Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học:bảo vệ và phát triển sáng tạo chủ nghĩa Mác -Lê nin, tư tưởng Hồ Chí Minh trong tình hình mới docx

BAO VE VA PHAT TRIEN SANG TAO CHU NGHIA MAC
-
LENIN,
Tir Tir^G
HO CHi MINH TRQNG
TJNH HJNH
M^
GS
TRAN
NHAM
I
Ngay nay, nhieu ddng
m
mdng, nhieu
®qiian
diim sft trft nhfti danh la
dfti
chft, dugc tmyen ba qua cac bft viet, bft ndi
hoac cdng khft, hoac bi mft, phft tan rdng rai
khip noi. Thftn chi, hg cdn qua mang
Intemet de tuyen tmyen cho nhiing lufti diem
chdng chft nghla Mac - Lenin va
m
mdng Hd
Chi Minh. Hp hang bft
lam
mdt cupc dao ldn
tiing den, lft ngugc phft tift, xet Ift cac lufti
diem
CO
ban cua chft nghTa Mac - Lenin va

m
mdng Hd Chi Minh tft diem xuat phft den
muc dieh cudi cftng cua nd.
Thye chft dd
la
mdt cudc dau tianh quyet
liet, dai dftig gifta hft he
m
mdng, hai lap
tmdng chinh trj va hai ly mdng ddi lap
nhau.
Tfti
cdng vao chft nghTa Mac - Lenin
va m mdng Hd Chi Minh
la
tin cdng vao
nen tftig tu mdng efta Dang Cdng
sfti,
gdc
re efta chft nghTa xa
hdi;
la
tfti
cdng vao the
gidi quan, eo sd khoa hpc efta dudng ldi
ehinh tri
efta
Dang, ciing cd nghTa la tin
cdng va xda bd nhftng thanh qua each mang
ma nhfti

dfti
ta da dat dugc dudi sy lanh
dao efta Dang trong 80 nam qua.
Dftng trade sy tin cdng dft vd tmh hay cd
y efta nhiing ngudi chdng Ift chft
nghTa
Mac -
Lenin, m mdng Hd Chi Minh, cdng tic m
mdng,
ly
lufti efta chiing ta cd phfti bj ddng,
ne tianh, khdng cdng khai phfti
bae,
lam cho
hp "dugc dang chfti,
Ifti
dftig diu". Mft
khac,
cdng tic
ly lufti
efta ta ciing chua nhfti
rd tinh hudng cd
vfti
di
ciia
viec nhfti thftc
va
vfti
dvmg chft nghTa Mac - Lenin va ta
mdng Hd Chi Minh, budc chftng ta phft

danh gia va Iftn rd.
Cfti
thay rd tinh hudng
cd
vfti
de ay ehinh la cudc khftng hoftig ve
nhfti thftc ly lufti ddi vdi chft nghTa Mac -
Lenin. Le ra, cdng tie ly
lufti
phft khach
quan dftih gia
lai
ve nhiing gia trj dich
thye,
can ban, cd tinh djnh hudng, chi dudng efta
chft nghTa Mac - Lenin, nhihig tri thftc mdi
efta thdi dft
cfti
tiep tuc bd sung, lam phong
phft them hgc thuyet Mac - Lenin, dft sftc
gift dap cac
vfti
de co ban, cap bach do
cudc sdng dft ra; ve nhiing nhfti thftc phien
dien, sai lftn ve chft nghTa Mac - Lenin da
gay ra nhiing hau qua ed hft ve ly lufti va
trong hoft ddng
thye
tien; ve mdt sd
vfti

de
efta ly
lufti
Mac - Lenin khdng cdn phft hgp
va bft cap vdi giai doan hien nay,
la
lye can
ddi vdi m duy mdi tiep tuc phft trien chft
nghTa Mac - Lenin.
Trade
tinh hinh dd, cdng tie ly lufti phft
dugc djnh hudng di vao nghien cftu nhiing
Hnh vyc chuyen sau, lam rd nhiing
vfti
de
cip bach va co ban sau:
Mdt
Id,
nhanh chdng tiep
cfti
vdi nhftng
ly
lufti,
phuong phap lufti hien dft
efta
chft
nghTa Mac - Lenin va dua nd len tim cao
mdi.
Tdng ket va khai quft dugc nhung
budc tiin bd va thay ddi trong ty nhien, xa

