Tài liệu Giáo trình dinh dưỡng gia súc P4 pdf

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giáo trình giảng dạy trực tuyến
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Giáo trình
dinh dỡng gia súc

chơng 4
tiêu hóa và hấp thu




Chủ biên: PTS. Lu Hữu Mãnh
Tham gia biên soạn: Th.S. Nguyễn Nhựt Xuân Dung
và PTS Võ Văn Sơn

Tháng 1 năm 1999



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WKFQVHFWDFGXQJYLFDFGFKFXDWDWUDQJJDQYDWX\'FKWUDQJWLW
UDPWPLWUQJEDVHEDRYYDFKWDWUDQJGRV[PQKSFXDNKLWKF
QWPDFLGFKORUK\GULF
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\X OD FDF JO\FRFKROLF YD WDXURFKROLF ELOLYHUGLQ YD ELOLUXELQ OD VF W PW
QJRDLUDFRQFRFKROHVWHUROYDPXFLQ&DFPXLPWRQJYDLWURTXDQWURQJ
TXDWUQKWLXKRDEQJFDFKKRDWKRDHQ]\PHOLSDVHYDQKXWQJKRDFKW
EHR
 'FKWX\GRWX\WDQJWLWUDFRPWV\XWWX\WDQJEDLWLWUDGFKWX\

