OWNER 151

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TRƯƠNG THPT LIÊN SƠN
(Đề thi gồm: 05 trang)

ĐỀ KTCL ƠN THI THPT QUỐC GIA NĂM 20172018
Mơn: TIẾNG ANH – ĐÊ SỐ 151
Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát
đề

Ho va tên thi sinh:……………………………………………………………………. SBD:…………………………
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part
differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. stationary
B. vacancy
C. paperwork
D. garage
Question 2: A. enterprise
B. extinct
C. explain
D. endanger
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other
three in
the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3: A. admit
B. cancel
C. result
D. improve
Question 4: A. report
B. believe
C. author
D. amaze

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs
correction in each of the following questions.
Question 5: If you take this job, it will be necessary to deal other departments.
A
B
C
D
Question 6: Although the increase in airfares , most people still prefer to travel by plane.
A
B
C
D
Question 7: Hardly he had entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his wallet.
A
B
C
D
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each
of the following questions.
Question 8: _______ today, there would be nowhere for them to stay.
A. Were they to arrive B. If they arrive
C. Had they arrive D. Provided they arrived
Question 9: A number of wildlife reserves have been established_______ endangered species can
have a chance to survive and develop.
A. therefore
B. in order to
C. so that
D. so as to
Question 10: The more you practise your English,__________.
A. you will learn faster

B. the faster you will learn
C. faster you will learn
D. the faster will you learn
Question 11: He advised me_______ the facts before I made a decision_______ the job.
A. considering/ to accept
B. consider/ accepting
C. consider/ accept
D. to consider/ to accept
Question 12: Everyone likes_______ when they have got some success.
A. to congratulate
B. to be congratulating
C. to be congratulated
D. being congratulated
Question 13: _______ my mother_______ my father went to the party. They all stayed at home.
A. Not only/ but also B. Both/ and
C. Either/ or
D. Neither/ nor
Question 14: Hurry up! It’s time we_______ for next week’s examination.
A. have studied
B. studied
C. had studied
D. will study
Question 15 : Pay attention_______ all traffic signs when you are travelling in the street.
A. to
B. on
C. for
D. from
Question 16: _______, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired C. In spite being tired
D. Despite tired

Question 17: You should find a job to live_______ from your parents.
A. dependence
B. independence
C. independent
D. independently
Question 18: An economic_______ is a time when there is very little economic activity, which causes
a lot of unemployment and poverty.


A. improvement
B. depression
C. development
Question 19: Only by working hard_______ your final exam.
A. will you pass
B. you will pass
C. did you pass

D. mission
D. you passed

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to
complete each of the following exchanges.
Question 20: - Tom: “ When are we leaving for the concert? ”
- Kyle: “____________”.
A. Straight away
B. That’s right
C. Certainly
D. No problem.
Question 21: - Mai: “ Wow, I’ve never seen such a nice cell phone, Nam ” - Nam: “____________”.
A. Oh, I don’t know.

B. Thank you. I’m glad you like it.
C. You’re welcome.
D. I agree with you.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning
to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 22: The gravitational forces of the sun and the moon are fundamental in causing ocean
tides.
A. unique
B. essential
C. odd
D. current
Question 23: I will communicate with you as soon as I have any news.
A. be interested in
B. get in touch
C. have connection D. be related
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 24: The breadfruit does well in hot and humid climates.
A. arid
B. watery
C. soaked
D. moist
Question 25: Many California mining towns prospered until the gold ran out and prospectors
moved on to new areas, leaving boom towns to become ghost towns.
A. thrived
B. assembled
C. declined
D. employed
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in
meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 26: They regret not doing business with you.
A. They wish they had done business with you.
B. They wish they did business with you.
C. They wish they would do business with you.
D. They feel sorry for doing business with you.
Question 27: But for their help, we couldn’t have survived the famine.
A. If they didn’t help us, we couldn’t survive the famine.
B. If they hadn’t helped us, we couldn’t have survived the famine.
C. If only they had helped us, we could have survived the famine.
D. We survived the famine without their help.
Question 28: He is said to have taught in a famous university in England.
A. People said that he has taught in a famous university in England.
B. People say that he taught in a famous university in England.
C. People said that he taught in a famous university in England.
D. People said that he should have taught in a famous university in England.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines
each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 29: People should not throw rubbish in the park. People should not cut down the trees in
the park.
A. People should neither throw rubbish nor cut down the trees in the park.
B. People should not neither throw rubbish nor cut down the trees in the park.
C. People neither should neither throw rubbish nor cut down the trees in the park.
D. People should either throw rubbish or cut down the trees in the park.
Question 30: The villagers refuse to leave. Their food supply is threatened.
A. The villagers refuse to leave, so their food supply is threatened.
B. The villagers refuse to leave although their food supply is threatened.


