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Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

TRƯỜNG ………………….
KHOA…………………

TIỀU LUẬN
Đề tài:
Thiết bị sấy băng tải


Trang 1/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

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
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#$%&'()*+,-'*./01
234
#56##789:
982;5<#!"=7
9>=>?
4@&AB((C(D*&A/E-F*@'AFG*&HI"/J/1A@FKL$&('(HGMN&H*&KKF*&HI
3??$--OPQQB((CEH((H'KL(1QB((CER
*ASGT13'UVMOF*&-EKLSDF(&-L(+KFMAWS@&AB((CX(DX&A/E-F*@'XFG*&H
MK*SY4+*LOZYC[O\9]
V@&AB((C(DD((AK&H*&KKF*&HOF@L-*LKIUK&&K-$^@'K&-@EIN&F*W/K(-E-K*&I
#@/'*&H$KL$&('(HGMN&H*&KKF*&H3??4]
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i92#"Ijj4
NỘI DUNG TIỂU LUẬN
♫☺♫


1 KHÁI NIỆM
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Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

'f1{-W/_-F`&$C$c&H‚&mb&$Im{01Ly@+,-'*./-$@Gm‚*-$K(C$c&HH*@&+f-$u*
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TĨNH LỰC HỌC CỦA QUÁ TRÌNH SẤY
VẬT LIỆU ẨM
Phân loại vật liệu ẩm
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Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

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1.1.1. Các dạng liên kết trong vật liệu ẩm
_L'*•&Ca-H*†@01+}*+,-C$cLdz&$$n•&HFe-'}&ma&W/_-F`&$EeGd
E…L$*O$q*A*’&B*a&Ly@W/_-F`&$EeG,-01-$nu&H'f-,O$oOLy@B@O$@PF•&I
'k&H+fC$xŽ$~*•_L+,-F•&mK1m*EeG-$nu&H'fL_L+,-TqO1@(Ap&$(sLCK(
TqO1@(Ap&F(&HL_L1@(Ap&LdL$r@01'k&HLh&H+}*$•&$oO$~*C$xLd-$‹
-xL$Fe-'}&Ž-$‹-xL$TqO•&$n&H-–'.C$q*'no&HLy@&dE(+}*O$v&F•&+fO$v&01
'k&HLd-$‹BkW/@(+,G-F(&HC—-$/,-EeG-$nu&HL(*+,--$‹L$˜H”1O$v&F•&
C$c+fL$e-'k&H
g@+f(Bz&L$e-Ly@'*.&Ca-&Hnu*-@TaO-$f&$B@&$d1'*•&Ca-L$x&$P'*•&
Ca-$(_$„LI'*•&Ca-$(_'Œ+f'*•&Ca-L~'Œ
1.1.1.1. Liên kết hoá học
*•&Ca-$(_$„LH*†@01+f+,-C$cFe-B|&+†&H-F(&HmdIL_LO$%&-™&n}L
mš-F•-$f&$1{-B{O$,&-F(&H-$f&$O$v&$(_$„LLy@O$%&-™+,-01()*01&fG
H„*'f01'*•&Ca-L$˜Ld-$‹-_L$F@C$*LdO$z&r&H$(_$„L+f-$nu&HO$z*&/&H
&d&Hma&&$*.-m{L@(@/C$*-_L$01-x&$L$e-$(_'ŒLy@+,--$@Gm‚*!1&fGLd
-$‹-”&-)*•A)&H'*•&Ca-O$%&-™&$n-F(&H1/q*$GAF@-"H'


\

=$(sL•A)&H
'*•&Ca-*(&&$n@Ž=•


F(&HW/_-F`&$EeGŽ&$*.-m{3j‡3j
(
•C$c&H-_L$mnoL01'*•&Ca-$d@
$„L
1.1.1.2. Liên kết hoá lý
*•&Ca-$(_'ŒC$c&Hm‘*$k*&H$*•1&Hs-+|-–'.-$f&$O$v&'*•&Ca-d$@*
'()*P'*•&Ca-$eOO$wŽ$eO-$w•+f'*•&Ca--$01-$e/*•&Ca-$eOO$wLy@&n}LLd
H•&'*|&+}*L_L$*.&-no&HTzGF@-F•&B|1s-H*}*$)&Ly@L_LO$@ŽF•&$(sL'k&H•
_L+,-01-$nu&H'f&$†&H+,-CK(ILdLe--)($)-9_&Cx&$-n~&Hmn~&HLy@$)--ˆ
3j
?
3j
4
1(Le/-)($)-&•&+,-CK(LdB|1s-B•&-F(&HFe-'}&`+,G&dLd
&t&H'no&HB|1s--gA(m_&HC‹U$*-*aOT‰L+}*C$c&HC$x01$@G-FgL-*aO+}*
01I01E…T%1&$,O+f(L_LB|1s--gA(&fG-)(-$f&$'*•&Ca-$eOO$wH*†@01+f
B|1s-
Trang 4/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

*•&Ca--$01-$e/'fEg'*•&Ca-$(_'ŒH*†@&n}L+f+,-F•&C$*LdEgL$•&$
'.L$&”&Hm{L_LL$e-$(f-@&•-F(&H+f&H(f*-aBf(U$*&n}L•B|1s-+,--$‹B@G
$~*-$` &”&Hm{Ly@A/&HAbL$•md-t&H'•&+f&n}L•E%/B•&-F(&HE…-$e1F@