NKLDFLGDYDRWDWUDQJKRUPRQVHFUHWLQFJLDLSKRQJUDWOSELXE
FXD UXWQRQDYDR WURQJ PDX.KL QR WLS[XFYL VW XQ KRDQ FXD WX\
WDQJ QR NFK WKFK FDF W EDR WX\Q WX\ WLW UD PW FKW GFK FKD FDF LRQ
ELFDUERQDWH YL QQJ  FDR QKQJ UW W HQ]\PH 0W KRUPRQ NKDF
FKROHF\WRNLQLQSDQFUHR]\PLQFXQJFPDQJQK\WLWUDNKLFDFSHSWLGYD
NKL WKF Q WLX KRD WLQ WL WD WUDQJ +RUPRQ Q\ NFK WKFK EDL WLW FDF
HQ]\PH QK WU\SVLQRJHQ FK\PRWU\SVLQRJHQ SURFDUER[\SHSWLGDVH $ YD %
SURODFWDVH αDP\ODVH OLSDVH OHFLWKLQDVH YD QXFOHDVH .KQJ JLQJ QK
SHSVLQFDFHQ]\PQ\KRDWQJS+W(QWHURNLQDVHVODPWHQ]\PH
GR PDQJ QK\ FXD WDWUDQJFKX\QLWU\SVLQRJHQNKQJKRDWQJWKDQK
WU\SVLQ+RDWQJQ\FXQJF[XFWDFGRFKQKELWU\SVLQYDQKWKWLS
WXFFDFSKDQQJ[XFWDFWQJKRD+RDWQJFXDWU\SVLQUWFELWQR
FKWDFGXQJOQOLQNWSHSWLGEDRJPQKRPFDUER[\OFXDO\VLQYDDUJLQLQ
7U\SVLQFXQJFKX\QLFK\PRWU\SVLQRJHQWKDQKHQ]\PHFK\PRWU\SVLQF
ELW WDF GXQJ OQ OLQ NW VQ SHSWLG EDR JP QKRP FDUER[\O FXD W\URVLQ
WU\SWRSKDQSKHQ\ODODQLQYDOHXFLQ
 (Q]\PH αDP\ODVH FXD GFK WX\ FR FKF QQJ WQJWDP\ODVH FXDWX\Q
QFERWFRWDFGXQJOQOLQNWαJOXFDQWLQKEWYDJO\FRJHQ
 6SKQJLDLFKWEHRFKX\XGRWDFGXQJFXDOLSDVHGFKWX\(Q]\PHQ\
NKQJ WKX\SKQKRDQWRDQFDFWULDF\OJO\FHUROYDKRDWQJGQJODLJLDL
RDQPRQRDF\OJO\FHURO
 &KWEHRULGDGD\GDQJSKQWOQUWNKREWKX\SKQQKDQKVWKX\
SKQFKWEHRFKWUELVQKXWQJKRDFXDPXLPW
 6WLXKRDUXWJLD
 9LQKQJNKXSKQEQKWKQJOXQOXQFRPWOQJWKFQNKDQJ
WDF GXQJ FXD FDF HQ]\PH WLX KRD lt KHR FHOOXORVH  YD FDF KHPLFHOOXORVH
NKQJ EFDFHQ]\PHWURQJEPD\WLXKRDWDFGXQJ/LJQLQODWKDQKSKQ
NKQJWLXKRDYKRDQWRDQNKQJEFDFHQ]\PWLXKRDWDFQJ
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 &QJKRDWQJFXDYLVLQKYWFKX\X[D\UDPDQKWUDQJFDHFXP
&DFYLNKXQKLQGLQJPFRODFWREDFLOOLVWUHSWRFRFFLFROLIRUPEDFWHURLGHV
FORVWULGLDYDQPPHQ1KQJYLVLQKYWQ\WUDRLWUQNKXSKQYDFDF
FKWEDLWKDLQLVLQKKXTXDODUXWJLDKQKWKDQKFDFWKLQGROHVNDWROH
SKHQROK\GURJHQVXOSKLGHDPLGDPPRQLDYDFDFDFLGEHRED\KLQKQK
DFLGDFHWLFSURSLRQLFYDEXW\ULF7UQKHRPWVQJKLQFXYPFWLXKRD
FKRWK\UQJFKW[FXDPWVORDLWKFQESKQJLDLWURQJPWSKDPYL
JLLKDQ6SKQJLDLGRYLVLQKYWFKX\X[D\UDUXWJD6WLXKRD
FHOOXORVHYDFDFSRO\VDFFKDULGFDRSKQWKHRUWWKSVRVDQKYLQJDYD
WKXQKDLODLNKDF
 9LNKXQFXDUXWJLDFRQWQJKSFDFYLWDPLQQKRP%VHFYWFKXKS
WKXFKRFWK7X\QKLQVWQJKSFDFQKRPYLWDPLQ%WEPD\WLXKRD
OD NKQJ X  DS QJ QKXFXKDQJQJD\YY\FQSKDLFXQJFSFDF
YLWDPLQQ\WWKFQ
  7RPODLVWLXKRDWKXFYQKVDX
DlPLQJWLQKEW
3W\DO LQ
GH[WULQ
EltGDGD\3URWHLQ
SHSVLQ
SRO\SHSWLGSHSWRQГWDFLGDPLQ
  F2tWDWUDQJFRGFKWX\
 3RO\SHSWLGSHSWRQ
7U\SVLQ
DFLGDPLQWSHSWLGSHSWRQ
   7LQKEWαDP\ODVHPDOWRVHJOXRVH
   /LSLG 
/LSD]QLPPD£F''
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  GltUXWQRQFRGFKWUDQJ
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SHSWLGDVH  GLSHSWLGDVH
  3RO\SHSWLGSHSWRQ    SHSWLGDD   DD

   0DOWRVH  0DOWDVH  *OXFRVH   
/DFWDVH
 /DFWRVH    JOXFRVHГJDODFWRVH
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FWLSWXFFKX\QFK&RQKLXFKWYQFKX\QNKDFPFGXPWFKWFR
WKYQFKX\QKQPWGQJFKW7KXGXFKWYQFKX\Q[\ORVHFRWKYQ
FKX\QJOXFRVHiQQD\FDFKLXELWYWQKFKWFXDFDFFKWYQFKX\QUW
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FRQKDQFKPFGXPWSKFFKWYQFKX\Q'JOXFRVHDFSKQOSW
WLXYLQKXQJFXDFKXWQJFKRELWSKQWOQJFXDQROD
3KQJSKDSKSWKXWKEDJRLODSKQJSKDSPEDRFHOOGULQNLQJKD\OD
SLQRF\WRVLVFDFWEDR FR NKD QQJQKQFKPFDFSKQWOQWURQJGXQJGFK
KRFWKWUHR4XDWUQKQ\FELWUWTXDQWURQJWKXVVLQKEXPHQK
RFDFLPPXQRJOREXOLQFRPWFKSWKXNKQJEWKD\L