C. The villagers refuse to leave despite their threatened food supply.
D. The villagers refuse to leave because their food supply is threatened.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
Statesmen define a family as ― a group of individuals having a common dwelling and related
by blood, adoption or marriage, (31)______ includes common-law relationships. Most people
are born into one of these groups and will live their lives as a family in such a group.
Although the definition of a family may not change, (32)______ relationship of people to each
other within the family group changes as society changes. More and more wives are performing
paying jobs, and, as a result, the roles of husband, wife and children are changing. Today, men
expect to work for pay for about 40 years of their lives, and, in today‘s marriages (33)______
which both spouses have paying jobs, women can expect to work for about 30 to 35 years of
their lives. This mean that man must learn to do their share of family tasks such as caring for
the children and daily household chores. Children, too, especially adolescents, have to
(34)______ with the members of their family in sharing household tasks.
The widespread acceptance of contraception has meant that having children is as
matter of choice, not an automatic result of marriage. Marriage itself has become a choice. As
alternatives (35)______ common-law relationships and single-parent families have become socially
acceptable, women will become more independent.
Question 31:
Question 32:
Question 33:
Question 34:
Question 35:

A. which
A. a
A. in
A. carry
A. similar to

B. that

B. any
B. for
B. deal
B. like

C. what
C. some
C. with
C. cooperate
C. such as

D. it
D. the
D. to
D. combine
D. or else

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the
atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or materials adversely.
Air pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous change. When the first air
pollution laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited
to compounds that could be seen or smelled - a far cry from the extensive list of harmful
substances known today. As technology has developed and knowledge of the health aspects of
various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened. In the future, even water
vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions.
Many of the more important air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and
nitrogen oxides, are found in nature. As the Earth developed, the concentration of these pollutants
was altered by various chemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycles.

These serve as an air purification scheme by allowing the compounds to move from the air to the
water or soil. On a global basis, nature's output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from
human activities.
However, human production usually occurs in a localized area, such as a city. In such a region,
human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purification scheme of
the cycles. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The
concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that
the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities. The actual concentration need not
be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact, the numerical value tells us little until we know
how much of an increase this represents over the concentration that would occur naturally in the
area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 parts per million (ppm),
which is about 400 times its natural level. Carbon monoxide, however, has a natural level of 0.1
ppm and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm.
Question 36: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. What constitutes an air pollutant
B. The economic impact of air pollution.


C. How much harm air pollutants can cause.
D. The effects of compounds added to the atmosphere
Question 37: The word "adversely" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_____.
A. admittedly B. quickly
C. considerably
D. negatively
Question 38: It can be inferred from the first paragraph that_____.
A. water vapor is an air pollutant in localized areas
B. the definition of air pollution will continue to change
C. most air pollutants today can be seen or smelled
D. a substance becomes an air pollutant only in cities
Question 39: The word "These" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to_____.

