Oilamchi99
BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KINH TẾ TP. HỒ CHÍ MINH
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NGUYỄN HỮU THỌ
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA MỘT SỐ TÍNH CÁCH ĐẾN DỰ ĐỊNH
ĐẦU TƯ CỔ PHIẾU CỦA CÁC NHÀ ĐẦU TƯ CÁ NHÂN
TRÊN THỊ TRƯỜNG CHỨNG KHOÁN VIỆT NAM: VAI
TRÒ TRUNG GIAN CỦA NHẬN THỨC RỦI RO, NHẬN
THỨC KHÔNG CHẮC CHẮN VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐẦU TƯ
LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ KINH TẾ
TP. Hồ Chí Minh – Năm 2022
BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KINH TẾ TP. HỒ CHÍ MINH
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NGUYỄN HỮU THỌ
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA MỘT SỐ TÍNH CÁCH ĐẾN DỰ ĐỊNH
ĐẦU TƯ CỔ PHIẾU CỦA CÁC NHÀ ĐẦU TƯ CÁ NHÂN
TRÊN THỊ TRƯỜNG CHỨNG KHOÁN VIỆT NAM: VAI
TRÒ TRUNG GIAN CỦA NHẬN THỨC RỦI RO, NHẬN
THỨC KHÔNG CHẮC CHẮN VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐẦU TƯ
Chuyên Ngành:
Quản tri Kinh doanh
Mã số:
9340101
LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ KINH TẾ
NGƯỜI HƯỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC:
PGS.TS. TRẦN HÀ MINH QN
TS. NGƠ QUANG HN
TP. Hờ Chí Minh – Năm 2022
3
LỜI CAM ĐOAN
Tôi xin cam đoan luận án là công trình do chính tôi thực hiện dưới sự
hướng dẫn khoa học của Quý Thầy, Cô, tất cả những nội dung kế thừa, tham
khảo từ những tài liệu khác được trích dẫn đầy đủ, chính xác và ghi nguồn cu
thể trong muc tài liệu tham khảo và các thông tin, kết quả nghiên cứu trong
luận án là trung thực.
Tôi hoàn toàn chiu trách nhiệm về pháp lý trong quá trình nghiên cứu
khoa học của luận án.
Tp. Hồ Chí Minh, ngày
tháng
năm 2022.
Nghiên cứu sinh
Nguyễn Hữu Thọ
4
LỜI CÁM ƠN
Để hoàn thành luận án, Tôi nhận được nhiều sự hướng dẫn, hỗ trợ tận
tình, động viên từ Người hướng dẫn khoa học, các Thầy, Cô, đồng nghiệp, bạn
bè và gia đình.
Đầu tiên, Tôi gởi lời cảm ơn đến những người hướng dẫn khoa học Thầy
PGS.TS Trần Hà Minh Quân, Thầy TS. Ngô Quang Huân, đã tận tình hướng
dẫn, động viên, hỗ trợ trong suốt thời gian thực hiện luận án,
Tôi xin cám ơn Ban giám hiệu Trường Đại học Kinh tế Tp. Hồ Chí
Minh đã hỗ trợ và tạo điều kiện về thời gian và kinh phí học tập tại trường.
Tôi cám ơn Cô Nguyễn Quang Thu bộ môn Tài chính Dự án - Khoa
Quản Tri, trường Đại học Kinh tế Tp.Hồ Chí Minh đã tận tình chia sẻ, trao đổi,
để tôi hoàn thành luận án.
Tôi cám ơn đến các thầy, cô giáo, đồng nghiệp, bạn bè và các anh chi
khoa Quản tri, Viện Đào tạo sau đại học của trường Đại học Kinh tế Tp.Hồ Chí
Minh đã chia se, động viên để Tôi vượt qua những khó khăn trong học tập,
nghiên cứu và Tôi cám ơn những nhà đầu tư cá nhân đã dành thời gian trả lời
bảng câu hỏi, là nguồn dữ liệu cho nghiên cứu.
Cuối cùng, Tôi gửi lời cám ơn đến gia đình, vợ và hai con đã thấu hiểu,
động viên và hỗ trợ để luận án này được hoàn thành.
Xin trân trọng.
Tp. Hồ Chí Minh, ngày
tháng
năm 2022.