hpi va tu duy efta nen van minh nhan
loft
da dugc tich luy cho din nay. Khoa hgc
Mac - Lenin can lam rd mau sd chung dang
48
LY LUAN CHiNH TR! 8-2010
phft trien trong tri thftc efta nhan loft va
trd
thanh chft thi efta
miu
sd chung ay.
Cfti
nhan rd, tren mft bing mdi efta tri thftc,
nhftng khac biet khdng thi vugt qua giua
cic loft quan diim, tradng phai, khoa hpc
Mic - Lenin
cfti
xay dvmg he thdng efta
minh
thdng qua su tranh lufti, cp xft
thudng xuyen theo tinh thin khoa hpc
vol
tit ca cac trudng phai khoa hpc va phan
khoa bpc. Tuyet ddi hda mft
ddi lap
ve he
tu tudng ma khdng tinh den nhan td hgp
ly
cin ke thfta trong tri thftc khoa hgc efta
nhan

loft,
tftc la xa rdi tinh thfti bien chftng
efta chft nghTa Mic - Lenin, hau qua la sy
chftn phft trien efta ehinh ban thfti minh.
Hai la, cdng tic ly
luan
khdng the bd
qua thye te la trong giai doan hien nay,
khoa hgc Mac - Lenin
cfti
nhanh chdng
tham nhap vao tft ca cac Hnh vuc tri thftc
efta nhan loft, trd thanh hat nhfti efta cac bd
mdn khoa hgc xa
hgl
va nhfti van. Chi cd
nhu vay, khoa hgc Mac - Lenin mdi tiip
nhfti dugc nhiing sy phft trien mdi va tim
ra nhiing khai quft chung nhit vi sy phft
trien efta tu nhien, xa
hgl
va tu duy. De
lam
dugc dieu dd, ban than khoa hpc Mac -
Lenin phft dugc bd sung va phft triin,
vuon
len
tftn cao
efta
tri tue, xftng dang gift

vai trd the gidi quan va phuong phap lufti
efta cac bp mdn khoa hpc khac. Yeu cau dd
vugt qua kha nang tri tue
efta
nhung ca
nhan rieng le.
0
day, tri tue tap thi cd tim
quan
ti-png
die biet. Cac chuang trinh khoa
hpc va cdng nghe cap nha nudc nghien cftu
mpt cich tdng hgp vdi sy tham gia efta
nhieu nganh khoa bpc, nhiiu chuyen gia
gidi thupc nhieu
ITnh
vue khac nhau, cho
phep tap hgp dugc tinh hoa tri tue di eftng
gift quyet cac van de ly lufti va
thye
tiin
cip bach va lau dai efta dft nudc.
Ba la, trong khi hpc tap, nghien cftu va
vfti
dung sang tao chft nghTa Mac - Lenin,
cin nim vung moi quan he
bien
chung giua
ly lufti va phuang phap efta chinh ban thfti
bpc thuyit ay. Phuong phap

bien
chiing la
spi chi dd xuyen sudt toan bp hpc thuyet
Mac - Lenin vdi
m each la
mdt chinh the
thdng nhft khdng the chia eft. Nd
la Hnh
bdn
sdng toft
len
tft mdi bd
pbfti,
mdi
nguyen
ly,
mdi lufti diem ma d dd tft ca deu the bien
nguyen tie thdng nhft gifta
ly lufti
va thuc
tien. Chinh vi the, de
bleu
dftng chft nghTa
Mac - Lenin, dieu quan trpng nhft
la
phft
bleu
sau, nam chae phuong phap bien chimg
va nang
lyc

