SQL Server - Bài 3

T-SQL for Data
Manipulation
Vu Tuyet Trinh

Hanoi University of Technology
1
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Overview of Transact-SQL

Based on AINSI SQL 92 standard

Composing of three categories

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

Data Definition Language (DDL)

Data Control Language (DCL)

Having some Microsoft specific extensions

Beyond relational data

.net framework integration
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Outline
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Selecting Data from Existing Tables

Inserting Data


Updating Data

Deleting Data

Fulltext Serach
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Select Data

The simple syntax to select the items
from the exit table is:
select <the items >
from <name of table>
where <conditions>

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Select Data
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You can change the name of the items in the table:
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Select Data
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You can insert some items as following:
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Select
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Example a function ‘count’ to count the columns of the
table:
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Select Data


You can use some functions or some operations in the
Select Statement:
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Select Data
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Select Data

Maths
Functions
Functions
String
Functions

The Time
functions
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- ASCII()
- CHAR()
- UPPER()
- LOWER()
- LEN()
- LTRIM()
- RTRIM()
- LEFT()
- RIGHT()
- AVG()
- MIN()
- MAX()
- SUM()
- COUNT()

- SQUARE()
- SQRT()
- ROUND()
- GETDATE()
-
DATEPART(YY,g
etdate())
-
DATEDIFF(X,Y,Z)
-
DAY(),MONTH(),
YEAR()
Select Data
Maths String Time
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Select Data

Besides, there are some functions to convert the data
type:

- CAST()

- CONVERT()
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Select
Select
Order by….ect…
Join..on
Cross join
Group by

Oder by
Compute
For
Into
Having
With
Except ,
Intersect
Union
Option
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Select-With statement
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Specifies a temporary named result set, known as a common
table expression (CTE).
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Select-Order by
-
You can arrange the result follow the first letter by using the
order by statement:
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Select-multiple tables

You can select the items from more than a table as
following:

With “outer join”:
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Select – multiple tables


Inner join:
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Select-multiple tables
-
When you select from more than 1 table, you can use the join…
on statement or you can use the cross join statement. With the
cross join statement, you don’t have to have to relative
condition between the tables and the result is all the Objects:
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Select-multiple tables
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Select-multiple tables
-
You can select from many tables, and create a new table to store
that result:

Now, you can refresh the sql folder, and you can see the new
table named newtbl as the following:
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Select-multiple tables
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Select-merge

A new feature in SQL2008 is merge statement. You can merge 2 or
more tables:
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Select-Group by

Specifies the groups into which output rows are to be placed. If aggregate
functions are included in the SELECT clause <select list>, GROUP BY

calculates a summary value for each group.
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Select-Having
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Specifies a search condition for a group or an aggregate

HAVING is typically used in a GROUP BY clause. When
GROUP BY is not used, HAVING behaves like a WHERE
clause.
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