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FKX\QFKX\QFKTXDPDQJWEDRYDRKWKQJFDFXDJDQ7OKSWKXFDF
QJ UW NKDF QKDX lt FXQJ PW QQJ  JDORDFWRVH JOXFRVH IUXFWRVH
PDQQRVH[\ORVHKRFDUDELQRVHFKSWKXJLDPGQWKHRWKWWURQJOQJ
6KSWKXFKWEHR
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FKQK[DFFDFPLFHOOHQQD\YQFKDKRDQWRDQKLXURQKQJQJLWDFKR
UQJFDFWKDQKSKQFXDOLSLGFKSWKXYDRWURQJWEDRQK\FXDNKQJ
WUDQJEQJMHMXQXPFDFKNKX\FKWDQWURQJNKLRPXLPWFKSWKXFKX
QJ  KL WUDQJ LOHXP 7LS WKHR VDX V KS WKX FR V WDL WQJ KS FDF
WULDF\OJO\FHUROWKDQKFK\ORPLFURQHQKQJKDWPQKRVDXRFKXQJLYDRFDF
QJ GQJ WUS FXDQKXQJPDRL YDR QJ QJF YD QKSYDRKWKQJWXQ
KRDQFKXQJ&DFFKWEHRFRPDFKQJQKRFWUXQJEQKQKPVDNKQJ\X
FXPXLPWKRFKQKWKDQKFDFPLFHOOHFKXQJFRWKFKSWKXQKDQKWUF
WLSWYDFKWEDRUXWYDRKWKQJFD
6KSWKXSURWHLQ
6DQSKPWLXKRDFXLFXQJSURWHLQODFDFDPLQRDFLGYDFDFROLJRYDSHSWLG
QKR &KXQJ L YDR W EDR ELX P FXD UXW QRQ QL \ FKXQJ VH F FDF
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UXWQRQEQJFRQQJFKXQJSKQOQSKXWKXFYDRVFRPWFXD1D
FKXQJFDQWQKPDFKFDULQJDQ1DNKQJFQWKLWWURQJWUQJ
KSKSWKXJO\FLQSUROLQHYDO\VLQH
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6KSWKXFKWNKRDQJEQJFDFKODNKX\FKWDQYDEQJFKWFKX\QFK
7X\QKLQVWUDRLFKQK[DFFDFFKWNKRDQJFKDFPWD\X7KGX
LYLVKSWKX&DFLXKRDEQJGHK\GURFKROHFDOFLIHURO7KFQ
FRS+WKSWKFKKSFKRVKSWKX&DQKQJVKSWKX&DEFFKELV
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SK\WDWH6GWKD&DKRF3FXQJDQKKQJWLVKSWKXFDFFKWNKDF6
KSWKX&DFXQJEDQKKQJGRQKXFXFXDFRQYW7KGXVKSWKX&D
WURQJEPD\WLXKRDFXDJDPDLHNKLFRVWKDQKOSYRWUQJFDRKQNKL
WX\QYRNKQJKRDWQJ
6KSWKXFKWVWSKXWKXFUWOQYDRQJXQWKFQFXDNKXSKQltFRQ
YWWUQJWKDQKVKSWKXFKWVWNHPQKQJNKLFRQYWEWKLXPDXKRF
JLDLRDQPDQJWKDLWKQKXFXVWVHFDRKQGRRVKSWKXFKWVWVHJLD
WQJ6WKLXPDXGRWKLXVWFROHGR KDPOQJFKWVWWURQJNKXSKQ
WKS7KQJKLPFKQJPLQKUQJNKLFKREWKLXPDXGRWKLXVWWKFRWK
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6KSWKX=QJLQJQK)H&DFFKVKS=Q
,RGLQHFRPWFKX\XQKODQJXQ,YFFRWURQJWKFYWQKQJWUDLODL
WKFQQJYWFKD,GDQJKXF1JLWDQJKUQJ,KXFKSWKXNHP
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NKX\FKWDQQJLDQ%QWURQJWEDRFKXQJVHNWKSYLFDFSURWHLQL
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DPPRQLXPFXQJFVGXQJ
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