50 cấu trúc so sánh trong tiếng Anh

50 CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH TRONG TIẾNG ANH
1. S + V + (not) enough + noun + (for sb) to do st: (khơng) đủ cái gì để (cho ai)
làm gì.

E.g: He doesn’t have enough qualification to work here.

2. S + V + (not) adj/adv + enough + (for sb) to do st: cái gì đó (khơng) đủ để (cho ai)
làm gì.

E.g: He doesn’t study hard enough to pass the exam.
3. S + V + too + adj/adv + (for sb) to do st: cái gì quá đến nổi làm sao để cho ai đấy
làm gì.
E.g: He ran too fast for me to catch up with.
4. Clause + so that + clause: để mà…
E.g: He studied very hard so that he could pas the test.
5. S + V + so + adj/adv + that S + V: cái gì đó q làm sao đến nỗi mà …
E.g: The film was so boring that he fell asleep in the middle of it.
6. It + V + such + a/an/the + adj noun + that S + V: cái gì đó q làm sao đến nỗi mà...
E.g: It was such a borring film that he fell asleep in the middle of it.
7. If + S + present simple + S +will/can/may + V simple (câu điều kiện loại 1): điều
kiện có thật ở tương lai…
E.g: If you lie in the sun too long, you will get sunburnt.
8. If + S + past simple + S + would + V simple (câu điều kiện loại 2): miêu tả cái
khơng có thực hoặc tưởng tượng ra…
E.g: If I won the competition, I would spend it all.
9. If + S + past perfect + S + would + have past participle: (câu điều kiện loại 3) miêu
tả cái không xảy ra hoặc tưởng tượng xảy ra trong quá khứ…
E.g: If I’d worked harder, I would have passed the exam.
10. Unless + positive = If … not: trừ phi, nếu không
E.g: You will be late unless you start at one.
11. S + used to + do: chỉ thói quen, hành động trong quá khứ

E.g: He used to smoke, but he gave up five months ago.

1


12. S + be + used/accustomed to + doing: quen với việc …
E.g: I am used to eating at 7:00 PM
13. S + get + used to + doing: trở nên quen với việc …
E.g: We got used to American food.
14. Would rather do … than…: thích cái gì (làm gì) hơn cái gì (làm gì)
E.g: We would rather die in freedom than lie in slavery.
15. Prefer doing/ noun … to…: thích cái gì (làm gì) hơn cái gì (làm gì)
E.g: I prefer drinking Coca to drinking Pepsi.
16. Would you + like (care/hate/prefer) + to do: tạo lời mời hoặc ý muốn gì…
E.g: Would you like to dance with me
17.1 like + V – ing : diễn đạt sở thích
E.g: He like reading novel
17.2 like + to do : diễn đạt thói quen, sự lựa chọn, hoặc với nghĩa cho là đúng.
E.g: When making tea, he usually likes to put sugar and a slice of lemon in fisrt.
18. S + should/had better/ought to/be supposed to + do: ai đó nên làm gì…
E.g: He should supposed to study tonight.
19. Could, may, might + have + P2: có lẽ đã…
E.g: It may have rained last night, but I’m not sure.
20. Should + have + P2: lẽ ra phải, lẽ ra nên…
E.g: Tom should have gone to office this morning.
22. …because + S + V or … because of/ due to + noun: vì, bởi vì…
E.g: Tai was worried because of the rain.
23. Although/ Even though/ though + clause: mặc dù
E.g: Jane will be admitted to the university although her has bad grades.
24. to be made of = consist of: được làm bằng – đề cập đến chất liệu làm vật…

E.g: This table is made of wood.
25. to be made from: được làm từ – đề cập đến vật liệu bị biến đổi khỏi trạng thái ban
đầu.
E.g: Paper is made from wood.
26. to be made out of: được làm bằng – đề cập đến quá trình làm ra vật .
E.g: This cake was made out of flour, butter, sugar, eggs and milk.
2


27. to have sb do sth = to get sb to do sth: sai, bảo ai làm gì…
E.g: I’ll have/ get Vinh to fix my car.
28. to have/ to get sth done: làm gì bằng cách thuê người khác
E.g: I have my car washed.
29. to make sb do sth = to force sb to do sth: bắt buộc ai làm gì…
E.g: The bank robbers make the maneger give them all the money.
30. to make sb P2: làm cho ai bị làm sao
E.g: Working all night on Friday made me tired on Saturday.
31. to let sb do sth = to permit/allow sb to do sth: để cho ai , cho phép ai làm gì
32. to cause sth P2 : làm cho cái gì bị làm sao…
E.g: The big thunder storm caused waterfront houses damaged.
33. S + V + as + (adj/adv) + as + (noun/pronoun): so sánh ngang bằng 1
E.g: My book is as interesting as your.
34. S + short (adj/ adv) – er + than + (noun/pronoun): so sánh hơn 1
E.g: My grades are higher than Vinh’s.
35. S + more + long (adj/ adv) + than + (noun/pronoun): so sánh hơn 2
E.g: He speaks English more fluently than I.
36. S + less + (adj/ adv) + than + (noun/pronoun): so sánh kém
E.g: He visits his family less frequently than she does.
37. S + V + the + short (adj/ adv) – est + (in + singular count noun/ of + plural count
noun): so sánh bậc nhất 1

E.g: Tom is the tallest in the family.
38. S + V + the + most + long (adj/ adv) + (in + singular count noun/ of + plural
count noun): so sánh bậc nhất 2
E.g: This shoes is the most expensive of all.
39. S + V + the + least + long (adj/ adv) + (in + singular count noun/ of + plural count
noun): so sánh bậc nhất 3
E.g: This shoes is the least expensive of all.