5
MỤC LỤC
LỜI CAM ĐOAN·······································································i
LỜI CÁM ƠN···········································································ii
MỤC LỤC··············································································iii
DANH MỤC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT······················································ix
DANH SÁCH CÁC BẢNG···························································x
DANH SÁCH CÁC HÌNH VE·····················································xiii
TÓM TẮT LUẬN ÁN·······························································xiv
ABSTRACT···········································································xv
CHƯƠNG 1 - TỔNG QUAN·························································1
1.1 Tổng quan về thi trường chứng khoán Việt Nam······························1
1.1.1 Giá tri vốn hóa thi trường·······················································1
1.1.2 Chỉ số chứng khoán······························································1
1.1.3 Số doanh nghiệp niêm yết······················································2
1.1.4 Số tài khoản ······································································2
1.2 Sự cần thiết của nghiên cứu·······················································3
1.2.1 Thực trạng nhà đầu tư cổ phiếu của nhà đầu tư cá nhân····················3
1.2.2 Khoảng trống lý thuyết qua lược khảo các nghiên cứu thực nghiệm
tại Việt Nam và thế giới ·······················································
1.3 Muc tiêu nghiên cứu·······························································8
1.3.1 Muc tiêu nghiên cứu tổng quát·················································8
1.3.2 Muc tiêu nghiên cứu cu thể·····················································8
1.4 Câu hỏi nghiên cứu································································9
1.5 Đối tượng và phạm vi nghiên cứu···············································9
1.6 Phương pháp nghiên cứu··························································9
1.7 Điểm mới của luận án····························································10
1.8 Cấu trúc của luận án······························································11
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CHƯƠNG 2 - CƠ SỞ LÝ THUYẾT VÀ MÔ HÌNH NGHIÊN CỨU
2.1 Giới thiệu··········································································13
2.2 Lý thuyết tính cách ······························································13
2.2.1 Tính cởi mở (Openness)·······················································14
2.2.2 Tính tận tâm (Conscientiousness)············································15
2.2.3 Tính hướng ngoại (Extraversion)············································15
2.2.4 Tính dễ chiu (Agreeableness)·················································15
2.2.5 Tính nhạy cảm (Neuroticism)·················································16
2.3 Lý thuyết tài chính································································16
2.3.1 Lý thuyết tài chính truyền thống (cổ điển) ·································16
2.3.1.1 Lý thuyết danh muc đầu tư hiện đại·······································16
2.3.1.2 Mô hình CAPM - đinh giá tài sản vốn····································17
2.3.2 Lý thuyết tài chính hiện đại - hành vi (behavioral finance)··············19
2.4 Lý thuyết dự đinh hành vi·······················································24
2.5 Các khái niệm trong mô hình nghiên cứu·····································25
2.5.1 Nhận thức rủi ro································································25
2.5.2 Nhận thức sự không chắc chắn···············································27
2.5.3 Kết quả đầu tư··································································27
2.5.4 Dự đinh đầu tư··································································28
2.6 Xây dựng, phát triển các giả thiết nghiên cứu································28
2.6.1 Đặc điểm tính cách và dự đinh đầu tư·······································28
2.6.1.1 Tính cởi mở và dự đinh đầu tư·············································30
2.6.1.2 Tính tận tâm và dự đinh đầu tư·············································31
2.6.1.3 Tính hướng ngoại và dự đinh đầu tư······································32
2.6.1.4 Tính dễ chiu và dự đinh đầu tư·············································33
2.6.1.5 Tính nhạy cảm và dự đinh đầu tư··········································34
2.6.2 Tính cách và nhận thức rủi ro, không chắc chắn···························35
2.6.3 Nhận thức rủi ro, nhận thức không chắc chắn với kết quả đầu tư·······37
2.6.4 Kết quả đầu tư và dự đinh đầu tư············································39
2.6.5 Ảnh hưởng gián tiếp giữa đặc điểm tính cách đến dự đinh đầu tư······40
7
