Tài liệu Windows Server 2003 System Administration Part 1 ppt

Windows Server 2003
DNS 安裝設定與管理維護
林寶森

What Is a Domain Namespace?
Root Domain
Root Domain
Subdomains
Subdomains
Second-Level Domain
Second-Level Domain
Top-Level Domain
Top-Level Domain
FQDN:
server1.sales.south.nwtraders.com
FQDN:
server1.sales.south.nwtraders.com
south
south
nwtraders
nwtraders
com
com
sales
sales
west
west
east
east
org
org

net
net
Host: server1
Host: server1
Overview of the DNS Query Process
Query Types
Query Types
Query Types
Query Types
Iterative Query
Iterative Query
The DNS server returns the best answer that it can
provide without help from other servers
The DNS server returns the best answer that it can
provide without help from other servers
Recursive Query
Recursive Query
The DNS server returns a complete answer to the
query, not a pointer to another DNS server
The DNS server returns a complete answer to the
query, not a pointer to another DNS server
Lookup Types
Lookup Types
Lookup Types
Lookup Types
Forward Lookup
Forward Lookup
Requires name-to-address resolution
Requires name-to-address resolution
Reverse Lookup

Reverse Lookup
Requires address-to-name resolution
Requires address-to-name resolution
How Recursive Queries Work
Computer1
Computer1
Recursive query for
mail1.nwtraders.com
172.16.64.11
A recursive query is a query made to a DNS server, in which the DNS
client asks the DNS server to provide a complete answer to the query
A recursive query is a query made to a DNS server, in which the DNS
client asks the DNS server to provide a complete answer to the query
DNS server checks the forward lookup
zone and cache for an answer to the query
DNS server checks the forward lookup
zone and cache for an answer to the query
Database
Local DNS Server
Local DNS Server
How Iterative Queries Work
An iterative query is a query made to a DNS server in which the DNS client
requests the best answer that the DNS server can provide without seeking
further help from other DNS servers. The result of an iterative query is often a
referral to another DNS server lower in the DNS tree
An iterative query is a query made to a DNS server in which the DNS client
requests the best answer that the DNS server can provide without seeking
further help from other DNS servers. The result of an iterative query is often a
referral to another DNS server lower in the DNS tree
Computer1

Computer1
Local
DNS Server
Local
DNS Server
nwtraders.com
nwtraders.com
Root Hint (.)
Root Hint (.)
.com
.com
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Iterative Query
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How Root Hint Works
Root hints are DNS resource records stored on a DNS server that list
the IP addresses for the DNS root servers
Root hints are DNS resource records stored on a DNS server that list
the IP addresses for the DNS root servers
microsoft
microsoft
Corp. or ISP
DNS Servers
Corp. or ISP
DNS Servers
Root Hints
Root Hints
Local
DNS Server
Local
DNS Server

InterNIC
Root (.) Servers
InterNIC
Root (.) Servers
com
com
Computer1
Computer1
How Forwarders Work
A forwarder is a DNS server designated by other internal DNS servers to
forward queries for resolving external or offsite DNS domain names
A forwarder is a DNS server designated by other internal DNS servers to
forward queries for resolving external or offsite DNS domain names
Computer1
Computer1
nwtraders.com
nwtraders.com
Root Hint (.)
Root Hint (.)
.com
.com
Iterative Query
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DNS Server
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DNS Server
Forwarder
Forwarder
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What Is a DNS Zone?
Nwtraders
Nwtraders
West

West
South
South
Support
Support
Sales
Sales
Training
Training
North
North
What Are DNS Zone Types?
Zones Description
Primary
Read/write copy of a DNS database
Secondary
Read-only copy of a DNS database
Stub
Copy of a zone containing limited records
Read/Write
Read-Only
Copy of
limited
records
Selecting Zone Data Location
Standard Zones
Primary Zone Secondary Zone
Change
Change
Zone Transfer

Active Directory Integrated Zones
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Zone Transfer
Configuring Standard Zones
•
You can configure a DNS server to host standard primary zones,
standard secondary zones, or any combination of zones
•
You can designate a primary server or a secondary server as a
master server for a standard secondary zone
DNS Server A
A
A
DNS Server B
B
B
Secondary Zone
(Master DNS Server =
DNS Server A)
C
C
DNS Server C
Secondary Zone
(Master DNS Server =
DNS Server A)

Primary Zone
Zone
Information
What Are Resource Records and Record Types?
Record type Description
A Resolves a host name to an IP address
PTR Resolves an IP address to a host name
SOA The first record in any zone file
SRV Resolves names of servers providing services
NS Identifies the DNS server for each zone
MX The mail server
CNAME Resolves from a host name to a host name