A. the components in biogeochemical cycles
B. the various chemical reactions
C. the pollutants from the developing Earth
D. the compounds moved to the water
Question 40: For which of the following reasons can natural pollutants play an important role in
controlling air pollution?
A. They function as part of a purification process.
B. They occur in greater quantities than other pollutants.
C. They have existed since the Earth developed
D. They are less harmful to living beings than other pollutants
Question 41: The word "detectable" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to_____.
A. beneficial B. special
C. measurableD. separable
Question 42: Which of the following is best supported by the passage ?
A. Human activities have been effective in reducing air pollution.
B. Scientists should be consulted in order to establish uniform limits for all air pollutants.
C. One of the most important steps in preserving natural lands is to better enforce air
pollution laws.
D. To effectively control pollution, local government should regularly review their air
pollution laws.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
Learning means acquiring knowledge or developing the ability to perform new behaviors.
It is common to think of learning as something that takes place in school, but much of human
learning
occurs outside the classroom, and people continue to learn throughout their lives.
Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands
to manipulate toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights,
sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to interact with their parents,
siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children

learn basic academic subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics. They also continue to
learn a great deal outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded
and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for interacting with other children.
After they finish school, people must learn to adapt to the many major changes that affect their
lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we do, the
study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways
to educate children. Psychologists, social workers, criminologists, and other human-service
workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors. Employers,
politicians, and advertisers make use of the principles of learning to influence the behavior of
workers, voters, and consumers.
Learning is closely related to memory, which is the storage of information in the brain.
Psychologists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this
storage takes place, and how the brain later retrieves knowledge when we need it. In contrast,
psychologists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a
result of a person’s experiences.


There are many forms of learning, ranging from simple to complex. Simple forms of
learning involve a single stimulus. A stimulus is anything perceptible to the senses, such as a sight,
sound, smell, touch, or taste. In a form of learning known as classical conditioning, people learn to
associate two stimuli that occur in sequence, such as lightning followed by thunder. In operant
conditioning, people learn by forming an association between a behavior and its consequences
(reward or punishment). People and animals can also learn by observation - that is, by watching
others perform behaviors. More complex forms of learning include learning languages, concepts,
and motor skills.
(Extracted from Microsoft® Student 2009 – DVD Version)
Question 43: According to the passage, which of the following is learning in broad view comprised
of ?
A. Knowledge acquisition and ability development

B. Acquisition of social and behavioural skills
C. Acquisition of academic knowledge
D. Knowledge acquisition outside the classroom
Question 44: According to the passage, what are children NOT usually taught outside the
classroom? A. interpersonal communication
B. life skills
C. literacy and calculation
D. right from wrong
Question 45: Getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job are mentioned in
paragraph 2 as examples of_____.
A. the changes to which people have to orient themselves
B. the situations in which people cannot teach themselves
C. the ways people’s lives are influenced by education
D. the areas of learning which affect people’s lives
Question 46: Which of the following can be inferred about the learning process from the passage ?
A. It becomes less challenging and complicated when people grow older.
B. It plays a crucial part in improving the learner’s motivation in school.
C. It takes place more frequently in real life than in academic institutions.
D. It is more interesting and effective in school than that in life.
Question 47. It can be inferred from the passage that social workers, employers, and politicians
concern themselves with the study of learning because they need to_____.
A. change the behaviours of the objects of their interest towards learning
B. thoroughly understand the behaviours of the objects of their interest
C. make the objects of their interest more aware of the importance of learning
D. understand how a stimulus relates to the senses of the objects of their interest
Question 48: The word “retrieves” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to_____.
A. generates
B. creates
C. recovers
D. gains

Question 49: Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Psychologists studying memory are concerned with how the stored knowledge is used.
B. Psychologists studying memory are concerned with the brain’s storage of knowledge.
C. Psychologists are all interested in memory as much as behaviours.
D. Psychologists studying learning are interested in human behaviours.
Question 50: The passage mainly discusses_____.
A. application of learning principles to formal education
B. simple forms of learning
C. practical examples of learning inside the classroom
D. general principles of learning
___________THE END____________
SƠ GD&ĐT VINH PHUC
TRƯƠNG THPT LIÊN SƠN
(Đề thi gồm: 05 trang)

