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The Design of Rolling Bearing Mountings
PDF 1/8:
Contents
Rolling Bearings
FAG OEM und Handel AG Publ. No. WL 00 200/5 EA
The Design of
Rolling Bearing Mountings
Design Examples covering
Machines, Vehicles and Equipment
Publ. No. WL 00 200/5 EA
FAG OEM und Handel AG
A company of the FAG Kugelfischer Group
Postfach 1260 · D-97419 Schweinfurt
Telephone (0 97 21) 91-0 · Telefax (0 97 21) 91 34 35
Telex 67345-0 fag d
Preface
This publication presents design examples covering
various machines, vehicles and equipment having one
thing in common: rolling bearings.
For this reason the brief texts concentrate on the roll-
ing bearing aspects of the applications. The operation
of the machine allows conclusions to be drawn about
the operating conditions which dictate the bearing
type and design, the size and arrangement, fits, lubri-
cation and sealing.
Important rolling bearing engineering terms are print-
ed in italics. At the end of this publication they are
summarized and explained in a glossary of terms, some
supplemented by illustrations.
Contents
Example Title PDF

PRIME MOTORS,
ELECTRIC MOTORS
1 Traction motor for electric standard-gauge
locomotives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
2 Traction motor for electric
commuter trains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
3 Three-phase current standard motor . . . 2/8
4 Electric motor for domestic appliances . . 2/8
5 Drum of a domestic washing machine . . 2/8
6 Vertical-pump motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
7 Mine fan motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
POWER ENGINEERING
8 Rotor of a wind energy plant . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
METALWORKING MACHINES
Work spindles of machine tools . . . . . . . 2/8
9 Drilling and milling spindle . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
10 NC-lathe main spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
11 CNC-lathe main spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
12 Plunge drilling spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
13 High-speed motor milling spindle . . . . . 2/8
14 Motor spindle of a lathe . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
15 Vertical high-speed milling spindle . . . . . 2/8
16 Bore grinding spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
17 External cylindrical grinding spindle . . . 2/8
18 Surface grinding spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
Other bearing arrangements
19 Rotary table of a vertical lathe . . . . . . . . . 2/8
20 Tailstock spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
21 Rough-turning lathe for round bars
and pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8

22 Flywheel of a car body press . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
MACHINERY FOR WORKING AND
PROCESSING NON-METALLIC
MATERIALS
23 Vertical wood milling spindle . . . . . . . . . 3/8
24 Double-shaft circular saw . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
25 Rolls for a plastic calender . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
STATIONARY GEARS
26 Infinitely variable gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
27 Spur gear transmission for a reversing
rolling stand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
28 Marine reduction gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
29 Bevel gear – spur gear transmission . . . . . 3/8
30 Double-step spur gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
31 Worm gear pair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
Example Title PDF
MOTOR VEHICLES
Automotive gearboxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
32 Passenger car transmission . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
33 Manual gearbox for trucks . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
Automotive differentials . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
34 Final drive of a passenger car . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
Automotive wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
35 Driven and steered front wheel of a
front drive passenger car . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
36 Driven and non-steered rear wheel of a
rear drive passenger car . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
37 Driven and non-steered rear wheel of a
rear drive truck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
38 Steering king pin of a truck . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8

39 Shock absorbing strut for the front
axle of a car . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
Other automotive bearing arrangements
40 Water pump for passenger car and
truck engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/8
41 Belt tensioner for passenger car engines . 3/8
RAIL VEHICLES
Wheelsets
42 Axle box roller bearings of an Intercity
train carriage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
43-44 UIC axle box roller bearings for
freight cars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
45 Axle box roller bearings of series
120's three-phase current locomotive . . . 4/8
46 Axle box roller bearings for an ICE
driving unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
47 Axle box roller bearings for the Channel
tunnel's freight engine, class 92 . . . . . . . 4/8
48 Axle box roller bearings for an
underground train . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
49 Axle box roller bearings for a light rail
vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
50 Axle box roller bearings according to
A.A.R. standard and modified types . . . . 4/8
51 Kiln trucks for sand lime brick works . . . 4/8
Drives
52 Universal quill drive for threephase
current locomotives of series 120 . . . . . . 4/8
53 Suspension bearing arrangement
for electric goods train locomotive . . . . . 4/8

54 Spur gear transmission for the
underground or subway . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
55 Bevel gear transmission for city trains . . . 4/8
Contents
Example Title PDF
SHIPBUILDING
Rudder shafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
56-57 Spherical roller bearings as rudder
shaft bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
58-59 Spherical roller thrust bearings as
rudder carriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
60 Spade-type rudder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
Ship shafts
61-62 Ship shaft bearings and stern tube
bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
63-64 Ship shaft thrust blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/8
PAPER MACHINES
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
65 Refiners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
66 Suction rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
67 Central press rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
68 Dryer rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
69 Guide rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
70 Calender thermo rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
71 Anti-deflection rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
72 preader rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
LIFTING AND CONVEYING
EQUIPMENT
Aerial ropeways, rope sheaves
73 Run wheel of a material ropeway . . . . . . 5/8

