Are you going to finish your task tomorrow?

57. What do you eat? 58. Who beat you yesterday?

 Choose the best answer

</div>
(34)<div class='page_container' data-page=34>

A. are built B. were built C. Have built D. have been built
2. They’ll be given a meal and then……….. to find out why they fled their country.

A. questioned B. question C. are questioned D. will question
3. The accident …………. While he was driving to the office.

A. occurred B. was occurred C. occurs D. was being occurred
4. We’re working hard so the work ………. By tomorrow evening.

A. has done B. has been done C. will be done D. wiil do
5. the floor in the room was so dirty as if it ……….. for a long time.

A. hadn’t swept B. hadn’t been swept C. haven’t been swept D. wouldn’t have swept
6. She is one of the girls who ……….. money.

A. enjoy spending B. enjoy to spend C. enjoys spending D. enjoys to spend
7. He ……… driving a blue car yesterday.

A. was seen B. is seen C. has been seen D. will be seen
8. The club ……….. two weeks ago.

A. opened B. opens C. was opened D. is opened

9. We………. followed. Be careful!

A. are being B. have been being C. was being D. were being

10. The prisoner ………. early this morning.

A. was hanged B. was hung C. hangs himself D. hangs

 Guided sentence building

1. This radio/ repair/ several times/ this year.
2. The letter/ must/ write/ English.

3. Their car/ steal/ a few weeks ago/ and it/ not find/ yet.
4. Lot/ new books/ sell/ that book shop recently?

5. Switches/ should/ turn of/ before/ you/ leave/ workshop.
6. Building/ upgrade/ next year.

7. This room/ only/ use/ speacial occasion.
8. Old trees/ pull down/ at this moment.
9. My letter/ post/ yet?

10. If/ I have/ time/ my house/ clean/ regularly. But I’m too busy!
11. I wish/ my exercises/ do/ yesterday.

Unit 12: active & passive voice

(2nd)

I. Theory: Các dạng câu bị động đặc biệt

1. Các động từ nh : say, think, believe, understand, report, suppose, expect, know, rumour...
đợc chuyển sang dạng bị động theo 1 trong 2 cấu trúc sau:

* It + is/ was + PII + that + clause

* S + be + PII + to + V (khi động từ trong mệnh đề phụ chia ở HT đơn/ TL đơn)
+ be + V-ing (khi động từ trong mệnh đề phụ chia ở HT tiếp diễn)
+ have + PII (khi động từ trong mệnh đề phụ chia ở QK đơn/ HT hoàn thành)
2. Cấu trúc: It s sb s duty to + V + sth’ ’

-> S + be + supposed + to + V
a. Have/ get sb do smt <=> Have smt done (by sb).

b. Các đtừ đi theo cÊu tróc: S + V that sth/ sb should be + PII

(advise, agree, arrange, ask, order, beg, command, demand, insist, recommend, suggest, urge,
propose, determine, request, stipulate)

c. Danh đtừ bị động: love, hate, like, dislike, laugh, be afraid of.... + V-ing <=> being + PII
d. Nguyên mẫu bị động: to be + PII

e. Need to be + PII = need doing (pas) # need to + V (act)

II. Practice

 Rewrite these sentences below

38. People said that he is 100 years old. -> It...

</div>
(35)<div class='page_container' data-page=35>

40. People believed that she had a good knowledge of physics. -> It...
41. Everyone believed that terrorists kidnapped him. -> It...

42. They reported that there was an expolsion in that building. -> It...
43. We expected that the demonstration will end soon. -> It...

44. We expect that he will cut down on smoking because he has pneumonia. -> He...
45. They think that computers play an important role in human life. -> Computers...
46. People believe that American police are looking for the burglars. -> American...
47. They think that the children are playing a kite in the field. -> The children...
48. Everyone believes that the spy is working abroad. -> The spy...

49. They understood that her English is improving slowly. -> Her English...
50. People say that he (has) escaped to an island. -> He is...

51. We believe that the policemen have arrested the bank robbers. -> The policemen...
52. They think that she did the exam very well and got good marks. -> She is...
53. It is your duty to clean the house early. -> You are...