3


40. S + V + number multiple + as + (much/many) + (noun) + as + (noun/ pronoun):
so sánh bội số “gấp 2, gấp 3...”
E.g: This pen costs twice as much as the other one.
41. The + comparative + S + V + the + comparative + S + V: so sánh kép
E.g: The more you study, the smatter you will become.
42. No sooner + auxiliary + S + V + than + S + V: vừa mới ….thì đã…
E.g: No sooner had we started out for Obama than it started to rain.
44. …V1 + to + V2: trong đó V1 là agree, expect, hope, learn, refuse, want, demand,
forget, attempt, offer, seem, fail, desire, plan, prepare.
45. …V1 + V2 _ing…: trong đó V1 là admit, avoid, delay, deny, resist, postpone,
miss, finish, enjoy, suggest, mind, recall, risk, resume, quit, consider.
46. S + wish + (that) + S + (could V/ would V/ were V_ing) + …: ước ở tương lai…
E.g: We wish that you could come to the party to night.
47. S + wish + (that) + S + (past perfect/could have P2) …. : ước ở quá khứ
E.g: I wish that I had washed the clothes yesterday.

4

DẠNG THỨC DANH ĐỘNG TỪ VÀ TO VERB
GERUND

TO VERB

1. Cách sử dụng:

* Cách sử dụng:

• Là chủ ngữ của câu: Dancing bored

1. Verb + to verb:

him.

Những động từ sau được theo sau

• Bổ ngữ của động từ: Her hobby is

trực tiếp bởi to-infinitive: afford,

painting.

appear, ask, bear, begin, choose,

• Là bổ ngữ: Seeing is believing.

decide, expect, forget, hate, hesitate,

• Sau giới từ: He was accused of

intend, like, manage, neglect, prefer,

smuggling.

pretend,

• Sau một vài động từ: avoid, mind,

swear, try, wish, agree, arrange,

enjoy,…

attempt,

propose,
beg,

regret,
care,

seem,
consent,

2. Những động từ theo sau bởi V – determine, fail, happend, help, hope,
ing: admit, advise, allow, anticipate, learn, love, mean, offer, prepare,
appreciate, avoid, confess, consider, promise,

refuse,

remember,

start,

deny, delay, detest, dislike, enjoy, trouble, want, would like prefer….
escape, excuse, face, fancy, finish,

2. Verb + WH? + to verb:

give up, imagine, invlolve, justify, Những động từ theo sau công thức
keep on, leave off, mention, mind, này là: ask, decide, discover, find out,
miss,

permit,

postpone,

quit, forget, know, learn, remember, see,

recommend, resent, resist, resume, show, think, understand, want to
risk, save, tolerate, suggest, recollect, know, wonder…
stop, pardon, can't resist, can't stand,
can't help, understand,…

3. Verb + Object + to verb:
Những động từ theo sau công thức

3. Những động từ theo sau bởi này là: ask, advise, be, command,
giới từ: apologize for, accuse of, encourage, forbid, get, help, intend,
insist on, feel like, congratulate on, leave, mean, oblige, permit, prefer,

suspect of, look forward to, dream of, recommend, remind, tell, allow, bear,
succeed in, object to, approve of, cause, compel, expect, force, hate,
5


disapprove of...

instruct,

4. Những động từ vừa theo sau “to persuade,

invite,

like,

press,

need,

order,

request,

teach,

verb” và “V – ing”: advise, attempt, tempt, trouble, warn, want, wish….
commence,

begin,

allow,

cease,

continue, dread, forget, hate, intend,
leave, like, love, mean, permit, prefer,
propose, regret, remember, start,
study, try, can't bear, recommend,
need, want, require….

3. Verb – bare: theo sau tất cả trợ từ: can, could, will,shall, would, may, might,
ought to, must, had better , would like to, needn't, would rather, would sooner,
be supposed to

* Note: Động từ tận cùng bằng e, ta bỏ e rồi mới thêm ing; không bỏ e khi động
từ tận cùng bằng ee. Động từ tận cùng bằng ie, ta biến ie thành ying; động từ tận

cùng bằng y vẫn giữ nguyên y khi thêm ing. Ta nhân đôi phụ âm cuối trước khi
thêm -ing khi động từ một âm tiết tận cùng bằng “1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ

âm”. Động từ có từ hai âm tiết trở lên, ta chỉ nhân đôi phụ âm khi dấu nhấn âm
rơi vào âm tiết cuối cùng.