xft ly
vfti
de do cudc sdng dft ra.
Nhu the thi dft cho timg
lufti
diim cy tbi efta
chft ngbia Mac - Lenin cd the bj lac bau so
vdi thuc tien do dieu kien Ijch sft cu the da
vugt qua, nhung tinh thfti bien chftng efta nd
thi
vfti
sdng mai vdi thdi gian.
Nhan manh phuang phap bien chftng
duy vft khdng cd nghTa
la
tft dd cho ring
trong chft nghTa Mac - Lenin,
cii
cdn ed
gia
trj ehi
la
phuang phap, cdn ly luan vi bpc
thuyet thi da loi thdi. Hieu nhu thi khdng
dftng!
Thft
ra, trong chu nghia Mac -
Lenin, phuong phap va ly lufti bao gid
ciing thdng nhft vdi nhau, gin ket chft che
khdng the tach rdi, bdi khdng the nao

nghien cftu va
vfti
dung sang tao
ly
luan,
hpc thuyet efta chft nghla Mac - Lenin ma
lft khdng nam vftng phuang phap bien
chftng efta nd. Phuong phap the hien va
xuyen sudt trong hpc thuyet la linh bon
sdng efta ly
lufti,
cdn ly lufti la san pham
tat yeu efta sy van dung phuong phap vao
thuc tien. Chft nghTa Mac - Lenin ludn ludn
la
hpc thuyet md va khdng ngftng phft triin
chinh la nhd sy thdng nhft bien chftng, su
gin bd hiiu co
giua
phuang phap va
ly
lufti. Chinh
vl
vay, nd mdi xftng dang
gift
vai trd nen tang tu tudng va kim ehi nam
cho hanh ddng efta cac dang cdng san.
LY
LUAN
CHiNH TR! 8-2010

49
Bdn
la,
cdng tie
ly luan .cin
dft ra nhiem
vu vfta
CO
ban, vfta cap bach
la
vin di bao
ve va phft trien chft nghTa Mac - Lenin.
Bao ve la gift vung nhiing nguyen ly,
nhiing quan diem co ban dftng dan va ed y
nghTa phd bien efta ehu nghTa Mac - Lenin.
Phit trien la phft huy, di sau sang tao tren
CO
sd ket hgp vdi nhihig
dieu
kien mdi, van
de mdi, nhiem vu mdi phft sinh. Cd bao ve
mdi
lam
cho chft nghTa Mac - Lenin cftng
cd, gift vihig dugc tran dja va phft huy
dugc anh hudng. Cd phft trien mdi lam cho
chft nghTa Mac - Lenin thich ftng vdi mgi
hoan canh Ijch sft cu the, cd sftc sdng
ddi
dao va khdng ngimg sang tao, ludn ludn

dftng vung tren myen dau efta thdi dft. Chft
nghia Mac - Lenin tdn tft qua the ky XIX,
rdi
trai
qua the ky XX va nay lft di vao the
ky XXI, vugt qua bao nhieu bao tap, chiing
td sftc sdng va su thien bien van hda efta nd
rft ky dieu, dya tren sy thdng nhft gifta bao
ve va phft trien.
Viec bao ve va phft trien chft nghTa Mac -
Lenin trong dieu kien Ijch sft mdi efta the
ky XXI vfta cd thufti lpi, vfta cd nhiing khd
khan thach thftc va trach nhiem nftig ne.
Thufti lpi ldn nhft la chft nghTa Mac -
Lenin da tich luy dugc nhieu kinh nghiem
Ijch sft thanh cdng cung nhu thft bft efta
nhihig the ky ma nd da trft qua
160
nftn,
nhft
la
sau cudc khftng hoftig va thoai trao
vao cudi the ky XX, chft nghTa Mac - Lenin
bft dau hdi phuc, Ift phft sang va thftig hoa
khi budc vao thi ky XXI. Vao thdi diim
giao thoa gifta hai the ky, lft xuit bien
ly
lufti
ddi mdi va cft each d pbfti cdn lft efta
the gidi xa bgi chft nghTa, die