&H(f*HnoL')*IC$*-@ms-+,--$‹+f(-F(&H&n}L-$`&n}LE…-$e1+f(-F(&H
1.1.1.3. Liên kết cơ lý
2%G'fA)&H'*•&Ca-H*†@01+f+,-'*./mnoL-)(-$f&$A(ErLLt&HB|1s-
Ly@01-F(&HL_L1@(Ap&$@G-F•&B|1s-&H(f*Ly@+,-*•&Ca-L~$„LB@(H”1
'*•&Ca-Le/-F‰LI'*•&Ca-1@(Ap&+f'*•&Ca-Ax&$n}-
*•&Ca-Le/-F‰LP'f'*•&Ca-H*†@01+f+,-'*./$`&$-$f&$-F(&HW/_-F`&$
$`&$-$f&$+,-xAwP&n}L•-F(&HL_L-aBf(m{&H+,-IA(+,-mc&HmsLC$*&dLd
L$r@E›&&n}L2‹-_L$01-F(&H-Fnu&H$oO'*•&Ca-Le/-F‰L-@Ld-$‹'f1L$(01
B@G$~*I&œ&œO+,-$(sLO$_+“Le/-F‰L+,-I@/C$*-_L$01I+,-BbB*a&A)&H
&$*|/ILd-$‹-$@Gm‚*-x&$L$e-+f-$,1L$x-$@Gm‚*Lz-F)&H-$_*O$@
*•&Ca-1@(Ap&P&$*|/+,-01LdLe/-)(1@(W/z&F(&HL_L+,--$‹&fG
Ld+cEqL_L1@(W/z&_L+,--$‹&fGC$*m‹-F(&H&n}LI&n}LE…-$K(L_L1@(
W/z&T%1&$,O+f(+,--$‹U$*+,--$‹&fGm‹-F(&H1c*-Fnu&HC$c&HC$x01-$`$~*
&n}LE…&Hn&H-w-F•&B|1s-1@(W/z&+f-$K(L_L1@(W/z&T%1&$,O+f(-F(&H
+,--$‹
*•&Ca-Ax&$n}-P'f'*•&Ca-A(&n}LB_1Ax&$+f(B|1s-+,-!1'*•&Ca-
Ax&$n}-A’-_L$C$k*+,-Bl&HO$n~&HO$_OB@G$~*m”&H-$u*Ld-$‹-_L$F@Bl&H
L_LO$n~&HO$_OL~$„L&$nP'@/I-$e1I-$‚*I+•-
1.1.2. Các đặc trưng trạng thái ẩm của vật liệu
$†&H+,-mK1m*EeG-$nu&HL$r@1{-'no&H01&$e-mb&$F(&HW/_-F`&$
EeG01IL$e-'k&HB@G$~*Im{01Ly@&dH*z1m*F)&H-$_*Ly@+,-'*./01mnoLT_L
mb&$B•*m{01+f&$*.-m{Ly@&d
1.1.2.1. Độ ẩm tuyệt đối
9kW/@C$q*'no&HC$x+f$~*C$c&Hm_&HC‹I&Hnu*-@Ld-$‹L(*+,-'*./01'f
$•&$oOL~$„LH*†@L$e-C$c-/G.-mq*+f01
1S1
(
X[
•m%GP1PC$q*'no&H&H/G•&+,-'*./01
 1

(
PC$q*'no&HL$e-C$c-/G.-mq*
Trang 5/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

 [Ž$(sL1&•PC$q*'no&H01
Độ ẩm tuyệt đốiP'f-–EqH*†@C$q*'no&H01[+fC$q*'no&HL$e-C$c-/G.-
mq*1
(
Ly@&H/G•&+,-'*./P
Žž•
i-$@Gm‚*-ˆjma&$
*†@C$q*'no&HL$e-C$c1
j
IC$q*'no&HL$/&H1+fm{01-/G.-mq*iLd
1q*W/@&$.P
1.1.2.2. Độ ẩm tương đối
f-–EqH*†@C$q*'no&H01[-F•&C$q*'no&HL$/&HLy@&H/G•&+,-'*./P
3jjŽž•
Ym{01-n~&Hmq*Ly@&H/G•&'*./01-$@Gm‚*-ˆjma&3}*YSj&H$ƒ@'f
+,-'*./C$c-/G.-mq*Ÿ+}*1
j
SjI&H$ƒ@'fL$˜Ld01-$`YS3
Fn}LC$*EeGC$q*'no&HLy@&H/G•&'*./01'f1
3
+fm{01-n~&Hmq*'fY
3
I
E@/C$*EeG'f1


+fY

9*a-Fl&H-F(&HC$*EeGC$q*'no&HL$e-C$c1
(
C$c&H-$@G
m‚*&•&-@LdP
1
(
S1
3
Ž3Y
3
•S1

Ž3Y


ˆmd-@LdP
F(&HB*‹/-$rL-F•&Ld]m)*'no&HI&$n&H&a/m)*'no&HmšB*a--$`-ˆmd-@
Ld-$‹-x&$mnoLm)*'no&H-$r-n
t&HE/e-Ly@1{-1_GEeGLd-$‹T_Lmb&$-$K(C$q*'no&H01Ž[-_L$F@-ˆ
&H/G•&+,-'*./-F(&HW/_-F`&$EeG•P [S1
3
1

Trang 6/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

"/q&W/@&E_-W/_-F`&$EeGBl&Hmnu&HL(&HEeG1{-L_L$F¡Ff&HŽ-)(-$f&$
m*‹1/q&H*†@$@*m()&EeG•&Hnu*-@-$nu&HE™Aw&Hm{01-/G.-mq*iIL‘&+}*m{

01-n~&Hmq*Y-$nu&HB*‹/-$b-F)&H-$_*01Ly@&H/G•&+,-'*./
1.2. MÔI TRƯỜNG KHÔNG KHÍ ẨM
U$c&HC$x'f'()*-_L&$%&EeGLdE›&-F(&H-g&$*•&IC$c&HH%Gm{L$)*+f
C$c&HH%GB0&Ez&O$01EeGU$c&HC$x'f$•&$oOLy@&$*|/L$e-C$xC$_L&$@/
$f&$O$v&Ly@C$c&HC$xB@(H”1L_LL$e-IL$yGa/'f