54. It’s her duty to make tea in the morning. -> She...

55. It’s your duty to water the flowers. Why haven’t you done it? -> You...
56. They built this bridge in 2000. -> This...

57. I’m writing her a letter. -> A .../ She...
58. This dress must be washed in cold water. -> People ...

59. His painting will be exhibited for the first time by New Arts galerry. -> New ...
60. This job has to be done at once. -> You...

61. For a long time the Earth was believed to be flat. -> For a long...
62. What have been done to help the poor in this city? -> What...
63. The thieves couldn’t be found anywhere. -> The police...

64. Were you taught how to apply this theory by your teacher? -> Did...

65. Apples are said to be good for our health. -> People say...
66. The jewelry must have been stolen while she was out. -> They...

67. Fortunately the machinery wasn’t damaged by the accident. -> Fortunately...
68. Smoke filled the room. -> The room...

69. Paint covered the lock. -> The lock...

70. They must write to him. -> He...

71. You can play with this cubs quite safely. -> The cubs...
72. They threw away the old newspaper. -> The old...

73. He looked after the children well. -> The children...

74. You should have/get an optician test your eyes every year.-> You should...
75. She had a workman repair the roof yesterday. -> She had...

76. I want to have the photographer take my photos. -> I want...
77. Who loves Jane? -> By...

78. Who beat Jim yesterday? -> By whom...
79. Who is teaching you English? -> By whom...

80. What has ruined Oxford city? -> By what...
81 . Who wrote “War and peace”? -> By whom...

82. Who is going to run the company? -> By whom...
83. What makes you laugh? -> By what...

84. What causes road accidents? -> By what...

85. Who are you going to select for the team?-> Who...
86. What has he done for you? -> What...

87. How many exercises will the teacher make you do? -> How many...
88. How many exercises will the teacher correct? -> How many...

89. Who is he teaching to drive? -> Who...

90. How much money did she spend yesterday? -> How much...
91. They decided to sell the house. -> They decided that...
92. He orders us to send the goods by air. -> He orders...

</div>
(36)<div class='page_container' data-page=36>

95. I’ve decided to repair the roof before the rainy season.-> I’ve decided...
96. I don’t like people telling me what to do. -> I don’t like...

97. I want you to give me money. -> I want………..

98. She determines to see me off at the airport tomorrow. -> She determines that……….
99. Although It’s dark, the police catches the thief easily. -> Although………..

100. Because of the bad weather, they put off the flight. -> Because of………
101. I wish I had finished all my homework.-> I wish……….

Extension

 Put the verb in brackets into the correct form, To-inf, bare-inf, or gerund

1. I enjoy (walk) in the rain. 2. Would you like (have) someting (eat)?

3. My family is trying (decide) where (go) on holiday. I’d like (visit) somewhere different for a
change, but my children hate (sightsee). They refuse (go) out on trips if it’s too hot. Last year, we
managed (find) a holiday that suited everyone. We decided (rent) a house with a swimming pool. A
woman from a travel agency helped us (choose) a nice house. When we arrived, the people next door
invited us (have) a drink with them. We began (talk) about next year’s holiday two months ago.

Everyone hopes (enjoy) themselves on holiday, but it isn’t always easy. My wife and I are starting (think)
we should stay at home. That’s maybe the best place (spend) our holiday without every argument.

4. He agreed (start) the job as soon as possible.

5. I stopped (read) my book (go) to bed. I wanted (sleep) early for tomorrow.
6. My teacher always expects me (do) well in exams.

7. Let me (pay) for the meal. You paid last time.

8. The dentist told me (be) more carefull when I brush my teeth.

9. I asked Monica (buy) some stamps, but she forgot (buy) them, she only remembered (buy) popcorn.
10. I never liked (go) to church when I was a child.