ĐỀ KTCL ƠN THI THPT QUỐC GIA NĂM 20172018
Mơn: TIẾNG ANH – ĐÊ SỐ 151
Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát
đề


Ho va tên thi sinh:……………………………………………………………………. SBD:…………………………
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part
differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. stationary
B. vacancy
C. paperwork
D. garage
Question 2: A. enterprise
B. extinct

C. explain
D. endanger
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other
three in
the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3: A. admit
B. cancel
C. result
D. improve
Question 4: A. report
B. believe
C. author
D. amaze
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs
correction in each of the following questions.
Question 5: If you take this job, it will be necessary to deal other departments.
A
B
C
D
Question 6: Although the increase in airfares , most people still prefer to travel by plane.
A
B
C
D
Question 7: Hardly he had entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his wallet.
A
B
C
D

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each
of the following questions.
Question 8: _______ today, there would be nowhere for them to stay.
A. Were they to arrive B. If they arrive
C. Had they arrive D. Provided they arrived
Question 9: A number of wildlife reserves have been established_______ endangered species can
have a chance to survive and develop.
A. therefore
B. in order to
C. so that
D. so as to
Question 10: The more you practise your English,__________.
A. you will learn faster
B. the faster you will learn
C. faster you will learn
D. the faster will you learn
Question 11: He advised me_______ the facts before I made a decision_______ the job.
A. considering/ to accept
B. consider/ accepting
C. consider/ accept
D. to consider/ to accept
Question 12: Everyone likes_______ when they have got some success.
A. to congratulate
B. to be congratulating
C. to be congratulated
D. being congratulated
Question 13: _______ my mother_______ my father went to the party. They all stayed at home.
A. Not only/ but also B. Both/ and
C. Either/ or
D. Neither/ nor

Question 14: Hurry up! It’s time we_______ for next week’s examination.
A. have studied
B. studied
C. had studied
D. will study
Question 15 : Pay attention_______ all traffic signs when you are travelling in the street.
A. to
B. on
C. for
D. from
Question 16: _______, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired C. In spite being tired
D. Despite tired
Question 17: You should find a job to live_______ from your parents.
A. dependence
B. independence
C. independent
D. independently
Question 18: An economic_______ is a time when there is very little economic activity, which causes
a lot of unemployment and poverty.
A. improvement
B. depression
C. development
D. mission
Question 19: Only by working hard_______ your final exam.
A. will you pass
B. you will pass
C. did you pass
D. you passed
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to

complete each of the following exchanges.


Question 20: - Tom: “ When are we leaving for the concert? ”
- Kyle: “____________”.
A. Straight away
B. That’s right
C. Certainly
D. No problem.
Question 21: - Mai: “ Wow, I’ve never seen such a nice cell phone, Nam ” - Nam: “____________”.
A. Oh, I don’t know.
B. Thank you. I’m glad you like it.
C. You’re welcome.
D. I agree with you.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning
to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 22: The gravitational forces of the sun and the moon are fundamental in causing ocean
tides.
A. unique
B. essential
C. odd
D. current
Question 23: I will communicate with you as soon as I have any news.
A. be interested in
B. get in touch
C. have connection D. be related
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 24: The breadfruit does well in hot and humid climates.
A. arid

B. watery
C. soaked
D. moist
Question 25: Many California mining towns prospered until the gold ran out and prospectors
moved on to new areas, leaving boom towns to become ghost towns.
A. thrived
B. assembled
C. declined
D. employed
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in
meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 26: They regret not doing business with you.
A. They wish they had done business with you.
B. They wish they did business with you.
C. They wish they would do business with you.
D. They feel sorry for doing business with you.
Question 27: But for their help, we couldn’t have survived the famine.
A. If they didn’t help us, we couldn’t survive the famine.
B. If they hadn’t helped us, we couldn’t have survived the famine.
C. If only they had helped us, we could have survived the famine.
D. We survived the famine without their help.
Question 28: He is said to have taught in a famous university in England.
A. People said that he has taught in a famous university in England.
B. People say that he taught in a famous university in England.
C. People said that he taught in a famous university in England.
D. People said that he should have taught in a famous university in England.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines
each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 29: People should not throw rubbish in the park. People should not cut down the trees in
the park.