CÂU TRỰC TIẾP – GIÁN TIẾP

6


I. Những thay đổi trong lời nói trực tiếp hoặc gián tiếp:
1. Đổi thì của câu:

Thì của các động từ trong lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên tắc chung

là lùi về quá khứ.

Cách chia

Hiện tại đơn

He does…

Quá khứ đơn

He did…

Hiện tại tiếp diễn

He is doing…

Quá khứ tiếp diễn

He was

Thì của câu trực

Thì của câu gián

tiếp

Cách chia

tiếp

doing…
Hiện tại hoàn thành He has done…

Quá khứ hoàn

He has done…

thành
Hiện tại hoàn thành He has been

Quá khứ hoàn

He had been

tiếp diễn

doing…

thành tiếp diễn

doing…

Quá khứ đơn

He did…

Quá khứ hoàn

He has done…

thành
Quá khứ hoàn

He had done…

thành

Quá khứ hoàn

He had done…

thành

Tương lai đơn

He will do…

Tương lai ở quá

He would do…

khứ
Tương lai tiếp diễn

He will be

Tương lai tiếp diễn

He would be

doing…

trong quá khứ

doing…

Am/Is/Are going to

He is going to

Was/Were going to

He was going

do

do…

do

to do…

Can/May/Must to

He have to do…

Could/May/Had to

He had to do…

do

do

2. Thay đổi đại từ:
Đại từ

Chức năng
Chủ ngữ

Đại từ nhân xưng
7

Trực tiếp

Gián tiếp

I

He, She

We

They

You

They

Me

Him, Her

Us

Them

You

Them

My

His, Her

Our

Their

Your

Their

Mine

His, Her

Ours

Theirs

Yours

Theirs

Tân ngữ

Phẩm định
Đại từ sở hữu
Định danh
3. Thay đổi ở trạng từ không gian và thời gian:
Trực tiếp Gián

Trực tiếp

Gián tiếp

tiếp
This

That

Tomorrow

The next day/The following day

That

That

The day after

In two day’s time/Two days

tomorrow

after

Yesterday

The day before/The previous

These

Those

day
Here

There

The day before

Two days before

yesterday
Now

Then

Next week

The following week

Today

That day

Last week

The previous week/The week
before

Ago

Before

Last week

The previous year/The year
before

II. Câu hỏi trong lời nói gián tiếp:
1. Câu hỏi bắt đầu với các trợ động từ: Ta thêm “If” hoặc “Whether”

2. Câu hỏi bắt đầu who, whom, what, which, where, when, why, how: Các

từ để hỏi trên sẽ được giữ nguyên trong câu gián tiếp.

3. Các dạng đặc biệt của câu hỏi trong lời nói gián tiếp:
a. “Shall/Would” dùng để diễn tả đề nghị, lời mời.

8


E.g: Trực tiếp: "Shall we meet at the theater?" he asked.
Gián tiếp: He suggested meeting at the theater.

b. “Will/Would” dùng để diễn tả sự yêu cầu.
E.g: Trực tiếp: Will you help me, please?
Gián tiếp: He ashed me to help him.

c. Câu mệnh lệnh và câu yêu cầu trong lời nói gián tiếp.
E.g: Trực tiếp: Listen to me, please.

Gián tiếp: He asked me to listen to him.

d. Câu cảm thán trong lời nói gián tiếp.
E.g: Trực tiếp: What a lovely dress!

Gián tiếp: She exclaimed that the dress was lovely.

e. Các hình thức hỗn hợp trong lời nói gián tiếp: Lời nói trực tiếp có thể

bao gồm nhiều hình thức hỗn hợp: câu khẳng định, câu hỏi, câu mệnh lệnh, câu
cảm thán.

E.g: Trực tiếp: She said, "can you play the piano?” and I said “No!”

not.

Gián tiếp: She asked me if could play the piano and I said that I could
24 CỤM TỪ ĐI KÈM GIỚI TỪ THÔNG DỤNG TIẾNG ANH

1. From time to time = occasionally: thỉnh thoảng.
E.g: We visit the museum from time to time – Thỉnh thoảng chúng tôi đến thăm viện
bảo tàng.
2. Out of town = away: đi vắng, đi khỏi thành phố.
E.g: I cannot see her this week because she’s out of town – Tuần này tôi không thể
gặp cơ ấy vì cơ ấy đã đi khỏi thành phố.
3. Out of date = old: cũ, lỗi thời, hết hạn.
E.g: Don’t use that dictionary. I’ts out of date – Đừng dùng cuốn từ điển đó, nó lỗi
thời rồi.
4. Out of work = jobless, unemployed: thất nghiệp.
E.g: I’ve been out of work for long – Tôi đã bị thất nghiệp lâu rồi.
9


5. Out of the question = impossible: không thể được.
E.g: Your request for an extension of credit is out of question – Yêu cầu kéo dài thời
gian tín dụng của anh thì khơng thể được.
6. Out of order = not functioning: hư, không hoạt động.
E.g: Our telephone is out of order – Điện thoại của chúng tôi bị hư.
7. By then: vào lúc đó.
E.g: He’ll graduate in 2009. By then, he hope to have found a job – Anh ấy sẽ tốt
nghiệp vào năm 2009. Vào lúc đó, anh ấy hi vọng tìm được một cơng việc làm.
8. By way of = via: ngang qua, qua ngả.

