Nhu cầu dinh dưỡng pptx

ThS. Bs. LÊ VĂN KHOA
B MÔN NHI - TR NG ĐHYD C N THỘ ƯỜ Ầ Ơ

1. Gi i thích đ c t i sao nhu c u dinh d ng ả ượ ạ ầ ưỡ
c a tr em l i cao h n ng i l n.ủ ẻ ạ ơ ườ ớ

2. Tính đ c nhu c u năng l ng và n c theo ượ ầ ượ ướ
tu i và cân n ng.ổ ặ
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3. Nêu đ c vai trò, ngu n cung c p, nhu c u ượ ồ ấ ầ
hàng ngày c a các ch t đ m, béo, đ ng.ủ ấ ạ ườ

4. Nêu đ c nhu c u hàng ngày c a m t s ượ ầ ủ ộ ố
ch t khoáng và vitamine.ấ
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Basal metabolic rate (BMR): Rate of energy
expenditure after an overnight fast, resting
comfortably, supine, awake, and motionless
in a thermoneutral environment.

Basal energy expenditure (BEE): BMR over 24
hours.
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Thermic effect of food (TEF): Increase in energy
expenditure elicited by food consumption.

Energy deposition: Energy requirement for
growth.

Total energy expenditure (TEE): Sum of BEE,
TEF, physical activity, thermoregulation, and the

energy expended in depositing new tissues
and/or in producing milk.

Physical activity level (PAL): Ratio of total to
basal daily energy expenditure (TEE/BEE).
Describes and accounts for physical activity
habits.

Physical activity coefficient (PA): The physical
activity coefficient that correlates with PAL
can be used to calculate estimated energy
requirements (EER).

EER: Dietary energy intake that is predicted
to maintain energy balance in a healthy
individual. In children, it includes the needs
associated with growth. For most healthy
infants and children, the equations here can
be used to determine energy needs.

For infants, children, and adolescents, EER
(kcal/day) = TEE + energy deposition.

For most hospitalized patients, it can be
assumed PAL = sedentary, PA = 1.

Ph thu c vào: tu i, gi i, CN, nhi t đ môi ụ ộ ổ ớ ệ ộ
tr ng m c ho t đ ng th l c.ườ ứ ạ ộ ể ự


S năng l ng c n c a kh u ph n ăn ph i ố ượ ầ ủ ẩ ầ ả
cung c p đ y đ t t c các tiêu hao c a c ấ ầ ủ ấ ả ủ ơ
th g m: Chuy n hóa c th , tăng tr ng, ể ồ ể ơ ể ưở
ho t đ ng th l c.ạ ộ ể ự

Đ n v đo l ng kcal.ơ ị ườ

3 ch t cung c p năng l ng ch y u:ấ ấ ượ ủ ế

1 g Protéin cho 4 kcal

+ 1 g Glucid cho 4 kcal

+ 1g lipid cho 9 kcal

G:P:L = 60% - 13% - 27%

Theo công th c Holliday-Segar:ứ

≤ 10 kg : 100 kcal /kg

>10 –20 kg : 1000kcal + 50 kcal /kg

> 20 kg : 1500 kcal + 20 kcal /kg