I=

I$~*&n}LI&H(f*F@
L‘&Ld3EqL$e- C$xC$_L&$nP=

IC$x-F~I

I=

U$c&HC$x'f1{-C$x-$gLI
&$n&H-$gL-aC$c&HC$xE™Aw&Hm‹EeG-$nu&H•_OE/e--$eOŽ_OE/e-C$xW/G‹&•+f
&$*.-m{C$c&HL@(Ž-ˆ$f&HL$wLm{ma&An}*+f*-Ft1m{•`+,GIC$*E™Aw&HLd
-$‹L(*C$c&HC$x'fC$x'Œ-n•&HI1sLA¢-F(&HC$c&HC$xLdL$r@$~*&n}LI&$n&H
_OE/e-F*•&HO$v&Ly@&dC$c&H'}&F(&HL_Lm*|/C*.&&$n-F•&IC$*L(*C$c&HC$x
'fC$x'Œ-n•&H-$`E@*EqHsOO$z*'fL$eO&$,&mnoLŽ£ž•U$c&HC$xLdL$r@$~*
&n}L'fC$c&HC$x01U$*&H$*•&Lr/C$c&HC$x01I&Hnu*-@L(*&d'f$•&$oOC$x
'Œ-n•&HLy@-$f&$O$v&PC$c&HC$xC$c+f$~*&n}L•m%GC$c&HC$xC$cmnoL
L(*&$n'f-$f&$O$v&Lqmb&$&$n3L$e-C$x'Œ-n•&HŽ"S?+fEq&H/G•&-™C$x
-F(&HO$%&-™'f•$f&$O$v&-$rP$~*&n}L'f-$f&$O$v&'/c&-$@Gm‚*-F(&H
C$c&HC$x01_L-$c&HEqL~Bz&Ly@C$c&HC$x01&$nE@/P
1.2.1. Độ ẩm tuyệt đối
f'no&H$~*&n}LŽ-x&$Bl&HH$(sLCH•L$r@-F(&H31

C$c&HC$x01I-rL

'fP
¤-$@Gm‚*-ˆjma&¤
1@T
IC$*&$*.-m{Ly@C$c&HC$x01-$@Gm‚*-$`¤
1@T
Lh&H
-$@Gm‚*
1.2.2. Độ ẩm tương đối
f-–EqH*†@'no&H$~*&n}LL$r@-F(&HC$c&HC$x01+}*'no&H$~*&n}L'}&
&$e-Ld-$‹L$r@-F(&HC$c&HC$x01md•L¢&H1{-&$*.-m{
Trang 7/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

@G&d*L_L$C$_LPm{01-n~&Hmq*'f-–EqH*†@m{01-/G.-mq*-F•&m{01
-/G.-mq*'}&&$e-r&H+}*&$*.-m{&f(mdLy@C$c&HC$x01
2{01-n~&Hmq*'f-$c&HEqW/@&-F„&HLy@C$c&HC$x01I&d'fm)*'no&H
msL-Fn&HC$z&t&H$‰-01Ly@C$c&HC$x*_-Fb-/G.-mq*Ly@m{01-n~&Hmq*Lf&H
&$k-$`m*|/C*.&L%&Bl&HLf&HC$_L&$@/IC$z&t&HEeGLy@C$c&HC$xLf&H'}&
2{01-n~&Hmq*Ly@C$c&HC$xO$w-$/{L+f(&$*.-m{
OAw&HO$n~&H-F`&$-F)&H-$_*-@LdP
ŽCHQ1


ŽCHQ1


1.2.3. Hàm ẩm (X) của không khí ẩm
f'no&H$~*&n}LL$r@-F(&H3CHC$c&HC$xC$c
(C$q*'no&HLy@$~*&n}Lx-&•&&Hnu*-@-$nu&HA¢&H-$r&H/G•&'fŽHQCH
UUU•

ŽHQCHUUU•
$(sL ŽCHQCHUUU•
O  Aw&H  O$n~&H  -F`&$  -F)&H  -$_*  +}*  
$&
SV3]Q3V  ¥^QCHU¦  +f

UUU
SV3]Q?¥^QCHU¦I-@LdP
1.2.4. Khối lượng riêng của không khí ẩm
Trang 8/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

U$c&HC$x01mnoLL(*'f$•&$oOLy@C$c&HC$xC$c+f$~*&n}LP
¤
$$
S¤
UUU
X¤
$&
F(&HmdP¤
$&
Si¤
UUU
,GI¤
$$
S¤
UUU
Ž3Xi•
•m*|/C*.&B`&$-$nu&H#
UUU

S#Ÿ-S4
(
U-$`¤
UUU
S3I?CHQ1

OAw&HO$n~&H-F`&$-F)&H-$_*C$xI-@LdP
c&H-$rL-F•&L$r&H-kFl&HPC$q*'no&HF*•&HLy@C$c&HC$x01O$w-$/{L
+f(-$c&HEq-$@Gm‚*-F(&HW/_-F`&$EeG'f&$*.-m{+f_OE/e-F*•&HO$v&Ly@$~*
&n}LU$*_OE/e-F*•&HO$v&Ly@$~*&n}L-F(&HC$c&HC$x-t&H'•&-$`¤
$$
H*z1m*I
&$n&H-F(&HW/_-F`&$EeG&$*.-m{Ly@W/_-F`&$EeGH*z1T/q&H&$@&$$~&-qLm{
-t&HLy@_OE/e-F*•&HO$v&Ž-$K(Lc&H-$rL•&•&mn@ma&+*.L¤
$$
-t&HF¡F.-$~&+f
Ca-W/z'fC$q*'no&HF*•&HLy@C$c&HC$x01-t&H'•&-F(&HW/_-F`&$EeG
1.2.5. Nhiệt dung riêng của không khí ẩm
U$*mšL(*C$c&HC$x01'f$•&$oOLy@C$x'Œ-n•&H-$`Ld-$‹T_Lmb&$&$*.-
A/&HF*•&HLy@C$c&HC$x01-$K(Lc&H-$rL&$*.-A/&HF*•&HLy@$•&$oOC$x'Œ
-n•&HI-rL'fP
•m%GP
CCC
P&$*.-A/&HF*•&HLy@C$c&HC$xC$cI•&$*.-m{-
1.2.6. Nhiệt độ bầu khô (t
k
,
o
C), nhiệt độ bầu ướt (t
ư