E.g: We are driving to Atlanta by way of Boston Rouge – Chúng tôi sẽ lái xe đi
Atlanta qua ngả Boston Rouge.
9. By the way = incidentally: tiện thể, nhân tiện
E.g: By the way, I’ve got two tickets for Saturday’s game. Would you like to go with
me? – Tơi có 2 vé xem trận đấu ngày thứ bảy. Tiện thể, bạn có muốn đi với tôi không?
10. By far = considerably: rất, rất nhiều.
E.g: This book is by far the best on the subject – Cuốn sách này rất hay về đề tài đó.
11. By accident = by mistake: ngẫu nhiên, không cố ý.
E.g: Nobody will receive a check on Friday because the wrong cards were put into
the computer by accident – Không ai sẽ nhận được bưu phiếu vào ngày thứ sáu vì
những phiếu sai vơ tình đã được đưa vào máy điện tốn.
12. In time = not late, early enough: khơng trễ, đủ sớm.
E.g: We arrived at the airport in time to eat before the plane left – Chúng tôi đến phi
trường vừa đủ thời gian để ăn trước khi phi cơ cất cánh.
13. In touch with = in contact with: tiếp xúc, liên lạc với.
E.g: It’s very difficult to get in touch with her because she works all day – Rất khó
tiếp xúc với cơ ấy vì cơ ấy làm việc cả ngày.
14. In case = if: nếu, trong trường hợp.
E.g: I’ll give you the key to the house so you’ll have it in case I arrive a littlle late. –
Tôi sẽ đưa cho anh chiếc chìa khóa ngơi nhà để anh có nó trong trường hợp tơi đến
hơi trễ một chút.
15. In the event that = if: nếu, trong trường hợp.
10


E.g: In the event that you win the prize, you will be notified by mail – Trong trường
hợp anh đoạt giải thưởng, anh sẽ được thông báo bằng thư.
16. In no time at all = in a very short time: trong một thời gian rất ngắn.
E.g: He finished his assignment in no time at all – Anh ta làm bài xong trong một
thời gian rất ngắn.

17. In the way = obstructing: choán chỗ, cản đường.
E.g: He could not park his car in the driveway because another car was in the way –
Anh ta không thể đậu xe ở chỗ lái xe vào nhà vì một chiếc xe khác đã chốn chỗ.
18. On time = punctually: đúng giờ.
E.g: Despite the bad weather, our plane left on time – Mặc dù thời tiết tiết xấu, máy
bay của chúng tôi đã cất cánh đúng giờ.
19. On the whole = in general: nói chung, đại khái.
E.g: On the whole, the rescue mission was well excuted – Nói chung, sứ mệnh cứu
người đã được thực hiện tốt.
20. On sale: bán giảm giá.
E.g: Today this item is on sale for 25$ – Hôm nay mặt hàng này bán giảm giá cịn 25
đơ la.
21. At least = at minimum: tối thiểu.
E.g: We will have to spend at least two weeks doing the experiments – Chúng tôi sẽ
phải mất ít nhất hai tuần lễ để làm các thí nghiệm.
22. At once = immediately: ngay lập tức.
E.g: Please come home at once – Xin hãy về nhà ngay lập tức.
23. At first = initially: lúc đầu, ban đầu.
E.g: She was nervous at first, but later she felt more relaxed – Ban đầu cơ ta hồi hộp,
nhưng sau đó cơ ta cảm thấy thư giãn hơn.
24. For good = forever: mãi mãi, vĩnh viễn.
E.g: She is leaving Chicago for good – Cô ta sẽ vĩnh viễn rời khỏi Chicago.
90 CẤU TRÚC VIẾT LẠI CÂU

1. It takes sb amount of time to do sth = sb spend amount of time doing sth
11


E.g: It took her 3 hours to get to the city centre – She spent 3 hours getting to the city
centre.

2. Understand = tobe aware of…
E.g: Do you understand the grammar structure? – Are you aware of the grammar
structure?
3. Like = tobe interested in = enjoy = keen on
E.g: She likes politics – She is interested in politics
4. Because + clause = because of + N
E.g: He can’t move because his leg was broken – He can’t move because of his
broken leg
5. Although + clause = despite + N = in spite of + N

E.g: Although she is old, she can compute very fast – Despite her old age, she can
compute very fast

6. Succeed in doing sth = manage to do sth

E.g: We succeeded in digging the Panama cannel – We managed to dig the
Panama cannel.

7. …so + adj + that + clause = It is such a/ an + N + that + clause: quá đến nỗi mà
E.g: She is so beautiful that everybody loves her – It is such a beautiful girl that
everybody loves her.