11. Have you finished (write) that letter yet?
12. You can’t (park) your car outside the hospital.

13. They denied (steal) the money, in fact they had done.

14. I seem (have) lost money. 15. I avoid (travel) in the rush hour if I can.
16. Have you considered (work) abroad?

17. I’ve arranged (collect) Kate from school at four o’clock.

18. I can’t help (love) him, even though he is selfish and inconsiderate.
19. I offered (give) David a lift but he said he’d rather (walk).

20. I can’t get used to (see) my daughter (drive) a car.

 Sentences transformation (comparision)

1. He is the most intelligent in our class. -> No one...
2. Janet arrived later than John. -> Janet ...

3. Rome has more old building than London. -> London has...
4. She knows more about them than I do. -> I don’t know...
5. They now lived more happily than they used to. -> They used to...
6. People now/ spend/ much/ money/ food/ than/ 10 years ago.

7. She/ look/ old/ but/ beautiful/ than/ used to/ when/ we first/ meet/ university.
8. That/ most/ beautiful place/ Viet Nam/ I/ visit.

9. Travelling/ car/ fast/ comfortable/ than/ motorbike.
10. He/ love/ me/ much/ than/ he/ love/ her. I hope so!

 Sentences building (passive voice)

1. This radio/ repair/ several times/ this year. 2. The letter/ must/ write/ English.
3. Their car/ steal/ a few weeks ago/ it/ not find/ yet.

4. Lot/ new books/ sell/ that book shop/ recently?

5. All/ them/ catch/ police/ tonight. 6. When/ I/ first/ come/ this town/ hotel/ build.
7. I/ have/ eyes/ examine/ tomorrow morning.

8. All switches/ should/ turn off/ before/ we/ leave/ workshop.

9. They/ have/ house/ paint/ white now. 10. Building/ upgrade/ next year.
11. We use this room only on special occasion.-> This room...

12. They are pulling down the old theatre. -> The old...

13. People are spending far more money on food now than they spent 10 years ago. -> Money...
14. He didn’t revealed where she has lived. -> Where...

15. Has someone posted my parcel? -> Has...

</div>
(37)<div class='page_container' data-page=37>

17. All the ministers will see him off at the airport. -> He...
18. Noone has taken the table away. -> The table...

19. People say he has been in the French Foreing Legion. -> He... / It’s...
20. Why didn’t they help him? -> Why...

21. How many games has the team played? -> How many...
22. Who are they keeping in the kitchen? -> Who...

22. How did the police find the lost man? -> How...
23. How long have they waited for the doctor? -> How...
24. What time can the boys hand in their papers? -> What...
25. What books are people reading this year? -> What ...
26. Will buses bring the children home? -> Will...

27. Must we finish the test before ten? -> Must...

28. Have they changed the window of the laboratory? -> Has...
29. Is she going to write a poem? -> Is...

30. People say apples are good for our health. -> Apples...

 Give the correct form of verbs (conditional)

1. “If I (be) your wife, sir, I (poison) you!”; “Madam, if you (be) my wife, I (let) you do that”
2. Can you imagine what I (do) if I could do all I can?

3. He speaks to me as if I (be) in a public meeting.
4. Heaven (be) no heaven if I don’t meet my wife there.

5. I don’t want yes men around me. I want everyone to tell the truth, even if it (cost) their jobs
6. I would like to spend my whole life travelling, if I (borrow) another life to spend at home.
7. If I had eight hours to chop down a tree, I (spend) six sharpening my axe.

8. If I (go) to work in a factory the first thing I’d do is join a union.

9. If it were not for the government, we (have) nothing to laugh at France.
10. If women (not/ exist), all the money in the world would have no meaning.

 Rewrite the sentences without changing their meaning.

1. In spite of my invitation, she didn’t come. -> Although...

2. Although she is well-prepared for the exam, she feels nervous. -> In spite of...
3. His background knowledge was so poor that he can’t understand what appears to others.

-> Because of...

4. In spite of the cold, they woke up early and did morning exercises. -> Although...
5. Although he ran very fast, he couldn’t catch the bus. -> He ran very fast...
6. The street was so short that there were only two houses in it. -> It was such...
7. Unless you buy a map, you will get lost easily in Rome. -> If...