biet
la
Viet
Nam va Trang Qudc. Dd la sy thi bien cd
sftc thuyet phuc nhft efta viec bao ve va
phat trien chft nghTa Mac - Lenin trong dieu
kien ljch sft mdi. Dd cung la sy chuin bj
hanh tiang quan trgng nhft vi be tu mdng
de chft nghTa xa hdi budc vao thien nien ky
mdi va tiep tuc tiin
len.
' •
Mft khac, sy syp dd va tan ra
efta
Lien
Xd va cac nudc xa bgi chft nghTa Ddng Au
vao cuoi thi ky XX vin cdn dgng lai trong
ky ftc efta mpi ngudi tren hanh tinh, dd
la
sy
bang hoang va tdn thuang, sy mft mat ve
tinh cftn efta loft ngudi ddi vdi chft nghTa
Mac - Lenin va chft nghTa xa hdi, se edn
lau
nfta mdi trd lft binh thudng. Lft them cac
chinh khach, cac nha chien
luge
phuong
Tay, cac hgc gia m
sfti,

ke ca nhihig ngudi
cdng
sfti
dao dgng va hoft nghi, se cdn tiep
tyc lpi dvmg sy kien ljch sft chfti ddng nay
de
lam
mdt cudc dao ldn trftig den, lft
ngugc phft trft; se cdn lpi dvmg uu the hang
dau ve vft chft cua mdt sd nudc phft trien
de ra sftc khoe khoang,
khoac
lac, va
tiep
tuc
lpi dvmg quan niem
dfti
chft, nhfti quyen,
tdn giao, quan niem gia trj, ldi sdng budng
tha, eye doan efta phuong Tay de tha ho chi
trich va thach thftc chft nghTa Mac - Lenin
va chft
nghTa
xa hdi.
Tien trinh ljch sft
dai lau
efta the ky XXI
dang d phia
trade,
edn phai trft qua nhihig

chftig dudng day bien ddng, khd ludng;
nhihig
vfti
de xa bdi phftc tap tren pham
vl
toan cau; khdng it nhiing am muu, boat
ddng efta cac the
lye
thft dieh se tang
len.
Tinh binh dd bude chft nghTa Mac - Lenin
vi chft nghia xa hdi phft chufti bj m tudng,
ly
luan
de ddn nhfti nhung thach thftc mdi,
Idn ban, va tim
each
khac phuc de vugt
qua. Cdng tie tu tudng, ly
luan
phft de ra
nhiem vu giuong cao ngpn co ddi mdi xdy
dung
chii nghTa
xd hpi ndm bdt thdi
co,
tan
dung cde diiu kiin cd lpi vuon lin gidi
quyit nhitng vdn di cdp bdch cua thi ky
mdi xftng dang vai trd tien phong tren con

dudng van dftn ma thdi dft dft ra cho chft
nghia Mac - Lenin phai xft
ly.
,
50
LY LUAN CHiNH TRj 8-2010
Cdng tic
ly
lufti phft
lam
cho toan
Dftig, toan dan cd tim nhin thdng thoing,
rdng md, khdng qua cau ne va cd thai do
eye
doan ddi vdi nhiing sai
lim
va sy sup
dd efta Lien Xd va Ddng Au, di tft dd phft
nhfti hoan toan chft nghTa Mac - Lenin, chft
nghia xa hdi, ddng thdi cung khdng vi bao
ve chft nghTa Mac - Lenin ma bien nd thanh
nhiing giao dieu xo cftng, coi nhe yeu cau
ddi mdi va phft trien.
Con dudng van dftn, nhung budc di
tbi
mdi bft dau. Cdng tie tu tudng, cdng tac
1^
luan phft dua nhiem vu bao ve va phft trien
chft nghTa Mac - Lenin, tu tudng Hd Chi
Minh vao chuong trinh nghj sy efta minh.

Ddng thdi, gap rftt dao tao mdt ddi ngu can
bd vfta tinh thdng chft nghTa Mac - Lenin,
vfta hieu biet va nam vihig kien thftc ve
phft trien kinh te - xa hdi va khoa hpc -
cdng nghe hien dft, nam bat tinh binh the
gidl
duong dft de dftn duong sy nghiep ki
thfta, bao ve, phft trien chft nghTa Mae -
Lenin. Day la mdt chien luge lau dai, la sy
nghiep ldn lao ed lien quan den tien do efta
nude ta,
efta
ca
dfti
tdc va toan the loai
ngudi tien bd trong thi ky XXL
2
Budc vao the ky XXI, di bao dftn
• phft trien nhanh va ben viing, bien
nudc ta co ban thanh mdt nudc cdng
nghiep theo hudng hien dai vao nftn 2020,
Dang ta
cfti
djnh budng rd chien
luge
phft
trien dft nudc, trong dd chiin lupc cdng tdc
ly ludn gift mdt vj tri quan trgng. Trong
djnh hudng dd, phft dft chiin
luge