74 Rope return sheaves of passenger
ropeway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
75 Rope sheave (underground mining) . . . . 5/8
76 Rope sheave of a pulley block . . . . . . . . . 5/8
Cranes, lift trucks
77 Crane pillar mounting with a spherical
roller thrust bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
78 Crane pillar mounting with a spherical
roller thrust bearing and a spherical
roller bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
79 Roller track assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
80 Crane run wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
81 Crane hook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
82 Mast guidance bearings of a
fork lift truck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
Belt conveyors
83 Head pulley of a belt conveyor . . . . . . . . 5/8
84 Internal bearings for the tension/
take-up pulley of a belt conveyor . . . . . . 5/8
85 Rigid idlers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
86 Idler garland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
Example Title PDF
Excavators and bucket elevators
87 Bucket wheel shaft of a bucket wheel
excavator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
88 Bottom sprocket of a bucket chain
dredger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/8
89 Drive unit of a finished-goods elevator . . 5/8
CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY
90 Driving axle of a construction machine . 6/8

91 Vibrating road roller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
RAW MATERIAL PROCESSING
Crushers and mills
92 Double toggle jaw crusher . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
93 Hammer mill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
94 Double-shaft hammer crusher . . . . . . . . 6/8
95 Ball tube mill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
96 Support roller of a rotary kiln . . . . . . . . . 6/8
Vibrating machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
97 Two-bearing screen with circle throw . . . 6/8
98 Two-bearing screen with straight-line
motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
99 Four-bearing screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
100 Vibrator motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
STEEL MILL AND ROLLING MILL
EQUIPMENT
101-103 Large-capacity converters . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
104 Roll bearings of a non-reversing four-
high cold rolling stand for aluminium . . 6/8
105 Work rolls for the finishing section of a
four-high hot wide strip mill . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
106 Roll mountings of a two-high ingot
slab stand or ingot billet stand . . . . . . . . 6/8
107 Combined reduction and cogging
wheel gear of a billet mill . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
108 Work rolls of a section mill . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
109 Two-high rolls of a dressing stand for
copper and brass bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
110 Straightening rolls of a rail straightener . 6/8
AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ·

FOOD INDUSTRY
111 Disk plough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
112 Plane sifter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8
Contents
Example Title Page
PRINTING PRESSES
113 Impression cylinders of a newspaper
rotary printing press . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
114 Blanket cylinder of a sheet-fed offset
press . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
PUMPS
115 Centrifugal pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
116-117 Axial piston machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
VENTILATORS, COMPRESSORS,
FANS
118 Exhauster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
119 Hot gas fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
120 Fresh air blower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
PRECISION MECHANICS,
OPTICS, ANTENNAS
121 Optical telescope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
Radiotelescope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
122 Elevation axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
123 Azimuth axis (track roller and king
pin bearings) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
124 Data wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/8
GLOSSARY
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8/8
The Design of Rolling Bearing Mountings
PDF 2/8:

Prime motors, electric motors
Power engineering
Metalworking machines
Rolling Bearings
FAG OEM und Handel AG Publ. No. WL 00 200/5 EA
The Design of
Rolling Bearing Mountings
Design Examples covering
Machines, Vehicles and Equipment
Publ. No. WL 00 200/5 EA
FAG OEM und Handel AG
A company of the FAG Kugelfischer Group
Postfach 1260 · D-97419 Schweinfurt
Telephone (0 97 21) 91-0 · Telefax (0 97 21) 91 34 35
Telex 67345-0 fag d
Preface
This publication presents design examples covering
various machines, vehicles and equipment having one
thing in common: rolling bearings.
For this reason the brief texts concentrate on the roll-
ing bearing aspects of the applications. The operation
of the machine allows conclusions to be drawn about
the operating conditions which dictate the bearing
type and design, the size and arrangement, fits, lubri-
cation and sealing.
Important rolling bearing engineering terms are print-
ed in italics. At the end of this publication they are
summarized and explained in a glossary of terms, some
supplemented by illustrations.
Contents

Example Title PDF
PRIME MOTORS,
ELECTRIC MOTORS
1 Traction motor for electric standard-gauge
locomotives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
2 Traction motor for electric
commuter trains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
3 Three-phase current standard motor . . . 2/8
4 Electric motor for domestic appliances . . 2/8
5 Drum of a domestic washing machine . . 2/8
6 Vertical-pump motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
7 Mine fan motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
POWER ENGINEERING
8 Rotor of a wind energy plant . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
METALWORKING MACHINES
Work spindles of machine tools . . . . . . . 2/8
9 Drilling and milling spindle . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
10 NC-lathe main spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
11 CNC-lathe main spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
12 Plunge drilling spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
13 High-speed motor milling spindle . . . . . 2/8
14 Motor spindle of a lathe . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
15 Vertical high-speed milling spindle . . . . . 2/8
16 Bore grinding spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
17 External cylindrical grinding spindle . . . 2/8
18 Surface grinding spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
Other bearing arrangements
19 Rotary table of a vertical lathe . . . . . . . . . 2/8
20 Tailstock spindle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
21 Rough-turning lathe for round bars

and pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
22 Flywheel of a car body press . . . . . . . . . . 2/8
1
Traction motor for electric standard-gauge locomotives
Operating data
Three-phase current motor supplied by frequency
converter.
Nominal output 1,400 kW, maximum speed
4,300 min
–1
(maximum driving speed for transmis-
sions with standard gear ratios is 200 km/h). One-end
drive with herringbone gear pinion.
Bearing selection, dimensioning
Collective loads which cover representative load cases
for the motor torque, speeds, and percentages of time
for the operating conditions in question, are used to
determine bearing stressing.
Load case M
d
nq
N m min
–1
%
1 6,720 1,056 2
2 2,240 1,690 34
3 1,920 2,324 18
4 3,200 2,746 42
5 2,240 4,225 6
The collective load is the basis for determining the

average speeds (2,387 min
–1
) and the average driving
speed (111 km/h). For each of the load cases the tooth
load acting on the pinion and the reaction loads from
the bearings have to be calculated both for forward and
backward motion (percentage times 50 % each).
In addition to these forces, the bearings are subjected
to loads due to the rotor weight, the unbalanced mag-
netic pull, unbalanced loads and rail shocks. Of these
loads only the rotor weight, G
L
, is known; therefore, it
is multiplied by a supplementary factor f
z
= 1.5...2.5 –
depending on the type of motor suspension. The bear-
ing loads are determined from this estimated load. For
the spring-suspended traction motor shown, a supple-
mentary factor f
z
= 1.5 is used.
The bearing loads from weight and drive allow the re-
sultant bearing loading to be determined by vector
addition. In this example only the critical transmis-
sion-end bearing will be discussed. The attainable life
L
hna1...5
is determined for every load case using the for-
mula L

hna
= a
1
· a
23
· L
h
[h], taking into account the
operating viscosity ␯ of the transmission oil at 120 °C,
the rated viscosity ␯
1
as well as the factors K
1
and K
2
.
The basic a
23II
factor is between 0.8 and 3. The cleanli-
ness factor s is assumed to be 1. Then, L
hna
is obtained
using the formula:
L
hna
=
100
q
1
+

q
2
+
q
3
+ ...
L
hna1
L
hna2
L
hna3
When selecting the bearing it should be ensured that
the nominal mileage is reached and that, due to the
high speed, the drive-end bearing is not too large.
With the bearings selected the theoretical mileage of
2.5 million kilometers required by the customer can be
reached.
A cylindrical roller bearing FAG NU322E.TVP2.C5.F1
serves as floating bearing at the drive end; an FAG
566513 with an angle ring HJ318E.F1 serves as the
locating bearing.
The cylindrical roller bearing FAG 566513 is an
NJ318E.TVP2.P64.F1, but its inner ring is 6 mm
wider. The resulting axial clearance of 6 mm is required
in order to allow the herringbone gearing on the
pinion to align freely.
Suffixes:
E reinforced design
TVP2 moulded cage of glass fibre reinforced

polyamide, rolling element riding
C5 radial clearance larger than C4
F1 FAG manufacturing and inspection
specification for cylindrical roller bearings in
traction motors which considers, among
others, the requirements according to DIN
43283 "Cylindrical roller bearings for
electric traction".
P64 tolerance class P6, radial clearance C4
Machining tolerances
Drive end: shaft r5; end cap to M6
Opposite end: shaft n5; end cap to M6
The bearings are fitted tightly on the shaft due to the
high load, which is sometimes of the shock type. This
reduces the danger of fretting corrosion, particularly at
the drive end.
Bearing clearance
Due to the tight fits, the inner ring of the bearing is
expanded and the outer ring with the roller-and-cage
assembly is contracted. Thus the radial clearance of the
bearing is reduced after mounting. It is further re-
duced during operation as the operating temperature
of the inner ring is higher than that of the outer ring.
For this reason bearings with an increased radial clear-
ance (C4...C5) are mounted.
Lubrication, sealing
The drive-end bearing is lubricated, due to the high
speeds, with transmission oil ISO VG 320 with EP
additives. No sealing is required between pinion and
bearing so that a shorter cantilever can be used, thus

reducing the bearing loading. Flinger edges and oil
collecting grooves prevent the oil from escaping in the
direction of the coil.
The bearing at the opposite end is lubricated with a
lithium soap base grease of NLGI penetration class 3
(FAG rolling bearing grease Arcanol L71V).
The bearings should be relubricated after 400,000 ki-
lometers or five years, respectively. Multiple labyrinths
prevent contaminants from penetrating into the bear-
ings.
1: Traction motor for electric standard-gauge locomotive