8. The book was so interesting that I coudn’t put it down. -> It was such...
9. She was too tired that she couldn’t get up this morning.-> She was too...

10. She went into the room quietly because she didn’t want to make e’ryone wake up. -> She went
into the room...

11. We took an English preparation course because we wanted to pass the exam. -> We wanted....
12. It was such a boring play that we left the theatre in the middle. -> The play...

13. While they were having dinner, they kept talking about their new house. -> During...
14. Though he works hard to earn money, he couldn’t pay his debt. -> In spite of...

Unit 14: relative clauses

I. Sở hữu cách

- Ch c dựng trong các danh từ chỉ ngời hoặc động vật, không dùng cho bất động vật.
Ví dụ:The student’s book./ The cat’s legs.

- Nếu có 2 danh từ cùng đứng ở sở hữu cách thì danh từ nào đứng gần danh từ bị sở hữu nhất
sẽ mang dấu sở hữu.

VÝ dô: Tom and Mark’s house.

- Đối với những danh từ số nhiều đã có s thì chỉ cần đặt dấu ‘ là đủ.
Ví dụ: The students’ books.

- Nhng đối với những danh từ có số nhiều đặc biệt khơng có s tại đi vẫn phải dùng ngun
dấu sở hữu.

VÝ dơ: The children’s toys.

</div>
(38)<div class='page_container' data-page=38>

- Nó đợc dùng cho các mùa trong năm ngoại trừ mùa Xuân và mùa Thu. Nếu dùng sở hữu
cách cho mùa Xuân và mùa Thu tức là ta đang nhân cách hố mùa đó.

VÝ dô: The summer’s hot days./ The winter’s cold days. / The spring’s coming back
The autunm’s leaving

- Trờng hợp này hiện nay ít dùng. Đối với một số danh từ bất động vật chỉ dùng trong 1 số
tr-ờng hợp thật đặc biệt khi danh từ đó nằm trong các thành ngữ.

VÝ dô: A stone’s throw.

- Đôi khi đối với những danh từ chỉ nơi chốn hoặc địa điểm chỉ cần dùng sở hữu cách cho
danh từ đó mà không cần danh từ theo sau.

VÝ dô: At the hairdresser’s; At the butcher’s
II. Relative Clauses

1. Put in WHO / WHICH

1. I met a woman ……who….. can speak six languages.

2. What’s the name of the man ……….. lives next door?

3. What’s the name of the river ………. goes through the town?
4. Everybody ……… went to the party enjoyed it very much.
5. Do you know anybody ……….. want to buy a car?

6. Where is the picture ………. was on the wall?

7. She always asks me questions ………. are difficult to answer.
8. I have a friend ………. is very good at repairing cars.

9. A coffee-maker is a machine ……… makes coffee.

10.Why does he always wear clothes ……….. are too small for him?
11. “ Bob Geldof is a singer and songwriter ………was born in Ireland in 1954”.
12. He is the famous pop musician …………. organized charity pop concerts in the 1980s.

13.“I don t like Mondays. ’ ” is the name of one of his songs ………….. became a big hit.

14.“Feed the World ” is the song …… raised $8 million for famine relief in EiEithiopia.
15.“Bond Aid” was the name of the group ………. sang the number one hit.

16.Geldof traveled all over the world. He found a lot of famous people ……….
were willing to give money for his projects.

17.Before Bob became a pop star, he had many different jobs ……….. he didn’t like.

18.Being a music journalist in Canada was a job ………. he enjoyed.

19.“The Boomtown Rats ” is the name of the group ……… he formed in Dublin.
20.Geldof wrote a best-selling book about his life ……… is called IS THAT IT?

21.People ……… know Geldof say that he is a very kind person.

2. Make one sentence from two. Use WHO / THAT / WHICH

1. A girl is now in hospital. She was injured in the accident.

A girl who was injured in the accident is now in hospital.
2. A man told me you were away. He answered the phone.

3. A waitress was very impolite and impatient. She served us.
4. A building was destroyed in the fire. It has now been rebuilt.
5. A bus goes to the airport. It runs every half hour.