A. People should neither throw rubbish nor cut down the trees in the park.
B. People should not neither throw rubbish nor cut down the trees in the park.
C. People neither should neither throw rubbish nor cut down the trees in the park.
D. People should either throw rubbish or cut down the trees in the park.
Question 30: The villagers refuse to leave. Their food supply is threatened.
A. The villagers refuse to leave, so their food supply is threatened.
B. The villagers refuse to leave although their food supply is threatened.
C. The villagers refuse to leave despite their threatened food supply.
D. The villagers refuse to leave because their food supply is threatened.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.


Statesmen define a family as ― a group of individuals having a common dwelling and related
by blood, adoption or marriage, (31)______ includes common-law relationships. Most people
are born into one of these groups and will live their lives as a family in such a group.
Although the definition of a family may not change, (32)______ relationship of people to each
other within the family group changes as society changes. More and more wives are performing
paying jobs, and, as a result, the roles of husband, wife and children are changing. Today, men
expect to work for pay for about 40 years of their lives, and, in today‘s marriages (33)______
which both spouses have paying jobs, women can expect to work for about 30 to 35 years of
their lives. This mean that man must learn to do their share of family tasks such as caring for
the children and daily household chores. Children, too, especially adolescents, have to
(34)______ with the members of their family in sharing household tasks.
The widespread acceptance of contraception has meant that having children is as
matter of choice, not an automatic result of marriage. Marriage itself has become a choice. As
alternatives (35)______ common-law relationships and single-parent families have become socially
acceptable, women will become more independent.
Question 31:
Question 32:

Question 33:
Question 34:
Question 35:

A. which
A. a
A. in
A. carry
A. similar to

B. that
B. any
B. for
B. deal
B. like

C. what
C. some
C. with
C. cooperate
C. such as

D. it
D. the
D. to
D. combine
D. or else

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the
atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or materials adversely.
Air pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous change. When the first air
pollution laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited
to compounds that could be seen or smelled - a far cry from the extensive list of harmful
substances known today. As technology has developed and knowledge of the health aspects of
various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened. In the future, even water
vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions.
Many of the more important air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and
nitrogen oxides, are found in nature. As the Earth developed, the concentration of these pollutants
was altered by various chemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycles.
These serve as an air purification scheme by allowing the compounds to move from the air to the
water or soil. On a global basis, nature's output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from
human activities.
However, human production usually occurs in a localized area, such as a city. In such a region,
human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purification scheme of
the cycles. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The
concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that
the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities. The actual concentration need not
be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact, the numerical value tells us little until we know
how much of an increase this represents over the concentration that would occur naturally in the
area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 parts per million (ppm),
which is about 400 times its natural level. Carbon monoxide, however, has a natural level of 0.1
ppm and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm.
Question 36: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. What constitutes an air pollutant
B. The economic impact of air pollution.
C. How much harm air pollutants can cause.
D. The effects of compounds added to the atmosphere
Question 37: The word "adversely" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_____.