,
o
C)
Nhiệt độ bầu khô: 'f&$*.-m{Ly@$•&$oOC$xmnoLT_Lmb&$Bl&H&$*.-Ca
-$c&H-$nu&H
Nhiệt độ bầu ướt: msL-Fn&HL$(C$z&t&HLeO&$*.-Ly@C$c&HC$xIm‹B@G$~*
&n}LL$(ma&C$*C$c&HC$xBš($‘@$~*&n}L,G-
n
'f&$*.-m{B@G$~*Ly@&n}L
+f(C$c&HC$xI&a/-
C 
S-
n
EgB@G$~*Ly@&n}LE…&Hˆ&H')*/_-F`&$B@G$~*Ly@
&n}L+f(C$c&HC$x-$gL$*.&-F(&Hm*|/C*.&m()&&$*.-
*./EqH*†@&$*.-m{Bv/C$c+f&$*.-m{Bv/n}-msL-Fn&HL$(C$z&t&H$‰-
01Ly@C$c&HC$xI&Hnu*-@H„*'f-$aEeGŽ-rL'fm{&H'gLLy@W/_-F`&$B@G$~*•P
2(&$*.-m{Bv/n}-$(sLBl&H01Ca$(sLBl&H&$*.-CaB„L+z*n}-
1.2.7. Nhiệt độ điểm sương (t
s
,
o
C)
Trang 9/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

f&$*.-m{Ly@C$c&HC$x01-n~&Hr&H+}*-F)&H-$_*Bš($‘@Ž ,G
&$*.-m{m*‹1En~&HL$˜F¡•-F)&H-$_*$(f&-(f&Bš($‘@$~*&n}L-F(&HC$c&HC$xI
&a/-*aO-wLH*z1&$*.-m{IE…TzGF@W/_-F`&$&Hn&H-w$~*&n}L-$f&$&n}L
1.3. QUAN HỆ GIỮA VẬT LIỆU ẨM VÀ KHÔNG KHÍ CHUNG QUANH

1.3.1. Độ ẩm cân bằng
a/-@Ld1{-+,-01ms--F(&H1c*-Fnu&HC$c&HC$x01E…TzGF@Eg-F@(m‚*
&$*.-I01H*†@+,-01+f1c*-Fnu&HC$c&HC$x/_-F`&$-F@(m‚*&$*.-O$w-$/{L
+f(EgL$•&$'.L$&$*.-m{H*†@C$c&HC$x+f+,-IL‘&W/_-F`&$-F`&$-F@(m‚*01O$w
-$/{L+f( L$•&$'.L$_OE/e-F*•&HO$v&Ly@$~*&n}L-F•&B|1s-+,-+fLy@$~*
&n}L-F(&HC$c&HC$x01a/_OE/e-F*•&HO$v&-F•&B|1s-+,-01'}&$~&_OE/e-
F*•&HO$v&-F(&HC$c&HC$xE…TzGF@W/_-F`&$B@G$~*-ˆ+,-01Im{01Ly@+,-H*z1
m*Ž+,-'*./C$c$~&•
a/&HnoL')*I_OE/e-F*•&HO$v&-F•&B|1s-+,-01&$k$~&eOE/e-F*•&H
O$v&-F(&HC$c&HC$x-$`+,-'*./01E…$eO-$w01Im{01-t&H'•&F(&HLz$@*
-Fnu&H$oO_OE/e-F*•&HO$v&Ly@$~*&n}L-F•&B|1s-+,-01E…-*a&Av&-}*-FbEq
_OLy@F*•&HO$v&Ly@$~*&n}L-F(&HC$c&HC$x01U$*$@*-FbEq_OE/e-F*•&HO$v&
&fGBl&H&$@/-$`+,-+f1c*-Fnu&H•-F)&H-$_*L%&Bl&H01‰L&fG+,-C$c&H$‰-
01Lh&HC$c&H-$z*012{01Ly@+,-'‰L&fGH„*'fm{01L%&Bl&H[LB2{01
L%&Bl&HO$w-$/{L+f(_OE/e-F*•&HO$v&Ly@$~*&n}L-F(&HC$c&HC$xI-rL'fO$w
-$/{L+f(m{01-n~&Hmq*Ly@C$c&HC$x§/@&$.$f1EqP[LBSDŽ§•Ld-$‹mnoL
T_Lmb&$Bl&H-$gL&H$*.1+fmnoLH„*'fmnu&Hm¨&H&$*.-2q*+}*W/_-F`&$$‰-
01-ˆ1c*-Fnu&HImnu&HL(&H[LBSDŽ§•H„*'fmnu&H$eO-$wm¨&H&$*.-2q*+}*
W/_-F`&$B@G$~*01-ˆ+,-Imnu&HL(&HT%GAg&HmnoL'fmnu&H-$z*01m¨&H&$*.-
Ž$`&$+…33•H(f*F@Im{01L%&Bl&HL‘&O$w-$/{L+f(-$f&$O$v&$(_$„LI'*•&
Ca-01+f1rLm{&f(md+f(-F)&H-$_*Ly@&H/G•&'*./-$gLO$012@EqEz&O$01
-$gLO$01C$*&$*.-m{-t&H-$`[LB H*z1$u*H*@&-F/G|&01ma&L%&Bl&HO$w
-$/{L+f(&$*|/Ga/-q&$nP&$*.-m{Im{01Ly@C$c&HC$x+f+,-01I-qLm{Ly@
C$c&HC$xILe/-F‰LLy@+,-01
2{01L%&Bl&HLdŒ&H$ƒ@'}&-F(&H+*.LL$„&L$am{EeG-$xL$$oOL$(-ˆ&H
'()*Ez&O$01-$gLO$01Hnu*-@-$nu&HL$„&m{01L/q*L¢&HLy@Ez&O$01EeG
Trang 10/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