6. I saw the man. He closed the door.
7. The girl is happy. She won the race.

</div>
(39)<div class='page_container' data-page=39>

9. We are studying sentences. They contain adjective clauses.
10.The taxi driver was friendly. He took me to the airport.
11. The woman was polite. She answered the phone.

12.The man has a good voice. He sang at the concert.
13.We enjoyed the actors. They played the leading roles.
14.The girl is hurt. She fell down the stairs.

15.The student is in my class. He is walking with Ann.
16.The police caught the thief. He stole the money.
17.Is the river very large? It flows through that town.

18.There is a new house in our neighborhood. It has a swimming pool.

19.The man is at the bus stop. He fixed our refrigerator.

20.Who are those students? They are talking to Mrs. Hinton.
21.This is the package. It came in the mail today.

22.I like the songs. They tell about life in the country.

3. Join the sentences using WHO, WHEN, WHERE, WHICH or WHOSE

1. She’s the girl. She works in the library.

2. Corfu is an island. It has many beautiful beaches.
3. Here’s the alarm clock. I bought it yesterday.

4. I’ve spoken to John. His house was burgled last Monday.
5. That’s the lady. Her jewellery was stolen.

6. That is the radio. I won it in the competition.

7. John is the man. His house was destroyed by the fire.
8. There is the hospital. I was born there.

9. That was the summer. I met my wife then.
10.That is Fiona Webb. She is a famous dancer.

11. France is the country. The best wine is produced there.
12.1945 was the year. The Second World War ended then.
13.That’s the hotel. I stayed there last summer.

14.August is the month. Most people go on holiday then.

4. Complete the conversation using WHO, WHICH, WHOSE or WHERE

Simon: Hi Nigel! Where did you go on holiday?

Nigel : I went to Greece …where ….. I had a nice time.
Simon: Did you see anything exciting?

Nigel : Yes. I went to the Acropolis, ………. is very famous. I also went to the
place ………the first Olympic Games were held.

Simon : Did you meet anyone interesting there?

Nigel : Yes. I met a girl …….. was from England. She knew a Greek family……...
lived in Athens and she took me to meet them. They were a very rich and kind
family ………. friendliness made me feel very welcome.

Simon : It sounds like you enjoyed yourself!

</div>
(40)<div class='page_container' data-page=40>

5. Fill in the correct RELATIVE PRONOUN

1. Did you see the man …… WHO …… stole her bag?
2. The eggs ………. you’ve bought are bad.

3. Please give me the keys ………. are on the table.
4. Is that man ……….. we saw in the park yesterday?

5. What’s the name of the lady ……….. babysits for you?
6. Tom is playing with the dog ………. lives next door.
7. Have you eaten all the cakes ………. I made yesterday?

8. How old is the man ………. owns this shop?

9. Let’s all look at the picture ……… is on page 7.

10.Has Peter returned the money ……… he borrowed from you?
11. What colour is the dress ……….. you’re going to wear tonight?
12.The police have arrested the man ……… murdered his wife.
13.The parcel ………. is on the table is your birthday present.
14.Have you met the man ………. Jackie is going to marry?

15.We will ask the man ……… delivers our milk to leave an extra bottle.
16.Is she the person ……… gave you this record?

17.We spent our holiday in a small town ………. is near the sea.
18.The man ……… married Kate is a millionaire.

19.Where are the shoes ………. I bought this morning?
20.I still write to that lady ………. I met twenty years ago.

6. Combine the sentences using RELATIVE PRONOUNS

1. Bob bought the car from a man. The man was the owner of the gallery.
2. The teacher asked me a question. It was taken from a story book.
3. Have you employed the man? I recommend him to you last week.
4. The book was very interesting. I borrowed it from the library yesterday.
5. The girls are my classmates. We saw them at the cinema.

6. Alex took the gun out of his pocket. He saw the robbers running down the street.
7. The students missed the quiz. They came to class late.

