De thi dai hoc nam 2015 lan 1 mon hoa hoc cua Nhat Ban

(liter)

L

0◦ C 1.0 × 105 Pa (=1.0 atm)

(standard state)
(ideal gas)

22.4 L/mol

(molar volume)

R = 8.31 × 103 Pa·L/(K·mol)

(gas constant)
(Avogadro constant)

NA = 6.0 × 1023 /mol

(Faraday constant)

F = 9.65 × 104 C/mol

(atomic weight)

H 1.0
(group)

C 12

N 14

(period)

O 16

Cu 64

Ag 108

(periodic table)

H

(a)

(element)

1

(d)

1
(a)

26
12Mg

(b) Na

27
13Al

Ne

(c) S

Cl

(d) O

F

a

b

(neutron)
(

first ionization energy)

(valence electron)
(electron affinity)

a

c

a

d

b

1

c

b

d

c

d


(allotrope)

2

2

(diamond)

(silicon)

(ozone)

(carbon dioxide)

(rubbery sulfur)

(rubber)

(fullerene)

(graphite)

(phosphorus)

(nitrogen)

3

3

H

(hydrogen chloride)
(diamond)
(iron)

(urea)

(ionic bond)

Cl

(covalent bond)

C

(atom)
(dry ice)

4

H+

NH3

(ammonium ion)

(metallic bond)

CO2

(intermolecular force)

(chemical equation)
2 NH3 + CO2

(ammonia) 17g

(NH2)2CO + H2O

(carbon dioxide) 44g

g

4 g
30

42

48

2

56

61


CsCl

5

(crystal structure)

(a)

(crystal)

(b)

5
Cl–

(a)

(unit cell)

(b)

a

b

4

1
8

8

1
8

4

1
4

8

1
4

4

1

8

1

4

8

8

8

Cs+
Cl–

3


(a)

(ideal gas)

6

(b)

(i) (iii)

6

(a)

P

(b)

V

a

b

i

ii

i

iii

ii

i

ii

iii

iii

i

iii

ii

V
T

4


0.1mol/L

7

(osmotic pressure)

7

HCl

NH3

A

8

KCl

B

Na2SO4

CH3COOH

C

(chemical equation)
aA+bB

K

C6H12O6

cC

(equilibrium)
(equilibrium constant) K

mol

8

A

1.0

mol

B

mol

C

mol

2.0

2.0

0

1.0

1.0

2.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5

5.0

6.0


A

9

D

pH

9

a

0.10 mol/L

HCl

b

0.10 mol/L

CH3COOH

c

0.10 mol/L

d

0.10 mol/L

CH3COONa

0.10 mol/L
H2SO4

D>B>A>C
B>C>A>D
B>C>D>A
D>A>B=C
C>B>A>D

6


(discharge)

10

(silver plate)

(mass)

0.54g

(copper plate)

10

0.6g

0.32g

0.64g

0.16g

0.32g

0.64g

7


3

11

(third period)

(element)

11

Al

NaOH aq

Cl2

HClO
Mg

dil.HCl

Na
S

O2

H2

C2H5OH
SO2

(combustion)

(oxidation-reducion reaction)

12

12
dil.H2SO4

Zn
Al2O3

H2
Fe

H2S aq

(II)

Al
SO2

CuSO4 aq
KI aq

S
Cu

(iron wire)
Cl2

(dissolution)

8

(deposit)
I2

(a)

13

(e)

Cl2

13
(a)

KClO3

conc.HCl

(IV)

(b)
(c)

NH4Cl

(d)

CaCl(ClO)·H2O

(e)

a

NaCl

b

(a)

14

(IV) MnO2

a

Ca(OH)2

conc.H2SO4

c

a

e

b

(f)

d

(atom)

b

e

(oxidation number)

c

d

2

14
( a ) N 2 + 3 H2

2 NH3

(b) Fe + H2SO4
( c ) 2 KCl + F2

FeSO4 + H2
2 KF + Cl2

(d) 2 FeCl2 + Cl2

2 FeCl3

( e ) 2 SO2 + O2

2 SO3

( f ) 2 KMnO4 + 3 H2SO4 + 5 H2O2

a

c

a

f

K2SO4 + 2 MnSO4 + 5O2 + 8H2O

b

d

b

9

e

c

d

e

f

(a)

15

(c)

(metal ion)

15
(a)

dil.HCl

(ion)

dil.H2SO4

(b)
(c)

NaOH aq

Ag+

Ba2+

(ethane)

16

(precipitate)

atom)2

Cu2+

(

)(ethene(ethylene))

(chlorine atom)2

(in excess)

Pb2+

Zn2+

(benzene)

(hydrogen

(isomer)
(cis-

and trans- isomers)

16

(

)

2

2

2

3

3

2

2

3

2

3

2

3

2

3

3

3

4

3

2

4

2

10


(organic compound) (A)

17

(hydrolysis)

(iodoform reaction)

(B)

(silver mirror test)

(C)

(A)

17

18

HCOOCH3

HCOOC2H5

CH3COOCH3

CH3COOC2H5

C2H5COOCH3

C2H5COOC2H5

(aniline)

18
(weak base)
Sn

(nitrobenzene)
CaCl(ClO)·H2O

(oxidation)

(acetic anhydride)

conc.HCl

(reduction)

(reddish purple)
(acetanilide)

NaNO2

11


19

(fat)6.0g

(saponification)

20mL

NaOH aq

1.0 mol/L
(average molecular weight)

19
300

600

675

(structural formula)

20

900

1800

HOOC(CH2)4COOH

66(nylon6,6)20kg

H2N(CH2)6NH2

(condensation polymerization)

kg

20 kg
[
HO

0.16

0.24

]
OC (CH2 )4 CO NH (CH2 )6 NH

1.6

2.4

12

H
n

3.2

4.0