Bài giảng TAI LIEU ON VAO LOP 10

I. CÁC THÌ CĂN BẢN
The simple present
Công thư
́
c
Ca
́
ch du
̀
ng:
 !"#$%&'()
*Chu
́
y
́

•  #%+,%-%.% /!01!&2,&,!002#342&#44&2&40#2454 
The present continuous67
Công thức
Cách dùng:
! !"
*Chú ý:
•  #%+,%-%.% /#12!7 4&42!4#42!&4#8
9
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 ?#&4!4 #1
 4%#444@4 &! 44!4!4 !0!7 4&4
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! #0!
 C4! 404!53# 44!4 !&454#D%0#%=
 E4 &1!0=#&%##0## #1
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The simple pastG,.=H
Công thức

Cách dùng:
I !.%J #G,.=H
*Chú ý:
 #%+,%-%.% /4&4 !20!&144=20!&#20!&4! 2!#%.%+

ORDINARY VERB
KLKM
&N4&
O
PLK#QN#4&QKM
@! 4
O
R#N#4&KLKM
@! 4
OR
TOBE
KLK!N&N! 4O
PLK!N&N! 4K#O
RS&NT 4KLKOR
=#1 @40454 4! &44 &400 1&
,4 &! !4 0#54 0=4 1! &#,
!54 44 !774! &44 !&4 #1
KL !N&N! 4 MU
PL !N&N! 4K# MU
RS&NT 4 L MUOR
ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG
KLKM


N4

O
PLKQKM
@! 4
O
RKLKM
@! 4
OR
TOBE
KLK1!&N14 4O
PLK1!&N14 4K#O
RC!&NC4 4KLKOR
Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Công thứcLK1!&N14 4KM

Cách dùng:
I !.%J #G,.=H
VC!14 4#,#at 7 o’clock last nightR
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=!
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:
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:

V43!01!&&0447when4!0!%!4
)B!
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 !&#&# #G,!

:
=
:
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VW3!4 1!&1!%M104#04 @ #4 &14 470!54#!4&
*Chú ý
•  #%+,%-%.%/1421042!&
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9
!!
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F
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:
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
The simple future0!
Công thức
Cách dùng:
&X ! #0!
*Chú ý:
 #%+,%-%.% /## #12#24O2Y8)
9
!
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VW3!0100@,04#,&444! 
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành
Công thứcLK!54N!&KZZ
Cách dùng:
!
B
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>
 ! #G,!
:
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VE#10#!54#,04! 4V0&R
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VS!54&44&30 444&
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 !
VL4!&[,&%#4@!%=3 #\LT
*Chú ý: #%+,%-%.% /!0 4!2#O42&#3! 2,7##120!402 4%402
&%423# 2454
Thì qua
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khư
́
hoàn thành
Công thứcLK!KZZ
Cách dùng:
• !
>
 ! 
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9
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9
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•  #%+,%#
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VT34 ?#had washed&%0#4&24began#&,
]4# 4had waited3# #4#, @43# 44@,&came


WILL / SHALL
KLK100N&!00KM
@! 4
O
PLK100N&!00K#KM
@! 4
O
RC00NL!00KLKM
@! 4
OR
BE GIONG TO
KLK@4##KM
@! 4
O
PLK@4##K#KM
@! 4
O
R^4##KLKM
@! 4
OR
• BEFOREG,!
:
=
:
2G,!
:
=
:
#!
<

!
<

• AFTERG,!
:
=
:
#!
<
!
<
2G,!
:
=
:

• _,!
:
=
:
#!
<
!
<
BEFOREG,!
:
=
:

• _,!

:
=
:
AFTERG,!
:
=
:
#!
<
!
<

Exercise: Supply the correct tense for the verbs in brackets
 S@4!01!&#&,4 E,4
 C4###4%4!0!&@4%!,&414@4@,&
* L#=@4@!3# #, 4!0
` E#!7 !%&4&74!=V0&454 !
a b!#!54!4!04!!#0!&#
c C4#!54%0!&&4&## #1
d b##=e4%0 4##4 #41# =4&0447
f g,&,!00##&%##0@@=4^,#!&41!0=#&%##0
h b!&144=4#%# 300!%!54##
i A4#2V0&4!%4 ##V0!
 W@ #4 @,OOOO4!411!%#0!&@ !
 C4##OOOO#4%4!0!&@4%!,&414@4OOOO@,&
* #  1!%  OOOOM  454     j4&4 !  4  1!%  OOOO  4
!34 ##@4%!,&44 4@4OOOO!4%3##@!00!%#M
` C4#!54%0!&&4&## #1
a C#,0#,0=4&44!#54R
c C!#,#0!&144=4R