8. The flowers are still fresh. I picked them up this morning.

9. There was a garden here. It was full of green trees. Now there are only two trees.
(Relative Clause / Used to)

10.They played basketball at home. They broke the vase. It was very valuable.
(While / Relative Clause)

11. Gerry works for a company. It makes typewriter.

12.This is Mrs. Green. Her daughter got married to a drummer.
13.That man is an artist. I forgot his name.

14. We have a neighbour. His dog barks a lot.

15. I don’t know most of the people. You invited them for the party.
16. My cousin is a journalist. Her job is interesting.

</div>
(41)<div class='page_container' data-page=41>

18.Do you know the man? I asked him the address.

19.The boy is the travel agent. He is checking the tickets.

20.The gardener’s wife has just had her third baby. She has been married for six years.
21.The horse came in last. You were telling me about it.

22.I can’t remember the town. I was born there.
23.I apologized to the woman. I spilt her coffee.
24.Did you mail the letters? They were on my table.

25.The man teaches at the university. You met his daughter last night.

26.We’re studying science. It helps us to find out a lot about the world around us.
27.The man was very rich. He left a big tip for the waiter.

28.The subject interested everyone. You wrote about it last week.
29.Mrs. Fox belongs to an organization. It assista hospitals.

30.You should go to Dr. Anderson. He’ll give you a common exam.
31.We met a girl. Her name was unusual.

32.The story can’t possibly be true. He told it to us.

33.Did you buy the dress? It was very smart and expensive.
34.That’s the dog. It can understand everything.

35.My friend invited a lot of visitors. His house is very large.
36.The bus was very crowded. I took it this morning.

37.My girlfriend is very beautiful. Her eyes are green.
38.Bring me the books. I forgot them on my table.

7. Combine the following sentences using WHERE or WHEN

1. Here is the shop. I bought my new camera form this shop.

2. We will spend our holiday in the same village. We have had a lot of joyful days there so
far.

3. We enjoyed Marmaris. We spent our summer holiday there this year.

4. The library is quite far from the city center. I go and work there twice a month.
5. I’ll never forget the day. I met my wife on this day.

6. I’m looking forward to the Fifteenth of next month. I’ll get married then.
7. Do you know the restaurant? We will meet you there tomorrow.

8. John visited me last Friday. A few other friends also called me up last Friday.
9. Last week I went to see the country town. I used to live in that town.

10.Abant is a beautiful place. There are many lakes there.

Unit 13

summary

I. Spelling rules

1. Introductions:

- Vowels: a, e, i, o, u

- Consonants: b c d f g h k l m n p q r s t v w x y z

</div>
(42)<div class='page_container' data-page=42>

2.1. Những từ một âm tiết có một nguyên âm kết thúc là một phụ âm đơn thì nhân đơi phụ âm
sau đó cho thêm hậu tố. (nếu có hai nguyên âm hay kết thúc bởi 2 phụ âm thì giữ nguyên)
E.x: hit + ing -> hitting; knit + ed -> knitted; but: keep-> keeping; help -> helping

2.2. Những từ có hai hay ba âm tiết kết thúc bởi một phụ âm đơn trớc nó là một ngun âm thì
gấp đơi phụ âm đó nếu trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết cuối cùng.

E.x: acquit+ed -> acquitted; begin +er -> beginner;

but: murmur -> murmured; answered; orbit + ing -> orbiting

* Tuy nhiên với từ focus + ed có thể đợc thể hiện về chính tả: focused/ focussed và từ bias +ed->
biased/ biassed.

2.3. Phụ âm cuối của những từ handicap, kidnap, wordship cũng đợc gấp đôi.

2.4. Những từ kết thúc với phụ âm l theo sau bởi một nguyên âm hay 2 nguyên âm đợc phát âm
tách biệt thờng cũng cần gấp đôi phụ âm này.

E.x: cruel -> cruelly; dial -> dialled; model -> modelling; signal -> signalled
3. Omission of a final e (Lỵc bá e)

3.1. Những từ kết thúc bằng nguyên âm e trớc nó là một phụ âm thì bỏ e trớc khi thêm hËu tè.
E.x: believe + er-> believer; love +ing-> loving; move +able -> movable

* Nhng dye và singe thì giữ lại nguyên âm e để tránh sự nhầm lẫn với die và sing
* age đợc giữ lại nguyên âm e trớc khi thêm ing trong Anh Mỹ.