A. admittedly B. quickly
C. considerably
D. negatively


Question 38: It can be inferred from the first paragraph that_____.
A. water vapor is an air pollutant in localized areas
B. the definition of air pollution will continue to change
C. most air pollutants today can be seen or smelled
D. a substance becomes an air pollutant only in cities
Question 39: The word "These" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to_____.
A. the components in biogeochemical cycles
B. the various chemical reactions
C. the pollutants from the developing Earth
D. the compounds moved to the water
Question 40: For which of the following reasons can natural pollutants play an important role in
controlling air pollution?
A. They function as part of a purification process.
B. They occur in greater quantities than other pollutants.
C. They have existed since the Earth developed
D. They are less harmful to living beings than other pollutants
Question 41: The word "detectable" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to_____.
A. beneficial B. special
C. measurableD. separable
Question 42: Which of the following is best supported by the passage ?
A. Human activities have been effective in reducing air pollution.
B. Scientists should be consulted in order to establish uniform limits for all air pollutants.
C. One of the most important steps in preserving natural lands is to better enforce air
pollution laws.
D. To effectively control pollution, local government should regularly review their air

pollution laws.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
Learning means acquiring knowledge or developing the ability to perform new behaviors.
It is common to think of learning as something that takes place in school, but much of human
learning
occurs outside the classroom, and people continue to learn throughout their lives.
Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands
to manipulate toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights,
sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to interact with their parents,
siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children
learn basic academic subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics. They also continue to
learn a great deal outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded
and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for interacting with other children.
After they finish school, people must learn to adapt to the many major changes that affect their
lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we do, the
study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways
to educate children. Psychologists, social workers, criminologists, and other human-service
workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors. Employers,
politicians, and advertisers make use of the principles of learning to influence the behavior of
workers, voters, and consumers.
Learning is closely related to memory, which is the storage of information in the brain.
Psychologists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this
storage takes place, and how the brain later retrieves knowledge when we need it. In contrast,
psychologists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a
result of a person’s experiences.
There are many forms of learning, ranging from simple to complex. Simple forms of
learning involve a single stimulus. A stimulus is anything perceptible to the senses, such as a sight,
sound, smell, touch, or taste. In a form of learning known as classical conditioning, people learn to

associate two stimuli that occur in sequence, such as lightning followed by thunder. In operant
conditioning, people learn by forming an association between a behavior and its consequences


(reward or punishment). People and animals can also learn by observation - that is, by watching
others perform behaviors. More complex forms of learning include learning languages, concepts,
and motor skills.
(Extracted from Microsoft® Student 2009 – DVD Version)
Question 43: According to the passage, which of the following is learning in broad view comprised
of ?
A. Knowledge acquisition and ability development
B. Acquisition of social and behavioural skills
C. Acquisition of academic knowledge
D. Knowledge acquisition outside the classroom
Question 44: According to the passage, what are children NOT usually taught outside the
classroom? A. interpersonal communication
B. life skills
C. literacy and calculation
D. right from wrong
Question 45: Getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job are mentioned in
paragraph 2 as examples of_____.
A. the changes to which people have to orient themselves
B. the situations in which people cannot teach themselves
C. the ways people’s lives are influenced by education
D. the areas of learning which affect people’s lives
Question 46: Which of the following can be inferred about the learning process from the passage ?
A. It becomes less challenging and complicated when people grow older.
B. It plays a crucial part in improving the learner’s motivation in school.
C. It takes place more frequently in real life than in academic institutions.
D. It is more interesting and effective in school than that in life.

Question 47. It can be inferred from the passage that social workers, employers, and politicians
concern themselves with the study of learning because they need to_____.
A. change the behaviours of the objects of their interest towards learning
B. thoroughly understand the behaviours of the objects of their interest
C. make the objects of their interest more aware of the importance of learning
D. understand how a stimulus relates to the senses of the objects of their interest
Question 48: The word “retrieves” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to_____.
A. generates
B. creates
C. recovers
D. gains
Question 49: Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Psychologists studying memory are concerned with how the stored knowledge is used.
B. Psychologists studying memory are concerned with the brain’s storage of knowledge.
C. Psychologists are all interested in memory as much as behaviours.
D. Psychologists studying learning are interested in human behaviours.
Question 50: The passage mainly discusses_____.
A. application of learning principles to formal education
B. simple forms of learning
C. practical examples of learning inside the classroom
D. general principles of learning
___________THE END____________