8. S + prefer sb to do sth = would rather sb Vpast sth: thích, muốn ai làm gì
E.g: I prefer you not to smoke here – I’d rather you not smoked here.

9. Prefer doing sth to doing sth = Would rather do sth than do sth: thích làm gì
hơn làm gì

E.g: She prefers staying at home to going out – She’d rather stay at home than go
out

10. Can = tobe able to = tobe possible

11. Harly + had + S + VPP when S + Vpast = No sooner + had +S + VPP than S +
Vpast: ngay sau khi .. thì …

E.g: Harly had I left the house when he appeared – No sooner had I left the house
than he appeared
12


12. Not … any more: khơng cịn nữa

No longer + dạng đảo ngữ S no more V

E.g: I don’t live in the courtryside anymore – No longer do I live in the coutryside
13. at no time + dạng đảo ngữ: không khi nào, chẳng khi nào

E.g: I don’t think she loves me – At no time do I think she loves me

14. Tobe not worth doing sth = there is no point in doing sth: khơng đáng, vơ ích
làm gì

E.g: It’s not worth making him get up early – There is no point in making him
getting early

15. It seems that = It appears that = It is likely that = It look as if/ as though:
dường như rằng…

E.g: It seems that he will come late – It appears that / It is likely he will come

late – He is likely to come late – It look as if he will come late.

16. Tobe not worth = there is no point in doing sth: khơng đáng làm gì
17. Although + clause = Despite + Nound/Gerund
18. S + V + N = S + be + adj
19. S + be + adj = S + V + O

20. S + be accustomed to + Ving = S + be used to +Ving /N
21. S + often + V = S + be used to + Ving /N

E.g: Nana often cried when she meets with difficulties – Nana is used to crying
when she meets with difficulties

22. S + would prefer = S + would rather S + Past subjunctive (lối cầu khẩn)
23. S + V + O = S + find + it (unreal objective) + adj + to + V
24. It’s one’s duty to do sth = S + be + supposed to do sth
25. S + be + PII + to + V = S + be + supposed to do sth
26. S + once + past verb = S + would to + do sth.

27. This is the first time + S + have + PII = S + be + not used to + Ving/Noun

E.g: This is the first time I have seen so many people crying at the end of the

movie – I was not used to seeing so many people crying at the end of the movie.
13


28. S + like sth/doing sth better than sth/doing sth = S + would rather + V + than
+ V = S + prefer sth/doing sth to sth/doing sth...

E.g: I prefer going shoping to playing volleyball – I would rather go shoping than
play volleyball.

29. … too + adj (for sb) to do sth: quá để làm gì
E.g: My father is too old to drives

30. Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh) = S + should (not) + be + PII
31. Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh) = S + should (not) + do sth
32. S + like sth = S + be + fond of + sth

E.g: I like do collecting stamps – I’m fond of collecting stamps.
33. I + let + O + do sth = S + allow + S.O + to do Sth

E.g: My boss let him be on leave for wedding – My boss allow him to be on leave
for wedding.

34. S + present verb (negative) any more = S + would to + do sth.
35. S + V + because + S + V = S + V + to + infinitive

E.g: She studies hard because she wants to pass the final examination – She
studies hard to pass the final examination.

36. S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V = S + V + to + infinitive
37. Adj/ Adv + enough (for sb) to do sth: đủ để làm gì…

E.g: The policeman ran quickly enough to catch the robber.
38. To infinitive or gerund + be + adj = It + be + adj + to + V
39. S + V + and + S + V = S + V + both ... and

40. S + V + not only ... + but also = S + V + both ... and

41. S + V + both ... and ... = S + V + not only ... but also...

E.g: He translated fast and correctly – He translated not only fast but also
correctly.

42. to tend to = to have a tendency to: có khuynh hướng

43. to wish = to have a wish / to express a wish: ao ước…

44. to intend to + Vinf = to have intention of + Ving : dự định…
14


44. S1+simple present+and+S2+simple futher =If+S1 + simple present + S2 +
simple futher.

45. S1 +didn’t + V1 + because + S2 + didn’t + V2 = If + Clause

46. Various facts given = Mệnh đề if thể hiện điều trái ngược thực tế.

47. S1 + V1 + if + S2 + V2 (phủ định) = S1 + V1 + Unless + S2 + V2 (khẳng định)
48. S + V + O = S + be + noun + when + adj clause.

49. S + V + O = S + be + noun + where + adj clause.
50. S + V + O = S + be + noun + whom + adj clause.
51. S + V + O = S + be + noun + which + adj clause.
52. S + V + O = S + be + noun + that + adj clause.

53. to visit sb = to pay a visit to sb = to pay sb a visit: thăm viếng

54. to discuss Sth = to have a dicussion about : thảo luận
55. to decide to = to make a decision to : quyết định

56. S + V + if + S + V (phu dinh) = S + V + unless + S + V (khang dinh)
57. S + be + scared of sth = S + be + afraid of + sth

58. Let’s + V = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive

59. In my opinion = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive (quan điểm của
tôi)

60. S + advise = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive

61. Why don’t you do sth? = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive
62. S + V + too + adv + to + V = S + V + so + adv + that + S + can’t + V
63. S + get + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth

E.g: She gets him to spend more time with her – She has him spend more time
with her.

