Tài liệu Gathering and Analyzing Business Requirements docx

Course Number: 1585A

Developed with KiZAN Corporation



1099 Part No. X04-99397
Student Workbook
Gathering and Analyzing
Business Requirements


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Project Lead: Shawn Lock
Instructional Designers: Shawn Lock, Michas Sadzak
Program Managers: Mark Bader, Rama Biswas, Teresa Canady
Subject Matter Experts: Scott F. Wilson (KiZAN Corporation)
Graphic Artist: Elizabeth Johanson (ArtSource)
Editors: Joyce Cox (Online Training Solutions, Inc), Todd Duft (Write Stuff), Elizabeth Hui
Reese (Write Stuff)
Production Support: Gabriel Lamazares (S&T Onsite), Marlene Lambert (Online Training
Solutions, Inc)
Manufacturing Support: Julie Challenger, John Williams
Product Manager: Ron Wodaski
Business Manager: Roger Gerdes
Authors: Shawn Lock, Scott F. Wilson (KiZAN Corporation)


Course Number: 1585A
1099 Part No. X04-99397
Contents iii


Contents
Introduction
Introductions ........................................................................................................... 3

Course Materials ..................................................................................................... 4
Prerequisites............................................................................................................ 5
Microsoft Certified Professional Program .............................................................. 6
Facilities.................................................................................................................. 8
Module 1: Course Overview
Overview............................................................................................................... 11
Business Solutions Design Curriculum................................................................. 12
Curriculum Vision and Purpose....................................................................... 13
Courses in the Curriculum ............................................................................... 14
Curriculum Case Study.................................................................................... 15
Overview of This Course ...................................................................................... 16
Course Vision and Purpose.............................................................................. 18
Course Objectives ............................................................................................ 19
Modules in This Course................................................................................... 20
Modules in This Course (continued)................................................................ 21
Activity 1.1: Designing a New Type of Motorcycle............................................. 22
Project Life Cycle ................................................................................................. 23
MSF Process Model for Application Development ......................................... 24
This Course and the MSF Process Model........................................................ 25
Vision Approved Milestone Deliverables........................................................ 26
This Course and the Vision Document ............................................................ 27
Looking Forward................................................................................................... 28
Module 2: Identifying Business Processes, Challenges, and Vision
Overview............................................................................................................... 31
Gathering, Analyzing, and Presenting Business Requirements ............................ 32
Relationship Between Business and Technology ............................................ 33
Gathering Information ..................................................................................... 34
Analyzing Information: Use Cases and Usage Scenarios................................ 35
Analyzing Information: Rationalizing Information ......................................... 36
Presenting Information..................................................................................... 37

Activity 2.1: Reviewing the Process................................................................ 38
Business Processes................................................................................................ 39
Developing a High-Level View of a Business................................................. 40
Defining Business Processes............................................................................ 41
Prioritizing Business Processes........................................................................ 42
Activity 2.2: Identifying Business Processes................................................... 43
The Business Challenge........................................................................................ 44
Business Challenges......................................................................................... 45
Acting on a Business Challenge....................................................................... 46
Vision Statements ............................................................................................ 47
Activity 2.3: Identifying the Business Challenge and Vision Statement ......... 49
Review .................................................................................................................. 50
Guidelines ........................................................................................................ 51
Review Questions ............................................................................................ 52
iv Contents


Looking Forward ............................................................................................. 54
Module 3: Characteristics of Information
Overview............................................................................................................... 57
Categories of Information ..................................................................................... 58
Business ........................................................................................................... 59
Application....................................................................................................... 60
Information ...................................................................................................... 61
Technology ...................................................................................................... 62
Activity 3.1: Identifying Categories of Information ........................................ 64
Sources of Information.......................................................................................... 65
Artifacts ........................................................................................................... 66
Systems ............................................................................................................ 67
People............................................................................................................... 68