2.7 Mô hình nghiên cứu và tổng hợp các giả thuyết·····························41
2.8 Tóm tắt chương 2·································································42
CHƯƠNG 3 - PHƯƠNG PHÁP NGHIÊN CỨU
3.1 Giới thiệu··········································································45
3.2 Thiết kế nghiên cứu······························································45
3.2.1 Quy trình nghiên cứu··························································45
3.2.2 Phương pháp nghiên cứu đinh tính và mẫu điều tra·······················47
3.2.2.1 Nghiên cứu đinh tính························································47
3.2.2.2 Số lượng mẫu cho phỏng vấn đinh tính···································48
3.2.2.3 Mẫu nghiên cứu đinh tính···················································48
3.2.2.4 Quá trình phỏng vấn·························································49
3.2.2.5 Thiết kế nghiên cứu đinh tính··············································49
3.2.3 Phương pháp nghiên cứu đinh lượng và mẫu điều tra·····················59
3.2.3.1 Nghiên cứu đinh lượng······················································59
3.2.3.2 Số lượng mẫu khảo sát nghiên cứu đinh lượng··························64
3.2.4 Phân tích dữ liệu và kiểm đinh Bootstrap··································65
3.3 Xây dựng và phát triển thang đo nghiên cứu sơ bộ (nháp)·················65
3.3.1 Thang đo đặc điểm tính cách·················································65
3.3.2 Thang đo nhận thức rủi ro và không chắc chắn····························65
3.3.3 Thang đo kết quả đầu tư·······················································68
3.3.4 Thang đo dự đinh đầu tư······················································68
3.4 Phân tích nghiên cứu sơ bộ······················································69
3.4.1 Đặc điểm nhà đầu tư···························································70
3.4.2 Phân tích Cronbach’s alpha ··················································72
3.4.2.1 Cronbach’s alpha thang đo đặc điểm tính cách··························72
3.4.2.2 Cronbach’s alpha thang đo nhận thức rủi ro và không chắc chắn.····75
3.4.2.3 Cronbach’s alpha thang đo kết quả đầu tư. ······························77
3.4.2.4 Cronbach’s alpha thang đo dự đinh đầu tư. ······························77
8
3.4.3 Phân tích nhân tố khám phá (EFA)··········································78
3.4.3.1 Phân tích EFA đặc điểm năm tính cách ··································79
3.4.3.2 Phân tích EFA thang đo nhận thức rủi ro và không chắc chắn·········82
3.4.3.3 Phân tích EFA thang đo kết quả đầu tư và dự đinh đầu tư·············82
3.5 Đề xuất mô hình nghiên cứu chính thức·······································84
3.5.1 Thang đo và các biến quan sát nghiên cứu chính thức····················84
3.5.2 Tổng hợp các giả thiết nghiên cứu chính thức·····························87
3.5.3 Đề xuất mô hình nghiên cứu chính thức····································88
3.6 Tóm tắt chương 3·································································88
CHƯƠNG 4 - KẾT QUẢ NGHIÊN CỨU VÀ THẢO LUẬN
4.1 Giới thiệu··········································································90
4.2 Mẫu khảo sát và đặc điểm nhà đầu tư trong nghiên cứu chính thức·······90
4.2.1 Mẫu khảo sát nghiên cứu chính thức········································90
4.2.2 Thống kê đặc điểm NĐT cá nhân nghiên cứu chính thức················91
4.3 Kết quả nghiên cứu chính thức (N=465)······································93
4.3.1 Đánh giá hệ số tin cậy Cronbach’s alpha····································93
4.3.1.1 Cronbach’s alpha thang đo đặc điểm tính cách··························93
4.3.1.2 Cronbach’s alpha thang đo nhận thức rủi ro, không chắc chắn········95
4.3.1.3 Cronbach’s alpha thang đo kết quả đầu tư································96
4.3.1.4 Cronbach’s alpha thang đo dự đinh đầu tư·······························96
4.3.2. Phân tích nhân tố khám phá (EFA)··········································97
4.3.2.1 Phân tích EFA đặc điểm tính cách.········································97
4.3.2.2 Phân tích EFA thang đo nhận thức rủi ro và không chắc chắn·········99
4.3.2.3 Phân tích EFA kết quả đầu tư và dự đinh đầu tư.······················100
4.3.3 Phân tích nhân tố khẳng đinh (CFA)·······································101
4.3.3.1 Phân tích nhân tố khẳng đinh (CFA) đặc điểm tính cách.·············101
4.3.3.2 Phân tích nhân tố khẳng đinh (CFA) thang đo RISK và UNCE.·····103
4.3.3.3. Phân tích nhân tố khẳng đinh (CFA) thang đo RETU và INTE·····105
4.3.3.4 Phân tích nhân tố khẳng đinh (CFA) mô hình đo lường tới hạn·····107
9
4.4 Phân tích mô hình bằng phương pháp cấu trúc tuyến tính (SEM)·······111
4.4.1 Kết quả ảnh hưởng trực tiếp và kiểm đinh giả thuyết nghiên cứu·····112
4.4.1.1 Mối quan hệ giữa đặc điểm tính cách với dự đinh đầu tư - giả