64. S + aks + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth

E.g: Police asked him to identify the other man in the next room – Police have
him identify the other man in the next room.

65. S + request + sb + to do sth= S + have + sb + do sth

E.g: The teacher request students to learn by heart this poem – The teacher have
students learn by heart this poem.
15

66. S + want + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth
E.g: I want her to lend me – I have her lend me.
67. S + V + no + N = S + be + N-less

E.g: She always speaks no care – She is always careless about her words.
68. S + be + adj + that + S + V = S + be + adj + to + V

E.g: Study is necessary that you will get a good life in the future.Study is
necessary to get a good life in the future.
69. S + be + adj + prep = S + V + adv

Eg: My students are very good at Mathematics – My students study Mathematics
well.

70. S + remember + to do sth = S + don’t forget + to do sth

E.g: I remember to have a Maths test tomorrow – I don't forget to have a Maths
test tomorrow.

71. It + be + adj = What + a + adj + N!

E.g: It was an interesting film – What an interesting film.
72. S + V + adv = How + adj + S + be...

E.g: She washes clothes quickly – How quick she is to wash clothes.

73. S + V + Khoảng thời gian = It + take + (sb) + Khoảng thời gian + to + V

E.g: She have learned English for 5 years - It take her 5 year to learn English.

75. S + be + too + adj + (for S.O) + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + can’t + V

E.g: The water is too hot for Peter to drink – The water is so hot that Peter can't
drink

76. S + be + so + adj + that + S + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V
77. S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V

78. S + V + so + adv + that + S + V = It + V + such + (a/an) + N(s) + that + S +V
79. Because + clause = Because of + noun/gerund

E.g: Because she is absent her from school... – Because of her absence from
school...

80. S + be + adj + that clause = S + be + adj + to + V
81. to talk to = to have a talk with…: nói chuyện
16


82. to explain sth = to give an explanation for…: giải thích
83. to photograph = to have a photograph of..: chụp hình
84. to laugh at = to give a laugh at..: cười nhạo

85. to welcome sb = to give sb a welcome…: chào đón
86. to kiss sb = to give sb a kiss : hôn

87. to ring sb = to give sb a ring : gọi điện

88. to warn = to give warning: báo động, cảnh báo

89. to try to + V = to make an effort to/ to make an attempt to + V: cố gắng
90. to meet sb = to have a meeting with sb : gặp mặt
91. to be interested in… = to have interst in…: thích

QUY TẮC ĐÁNH DẤU TRỌNG ÂM
Quy tắc 1: Đa số các động từ có 2 âm tiết thì trọng âm chính được nhấn vào âm
tiết thứ 2.

Quy tắc 2: Đa số các danh từ và tình từ có 2 âm tiết thì trọng âm chính được
nhấn vào âm tiết thứ nhất.

Quy tắc 3: Một số từ vừa mang nghĩa danh từ hoặc động từ thì trọng âm chính
nhấn vào âm tiết thứ nhất. Nếu là động từ thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm tiết thứ 2.
Quy tắc 4: Danh từ ghép có trọng âm nhấn vào âm tiết đầu tiên.

Quy tắc 5: Tính từ ghép có trọng âm nhấn vào âm tiết thứ nhất. Nhưng nếu là

tính từ ghép mà từ đầu tiên là tính từ hoặc trạng từ hoặc kết thúc là đi ED thì
trọng âm nhấn vào âm thứ 2.

Quy tắc 6: Động từ ghép có trọng âm nhấn vào âm thứ 2.

Quy tắc 7: Các tính từ tận cùng là: ANT, ABLE, AL, ENT, FUL, LESS, Y thì trọng âm
nhấn vào âm tiết đầu tiên.

Quy tắc 8: Các từ kết thúc là: HOW, WHAT, WHERE thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm
tiết thứ thứ nhất.

Quy tắc 9: Các từ kết thúc là đi EVER thì trọng âm nhấn chính vào âm đó.
17


Quy tắc 10: Các từ có 2 âm tiết tận cùng là ER thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm tiết thứ
nhất.

Quy tắc 11: Các từ có 2 âm tiết bắt đầu là A thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm thứ 2.

Quy tắc 12: Các từ tận cùng là đuôi: IC, ICS, IAN, TION, SION thì trọng âm nhấn
vào âm thứ 2 từ cuối lên.

Quy tắc 13: Các từ tận cùng là đi: CY, TY, PHY, ICAL thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm
thứ 3 từ cuối lên.

Quy tắc 14: Các từ có 2 âm tiết kết thúc là đi ATE thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm

tiết đầu tiên. Nếu là từ có từ 3 âm trở lên thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm thứ 3 từ cuối
lên.