Bl&Hm{01L%&Bl&HLy@Ez&O$01mdmq*+}*H*_-Fb-F/&HB`&$Ly@m{01-n~&Hmq*

C$c&HC$x-F(&HBz(W/z&
1.3.2. Độ ẩm tới hạn W
th
2{01L%&Bl&HLy@+,-01-F(&H1c*-Fnu&HC$c&HC$xLdm{01-n~&Hmq*§
S3jjžH„*'fm{01-}*$)&[-$2{01&fG'fH*}*$)&Ly@W/_-F`&$$eO-$w01Ly@
+,-$@G'fH*}*$)&Ly@m{01'*•&Ca-@/md1/q&-t&Hm{01Ly@+,-O$z*&$‰&H
+,-+f(-F(&H&n}L$(sLLd&n}L&Hn&H-w-F•&B|1s-+,-!1-$%1&$,O+f(+,-
E@/&fGH„*'f01-gA(Ž$`&$+…3•F•&mnu&HL(&H+,&-qLEeGI[-$'fm*‹1/q&
H*†@H*@*m()&+,&-qLEeGC$c&Hm‚*+fH*@*m()&+,&-qLEeG-$@Gm‚*
2{01-}*$)&mnoLT_Lmb&$Bl&HL_L$m(m{01L%&Bl&HLy@+,-'*./+}*
C$c&HC$xB@(W/@&$+,--$‹mdLdm{01-n~&Hmq*3jjžI$(sLBl&Hmnu&HL(&H
$eO-$wm¨&H&$*.-Ly@+,--$‹2{01-}*$)&Ly@&H/G•&'*./$(sLEz&O$01Lf&H
'}&-$`C$z&t&H$‰-01Lf&H'}&C$*Bz(W/z&-F(&HC$c&HC$x01
1.4. CƠ SỞ KỸ THUẬT SẤY
1.4.1. Cân bằng vật chất và năng lượng trong thiết bị sấy bằng không
khí
U$*EeGC$c&HC$x&d&HLd$f101-$eO-*aOT‰L+}*B|1s-+,-'*./01+f
L/&HLeO&t&H'no&Hm‹BqL$~*-F(&H+,-'*./01+f(A‘&HC$xI$•&$oOC$c&HC$x
01E…-t&H$f101+fm*F@&H(f*
Trang 11/
Hình vẽ 1.2: F)&H-$_*-n~&H-_L
H*†@01+f1c*-Fnu&H
Hình vẽ 1.1: 2nu&HL(&H$eO-$w
+f-$z*01m¨&H&$*.-
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

~m”&H/G•&'Œ$()-m{&HLy@-$*a-BbEeGBl&HC$c&HC$xmnoL1c-z-F•&
$`&$3P
Sơ đồ nguyên lý hoạt động của thiết bị sấy.
,-'*./EeGB@&mv/Ldm{01L@(mnoLmn@+f(-$*a-BbEeGImnoLEeGC$c

-F(&HO$‘&HEeGF”*m*F@&H(f*U$c&HC$xB•&&H(f*mnoLAn@W/@B{O$,&mq-&d&H
m‹H*@&$*.-'•&-}*&$*.-m{EeGLv&-$*a-IE@/md+f(O$‘&HEeGm‹-*aOT‰L+}*+,-
'*./EeGILeO&$*.-L$(&n}L-F(&H+,-'*./m‹BqL$~*F(&HW/_-F`&$EeGI&a/Lv&
-$*a-E…Ld-$•1B{O$,&mq-&d&HB‚E/&H-F(&HO$‘&HEeG
%&Bl&H+,-L$e-P1

X1
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3
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1.4.2. Máy sấy lí thuyết
}*1_GEeG'Œ-$/Ga-&Hnu*-@H*z-$*a-Fl&HP
$*.-L$(W/_-F`&$EeG'fA(B{O$,&m/&&d&HL/&HLeO
F(&H1_GEeGC$c&HLdB{m/&&d&HB‚E/&HPBESj
9kW/@-‚&-$e-&$*.-P--Sj
f1&$*.-Ly@Ez&O$01EeG+f-$*a-Bb+,&L$/G‹&C$c&H-$@Gm‚*-F(&HW/_
-F`&$EeGP*+S*F
$*.-'*•&Ca-Ly@&n}LŽ01-F(&H+,-'*./•C$c&Hm_&HC‹P*[+Sj
Trang 12/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

U$*mdP
'P&$/Lv/F*•&H+|C$c&HC$x¥CHUUQCH&n}LBqL$~*¦
1.5. SỬ DỤNG BIỂU ĐỒ I-X TRONG TÍNH TOÁN QUÁ TRÌNH SẤY
1.5.1. Mô tả quá trình sấy trong đồ thị i-X đối với không khí ẩm
e/-)(Ly@m”-$b*‡iP

Biểu đồ I – X của không khí ẩm
i_Lmb&$-F)&H-$_*C$c&HC$x01
i_Lmb&$&$*.-m{m*‹1En~&H
1.5.2. Tính toán cho máy sấy một cấp
Trang 13/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

Sơ đồ máy sấy 1 cấp và biểu diễn của quá trình sấy trên đồ thị i-X
Trang 14/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

2()&3P-*•/-q&&$*.-W-x&$-$K(O$n~&H-F`&$WSA*QATIH*_-FbLy@&dLd
-$‹m„L-FgL-*aO-ˆm”-$b*i-$K(mnu&HE(&HE(&H+}*mnu&H3W/@-FwL-n~&H
r&HLy@m”-$b*i
$/Lv/&$*.-PL$˜O$w-$/{L+f(-F)&H-$_*mv/+fL/q*Ly@W/_-F`&$
2‹C$c&HC$xEeG-*aO&$,&1{-'no&H01L@($~&Ži©i3•-$`&Hnu*-@Lv&
O$z*m/&&d&HC$c&HC$x•&$*.-m{L@($~&Ž-©ª-•+f&$/Lv/&$*.-WLh&HO$z*
'}&$~&-rL'fm()&-$¨&H3©
1.5.3. Máy sấy nhiều cấp
Sơ đồ máy sấy nhiều cấp và biểu diễn của quá trình sấy trên đồ thị i-X
$/Lv/&$*.-F*•&HE…mnoL-x&$-$K(Lc&H-$rLP
(E_&$+}*1_GEeG1{-LeOP
$/Lv/&$*.-Bl&H&$@/&a/m{01B@&L/q*Ly@C$c&HC$xEeGH*q&H&$@/I
-F(&HC$*&$*.-m{m/&&d&HC$c&HC$x-$eO$~&&$*|/
$/Lv/&$*.-&$k$~&&a/&$*.-m{m/&&d&HC$c&HC$xEeGH*q&H&$@/I
-F(&HmdEg-$@Gm‚*A*QATTzGF@-n~&H-g&$n1_GEeG1{-LeO
1.5.4. Máy sấy tuần hoàn
Trang 15/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải


Sơ đồ máy sấy tuần hoàn và biểu diễn quá trình sấy trên đồ thị i-X
"_GEeG-/v&$(f&mnoLE™Aw&H+}*&$†&HEz&O$01&$)GLz1+}*&$*.-m{
EeG+fC$c&HC$xEeGm*+f(Lv&mnoLH*†•-F)&H-$_*x-Bb-$@Gm‚*I-rL'fx-O$w
-$/{L+f(m*|/C*.&-$u*-*a-B•&&H(f*IC$*mdC$c&HC$x1}*ŽC$c&HC$xB•&&H(f*•
mnoL$•&$oO+}*1{-O$v&C$c&HC$xEeGm*F@C$k*1_GEeG
%&Bl&H$•&$oOP
2q*+}*'no&HC$c&HC$xEeGP1
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1.5.5. Máy sấy thực tế
$(sLWS'Ž*

*
3
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BE
XW

*
[+
XW
--
2q*+}*1_GEeG'Œ-$/Ga--@LdP
WS'Ž*

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BE
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XW
--
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Trang 16/



Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

a/-‚&-$e-&$*.-W--+f-‚&-$e-&$*.-A(Ez&O$01-F@&HBb+,&L$/G‹&1@&H
F@L%&Bl&H+}*&$*.-m/&H&d&HB‚E/&HIW/_-F`&$EeGTzGF@-$K(mnu&H$f1&$*.-
C$c&Hm‚*&H$ƒ@'fS
a/W
BE
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a/&$*.-m/&H&d&HB‚E/&H'}&$~&-‚&-$e-&$*.-W
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ĐỘNG LỰC HỌC CỦA QUÁ TRÌNH SẤY
1.6. CHUYỂN ĐỘNG CỦA ẨM TRONG SẢN PHẨM SẤY
/_-F`&$L$/G‹&01-F(&H+,-'*./EeGB@(H”1PL$/G‹&Au*01-ˆB•&-F(&H
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1s-+,-'*./ma&'/”&HC$c&HC$xEeGB@(W/@&$+,-'*./EeG
!1L$/G‹&Au*-ˆB|1s-+,-'*./EeGF@1c*-Fnu&HEeGL$/&HW/@&$ILv&
mnoLm|&B¢Bl&HL_L$L$/G‹&01-ˆB•&-F(&H+,-'*./EeGF@ma&B|1s-Ly@&d
no&H01B@G$~*+fL$/G‹&-ˆB|1s-+,-'*./F@1c*-Fnu&HT/&HW/@&$Ld
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'.L$01H*†@L_L'}OB|1s-+fL_L'}OB•&-F(&HLy@+,-'*./EeGImnoL-$gL$*.&
&$u'gLC$/aL$-_&I-$01-$e/I'gL1@(W/z&I
(Ldm{Ap&011f01L$/G‹&Au*•-$‹'k&HC$*m{01'}&$(sL•-$‹$~*
C$*m{01BœI-$K($n}&H-ˆ-F/&H-%1F@ma&B|1s-Ly@&d
F(&HH*@*m()&+,&-qLEeGC$c&Hm‚*I01L$˜BqL$~*•B|1s-+,-'*./EeG
@/m*‹1-}*$)&-$rIW/_-F`&$BqL01T/e-$*.&•B•&-F(&HL_L1@(W/z&
Trang 17/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

F(&HH*@*m()&+,&-qLEeGH*z1I01mnoLL$/G‹&-ˆB•&-F(&H+,-'*./F@ma&
B|1s--$nu&H•-$‹$~*I1f$~*&fGmnoL-)(F@• ¬'}OB@G$~*-$@GL‘&H„*'f
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@/m*‹1-}*$)&-$rEgL$/G‹&Au*01-F(&HEz&O$01EeG$v/&$nL$˜•
-$‹$~*

no&H01L$/G‹&Au*A(m{01Ap&01W/@B|1s-«IE@/-$u*H*@&I-ˆ1{-
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no&H01L$/G‹&Au*W/@B|1s-«+fE@/-$u*H*@&-ˆm*‹1Ld&$*.-m{-
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1.7. VẬN TỐC SẤY
Trang 18/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

1.7.1. Khái niệm về vận tốc sấy
ŽCHQ1

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Ez&O$01C$c-/G.-mq*
Các y ế u tố ảnh hưởng đ ế n thời gian sấy:
9z&L$e-Ly@Ez&O$01EeGPLe/-F‰LI-$f&$O$v&$(_$„LImsL-x&$Ly@'*•&
Ca-01
`&$A_&H+f-F)&H-$_*Ly@Ez&O$01EeG
2{01B@&mv/IB@&L/q*+fm{01-}*$)&Ly@Ez&O$01EeG
$*.-m{Im{01+f+,&-qLLy@-_L&$%&EeG
$•&$'.L$&$*.-m{B@&mv/+fB@&L/q*Ly@-_L&$%&EeG
e/-)(Ly@1_GEeGIO$n~&H-$rLEeG+fL$am{EeG
1.7.2. Các giai đoạn vận tốc sấy
Đường cong vận tốc sấy: B*‹/-$bW/@&$.H*†@+,&-qLEeG+fm{01Ly@Ez&
O$01EeGImnoLT_Lmb&$Bl&H-$gL&H$*.1
Trang 19/

Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

/_-F`&$EeGma&m{01L%&Bl&HH”1L_LH*@*m()&L$x&$P
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*@*m()&+,&-qLEeGC$c&Hm‚*Žm¨&H-qL•Im()&9U
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O$¢$oO+}*-ˆ&HH*@*m()&EeG+f-ˆ&H'()*Ez&O$01EeG
1.7.3. Tính toán vận tốc sấy
1.7.3.1. Giai đoạn vận tốc sấy không đổi
!1mnoL-_L$F@L$yGa/'fA(BqL$~*-ˆB|1s-Ly@Ez&O$01EeGIA(mdP
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Trang 20/
Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