* likable cũng có thể đợc dùng là likeable.

* Những từ kết thúc với ce/ ge đôi khi cũng đợc giữ lại e

3.2. Những từ kết thúc bằng nguyên âm e trớc nó là một phụ âm đợc giữ lại e nếu hậu tố thêm vào
bắt đầu bằng một phụ âm.

E.x: hope -> hopeless; immediate -> immediately; sincere -> sincerely;
engage -> engagement; fortunate -> fortunately

* Nhng nguyên âm e trong những tính từ kết thúc bằng một phụ âm + le thì bỏ e khi biến đổi sang

trạng từ. E.x: humble -> humbly; idle -> idly

3.3. Nguyên âm e kết thúc của một từ cũng đợc lợc đi trong những từ sau:
E.x: argue -> argument; due -> duly; judge -> judgment/ judgement;
true -> truly; whole -> wholly

3.4. Những từ kết thúc là ee kô đợc bỏ một e trớc khi thêm hậu tố

E.x: agree -> agreement/ agreed/ agreeing/; foresee-> foreseeable/ foreseeing; see-> seeing
4. Nh÷ng tõ kết thúc là ce/ ge giữ lại e tr ớc khi thêm hậu tố bắt đầu bằng a hay o

E.x: courage -> courageous; peace -> peaceably/ peaceful; replace -> replaceable

* Điều này xảy ra là để tránh sự nhầm lẫn trong cách phát âm vì c và g thờng đợc phát âm nhẹ
tr-ớc e và i nhng phát âm mạnh trtr-ớc a và o.

* Có một số từ kết thúc bằng ce đổi e thành i trớc khi thêm ous
E.x: grace -> gracious; space -> spacious;

5. The sufix ‘ful’

5.1. Khi full đợc cho thêm vào sau một từ nó thờng đợc lợc bỏ một chữ l

E.x: beauty + full -> beautiful; beautifully; skill+full -> skilful; full+fill -> fulfil
6. Nh÷ng tõ kÕt thóc víi y

* Những từ kết thúc với y trớc nó là một phụ âm -> đổi y -> i trớc khi thêm hậu tố.
E.x: carry -> carried; happy -> happily

* Nh÷ng tõ kÕt thóc víi y tríc nã là một nguyên âm -> giữ nguyên: play -> playing

7. Hyphens (DÊu nèi)

7.1. Những từ ghép đợc thành lập bằng cách nối 2 hay 3 từ để tạo thành một từ, có thể viết nh sau:
a. Nh một từ: bystander, hairdresser, teacup

b. Nh hai hay nhiÒu tõ: post ofice; police station

</div>
(43)<div class='page_container' data-page=43>

* Note 1: Dùng dấu nối khi từ ghép đã trở nên quen thuộc qua một thời gian sử dụng, và dấu nối
có thể đợc bỏ đi: toothbrush. Tuy nhiên điều này kô thờng xảy ra và ngời Anh bản xứ thờng dùng:
toothbrush, tooth brush, tooth-brush ở những thời điểm khác nhau.

* Note 2: Kô đợc bỏ dấu nối trong những trờng hợp sau

+) Khi cách phát âm hay nghĩa của từ kô rõ ràng nếu bỏ chúng ®i.
E.x: co-operate; re-cover

+) Những từ ghép đợc tạo từ những câu đặc biệt:

E.x: a do-it-yourself shop; a go-as-you-please railway tickets

+) Trong những cụm tính từ liên quan đến tuổi, kích cỡ, cân nặng, khoảng thời gian
E.x: a five-year-old child; a ten-ton vehicle; a five-minute interval; a six-foot wall
Ii. những động từ dễ nhầm lẫn

Đó là những động từ trong bảng sau:

Ngoại động từ

Raise raised raised raising

lay laid laid laying

set set set setting

Các động từ này rất dễ gây nhầm lẫn về mặt ngữ nghĩa, chính tả hoặc phát âm, cần phân biệt
chúng bằng ngữ cảnh trong các câu cụ thể.