Quy tắc 15: Các từ tận cùng là các đuôi: ADE, EE, ESE, EER, EETE, OO, OON, AIRE,
IQUE thì trọng âm nhấn vào chính các âm này.

Quy tắc 16: Tất cả các trạng từ kết thúc là đi LY đều có trọng âm nhấn vào
tính từ của chúng.

Quy tắc 17: Đa số các động từ có 2 âm tiết thì trọng âm chính được nhấn vào âm
tiết thứ 2

Quy tắc 18: Các từ chỉ số lượng thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm tiết cuối nếu có kết

thúc là đi TEEN, cịn nếu kết thúc là TY thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm đầu tiên.

Quy tắc 19: Các tiền tố khơng bao giờ có trọng âm mà thường nhấn trọng âm
vào âm thứ 2.

Quy tắc 20: Đối với các hậu tố trọng âm có thể thay đổi theo từ gốc và nếu có sự
thay đổi và trọng âm thì cũng có thể thay đổi về các phát âm.

77 MULTIPLE – CHOICE QUESTIONS OF ENGLISH WORDS
1. The house was burgled while the family was _________ in a card game.
A. buried

B. busy

C. absorbed

D. helping

A. take

B. except

C. agree

D. accept

A. Following

B. According to

C. Hearing

D. meaning

2. I am sorry that I can’t _________ your invitation.

3. _________ what he says, he wasn’t even there when the crime was committed.
18


4. He has impressed his employers considerably and _________ he is soon to be
promoted.

A. nevertheless

B. accordingly

C. yet

D. eventually

A. account

B. tale

C. communication

B. account

C. mind

D. scale

A. charged

B. accused

C. blamed

D. arrested

A. pain

B. harm

A. add

5. He gave his listeners a vivid _________ of his journey through Peru.
D. plot

6. Will you be taking my precious experience into _________ when you fix my
salary?

A. possession

7. The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and _________ him of
speeding.

8. His stomach began to _________ because of the bad food he had eaten.
C. be hurt

D. ache

B. combine

C. unite

D. bank

A. energy

B. admiration

C. surprise

D. pride

A. permits

B. enters

C. delivers

D. admits

9. If you _________ money to mine, we shall have enough.
10. He was full of _________ for her bravery.
11. This ticket

one person to the show.

12. The cow had lost its own calf. but the farmer persuaded it to _________ one
whose mother had died.
A. choose

B. adopt

C. undertake

D. collect

A. elect

B. command

C. vote

D. adopt

A. motions

B. advances

C. advantages

D. opportunities

B. deal

C. value

D. profit

13. If we _________ the plan you suggest, we are more likely to be successful.
14. Science has made great _________ during the past 30 years.

15. He was a much older tennis player but he had the great _________ of
experience.

A. advantage

16. I had quite _________ on my way to work this morning.
19


A. an experiment B. an adventure

C. a happening

D. an affair

17. He always studies the _________ in the paper as he wants to find a good
second-hand car.

A. advertisements

B. publicity

C. announcements

D. publication

18. On my present salary, I just can’t _________ a car which costs over $3.000.
A. pretend

B. elect

C. afford

D. adopt

A. admitted

B. accepted

C. agreed

D. approved

A. alike

B. same

C. likely

D. identical

B. alliance

C. partnership

D. union

A. salary

B. permission

C. allowance

D. wage

A. borne

B. allowed

C. admitted

D. passed

A. study

B. ambition

C. imagination

D. direction

A. account

B. amount

C. number

D. size

19. The girl’s father _________ to buy her a car if she passed her examination.
20. They are twins and look very _________.

21. As a result of their _________ the three small independent countries felt less
afraid of their powerful neighbour.
A. combination

22. When he was a student, his father gave him a monthly _________ to wards his
expenses.

23. Is anyone _________ to fish in this river?

24. His _________ had always been to become an architect.

25. The _________ of ice-cream sold increases sharply in the summer months.
26. If you are bitten by a poisonous snake. it is necessary to be given an _________
as quickly as possible.
A. analgesic

B. antibiotic

C. antiseptic

D. antidote

A. worried

B. curious

C. anxious

D. troubled

A. excuse

B. apologize

C. punish

D. confess

27. I’ m _________ to get the tickets for the show today, as there are hardly any left.
28. The child was told to _________ for being rude to his uncle.
29. He is _________ a very old man but in fact he is only fifty.
20


A. apparently

B. evidently

C. obviously

D. actually

30. As a result of the radio _________ for help for the earthquake victims, over a
million pounds has been raised.
A. appeal

B. call

C. programme

D. advertisement

A. arise

B. come

C. rise

D. happen

A. manage

B. arrange

C. take

D. have

A. caught

B. searched

C. brought

D. arrested

A. came

B. reached

C. arrived

D. got

A. article

B. advertisement

A. assist

B. frequent

C. attend

D. present

A. notice

B. attention

C. regards

D. reference

31. Let me know if any difficulties _________.

32. Could you please _________ an appointment for me to see Mr. Smith?
33. The police _________ her for helping the murderer to escape.