cdng
tie ly
luan
la mdt bp phfti efta chiin
luge
phft triin con ngudi - chiin luge phft triin
hudng vi nhfti dan - len vj tri hang diu.
Dft chiin luge cdng tie ly lufti trong
chiin
luge
phft trien con ngudi khdng phft
chi la phit triin timg mft nao dd, ma la
phft triin toan dien ca tu tudng va van hda,
ca dao dftc
Va
tai nang, ca tri
lyc
va the
lyc,
ca tu duy va tri tue, khdng chi efta timg
con ngudi ma
nhln
xa ca the he hdm nay va
cic the be mai sau. NghTa la, chftn Io phft
trien, dao tao, bdi dudng sftc manh vft chft
va sftc manh tu tudng, tinh thfti efta con
ngudi, tao nen ngudn luc con ngudi hung
hau cho dft nudc. Chien
luge
ay ddi bdi

phai xac lap nhiing thiet che xa
bdi
sao cho
sy giao due
efta
xa
hpi,
giao due
efta nha
tradng va giao dye efta gia dinh gan ket vdi
nhau chft che, de tao ra mdt dpi ngu
lao
dpng cd chft lugng, dft phftn chft va tai
nftig dap ftng yeu cau day manh cdng
nghiep hda, hien dft hda cho vft ba thap ky
tdi cung nhu cho lau dai.
Dft con ngudi vao vj tri trung tftn efta
chien luge phft trien con ngudi chinh
la
lay
con ngudi lftn tien de va dieu kien co ban
efta chien luge cdng tie m mdng. Phft trien
con ngudi la qua trinh ket hgp chft che gifta
tftig tmdng kinh te vdi tien bd va cdng bang
xa bgi, gift gin va phft buy ban sac van hda
dfti
tdc. Tu mdng -
vfti
hda dugc xem nhu
diem tya viing chae cua chien luge cdng tie

m
mdng - chien luge phat trien eon ngudi.
Chien
luge
ay phft tinh den cdi ngudn va cac
gia trj nen mdng efta m mdng - van hda xa
bdi bang each
lam
giau, gift gin va phft huy
m
mdng tmyen thdng va
bfti
sac van hda dan
tdc.
Chinh dd la nen mdng phft trien sftc
manh tinh thfti efta con ngudi, ddn bay
ciia
sy bien ddi giftp con ngudi ty gift phdng va
phft huy tiem nftig sang tao efta
mlnb,
tao
lap
nen cic mdi quan he tdt dep gifta con
ngudi vdi con ngudi. Day cdn
la
sy gift
phdng m duy, gift phdng tri me,
gift
phdng
nhan

each
ra khdi sy cftn tft efta chft nghia
giao
dieu
va chft nghia quan Heu, cua sy ap
dat
m
tudng va dgc quyen chfti Iy,
ciia
tinh
LY
LUAN
CHiNH TRj 8-2010
51
tiang
dfti
chft hinh thftc va chinh trj hda cac
hoft dgng
ciia
ddi sdng van hda - tinh thin xa
hgl.
Lam chft ve van hda -
m
mdng la mdt
budc dot phi ve gift phdng ca nhfti, tdn
tipng va khang djnh ca nhfti nhu mdt chft thi
mang nhfti each ddc
lap
sang
tao.

