SQL Server - Bài 4

T-SQL for Data Definition
Vu Tuyet Trinh

Hanoi University of Technology
1
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Overview of Transact-SQL

Based on AINSI SQL 92 standard

Composing of three categories

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

Data Definition Language (DDL)

Data Control Language (DCL)

Having some Microsoft specific extensions

Beyond relational data

.net framework integration
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Data Definition Language

Create
used to create databases and their objects.

Use
allows you to specify the database you wish to work with within

your DBMS.

Alter
used to modify the definition of it without deleting it

Drop
used to remove entire database objects
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Overview of Database Objects
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Outline
√
Data Definition Language

Managing Databases

Data Types

Managing Tables

Managing other SQL Server Objects
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Databases in SQL Server

Database
Storing data and other database
objects

Database Snapshot


Maintain historical data for report
generation

Safeguard data against
administrative error

Safeguard data against user error
SQL Server
Enterprise Edition
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Creating a New Database

Factors to consider

Default: Sysadmin, dbcreator

Creator becomes the owner

Maximum of 32,767 per server

Follow naming rules
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Creating a New Database

Some arguments:

The name of the database

The size of the database


The files where the database will reside
CREATE DATABASE Sample
ON
PRIMARY ( NAME=SampleData,
FILENAME='c:\Program Files\..\..\Data\Sample.mdf',
SIZE=10MB,
MAXSIZE=15MB,
FILEGROWTH=20%)
LOG ON
( NAME=SampleLog,
FILENAME= 'c:\Program Files\..\..\Data\Sample.ldf',
SIZE=3MB,
MAXSIZE=5MB,
FILEGROWTH=1MB)
COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_Cp1_CI_AS
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Setting & Viewing Database Options

Set Database Options By Using:

SQL Server Management Studio

ALTER DATABASE statement

Database Option Categories

Auto options

Cursor options


Recovery options

SQL options

State options
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Retrieving Database Information

Determining database properties by using the
DATABASEPROPERTYEX Function

SELECT DATABASEPROPERTYEX
(‘pubs’,’useraccess’)

SELECT DATABASEPROPERTYEX
(‘pubs’,’recovery’)

Using system stored procedures to display
information about databases and its parameters

sp_helpdb

sp_helpdb database_name

sp_spaceused [objname]
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Attaching an Existing Database
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Creating a Snapshot Database
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Managing Databases

Managing Data and Log File Growth

Monitoring and Expanding a Transaction Log

Shrinking a Database or File

Dropping a Database
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Managing Data and Log File Growth
ALTER DATABASE Sample
MODIFY FILE ( NAME = 'SampleLog',
SIZE = 15MB)
GO
ALTER DATABASE Sample
ADD FILE
(NAME = SampleData2,
FILENAME='c:\Program Files\..\..\
Data\Sample2.ndf',
SIZE=15MB,
MAXSIZE=20MB)
GO

Using Automatic File Growth

Expanding Database Files

Adding Secondary Database Files
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Monitoring and Expanding a Transaction Log

Monitoring the log

Monitoring situations that produce extensive
log activity

Mass loading of data into indexed table

Large transactions

Performing logged text or image operations

Expanding the log when necessary
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Shrinking a Database or File

Shrinking an Entire Database

Shrinking a Data File in the Database

Shrinking a Database Automatically
Set autoshrink database option to true
DBCC SHRINKDATABASE (Sample, 25)
DBCC SHRINKFILE (Sample_Data, 10)
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Dropping a Database
DROP DATABASE Northwind, pubs

Methods of Dropping a Database


SQL Server Enterprise Manager

DROP DATABASE statement

Restrictions on Dropping a Database

While it is being restored

When a user is connected to it

When publishing as part of replication

If it is a system database
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Outline
√
Data Definition Language
√
Managing Databases

Data Types

Managing Tables

Managing other SQL Server Objects