34. When John _________ in London he went to see the Houses of Parliament.
35. I read an interesting _________ in a newspaper about farming today.
C. composition

36. Students are expected to _________ their classes regularly.

D. explanation

37. Before you sign anything important, pay careful _________ to all the conditions.
38. In the central region the dry season is long and severe, and the _________
annual rainfall is only about 70 cm.
A. refreshing

B. general

C. average

D. greatest

A. leave

B. avoid

C. miss

D. overtake

39. The bicycle was moving so fast that its rider could not _________ an accident.
40. As soon as the children were _________, their mother got them out of bed and
into the bathroom.
A. woke

B. wake

C. awake

D. waken

A. axe

B. hammer

C. screw

D. knife

41. This _________ is not big enough to cut down a tree.

42. In the market, the merchants _________ and joked with their friends and
neighbours.
21

A. bargained

B. gardened

A. think

B. bear

A. beating

B. tapping

C. bearded

D. changed

43. He couldn’t _________ the thought of leaving his home town for ever.
C. carry

D. hold

44. The room was so quiet that she could hear the _________ of her heart.
C. knocking

D. striking

C. become

D. increased

45. Through a mixture of greed and intelligence, he has _________ the biggest
landowner in the whole district.
A. grown

B. developed

A. done good

B. been made good

46. The damage done to my house by the fire has now _________.
C. made me good

D. been for good

47. The children will not be allowed to come with us if they don’t _________
themselves better.
A. direct

B. behave

C. declare

D. compose

48. He has adopted three orphans _________ his own six children so that, all
together, he has nine children to provide for.
A. besides

B. except

C. beside

D. in place of

A. wet

B. bitter

C. salty

D. sour

A. blamed for

B. condemned for

49. The two scientists disagreed and a _________ argument developed.
50. The weather was _________ the exceptionally poor harvest.
C. accused of

D. criticized for

51. If you are so senseless as to go on long walks in tight fitting shoes, you must
expect to get ________.
A. scars

B. bruises

C. blisters

A. strong

B. bold

C. encouraged

A. occupy

B. book

C. buy

D. preserve

C. border

D. division

52. After lunch I felt _________ enough to ask my boss for rise.

D. spots
D. bald

53. It is a very popular play, and it would be wise _________ seats well in advance.
54. She began to feel nervous when the train pulled up at the ________ between
Austria and Yugoslavia.
A. edge
22

B. bar


55. When the bill came, he had to _________ money from his brother to pay it.
A. borrow

B. lend

C. loan

D. let

A. basis

B. bottom

C. ground

D. depth

A. bounced

B. sprang

C. leapt

D. skipped

A. brakes

B. controls

C. gears

D. signals

A. seat

B. quarter

C. branch

D. piece

A. going

B. running

C. hitting

D. breaking

A. Rearing

B. Breeding

C. Raising

A. broke away

B. broke out

C. broke through

A. broke off

B. broke down

C. broke out

D. broke in

A. raised up

B. borne up

C. brought up

D. put up

A. flooded

B. cheered

C. started

D. burst

A. burst

B. exploded

C. fell

D. melted

A. explode

B. crack

C. burst

D. overcrowd

B. dealers

C. businessmen

56. The toy boat turned over and sank to the _________ of the pool.

57. The ball _________ two or three times before rolling down the slope.
58. The bus ran over the cliff because its _________ failed.

59. The _________ of the bank where he worked was not in the centre of the city.
60. Large waves were _________ on the seashore.

61. _________ up children properly is mainly their parents’ duty.
62. Several prisoners _________ from their guards and escaped.

D. Bringing

D. broke down

63. The specialist was under so much stress that he finally_________.

64. Well-mannered children have usually been properly _________ by their parents.
65. The audience waited until the curtain had risen and then _________ into
applause.

66. When she heard from the hospital the father had died, she _________ into tears.
67. If you put too many potatoes in that paper-bag it will _________.

68. Every day thousands of _________ fly the Atlantic for negotiations with
American firms.
A. merchants
23

D. tradesmen


69. As there was a power cut in the hospital, the surgeon had to _________ the
operation.
A. call for

B. call on

C. call off

A. came across

B. came by

C. came into

D. came out

A. channels

B. rivers

C. streams

D. canals

A. postpone

B. refuse

C. return

D. cancel

A. interested

B. inclined

C. able

A. care

B. matter

C. disturb

D. depend

A. turn to

B. carry out

C. come on

D. carry on

A. receive

B. accept

C. listen

A. convenient

B. suitable

70. The book _________ two weeks ago.

D. call out

71. The country has a system of _________, most of which date from the nineteenth
century.

72. As we wait no longer for the delivery of your order, we have to _________ it.
73. He’s not _________ of learning German in six months.

D. capable

74. Bill doesn’t _________ what people say about him.

75. Do you mind if I _________ with my work while you are getting tea ready?
76. He spoke so quickly that I didn’t _________ what he said.

D. catch

77. The flat we have rented is very _________ for the underground station.

24

C. comfortable

D. distant