thuyết H1.1 - H1.5···································································
4.4.1.2 Mối quan hệ giữa đặc điểm tính cách với nhận thức rủi ro - giả
thuyết H2.1 - H2.5···································································
4.4.1.3 Mối quan hệ giữa đặc điểm tính cách với nhận thức không chắc
chắn - giả thuyết H3.1 - H3.5······················································
4.4.1.4 Mối quan hệ của nhận thức rủi ro và kết quả đầu tư···················
4.4.1.5 Mối quan hệ của nhận thức không chắc chắn và kết quả đầu tư·····118
4.4.1.6 Mối quan hệ kết quả đầu tư và dự đinh đầu tư·························118
4.4.2 Kết quả ảnh hưởng gián tiếp và kiểm đinh giả thuyết··················120
4.5 Phân tích mô hình bằng phương pháp Bootstrap···························122
4.6 Tóm tắt chương 4:·······························································123
CHƯƠNG 5 - KẾT LUẬN VÀ HÀM Ý CHÍNH SÁCH, QUẢN TRỊ
5.1 Giới thiệu·········································································124
5.2 Kết luận···········································································124
5.2.1 Kết quả đạt được muc tiêu nghiên cứu·····································125
5.2.2 Kết quả nghiên cứu···························································125
5.2.3 Đóng góp của nghiên cứu····················································128
5.2.3.1 Đóng góp về mặt lý thuyết················································128
5.2.3.2 Đóng góp về mặt thực tiễn················································129
5.3 Hàm ý chính sách, quản tri·····················································130
5.4 Hạn chế của nghiên cứu và hướng nghiên cứu tiếp theo.··················132
5.4.1 Hạn chế nghiên cứu···························································132
5.4.2 Hướng nghiên cứu tiếp theo·················································133
Các công trình nghiên cứu···························································-1-
10
Tài liệu tham khảo····································································-2Phu luc 1. Câu hỏi nhận thức rủi ro···············································-15Phu luc 2. Câu hỏi nhận thức không chắc chắn·································-15Phu luc 3. Bảng câu hỏi của các tác giả (bản gốc)······························-16Phu luc 4. Bảng câu hỏi khảo sát nghiên cứu···································-18Phu luc 5. Danh sách chuyên gia phỏng vấn sâu·······························-23Phu luc 6. Tổng hợp các thang đo và biến quan sát nghiên cứu chính thức -24Phu luc 7. Kết quả phân tích nghiên cứu sơ bộ·································-26Phu luc 8. Kết quả phân tích nghiên cứu chính thức···························-35-
11
DANH MỤC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT
Từ viết tắt
AGR
CAPM
CFA
CON
DEC
EFA
EHM
EXT
EUT
GDP
HAX
HOSE
INTE
KMO
NĐT
NEU
OPEN
PBC
RETU
RISK
SEM
TPB
TRA
TTCK
UNCE
UPCOM
Nội dung
Tính dễ chiu
Mô hình đinh giá tài sản vốn
Phân tích nhân tố khẳng đinh
Tính tận tâm
Quyết đinh đầu tư
Phân tích nhân tố khám phá
Giả thiết thi trường hiệu quả
Tính hướng ngoại
Lý thuyết thỏa dung kỳ vọng
Tổng sản phẩm nội đia
Sở giao dich chứng khoán Hà Nội
Sở giao dich chứng khoán Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Dự đinh đầu tư tương lai
Kiểm đinh KMO
Nhà đầu tư cá nhân
Tính nhạy cảm
Tính cởi mở - sẵn sàng trải nghiệm
Nhận thức kiểm soát hành vi
Kết quả đầu tư
Nhận thức rủi ro
Phân tích mô hình cấu trúc tuyến tính
Lý thuyết dự đinh hành vi
Lý thuyết hành động hợp lý
Thi trường chứng khoán
Nhận thức sự không chắc chắn
Thi trường Công ty đại chúng chưa niêm yết
12
DANH SÁCH CÁC BẢNG
13
Bảng 1.1. Tài khoản nhà đầu tư đăng ký giao dich cuối năm 2015 và 2020···············2
14
Bảng 2.1. Mô tả đặc điểm năm tính cách······················································14
15
Bảng 2.2. Tổng hợp các giả thuyết đề xuất nghiên cứu······································43
16
Bảng 3.1. Thang đo nhận thức rủi ro···························································51
17
Bảng 3.2. Thang đo nhận thức không chắc chắn··············································52
18
Bảng 3.3. Thang đo tính cởi mở sẵn sàng trải nghiệm ······································54
19
Bảng 3.4. Thang đo tính tận tâm································································55
20
Bảng 3.5. Thang đo tính hướng ngoại··························································55
21
Bảng 3.6. Thang đo tính dễ chiu································································56
22
Bảng 3.7. Thang đo tính nhạy cảm······························································57
23
Bảng 3.8. Thang đo kết quả đầu tư······························································58
24
Bảng 3.9. Thang đo dự đinh đầu tư·····························································59
25
Bảng 3.10. Thang đo đặc điểm tính cách sơ bộ···············································66