Nd ddi hdi
mpi ngudi phft cd m duy phe phan, xda bd
m
duy tri tre, bae
nbuge
khdng mudn thft thach
tiong
bleu
biet, kham phi, sang tao.
Khdng ed mdt chien luge phft trien nao,
ke ca chien
luge
cdng tie
ly
lufti, lft khdng
tinh den cdi ngudn van hda xa
hdi,
lft khdng
xem xet den nhiing he gia trj, thft dp, tin
nguong, tap qufti ciing nhu toan bd nen
mdng
efta ITnh
vyc tinh thfti. Dieu dd chftng
td d dau cd yeu eau phft trien tbi
a
dd cd
yeu cau van hda - tu
tudng.
La muc tieu, van
hda - m tudng

la
eft dich nhftn hudng
tdi
efta
phft trien, hudng tdi con ngudi - tmng
tam efta sy phft trien; khdng cd
vfti
hda - m
tudng
tbi
khdng cd phft trien. Khdng cd van
hda - tu tudng chung chung, van hda - tu
tudng tach khdi con ngudi. Van hda - m
mdng
lay
eon ngudi lftn trung tftn, van hda -
tu tudng
vl
su phft trien efta con ngudi.
Chien
luge
cdng tie
ly lufti
va chien luge
eon ngudi thdng nhft vdi nhau nhim xay
dung mdt xa hpi cd van hda cao theo djnh
hudng xa hpi chft ngbia.
Tren y nghTa ay thi viee xay dvmg eon
ngudi, phft trien van hda - m tudng phft gin
ket vdi phft trien kinh te - xa bdi. Trong cac

banh trang ma Dang va nhfti dan phft chuin
bj budc vao thi ky XXI, tbi vin di con
ngudi,
vfti
de tao ra ngudn
luc
con ngudi,
vfti
de phft trien nang
lyc ndi
sinh vi van
hda - tu tudng
la
nhiing hanh trang cd y
nghia nen mdng, ddi bdi Dftig phai ed chiin
luge
tft ngay hdm qua cho din hdm nay di
chuan bj su phft trien cho ngay mai - cho ca
the ky XXI. Dong thdi, tren pham
vl
toan
ciu, chftng ta
chihig
kiin mdt budc phft
tiien giao thdi efta ljch sft the gidi - budc
qua do tft nen van minh cdng nghiep sang
nen van minh tri me. Vi van hda thi dd
la
bude qua do tft mdt nen van minh cdng
nghiep sang mgt nin van minh tri me, mgt

nen
vfti
minh phft trien ben virng ma d day
con ngudi ludn ludn gift vj tri trung tftn.
Chien
luge
nay phft bang
mgi
each phft
huy
ngudn lyc
con ngudi, tao ra ngudn
lyc
van hda - tu tudng ndi sinh de dua den mdt
budc nhay mdi cd the thieh nghi vdi nhihig
chuyen dpng tang tdc, ddn dap dang va se
dien ra trong nhiing thap nien tdi. Nhihig
chuyen ddng nay dugc thftc diy bdi nhiiu
ngudn lyc, nhung trong dd cd hai ngudn
luc
quan trgng, dd
la
ngudn luc van hda - m
tudng ndi sinh va ngudn lyc efta each mang
khoa hgc va cdng nghe
hien
dft.
Hal
ngudn
lyc nay se tao ra sftc manh efta sy phft trien

vugt bae de dft nude ta cd thi timg budc
qua dp tft mdt nen
vfti
minh cdng nghiep
sang mpt nen van minh tri tue - mdt xa
hpi
thdng tin.
Chien
luge
ay dugc xem nhu
la
nin tang
tinh thfti efta xa hdi,
la
diem tya tinh thin
tao ra niem tin cho con ngudi va ca xa
hgl
di
vao hanh ddng thye te ma bft cft mdt chien
luge
nao, ke ca chien
luge
cdng tic m mdng
efta Dftig phai xem dd la ngi
dvmg
co
ban,
la
ddng gdp quan trgng de day tdi sy phit
trien. Chien luge ay nhftn budng tdi phft

huy
mpi
kha nang va tft tri sang tao
efta
toan
Dang, toan dan, lam cho kinh ti phft triin,
chinh trj dn djnh, xa hpi ddng thufti,
dfti
tpc
dai
doan ket, cac gia tri ty do - dan chft -
cdng bing - binh dang dugc thye hien ngay
cang tdt ban, dem lft cho mpi ngudi
dfti
cudc sdng hanh phftc vdi ddi song vft chit
ngay cang tang, ddi sdng tinh thin ngay mpt
tdt, xa hdi ngay cang van minh, tiin bd.
52 LY LUAN CHINH TRI 8 - 2010