TO RISE- từ dâng lên (động từ này không cần tân ngữ)

VÝ dô: The sun rises early in the summer./ When the bell rings, the students rise from their seats.
When oil and water mix, oil rises to the top/ It must be late; the moon has risen.

Prices have risen more than ten percent in a very short time.
TO RAISE (smb, sth) - Nâng ai, cái gì lên - Động từ địi hỏi 1 tân ngữ.

VÝ dô:The students raise their hands in class./ The weighlifter raises the barbell over it’s head.
The crane raised the car out of the lake./ Mr. Daniels has raised his tenants’ rent another fifteen
dollars./ The OPEC have raised the price of oil.

TO LIE : ë t¹i , n»m.

- To lie in : ở tại nơi nào.
- To lie down : nằm xuống
- To lie on : nằm trên.

Động từ này rất dễ nhầm lẫn với to lie (nói dối) phải phân biệt nó với to lie trong mẫu câu :
To lie to smb.

VÝ dô: The university lies in the Western section of town./ If the children are tired, they should lie
down for a nap./ Maria Elena lay on the beach for three hours yesterday sunbathing.

( trong câu này hành động sunbath xảy ra song song với việc nằm trên bãi biển nên dùng
sunbathing - nh phần lý thuyết ở trên đã trình bày)

The old dog just lay on the grass watching the children at play.
( 2 hành động nằm và xem xảy ra đồng thời nên dùng watching....)
Don’t disturb Mary; she has lain down for a rest.

That old rug had lain in the corner for many years before it was put in the garage.
TO LAY (smth, smb): đặt, để ai đó, cái gì lên trên bề mặt

- To lay on : đặt trên.
- To lay in : đặt vào.
- To lay down : đặt xuống.
L

u ý : Nguyên thể và hiện tại của động từ này rất dễ nhầm lẫn với thời quá khứ của động từ to lie,
cần phân biệt chúng theo ngữ cảnh.

VÝ dô: Don’t lay your clothes on the bed./ The boy lays his books on the table every day.
The enemy soldiers laid down their weapons and surrendered.

= The enemy soldiers laid down their weapons surrendering.

Nội động từ

</div>
(44)<div class='page_container' data-page=44>

The children laid their toys on the floor when they had finished using them.
The nurse laid the baby in crib.

TO SIT: ngåi

- To sit in : ngåi trong, ngåi ë.

- To sit on : ngåi trªn. - To sit down : ngåi xuèng.
VÝ dô:We are going to sit in the fifth row at the opera.

Bullfight fans sit in the shade because it is cool.
Because the weather was nice, we sat on the patio.
After swimming, Bob sat on the beach to dry off.
L

u ý : Không đợc nhầm lẫn động từ này với to seat ( có sức chứa, có chỗ ngồi)
Ví dụ: This studium can seat 100.000 people.

TO SET : đặt để ( tơng đơng với to put).
L

u ý : Động từ này rất dễ lẫn phát ©m vãi simple past cđa to sit ( sat).
VÝ dơ:The little girl helps her father (to) set the table every night.
The carpenters set their tools in the box at noon and go to lunch.
The botanist set her plants in the sun so that they would grow.
After carrying her son from the car, the mother set him in his crib.
Don’t set the chocolate near the oven or it will melt.

No sooner had they set the roast in the oven, than the electricity went out.
Một số thành ngữ dùng với các động từ này.
To lay off (workers, employees) - Dãn thợ, cho nghỉ bớt, cho tạm nghỉ.
To set (broken bone) in : bó xơng gẫy vào trong ...

To set one’s arlam for + time: để đồng hồ báo thức vào lúc.

Ví dụ: I set my alarm for 6 am everyday.

To set fire to (smth) : làm cháy.

Ví dụ: While playing with matches, the children set fired to the sofa.

</div>