d L4#1!%4045&#454 
f &4%4100!=4#,3440@44 
h ?###4&# 4@43# 44##4
i ?4!441!&47744&!34 &4%#70444474 4
* SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT
Remember that the subject and verb in a sentence must agree in person and number.
V44045!# 1# =&54 1400
44045!# &1# =54 1400
Very often, if the subject and verb are separated, they will be separated by a prepositional phrase.
The prepositional phrase has no effect on the verb.
V4&,#30!,!4&is54 4 4&
L454 !04# 4&#&&,@[4%!54@447 #7#&4
The following expressions also have no effect on the verb
V4 !% 4&&2!0#14 !!4 
!&#4 3 4&2&##!7! 
#
W k#@@&2!%%#7!4@&134!%0 42&! 5#
*
LKl7 47#&#!07 !&4mK54 @
#44 1 !0#1
!%%#7!4@ !&1400!&
NoteIf the conjunction and is used instead of one of these phrases, the verb would then be plural.
V4!% 4&&!4 !!4 ! 4##!7! #
ExerciseChoose the correct form of the verb in parentheses in the following sentences
 ?#2!0#1143 4&2&N! 470!!7! 
 47%, 4#34&#04 &@ N@ &@!%=!4# 4&
* 4G,!0#34&4 4%# &&N! 4#54 ##
` 44334%&#%! 44&#=!54N!&@447 #54#@44 440! 3,0
a W ?#4&2!%%#7!4@&454 !04@4 &#34%#442!54N!&7 #7#&4&#4
%!4&#34 ,04&

II. CÂU AO ƯỚC
!Future wish
n
L,@[4%%!@44&!4# 334 4
V
 C41&!#,%#,0%#4#47! #j#,%!Q%#4
 S1&!#,1#,0&#7&!!j#,7 #@!@01#Q&#7
* L41&4&!&414 4%#1,&L4&#%#1,&
@present wish
V
 S1&!S!4#,4#3&#41# =S#Q!544#,4
 C41&!414 4#04#,#%#41,&E4&##04#,
* 41&!4Q!54###%0!&&#!4!54###%0!&&
%past wish
V
 S1&!Shad washed4%0#4&4&4 !SQ1!&4%0#4&
 L41&4&!&4could have been4 4L4%#,0Q@44 4
* C41&!14had had# 440!&C4Q!54# 44
ExerciseL44%4 !&3# !#
 W134%!Q&74!=o 4%
S1&
`
&,@[4%
n
K1&K!K&,@[4%
n
K %#,0K54 @
1#,0K54 @
14 4KM


&,@[4%
n
K1&K!K&,@[4%
n
K7!&&,@[,54
L,@[4%
n
K1&K!K&,@[4%
n
K 7!&74 34%
%#,0!54KZZ
 C!!7#,3!04#,  54&
S1&
* L41#Q5&4!!
S1&
` SQ#!00#! 4
S1&
a E4&!p]##0,%=eq
E4
c # 4 44@,4&4%#P!%! 
#1&4
d j#,Q 4!=!0##3#&4
S1&
f SQ&# !SQ3&#41# =0!&
S1&
h g4,W&!&4 14 4&&
g4,W1&4&
i g!0#&4 !@!
g!1&4
III. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN

Điều kiện có thể xảy ra7 #@!@04%##&
 #rS30#2r%s"20!2#$%0
WrSo Wr%s
L7047 4&4 o,, 4
Z 4&4
S74 !54
 S3#,##4 ,&# 42@,4!&#3 =
 S3W! %!00&2SQ00544 #4%#%4 
* S3W! &#,0%!002SQ00544 #4%#%4 
 #0#2rS3",)2%tu0 #5svH*%w%-&x
v/&#,0Ay!z=;=.%!,{!5svH5H*# /%.%
&#,0|%40 J }M&#,0%w%-&'=~%•%%•5r
=8W! }
Điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại7 4&4P, 4!0%##&
WrSo Wr%s
L7047!&
@414 4
LK1#,0N&#,0N%#,0NK@! 4U3
 S3S!4#42S1#,0@,!## %%04
 S3?#14 44 424%#,03470,@
Điều kiện không có thật ở quá khứ7!&P, 4!0%##&
WrSo Wr%s
Z!&74 34%LK!KZZ LK1#,0N&#,0N%#,0NK!54KZZ
 S3S!=#1#,14 4&%=2S1#,0!54!4#,&#4&#,7
€+2%+,%-y!0;I=;@6@@J@5%-@I6@
 S3#,!@444 44&4 !2#,%#,0!54&44Z!
 #5sv2 • 0@I=;%-$"+;G,!
‚tu%5svr,%ƒ%.%,„"G,.=H2%H=;7"
/S3t7@(@6|%r3A=;70t%#-%w
Chú ý các trường hợp đặc biệt sau

Loại 1: Should
a