Activity 3.2: Identifying Sources of Information............................................. 69
Perspectives of Information .................................................................................. 70
Business Perspective........................................................................................ 71
User Perspective............................................................................................... 73
Activity 3.3: Using Perspectives of Information.............................................. 74
Review .................................................................................................................. 75
Guidelines ........................................................................................................ 76
Review Questions ............................................................................................ 77
Looking Forward ............................................................................................. 79
Module 4: Gathering Information
Overview............................................................................................................... 83
Information Collection Techniques....................................................................... 84
Shadowing ....................................................................................................... 85
Interviewing ..................................................................................................... 87
Focus Groups ................................................................................................... 88
Surveys............................................................................................................. 89
User Instruction................................................................................................ 90
Prototyping....................................................................................................... 91
Activity 4.1: Choosing Techniques.................................................................. 92
Process of Gathering Information ......................................................................... 93
Activity 4.2: Gathering Information...................................................................... 95
Review .................................................................................................................. 96
Guidelines ........................................................................................................ 97
Review Questions ............................................................................................ 98
Looking Forward ........................................................................................... 100
Module 5: Analyzing Information: Use Cases and Usage Scenarios
Overview............................................................................................................. 103
Transitioning to Analysis .................................................................................... 104
Requirements and Wants ............................................................................... 105
Synthesizing Gathered Information ............................................................... 107

Activity 5.1: Transitioning from Gathering to Analyzing Information.......... 108
Use Cases ............................................................................................................ 109
Use Cases Defined ......................................................................................... 110
Creating Use Cases ........................................................................................ 112
Activity 5.2: Creating Use Cases ................................................................... 113
Contents v



Usage Scenarios .................................................................................................. 114
Usage Scenarios Defined ............................................................................... 115
Creating Usage Scenarios .............................................................................. 117
Activity 5.3: Creating Usage Scenarios ......................................................... 118
Review ................................................................................................................ 119
Guidelines ...................................................................................................... 120
Review Questions .......................................................................................... 121
Looking Forward ........................................................................................... 122
Module 6: Analyzing Information: Rationalizing Information
Overview............................................................................................................. 125
Organizing and Prioritizing the Current State..................................................... 126
Grouping by Actors and Actions ................................................................... 127
Consolidating Redundancies.......................................................................... 128
Activity 6.1: Organizing Use Cases and Usage Scenarios............................. 129
Determining Requirements, Wants, and Constraints .......................................... 130
Identifying Requirements............................................................................... 131
Identifying Wants........................................................................................... 132
Listing Requirements and Prioritizing Wants................................................ 133
Identifying Constraints................................................................................... 135
Activity 6.2: Determining Requirements, Wants, and Constraints ................ 136
Using Models ...................................................................................................... 137

Benefits of Modeling ..................................................................................... 138
Describing Models......................................................................................... 139
Communicating with Models......................................................................... 140
Static and Dynamic Models ........................................................................... 141
Dynamic Behavior with Use Cases and Usage Scenarios.............................. 142
Activity 6.3: Using Models............................................................................ 143
Modeling Dynamic Behavior.............................................................................. 144
Modeling Activity.......................................................................................... 145
Modeling Interaction...................................................................................... 146
Modeling State............................................................................................... 148
Activity 6.4: Modeling Dynamic Behavior.................................................... 149
Review ................................................................................................................ 150
Guidelines ...................................................................................................... 151
Review Questions .......................................................................................... 152
Looking Forward ........................................................................................... 154
Module 7: Presenting Information
Overview............................................................................................................. 157
Summarizing and Presenting the Results............................................................ 158
Envisioning Phase.......................................................................................... 159
Vision Document ........................................................................................... 160
Solution Concept............................................................................................ 161
User Profiles .................................................................................................. 162
Business Goals............................................................................................... 163
Design Goals.................................................................................................. 164
Activity 7.1: Developing a Preliminary Vision Document............................ 165
Review ................................................................................................................ 166
Guidelines ...................................................................................................... 167