F@&dL‘&mnoLB*‹/A*’&Bl&H$*./Eq_OE/e-F*•&HO$v&Ly@$~*&n}LBš($(fLy@
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1.7.3.2. Giai đoạn vận tốc sấy giảm dần (thay đổi)
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m*‹1/q&2‹m~&H*z&$(_+f+}*1rLm{Hv&m‰&HI&Hnu*-@Ld-$‹L(*&$n+,&-qL
EeGH*z1-$K(mnu&H-$¨&H
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1.8. THỜI GIAN SẤY
1.8.1. Tính toán thời gian sấy
$u*H*@&EeG'f1{--$c&HEqmsLB*.-W/@&-F„&HmnoLE™Aw&H-F(&H-x&$
-(_&-$*a-Ca+f+,&$f&$-$*a-BbEeG
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-$n}L$`&$$„LLy@+,-'*./Im{01mv/+fL/q*Ly@+,-'*./I'()*-$*a-BbEeGIO$n~&H
O$_O LeO&$*.-IL$a m{EeG(md+*.LT_Lmb&$-$u*H*@&EeGBl&HH*z*-xL$HsO
&$*|/C$dC$t&
`+,G-F(&H-x&$-(_&-$gL-aL_L-$*a-BbEeG-$u*H*@&mnoLT_Lmb&$-$K(
-$gL&H$*.1+fLz-$K(C*&$&H$*.1+,&$f&$
/G&$*•&-F(&H&H$*•&Lr/L_L-$*a-BbEeG1}*+fm‹EeGL_L+,-'*./C$*
L$n@LdC*&$&H$*.1&Hnu*-@O$z*Ag@+f('Œ-$/Ga-H*z*-xL$$(sL&™@H*z*-xL$&™@
-$gL&H$*.1m‹-x&$-(_&-$u*H*@&EeG
1.8.2. Nguyên tắc xác định thời gian sấy bằng giải tích
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Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

3i%GAg&H1c$`&$+,-'ŒO$¢$oO+}*+,-'*./Lv&EeG+f+}*1{--$*a-Bb
EeG&f(mdO$¢$oO+}*O$n~&HO$_OLeO&$*.-+fL$am{EeG

ˆ1c$`&$+,-'Œ-$*a-',O1c$`&$-(_&$„LLy@Bf*-(_&-F/G|&&$*.-
-F/G|&L$e-I&H$ƒ@'f+*a-$.O$n~&H-F`&$-F/G|&&$*.--F/G|&L$e-L¢&H+}*L_Lm*|/
C*.&m~&-Fb-n~&Hr&HF(&H$.O$n~&H-F`&$-F/G|&&$*.--F/G|&L$e-O$z*-$‹$*.&
1c$`&$+,-'Œ1{-L_L$-(f&A*.&IL$x&$T_L&$n&HLh&H'noLBk&$†&H&$%&-qO$w
m‹1c$`&$-(_&$„Lm~&H*z&+fLd-$‹H*z*mnoL
*z*1c$`&$-(_&$„Lm‹T_Lmb&$-$u*H*@&EeGP(-F(&H1c$`&$+,-'Œ+f
Lz1c$`&$-(_&$„LmšmnoLBkm*1{-Eq&$†&HGa/-q+`+,G-$u*H*@&EeGT_Lmb&$
Bl&HH*z*-xL$E…E@*C$_L+}*-$gL-aIL$(&•&Lv&O$z*-Fz*W/@-$gL&H$*.1m‹L$˜&$
'ŒL$(O$¢$oO
PHƯƠNG PHÁP VÀ THIẾT BỊ SẤY
eGLd-$‹mnoLL$*@F@$@*'()*PEeG-g&$*•&+fEeGBl&H-$*a-BbŽEeG&$%&
-)(•
eG-g&$*•&PW/_-F`&$O$~*+,-'*./&H(f*-Fu*IC$c&HLdE™Aw&H-$*a-Bb_L
O$n~&HO$_OEeG&$%&-)(-$gL$*.&-F(&HL_L-$*a-BbEeG
d&$*|/O$n~&HO$_OEeG&$%&-)(C$_L&$@/t&Lr+f(O$n~&HO$_OL/&H
LeO&$*.-Ld-$‹L$*@F@L_L'()*PEeGmq*'n/IEeGBrLT)IEeG-*aOT‰LIEeG-$t&H$(@I
EeGBl&Hm*.&-Fnu&HA‘&HL@(-v&IEeGm*.&-F•
$*a-BbEeGBt&H-z*'f-$*a-Bb$()-m{&HAg@-F•&O$n~&HO$_OEeGmq*'n/
`+,GI-*‹/'/,&L$˜m|L,Oma&O$n~&HO$_OEeGmq*'n/
1.9. THIẾT BỊ SẤY ĐỐI LƯU
Nguyên lý hoạt động:
U$c&HC$x&d&H$(sLC$d*'‘mnoLA¢&H'f1-_L&$%&EeGLd&$*.-m{Im{
01I-qLm{O$¢$oOIL$/G‹&m{&HL$zG-F¢1'•&+,-EeG'f1L$(01-F(&H+,-EeGB@G
$~*F”*m*-$K(-_L&$%&EeG
U$c&HC$xLd-$‹L$/G‹&m{&HL¢&HL$*|/I&HnoLL$*|/$(sLL•-&H@&HA‘&H
L$/G‹&m{&HLy@Ez&O$019z&H3E(E_&$L_LO$n~&HO$_OL$/G‹&m{&HC$_L
&$@/Ly@-_L&$%&EeG
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Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải


eGmq*'n/Ld-$‹-$gL$*.&-$K(1•ŽH*_&m()&•$@G'*•&-wLF•&$`&$+…
An}*'fE~m”&H/G•&'ŒEeGmq*'n/Bl&HC$c&HC$x&d&H
Sơ đồ hệ thống sấy đối lưu
3‡W/)-I‡L@'(F*O$KI‡B/”&HEeG
z&O$01EeGLd-$‹'eGF@C$k*B/”&HEeG-$K(1•$(sL'*•&-wL-n~&Hr&H
+}*&)O+f(@'(F*O$Kmq-&d&HC$c&HC$xLd-$‹'f'()*L@'(F*O$Km*.&IL@'(F*O$K
$~*&n}L++
Ua-Le/-$gLLy@$.-$q&HFe-m@A)&HIO$w-$/{L+f(&$*|/Ga/-q&$nPL$a
m{'f1+*.LIA)&H+,-EeGI_OE/e-'f1+*.LIL_L$&/&H&d&HC$c&HC$xIL$/G‹&m{&H
Ly@-_L&$%&EeGIE~m”'f1+*.LILe/-F‰LB/”&HEeG
Bảng 1 :(E_&$L_L$`&$-$rLL$/G‹&m{&HC$_L&$@/Ly@-_L&$%&EeG
Hướng chuyển
động tác nhân sấy
5/m*‹1 $noLm*‹1
¢&HL$*|/
qLm{EeGB@&mv/L@(Ix-
BbL( &Hd-I-–-F„&H-$eOI
Ez&  O$01  x- $n  $k&HI x-
&H/GL~$n$k&HA(
C$dm)-mnoLm{01L/q*
-$eO+`C$c&HC$x&H/{*+f
01-$‚*W/@Ez&O$01EeG
HnoLL$*|/ t&H'no&HmnoLE™Aw&H
C*&$-a $~&I m{01 L/q*
z&O$01A’BbL(&Hd-I
$n$k&HA(&$*.-d&H/G
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Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

L¢&H-$eO$~& L~$n$k&HA(C$c&H

C$x 01I  e1  HsO  &H/G•&
'*./n}-
‘&HC$x-$(_-•-F/&H-%1
Ua-$oOn/m*‹1Ly@EeG
L¢&HL$*|/+f&HnoLL$*|/
&$n&H C$c&H  Bl&H  EeG
Bl&H  A‘&H  C$x -$‚*  L•-
&H@&H
#$rL-)O+fm•--*|&$~&E(
+}*EeG1{-L$*|/
‘&HC$x-$‚*L•-&H@&H
U*‹1  E(_-  m*|/ C*.& EeG
'*&$ $()- Bl&H  L_L  +¢&H
&$*.-mnoLC*‹1E(_-F*•&H
B*.-Ÿ-qLm{EeGL@(
2v/-n-F@&HBbI+,&$f&$
+fBz(An“&H-$*a-BbO$rL
-)O+fm•--*|&
2q*+}*W/_-F`&$EeGL$*O$x&t&H'no&H'fGa/-qL$x&$z&$$n•&Hma&$*./
W/zC*&$-aEz&T/e-I+`+,GC$*-$*a-CaILv&L$‰Œma&L_LB*.&O$_O'f1H*z1Eg
-$e--$(_-&$*.-I-*a-C*.1&t&H'no&HxAwP
_L$&$*.-B/”&HEeG+f$.-$q&Hq&HAp&
/v&$(f&C$x-$z*W/@B/”&HEeG
™Aw&H-$*a-Bb-F@(m‚*&$*.--$/$”*&$*.--ˆC$c&HC$x-$(_-F@m‹m/&H
&d&HC$c&HC$x$(sL&H/G•&'*./+f(
™Aw&H&$*.--FgL-*aO-ˆ'™@mq-C$x-g&$*•&+f-ˆL_L'‘mq-LdL~Le/'f1
H*z1&”&Hm{C$x(T*-&*-~
eG-$f&$&$*|/H*@*m()&Ž+xAwPCa-$oOEeG-v&HEc*+}*EeG-$¢&H$(sLEeG
O$/&Ca-$oO+}*EeG-v&HEc*•
cmsL-Fn}L&H/G•&'*./'k&Hma&&”&Hm{L$e-F•&L@(&$e-Ld-$‹

U*‹1E(_--gm{&Hm{01C$c&HC$xBl&H1_G-x&$
1.10. THIẾT BỊ SẤY BĂNG TẢI
1.10.1.Giới thiệu về máy sấy băng tải
"_GEeGBt&H-z*'f1_GEeGm@&t&H&$e-mnoLE™Aw&Hm‹EeG&$*|/'()*Ez&
O$01+}*CxL$L“ILe/-)(+f$`&$A)&HC$_L&$@/xAwP$)&$&$%&I-$rLt&H*@E‰LI
-$@&IL@(E/Š*.L$*‹/E@*+|W/_-F`&$-F/G|&&$*.--F/G|&C$q*-F(&H1_GEeGE…
Ap&ma&H*z1&t&HE/e-I-*•/$@(&t&H'no&H+fL$e-'no&HEeGC$c&Hm”&Hm|/
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Nhóm 2-ĐHTP3 Thiết bị sấy băng tải

1.10.2.Cấu tạo máy sấy băng tải
$`&L$/&H'()*1_GEeG&fG-$xL$$oOm‹EeG+,-'*./A)&H$)-Ldmnu&HCx&$
-ˆ3‡j11IC$c&H-$xL$$oOm‹EeG+,-'*./1f&H+f$/G|&O$¢msL
/_-F`&$EeG'Œ-n•&HC$*L_LEz&O$01TaOL$”&H'•&&$@/&$n&HC$c&HW/_
Ax&$+f(&$@/gTaOL$”&H'•&&$@/Ly@Ez&O$01E…H*z1mnoLCxL$-$n}L-$*a-Bb
+}*1{--$u*H*@&EeGL$(-Fn}L
$†&HEz&O$01&$k+f&$¯C$dH*@Lc&HLd-$‹mnoLEeG-F(&H1_GEeGBt&H
-z*&a/1_GEeGmnoL-$*a-Cam‰&HxAwP-$*a-Ca1{-1_GEeGBt&H-z*LdL$*|/
A‘&HC$x-ˆ-F•&$n}&HT/q&HE…H*†mnoLEz&O$01-F•&Bt&H-z*$u*H*@&EeG1e-
C$(z&H‡]jO$‰-$u*H*@&EeGLd-$‹Af*$~&m_&HC‹-F(&H&$†&H1_GEeG
Bt&H-z*Fe-'}&
_L1_GEeGBt&H-z*LdLe/$`&$Ag@-F•&EgE•OTaOBt&H-z*+fL$*|/A‘&H
C$x
1.10.2.1. Máy sấy dạng một chặng – một tầng
Sơ đồ mấy sấy băng tải một chặng một tầng
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